예제 #1
0
def time_edges(start_time, end_time, frame_interval):
    """ Return lists cooresponding the start and end times of frames lasting frame_interval
        between start_time and end_time. The last interval may extend beyond end_time, but 
        by no more than frame_interval. This makes each frame the same length.
        
        returns t_edges, duration, where t_edges is a list of datetime objects, and
        duration is the total duration between the start and end times (and not the duration
        of all frames)
    """
    frame_dt = timedelta(0, frame_interval, 0)
    duration = end_time - start_time
    n_frames = int(np.ceil(to_seconds(duration) / to_seconds(frame_dt)))
    t_edges = [start_time + i * frame_dt for i in range(n_frames + 1)]
    return t_edges, duration
예제 #2
0
def time_edges(start_time, end_time, frame_interval):
    """ Return lists cooresponding the start and end times of frames lasting frame_interval
        between start_time and end_time. The last interval may extend beyond end_time, but 
        by no more than frame_interval. This makes each frame the same length.
        
        returns t_edges, duration, where t_edges is a list of datetime objects, and
        duration is the total duration between the start and end times (and not the duration
        of all frames)
    """
    frame_dt = timedelta(0, frame_interval, 0)
    duration = end_time - start_time
    n_frames = int(np.ceil(to_seconds(duration) / to_seconds(frame_dt)))
    t_edges = [start_time + i * frame_dt for i in range(n_frames + 1)]
    return t_edges, duration
예제 #3
0
def seconds_since_start_of_day(start_time, t):
    """ For each datetime object t, return the number of seconds elapsed since the 
        start of the date given by start_time. Only the date part of start_time is used. 
    """
    ref_date = start_time.date()
    t_ref = datetime(ref_date.year, ref_date.month, ref_date.day)
    t_edges_seconds = [to_seconds(edge - t_ref) for edge in t]
    return t_ref, t_edges_seconds
예제 #4
0
def seconds_since_start_of_day(start_time, t):
    """ For each datetime object t, return the number of seconds elapsed since the 
        start of the date given by start_time. Only the date part of start_time is used. 
    """
    ref_date = start_time.date()
    t_ref = datetime(ref_date.year, ref_date.month, ref_date.day)
    t_edges_seconds = [to_seconds(edge - t_ref) for edge in t]
    return t_ref, t_edges_seconds
예제 #5
0
def grid_h5flashfiles(
    h5_filenames,
    start_time,
    end_time,
    frame_interval=120.0,
    dx=4.0e3,
    dy=4.0e3,
    x_bnd=(-100e3, 100e3),
    y_bnd=(-100e3, 100e3),
    z_bnd=(-20e3, 20e3),
    ctr_lat=35.23833,
    ctr_lon=-97.46028,
    min_points_per_flash=10,
    outpath="",
    flash_count_logfile=None,
    proj_name="aeqd",
    proj_datum="WGS84",
    proj_ellipse="WGS84",
    output_writer=write_cf_netcdf,
    output_filename_prefix="LMA",
    output_kwargs={},
    spatial_scale_factor=1.0 / 1000.0,
):
    from math import ceil

    """
    
    Create 2D plan-view density grids for events, flash origins, flash extents, and mean flash footprint
    
    frame_interval: Frame time-step in seconds
    dx, dy: horizontal grid size in m (or deg)
    {x,y,z}_bnd: horizontal grid edges in m
    ctr_lat, ctr_lon: coordinate center
    
    Uses an azimuthal equidistant map projection on the WGS84 ellipsoid.
    
    
    read_flashes
    
    filter_flash
    extract_events
    flash_to_frame
    
    frame0_broadcast, frame1_broadcast, ...
    
    each broadcaster above sends events and flashes to:
    projection( event_location), projection(flash_init_location), projection(event_location)
    which map respectively to:
    point_density->accum_on_grid(event density), point_density->accum_on_grid(flash init density), extent_density->accum_on_grid(flash_extent_density)

    grids are in an HDF5 file. how to handle flushing?
    """

    if flash_count_logfile is None:
        flash_count_logfile = sys.stdout

    # reference time is the date part of the start_time

    t_edges, duration = time_edges(start_time, end_time, frame_interval)
    t_ref, t_edges_seconds = seconds_since_start_of_day(start_time, t_edges)
    n_frames = len(t_edges) - 1

