예제 #1
0
def main(argv):

    
    # use an ArgumentParser object to manage the program arguments.
    arguments = osg.ArgumentParser(argv)
   
    # construct the viewer.
    viewer = osgViewer.Viewer()

    # load the nodes from the commandline arguments.
    rootnode = osgDB.readNodeFiles(arguments)
    
    # if not loaded assume no arguments passed in, try use default mode instead.
    if  not rootnode : rootnode = osgDB.readNodeFile("cessnafire.osgt")
    
    if  not rootnode :
        osg.notify(osg.NOTICE), "Please specify a model filename on the command line."
        return 1
    
    image = osgDB.readImageFile("Images/reflect.rgb")
    if image :
        texture = osg.Texture2D()
        texture.setImage(image)

        texgen = osg.TexGen()
        texgen.setMode(osg.TexGen.SPHERE_MAP)

        texenv = osg.TexEnv()
        texenv.setMode(osg.TexEnv.BLEND)
        texenv.setColor(osg.Vec4(0.3,0.3,0.3,0.3))

        stateset = osg.StateSet()
        stateset.setTextureAttributeAndModes(1,texture,osg.StateAttribute.ON)
        stateset.setTextureAttributeAndModes(1,texgen,osg.StateAttribute.ON)
        stateset.setTextureAttribute(1,texenv)
        
        rootnode.setStateSet(stateset)
    else:
        osg.notify(osg.NOTICE), "unable to load reflect map, model will not be mutlitextured"

    # run optimization over the scene graph
    optimzer = osgUtil.Optimizer()
    optimzer.optimize(rootnode)
     
    # add a viewport to the viewer and attach the scene graph.
    viewer.setSceneData( rootnode )
    
    # create the windows and run the threads.
    viewer.realize()

    for(unsigned int contextID = 0 
        contextID<osg.DisplaySettings.instance().getMaxNumberOfGraphicsContexts()
        ++contextID)
        textExt = osg.Texture.getExtensions(contextID,False)
        if textExt :
            if  not textExt.isMultiTexturingSupported() :
                print "Warning: multi-texturing not supported by OpenGL drivers, unable to run application."
                return 1
예제 #2
0
def createSkyBox():


    

    stateset = osg.StateSet()

    te = osg.TexEnv()
    te.setMode(osg.TexEnv.REPLACE)
    stateset.setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, te, osg.StateAttribute.ON)

    tg = osg.TexGen()
    tg.setMode(osg.TexGen.NORMAL_MAP)
    stateset.setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, tg, osg.StateAttribute.ON)

    tm = osg.TexMat()
    stateset.setTextureAttribute(0, tm)

    skymap = readCubeMap()
    stateset.setTextureAttributeAndModes(0, skymap, osg.StateAttribute.ON)

    stateset.setMode( GL_LIGHTING, osg.StateAttribute.OFF )
    stateset.setMode( GL_CULL_FACE, osg.StateAttribute.OFF )

    # clear the depth to the far plane.
    depth = osg.Depth()
    depth.setFunction(osg.Depth.ALWAYS)
    depth.setRange(1.0,1.0)   
    stateset.setAttributeAndModes(depth, osg.StateAttribute.ON )

    stateset.setRenderBinDetails(-1,"RenderBin")

    drawable = osg.ShapeDrawable(osg.Sphere(osg.Vec3(0.0,0.0,0.0),1))

    geode = osg.Geode()
    geode.setCullingActive(False)
    geode.setStateSet( stateset )
    geode.addDrawable(drawable)


    transform = MoveEarthySkyWithEyePointTransform()
    transform.setCullingActive(False)
    transform.addChild(geode)

    clearNode = osg.ClearNode()
#  clearNode.setRequiresClear(False)
    clearNode.setCullCallback(TexMatCallback(*tm))
    clearNode.addChild(transform)

    return clearNode
def main():
   viewer = osgViewer.Viewer()

   # Declare a group to act as root node of a scene:
   root = osg.Group()

   # Declare a box class (derived from shape class) instance
   # This constructor takes an osg.Vec3 to define the center
   #  and a float to define the height, width and depth.
   #  (an overloaded constructor allows you to specify unique
   #   height, width and height values.)
   unitCube = osg.Box( osg.Vec3(0,0,0), 1.0)
   unitCube.setDataVariance(osg.Object.DYNAMIC)

   # Declare an instance of the shape drawable class and initialize 
   #  it with the unitCube shape we created above.
   #  This class is derived from 'drawable' so instances of this
   #  class can be added to Geode instances.
   unitCubeDrawable = osg.ShapeDrawable(unitCube)

