def iothub_twin_sample_run():
try:
iothub_twin_method = IoTHubDeviceTwin(CONNECTION_STRING)
if (MODULE_ID is None):
# Query for device twin
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.get_twin(DEVICE_ID)
else:
# Query for module twin
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.get_twin(DEVICE_ID, MODULE_ID)
print("")
print("Twin before update :")
print("{0}".format(twin_info))
if (MODULE_ID is None):
# Update device twin
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.update_twin(DEVICE_ID, UPDATE_JSON)
else:
# Update module twin
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.update_twin(DEVICE_ID, MODULE_ID,
UPDATE_JSON)
print("")
print("Twin after update :")
print("{0}".format(twin_info))
except IoTHubError as iothub_error:
print("")
print("Unexpected error {0}" % iothub_error)
return
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("")
print("IoTHubModuleTwin sample stopped")
class IoTHub:
def __init__(self, iothub_name, owner_key, suffix='.azure-devices.net'):
self.iothub_name = iothub_name
self.owner_key = owner_key
self.suffix = suffix
self.owner_connection_string = 'HostName={0}{1};SharedAccessKeyName=iothubowner;SharedAccessKey={2}'.format(
self.iothub_name, self.suffix, owner_key)
self.registry_manager = IoTHubRegistryManager(
self.owner_connection_string)
self.device_twin = IoTHubDeviceTwin(self.owner_connection_string)
self.__device_clients = {}
def create_device(self, device_id, primary_key='', secondary_key=''):
return self.registry_manager.create_device(
device_id, primary_key, secondary_key,
IoTHubRegistryManagerAuthMethod.SHARED_PRIVATE_KEY)
def get_device_list(self):
return self.registry_manager.get_device_list(
1000) # NOTE: this API is marked as deprecated,
# but Python SDK doesn't seem to offer
# an alternative yet (03/25/2018).
def get_device_twin(self, device_id):
return self.device_twin.get_twin(device_id)
def update_twin(self, device_id, payload):
return self.device_twin.update_twin(device_id, payload)
def get_iothub_device_twin(methodname):
try:
retVal = 0
iothub_twin_method = IoTHubDeviceTwin(CONNECTION_STRING)
# Query for device twin
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.get_twin(DEVICE_ID)
payload = json.loads(twin_info)
if methodname == 'ota':
retVal = payload["properties"]["reported"]["softwareUpdate"]
if methodname == 'failure_status':
data = payload["properties"]["reported"]["softwareUpdate"][
"failure_status"]
msg = dict()
msg["failure_status"] = data
retVal = msg
if methodname == 'reboot':
retVal = payload["properties"]["reported"]["rebootStatus"]
if methodname == 'id':
data = payload["properties"]["reported"]["Id"]
msg = dict()
msg["Id"] = data
retVal = msg
return retVal
except IoTHubError as iothub_error:
print("")
print("Unexpected error {0}" % iothub_error)
return "error"
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("")
print("IoTHubModuleTwin sample stopped")
def iothub_devicetwin():
iothub_twin_method = IoTHubDeviceTwin(CONNECTION_STRING)
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.get_twin(DEVICE_ID)
print("")
print("Device Twin before update :")
print("{0}".format(twin_info))
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.update_twin(DEVICE_ID, TWIN_MSG)
print("")
print("Device Twin after update :")
print("{0}".format(twin_info))
def get_iothub_device_twin():
try:
iothub_twin_method = IoTHubDeviceTwin(CONNECTION_STRING)
# Query for device twin
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.get_twin(DEVICE_ID)
payload = json.loads(twin_info)
return payload["properties"]["reported"]["softwareUpdate"]
except IoTHubError as iothub_error:
print("")
print("Unexpected error {0}" % iothub_error)
return "error"
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("")
print("IoTHubModuleTwin sample stopped")
def iothub_firmware_sample_run():
try:
iothub_twin_method = IoTHubDeviceTwin(CONNECTION_STRING)
print("")
print("Direct Method called.")