    xedge = np.arange(x_bnd[0], x_bnd[1] + dx, dx)
    yedge = np.arange(y_bnd[0], y_bnd[1] + dy, dy)

    x0 = xedge[0]
    y0 = yedge[0]

    if proj_name == "latlong":
        dx_units = "{0:6.4f}deg".format(dx)
        mapProj = GeographicSystem()
    else:
        dx_units = "{0:5.1f}m".format(dx)
        mapProj = MapProjection(
            projection=proj_name,
            ctrLat=ctr_lat,
            ctrLon=ctr_lon,
            lat_ts=ctr_lat,
            lon_0=ctr_lon,
            lat_0=ctr_lat,
            lat_1=ctr_lat,
            ellipse=proj_ellipse,
            datum=proj_datum,
        )
    geoProj = GeographicSystem()

    event_density_grid = np.zeros((xedge.shape[0] - 1, yedge.shape[0] - 1, n_frames), dtype="int32")
    init_density_grid = np.zeros((xedge.shape[0] - 1, yedge.shape[0] - 1, n_frames), dtype="int32")
    extent_density_grid = np.zeros((xedge.shape[0] - 1, yedge.shape[0] - 1, n_frames), dtype="int32")
    footprint_grid = np.zeros((xedge.shape[0] - 1, yedge.shape[0] - 1, n_frames), dtype="float32")

    all_frames = []
    extent_frames = []
    init_frames = []
    event_frames = []
    for i in range(n_frames):
        extent_out = {"name": "extent"}
        init_out = {"name": "init"}
        event_out = {"name": "event"}
        accum_event_density = density_to_files.accumulate_points_on_grid(
            event_density_grid[:, :, i], xedge, yedge, out=event_out, label="event"
        )
        accum_init_density = density_to_files.accumulate_points_on_grid(
            init_density_grid[:, :, i], xedge, yedge, out=init_out, label="init"
        )
        accum_extent_density = density_to_files.accumulate_points_on_grid(
            extent_density_grid[:, :, i], xedge, yedge, out=extent_out, label="extent"
        )
        accum_footprint = density_to_files.accumulate_points_on_grid(
            footprint_grid[:, :, i], xedge, yedge, label="footprint"
        )
        extent_out["func"] = accum_extent_density
        init_out["func"] = accum_init_density
        event_out["func"] = accum_event_density
        extent_frames.append(extent_out)
        init_frames.append(init_out)
        event_frames.append(event_out)

        event_density_target = density_to_files.point_density(accum_event_density)
        init_density_target = density_to_files.point_density(accum_init_density)
        extent_density_target = density_to_files.extent_density(x0, y0, dx, dy, accum_extent_density)
        mean_footprint_target = density_to_files.extent_density(x0, y0, dx, dy, accum_footprint, weight_key="area")

        spew_to_density_types = density_to_files.broadcast(
            (
                density_to_files.project(
                    "lon", "lat", "alt", mapProj, geoProj, event_density_target, use_flashes=False
                ),
                density_to_files.project(
                    "init_lon", "init_lat", "init_alt", mapProj, geoProj, init_density_target, use_flashes=True
                ),
                density_to_files.project(
                    "lon", "lat", "alt", mapProj, geoProj, extent_density_target, use_flashes=False
                ),
                density_to_files.project(
                    "lon", "lat", "alt", mapProj, geoProj, mean_footprint_target, use_flashes=False
                ),
            )
        )

        all_frames.append(density_to_files.extract_events_for_flashes(spew_to_density_types))

    frame_count_log = density_to_files.flash_count_log(flash_count_logfile)

    framer = density_to_files.flashes_to_frames(
        t_edges_seconds, all_frames, time_key="start", time_edges_datetime=t_edges, flash_counter=frame_count_log
    )

    read_flashes(h5_filenames, framer, base_date=t_ref, min_points=min_points_per_flash)

    # print 'event_density_grid ', id(event_density_grid[:,:,-1])
    # print 'extent_density_grid', id(extent_density_grid[:,:,-1])
    # print 'init_density_grid  ', id(init_density_grid[:,:,-1])

    x_coord = (xedge[:-1] + xedge[1:]) / 2.0
    y_coord = (yedge[:-1] + yedge[1:]) / 2.0
    nx = x_coord.shape[0]
    ny = y_coord.shape[0]

    x_all, y_all = (a.T for a in np.meshgrid(x_coord, y_coord))
    assert x_all.shape == y_all.shape
    assert x_all.shape[0] == nx
    assert x_all.shape[1] == ny
    z_all = np.zeros_like(x_all)

    lons, lats, alts = x, y, z = geoProj.fromECEF(*mapProj.toECEF(x_all, y_all, z_all))
    lons.shape = x_all.shape
    lats.shape = y_all.shape

    outflile_basename = os.path.join(
        outpath,
        "%s_%s_%d_%dsrc_%s-dx_"
        % (
            output_filename_prefix,
            start_time.strftime("%Y%m%d_%H%M%S"),
            to_seconds(duration),
            min_points_per_flash,
            dx_units,
        ),
    )

    outfiles = (
        outflile_basename + "flash_extent.nc",
        outflile_basename + "flash_init.nc",
        outflile_basename + "source.nc",
        outflile_basename + "footprint.nc",
    )

    outgrids = (extent_density_grid, init_density_grid, event_density_grid, footprint_grid)

    field_names = ("flash_extent", "flash_initiation", "lma_source", "flash_footprint")

    field_descriptions = (
        "LMA flash extent density",
        "LMA flash initiation density",
        "LMA source density",
        "LMA local mean flash area",
    )

    if proj_name == "latlong":
        density_units = "grid"
    else:
        density_units = "{0:5.1f} km^2".format(dx / 1000.0 * dy / 1000.0).lstrip()
    time_units = "{0:5.1f} min".format(frame_interval / 60.0).lstrip()
    density_label = "Count per " + density_units + " pixel per " + time_units

    field_units = (density_label, density_label, density_label, "km^2 per flash")

    output_writer(
        outfiles[0],
        t_ref,
        np.asarray(t_edges_seconds[:-1]),
        x_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
        y_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
        lons,
        lats,
        ctr_lat,
        ctr_lon,
        outgrids[0],
        field_names[0],
        field_descriptions[0],
        grid_units=field_units[0],
        **output_kwargs
    )
    output_writer(
        outfiles[1],
        t_ref,
        np.asarray(t_edges_seconds[:-1]),
        x_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
        y_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
        lons,
        lats,
        ctr_lat,
        ctr_lon,
        outgrids[1],
        field_names[1],
        field_descriptions[1],
        grid_units=field_units[1],
        **output_kwargs
    )
    output_writer(
        outfiles[2],
        t_ref,
        np.asarray(t_edges_seconds[:-1]),
        x_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
        y_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
        lons,
        lats,
        ctr_lat,
        ctr_lon,
        outgrids[2],
        field_names[2],
        field_descriptions[2],
        grid_units=field_units[2],
        **output_kwargs
    )
    output_writer(
        outfiles[3],
        t_ref,
        np.asarray(t_edges_seconds[:-1]),
        x_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
        y_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
        lons,
        lats,
        ctr_lat,
        ctr_lon,
        outgrids[3],
        field_names[3],
        field_descriptions[3],
        format="f",
        grid_units=field_units[3],
        **output_kwargs
    )

    print "max extent is", extent_density_grid.max()

    return x_coord, y_coord, lons, lats, extent_density_grid, outfiles, field_names
예제 #6
0
def grid_h5flashfiles(
    h5_filenames,
    start_time,
    end_time,
    frame_interval=120.0,
    dx=4.0e3,
    dy=4.0e3,
    x_bnd=(-100e3, 100e3),
    y_bnd=(-100e3, 100e3),
    z_bnd=(-20e3, 20e3),
    ctr_lat=35.23833,
    ctr_lon=-97.46028,
    min_points_per_flash=10,
    outpath='',
    flash_count_logfile=None,
    proj_name='aeqd',
    proj_datum='WGS84',
    proj_ellipse='WGS84',
    output_writer=write_cf_netcdf,
    output_filename_prefix="LMA",
    output_kwargs={},
    spatial_scale_factor=1.0 / 1000.0,
):
    from math import ceil
    """
    
    Create 2D plan-view density grids for events, flash origins, flash extents, and mean flash footprint
    
    frame_interval: Frame time-step in seconds
    dx, dy: horizontal grid size in m (or deg)
    {x,y,z}_bnd: horizontal grid edges in m
    ctr_lat, ctr_lon: coordinate center
    
    Uses an azimuthal equidistant map projection on the WGS84 ellipsoid.
    