iothub_device_method = IoTHubDeviceMethod(CONNECTION_STRING)
response = iothub_device_method.invoke(DEVICE_ID, METHOD_NAME,
METHOD_PAYLOAD, TIMEOUT)
print(response.payload)
print("")
print("Device Twin queried, press Ctrl-C to exit")
while True:
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.get_twin(DEVICE_ID)
if "\"firmwareStatus\":\"standBy\"" in twin_info:
print("Waiting on device...")
elif "\"firmwareStatus\":\"downloading\"" in twin_info:
print("Downloading firmware...")
elif "\"firmwareStatus\":\"applying\"" in twin_info:
print("Download complete, applying firmware...")
elif "\"firmwareStatus\":\"completed\"" in twin_info:
print("Firmware applied")
print("")
print("Get reported properties from device twin:")
print(twin_info)
break
else:
print("Unknown status")
status_counter = 0
while status_counter <= MESSAGE_COUNT:
time.sleep(1)
status_counter += 1
except IoTHubError as iothub_error:
print("")
print("Unexpected error {0}" % iothub_error)
return
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("")
print("IoTHubService sample stopped")
def iothub_devicemethod_sample_run():
try:
iothub_twin_method = IoTHubDeviceTwin(CONNECTION_STRING)
iothub_device_method = IoTHubDeviceMethod(CONNECTION_STRING)
print("")
print("Invoking device to reboot...")
response = iothub_device_method.invoke(DEVICE_ID, METHOD_NAME,
METHOD_PAYLOAD, TIMEOUT)
print("")
print("Successfully invoked the device to reboot.")
print("")
print(response.payload)
while True:
print("")
print("IoTHubClient waiting for commands, press Ctrl-C to exit")
status_counter = 0
while status_counter <= WAIT_COUNT:
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.get_twin(DEVICE_ID)
if twin_info.find("rebootTime") != -1:
print("Last reboot time: " +
twin_info[twin_info.find("rebootTime") +
11:twin_info.find("rebootTime") + 37])
else:
print("Waiting for device to report last reboot time...")
time.sleep(5)
status_counter += 1
except IoTHubError as iothub_error:
print("")
print("Unexpected error {0}".format(iothub_error))
return
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("")
print("IoTHubDeviceMethod sample stopped")
def iothub_devicetwin_sample_run():
try:
iothub_twin_method = IoTHubDeviceTwin(CONNECTION_STRING)
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.get_twin(DEVICE_ID)
print("")
print("Device Twin before update :")
print("{0}".format(twin_info))
twin_info = iothub_twin_method.update_twin(DEVICE_ID, UPDATE_JSON)
print("")
print("Device Twin after update :")
print("{0}".format(twin_info))
except IoTHubError as iothub_error:
print("")
print("Unexpected error {0}" % iothub_error)
return
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print("")
print("IoTHubDeviceTwin sample stopped")
def run_e2e_twin(iothub_connection_string, testing_modules):
try:
# prepare
device_id = generate_device_name()
assert isinstance(device_id, str), 'Invalid type returned!'
primary_key = ""
secondary_key = ""
auth_method = IoTHubRegistryManagerAuthMethod.SHARED_PRIVATE_KEY
iothub_registry_manager = IoTHubRegistryManager(
iothub_connection_string)
new_device = iothub_registry_manager.create_device(
device_id, primary_key, secondary_key, auth_method)
if testing_modules == True:
new_module = iothub_registry_manager.create_module(
device_id, primary_key, secondary_key, TEST_MODULE_ID,
auth_method)
###########################################################################
# IoTHubDeviceTwin
# act
iothub_device_twin = IoTHubDeviceTwin(IOTHUB_CONNECTION_STRING)
# verify
assert iothub_device_twin != None, "iothub_device_twin is NULL"