    
    read_flashes
    
    filter_flash
    extract_events
    flash_to_frame
    
    frame0_broadcast, frame1_broadcast, ...
    
    each broadcaster above sends events and flashes to:
    projection( event_location), projection(flash_init_location), projection(event_location)
    which map respectively to:
    point_density->accum_on_grid(event density), point_density->accum_on_grid(flash init density), extent_density->accum_on_grid(flash_extent_density)

    grids are in an HDF5 file. how to handle flushing?
    """

    if flash_count_logfile is None:
        flash_count_logfile = sys.stdout

    # reference time is the date part of the start_time

    t_edges, duration = time_edges(start_time, end_time, frame_interval)
    t_ref, t_edges_seconds = seconds_since_start_of_day(start_time, t_edges)
    n_frames = len(t_edges) - 1

    xedge = np.arange(x_bnd[0], x_bnd[1] + dx, dx)
    yedge = np.arange(y_bnd[0], y_bnd[1] + dy, dy)

    x0 = xedge[0]
    y0 = yedge[0]

    if proj_name == 'latlong':
        dx_units = '{0:6.4f}deg'.format(dx)
        mapProj = GeographicSystem()
    else:
        dx_units = '{0:5.1f}m'.format(dx)
        mapProj = MapProjection(projection=proj_name,
                                ctrLat=ctr_lat,
                                ctrLon=ctr_lon,
                                lat_ts=ctr_lat,
                                lon_0=ctr_lon,
                                lat_0=ctr_lat,
                                lat_1=ctr_lat,
                                ellipse=proj_ellipse,
                                datum=proj_datum)
    geoProj = GeographicSystem()

    event_density_grid = np.zeros(
        (xedge.shape[0] - 1, yedge.shape[0] - 1, n_frames), dtype='int32')
    init_density_grid = np.zeros(
        (xedge.shape[0] - 1, yedge.shape[0] - 1, n_frames), dtype='int32')
    extent_density_grid = np.zeros(
        (xedge.shape[0] - 1, yedge.shape[0] - 1, n_frames), dtype='int32')
    footprint_grid = np.zeros(
        (xedge.shape[0] - 1, yedge.shape[0] - 1, n_frames), dtype='float32')

    all_frames = []
    extent_frames = []
    init_frames = []
    event_frames = []
    for i in range(n_frames):
        extent_out = {'name': 'extent'}
        init_out = {'name': 'init'}
        event_out = {'name': 'event'}
        accum_event_density = density_to_files.accumulate_points_on_grid(
            event_density_grid[:, :, i],
            xedge,
            yedge,
            out=event_out,
            label='event')
        accum_init_density = density_to_files.accumulate_points_on_grid(
            init_density_grid[:, :, i],
            xedge,
            yedge,
            out=init_out,
            label='init')
        accum_extent_density = density_to_files.accumulate_points_on_grid(
            extent_density_grid[:, :, i],
            xedge,
            yedge,
            out=extent_out,
            label='extent')
        accum_footprint = density_to_files.accumulate_points_on_grid(
            footprint_grid[:, :, i], xedge, yedge, label='footprint')
        extent_out['func'] = accum_extent_density
        init_out['func'] = accum_init_density
        event_out['func'] = accum_event_density
        extent_frames.append(extent_out)
        init_frames.append(init_out)
        event_frames.append(event_out)

        event_density_target = density_to_files.point_density(
            accum_event_density)
        init_density_target = density_to_files.point_density(
            accum_init_density)
        extent_density_target = density_to_files.extent_density(
            x0, y0, dx, dy, accum_extent_density)
        mean_footprint_target = density_to_files.extent_density(
            x0, y0, dx, dy, accum_footprint, weight_key='area')

        spew_to_density_types = density_to_files.broadcast((
            density_to_files.project('lon',
                                     'lat',
                                     'alt',
                                     mapProj,
                                     geoProj,
                                     event_density_target,
                                     use_flashes=False),
            density_to_files.project('init_lon',
                                     'init_lat',
                                     'init_alt',
                                     mapProj,
                                     geoProj,
                                     init_density_target,
                                     use_flashes=True),
            density_to_files.project('lon',
                                     'lat',
                                     'alt',
                                     mapProj,
                                     geoProj,
                                     extent_density_target,
                                     use_flashes=False),
            density_to_files.project('lon',
                                     'lat',
                                     'alt',
                                     mapProj,
                                     geoProj,
                                     mean_footprint_target,
                                     use_flashes=False),
        ))

        all_frames.append(
            density_to_files.extract_events_for_flashes(spew_to_density_types))

    frame_count_log = density_to_files.flash_count_log(flash_count_logfile)

    framer = density_to_files.flashes_to_frames(t_edges_seconds,
                                                all_frames,
                                                time_key='start',
                                                time_edges_datetime=t_edges,
                                                flash_counter=frame_count_log)

    read_flashes(h5_filenames,
                 framer,
                 base_date=t_ref,
                 min_points=min_points_per_flash)