###########################################################################
###########################################################################
# Wait before get twin...
sleep_before_device_action()
###########################################################################
# get_twin
# act
if testing_modules == True:
twin_info = iothub_device_twin.get_twin(device_id, TEST_MODULE_ID)
else:
twin_info = iothub_device_twin.get_twin(device_id)
# verify
assert twin_info != None, "twin_info is NULL"
json_ok = twin_info.find("deviceId")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain deviceId tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find(device_id)
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain the correct device id"
if testing_modules == True:
json_ok = twin_info.find("moduleId")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain moduleId tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find("etag")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain etag tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find("properties")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain properties tag"
###########################################################################
print("")
print("Twin before update:")
print("{0}".format(twin_info))
###########################################################################
# update_twin
# prepare
new_property_name = "telemetryInterval"
new_property_value = "42"
UPDATE_JSON = "{\"properties\":{\"desired\":{\"" + new_property_name + "\":" + new_property_value + "}}}"
# act
if testing_modules == True:
twin_info = iothub_device_twin.update_twin(device_id,
TEST_MODULE_ID,
UPDATE_JSON)
else:
twin_info = iothub_device_twin.update_twin(device_id, UPDATE_JSON)
# verify
assert twin_info != None, "twin_info is NULL"
json_ok = twin_info.find("deviceId")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain deviceId tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find(device_id)
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain the correct device id"
json_ok = twin_info.find("etag")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain etag tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find("properties")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain properties tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find(new_property_name)
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain " + new_property_name + " tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find(new_property_value)
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain " + new_property_value
###########################################################################
print("")
print("Device Twin after update:")
print("{0}".format(twin_info))
print("")
retval = 0
except Exception as e:
print("")
print("run_e2e_twin() failed with exception: {0}".format(e))
retval = 1
finally:
# clean-up
if testing_modules == True:
iothub_registry_manager.delete_module(device_id, TEST_MODULE_ID)
iothub_registry_manager.delete_device(device_id)
return retval
class IoTHub:
def __init__(self, iothub_name, owner_key, suffix='.azure-devices.net'):
self.iothub_name = iothub_name
self.owner_key = owner_key
self.iothub_host = iothub_name + suffix
self.owner_connection_string = 'HostName={0};SharedAccessKeyName=iothubowner;SharedAccessKey={1}'.format(
self.iothub_host, owner_key)
self.registry_manager = IoTHubRegistryManager(
self.owner_connection_string)
self.device_twin = IoTHubDeviceTwin(self.owner_connection_string)
self.__device_clients = {}
def create_device(self, device_id, primary_key='', secondary_key=''):
return self.registry_manager.create_device(
device_id, primary_key, secondary_key,
IoTHubRegistryManagerAuthMethod.SHARED_PRIVATE_KEY)
def get_device_list(self):
return self.registry_manager.get_device_list(
1000) # NOTE: this API is marked as deprecated,
# but Python SDK doesn't seem to offer
# an alternative yet (03/25/2018).
def get_device_twin(self, device_id):
return self.device_twin.get_twin(device_id)
def __get_sas_token(self, device_id, key, policy, expiry=3600):
ttl = time() + expiry
uri = '{0}/devices/{1}'.format(self.iothub_host, device_id)
sign_key = "%s\n%d" % ((quote_plus(uri)), int(ttl))
signature = b64encode(
HMAC(b64decode(key), sign_key.encode('utf-8'), sha256).digest())
rawtoken = {'sr': uri, 'sig': signature, 'se': str(int(ttl))}
rawtoken['skn'] = policy
sas = 'SharedAccessSignature ' + urlencode(rawtoken)
return sas
# return 'HostName={0}{1};DeviceId={2};SharedAccessSignature={3}'.format(self.iothub_name, self.suffix, device_id, sas)
def update_twin(self, device_id, payload, etag='*'):
"""
Update device twin.
Unfortunately, Python IoTHub SDK does not implement optimistic concurrency, so
falling back to the REST API.
SDK equivalent:
return self.device_twin.update_twin(device_id, payload)
"""
twin_url = 'https://{0}/twins/{1}?api-version=2017-06-30'.format(
self.iothub_host, device_id)
sas_token = self.__get_sas_token(device_id, self.owner_key,
'iothubowner')
headers = {
'Authorization': sas_token,
'Content-Type': 'application/json',
'If-Match': '"{0}"'.format(etag)
}
payload_json = json.loads(payload)
keys = map(str.lower, payload_json.keys())
if 'tags' not in keys:
payload_json['tags'] = {}
if 'desiredproperties' not in keys:
payload_json['desiredProperties'] = {}
payload = json.dumps(payload_json)
r = requests.patch(twin_url, data=payload, headers=headers)
assert r.status_code == HTTPStatus.OK
return r.text
def claim_device(self, client_id):
while True:
claimed_device = self.try_claim_device(client_id)
if claimed_device:
return claimed_device
sleep(5)
def try_claim_device(self, client_id):
try:
devices = self.get_device_list()
except:
return
random.shuffle(devices)
for device in devices:
if device.connectionState == IoTHubDeviceConnectionState.CONNECTED:
continue
if device.status == IoTHubDeviceStatus.DISABLED:
continue
# attempt to acquire lock using device twin's optimistic concurrency
twin_data = self.get_device_twin(device.deviceId)
twin_data_json = json.loads(twin_data)
etag = twin_data_json['etag']
twin_tags = None
if 'tags' not in twin_data_json:
twin_tags = {}
else:
twin_tags = twin_data_json['tags']
if 'simulated' not in twin_tags or not twin_tags['simulated']:
continue
if 'simulator' not in twin_tags:
continue
current_time = datetime.datetime.now().replace(tzinfo=None)
if '_claim' in twin_tags:
simulator_data = twin_tags['_claim']
if 'lastClaimed' in simulator_data:
last_claimed = dateutil.parser.parse(
simulator_data['lastClaimed']).replace(tzinfo=None)
if (current_time - last_claimed).total_seconds() < 30:
continue
twin_tags['_claim'] = {
'clientId': client_id,
'lastClaimed': current_time.isoformat()
}
updated_properties = {'tags': twin_tags}
try:
updated_twin_data = self.update_twin(
device.deviceId, json.dumps(updated_properties), etag)
return device, updated_twin_data
except:
continue
def run_e2e_devicetwin(iothub_connection_string):
try:
# prepare
device_id = generate_device_name()
assert isinstance(device_id, str), 'Invalid type returned!'
primary_key = ""
secondary_key = ""
auth_method = IoTHubRegistryManagerAuthMethod.SHARED_PRIVATE_KEY
iothub_registry_manager = IoTHubRegistryManager(iothub_connection_string)
new_device = iothub_registry_manager.create_device(device_id, primary_key, secondary_key, auth_method)
###########################################################################
# IoTHubDeviceTwin
# act
iothub_device_twin = IoTHubDeviceTwin(IOTHUB_CONNECTION_STRING)
# verify
assert iothub_device_twin != None, "iothub_device_twin is NULL"
###########################################################################
###########################################################################
# Wait before get twin...
time.sleep(SLEEP_BEFORE_DEVICE_ACTION)
###########################################################################
# get_twin
# act
twin_info = iothub_device_twin.get_twin(device_id)
# verify
assert twin_info != None, "twin_info is NULL"
json_ok = twin_info.find("deviceId")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain deviceId tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find(device_id)
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain the correct device id"
json_ok = twin_info.find("etag")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain etag tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find("properties")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain properties tag"
###########################################################################
print ( "" )
print ( "Device Twin before update:" )
print ( "{0}".format(twin_info) )
###########################################################################
# update_twin
# prepare
new_property_name = "telemetryInterval"
new_property_value = "42"
UPDATE_JSON = "{\"properties\":{\"desired\":{\"" + new_property_name + "\":" + new_property_value + "}}}"
# act
twin_info = iothub_device_twin.update_twin(device_id, UPDATE_JSON)
# verify
assert twin_info != None, "twin_info is NULL"
json_ok = twin_info.find("deviceId")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain deviceId tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find(device_id)
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain the correct device id"
json_ok = twin_info.find("etag")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain etag tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find("properties")
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain properties tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find(new_property_name)
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain " + new_property_name + " tag"
json_ok = twin_info.find(new_property_value)
assert json_ok > 0, "twin_info does not contain " + new_property_value
###########################################################################
print ( "" )
print ( "Device Twin after update:" )
print ( "{0}".format(twin_info) )
print ( "" )
retval = 0
except Exception as e:
print ( "" )
print ("run_e2e_devicetwin() failed with exception: {0}".format(e))
retval = 1
finally:
# clean-up
iothub_registry_manager.delete_device(device_id)
return retval