    # print 'event_density_grid ', id(event_density_grid[:,:,-1])
    # print 'extent_density_grid', id(extent_density_grid[:,:,-1])
    # print 'init_density_grid  ', id(init_density_grid[:,:,-1])

    x_coord = (xedge[:-1] + xedge[1:]) / 2.0
    y_coord = (yedge[:-1] + yedge[1:]) / 2.0
    nx = x_coord.shape[0]
    ny = y_coord.shape[0]

    x_all, y_all = (a.T for a in np.meshgrid(x_coord, y_coord))
    assert x_all.shape == y_all.shape
    assert x_all.shape[0] == nx
    assert x_all.shape[1] == ny
    z_all = np.zeros_like(x_all)

    lons, lats, alts = x, y, z = geoProj.fromECEF(
        *mapProj.toECEF(x_all, y_all, z_all))
    lons.shape = x_all.shape
    lats.shape = y_all.shape

    outflile_basename = os.path.join(
        outpath, '%s_%s_%d_%dsrc_%s-dx_' %
        (output_filename_prefix, start_time.strftime('%Y%m%d_%H%M%S'),
         to_seconds(duration), min_points_per_flash, dx_units))

    outfiles = (
        outflile_basename + 'flash_extent.nc',
        outflile_basename + 'flash_init.nc',
        outflile_basename + 'source.nc',
        outflile_basename + 'footprint.nc',
    )

    outgrids = (extent_density_grid, init_density_grid, event_density_grid,
                footprint_grid)

    field_names = ('flash_extent', 'flash_initiation', 'lma_source',
                   'flash_footprint')

    field_descriptions = ('LMA flash extent density',
                          'LMA flash initiation density', 'LMA source density',
                          'LMA local mean flash area')

    if proj_name == 'latlong':
        density_units = "grid"
    else:
        density_units = "{0:5.1f} km^2".format(dx / 1000.0 * dy /
                                               1000.0).lstrip()
    time_units = "{0:5.1f} min".format(frame_interval / 60.0).lstrip()
    density_label = 'Count per ' + density_units + " pixel per " + time_units

    field_units = (
        density_label,
        density_label,
        density_label,
        "km^2 per flash",
    )

    output_writer(outfiles[0],
                  t_ref,
                  np.asarray(t_edges_seconds[:-1]),
                  x_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
                  y_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
                  lons,
                  lats,
                  ctr_lat,
                  ctr_lon,
                  outgrids[0],
                  field_names[0],
                  field_descriptions[0],
                  grid_units=field_units[0],
                  **output_kwargs)
    output_writer(outfiles[1],
                  t_ref,
                  np.asarray(t_edges_seconds[:-1]),
                  x_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
                  y_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
                  lons,
                  lats,
                  ctr_lat,
                  ctr_lon,
                  outgrids[1],
                  field_names[1],
                  field_descriptions[1],
                  grid_units=field_units[1],
                  **output_kwargs)
    output_writer(outfiles[2],
                  t_ref,
                  np.asarray(t_edges_seconds[:-1]),
                  x_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
                  y_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
                  lons,
                  lats,
                  ctr_lat,
                  ctr_lon,
                  outgrids[2],
                  field_names[2],
                  field_descriptions[2],
                  grid_units=field_units[2],
                  **output_kwargs)
    output_writer(outfiles[3],
                  t_ref,
                  np.asarray(t_edges_seconds[:-1]),
                  x_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
                  y_coord * spatial_scale_factor,
                  lons,
                  lats,
                  ctr_lat,
                  ctr_lon,
                  outgrids[3],
                  field_names[3],
                  field_descriptions[3],
                  format='f',
                  grid_units=field_units[3],
                  **output_kwargs)

    print 'max extent is', extent_density_grid.max()

    return x_coord, y_coord, lons, lats, extent_density_grid, outfiles, field_names