   # Declare a instance of the geode class: 
   basicShapesGeode = osg.Geode()

   # Add the unit cube drawable to the geode:
   basicShapesGeode.addDrawable(unitCubeDrawable)

   # Add the goede to the scene:
   root.addChild(basicShapesGeode)

   unitSphere = osg.Sphere( osg.Vec3(0,0,0), 1.0)
   unitSphereDrawable = osg.ShapeDrawable(unitSphere)
   unitSphereDrawable.setColor( osg.Vec4(0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 0.1) )

   unitSphereXForm = osg.PositionAttitudeTransform()
   unitSphereXForm.setPosition(osg.Vec3(3.0,0,0))

   unitSphereGeode = osg.Geode()
   root.addChild(unitSphereXForm)
   unitSphereXForm.addChild(unitSphereGeode)
   unitSphereGeode.addDrawable(unitSphereDrawable)

   pyramidGeode = createPyramid()
   
   pyramidXForm = osg.PositionAttitudeTransform()
   pyramidXForm.setPosition(osg.Vec3(0,-3.0,0))
   root.addChild(pyramidXForm)
   pyramidXForm.addChild(pyramidGeode)

   KLN89FaceTexture = osg.Texture2D()
   # protect from being optimized away as static state:
   KLN89FaceTexture.setDataVariance(osg.Object.DYNAMIC) 
   klnFace = osgDB.readImageFile("../NPS_Data/Textures/KLN89FaceB.tga")
   if klnFace is None:
      print " couldn't find texture, quitting."
      sys.exit(-1)
   
   KLN89FaceTexture.setImage(klnFace)

   # Declare a state set for 'BLEND' texture mode
   blendStateSet = osg.StateSet()

   # Declare a TexEnv instance, set the mode to 'BLEND'
   blendTexEnv = osg.TexEnv()
   blendTexEnv.setMode(osg.TexEnv.BLEND)

   # Turn the attribute of texture 0 'ON'
   blendStateSet.setTextureAttributeAndModes(0,KLN89FaceTexture,osg.StateAttribute.ON)
   # Set the texture texture environment for texture 0 to the 
   #  texture envirnoment we declared above:
   blendStateSet.setTextureAttribute(0,blendTexEnv)

   decalStateSet = osg.StateSet()
   decalTexEnv = osg.TexEnv()
   decalTexEnv.setMode(osg.TexEnv.DECAL)

   decalStateSet.setTextureAttributeAndModes(0,KLN89FaceTexture,osg.StateAttribute.ON)
   decalStateSet.setTextureAttribute(0,decalTexEnv)

   root.setStateSet(blendStateSet)
   unitSphereGeode.setStateSet(decalStateSet)

   # OSG1 viewer.setUpViewer(osgProducer.Viewer.STANDARD_SETTINGS)
   viewer.setSceneData( root )
   viewer.setCameraManipulator(osgGA.TrackballManipulator())
   viewer.realize()

   while not viewer.done():
      viewer.frame()

   return 0
예제 #4
0
def main(argv):


    
    # use an ArgumentParser object to manage the program arguments.
    arguments = osg.ArgumentParser(argv)
    
    # set up the usage document, in case we need to print out how to use this program.
    arguments.getApplicationUsage().setDescription(arguments.getApplicationName()+" is the example which demonstrates use of node tracker.")
    arguments.getApplicationUsage().setCommandLineUsage(arguments.getApplicationName())
    arguments.getApplicationUsage().addCommandLineOption("-h or --help","Display this information")
    

    # construct the viewer.
    viewer = osgViewer.Viewer(arguments)

    # add the state manipulator
    viewer.addEventHandler( osgGA.StateSetManipulator(viewer.getCamera().getOrCreateStateSet()) )
    
    # add the thread model handler
    viewer.addEventHandler(osgViewer.ThreadingHandler)()

    # add the window size toggle handler
    viewer.addEventHandler(osgViewer.WindowSizeHandler)()
        
    # add the stats handler
    viewer.addEventHandler(osgViewer.StatsHandler)()
        
    # add the record camera path  handler
    viewer.addEventHandler(osgViewer.RecordCameraPathHandler)()

    # add the help handler
    viewer.addEventHandler(osgViewer.HelpHandler(arguments.getApplicationUsage()))

    # set the near far ration computation up.
    viewer.getCamera().setComputeNearFarMode(osg.CullSettings.COMPUTE_NEAR_FAR_USING_PRIMITIVES)
    viewer.getCamera().setNearFarRatio(0.000003)


    speed = 1.0
    while arguments.read("-f")  or  arguments.read("--fixed") : speed = 0.0


    rotation = osg.Quat()
    vec4 = osg.Vec4()
    while arguments.read("--rotate-model",vec4[0],vec4[1],vec4[2],vec4[3]) :
        local_rotate = osg.Quat()
        local_rotate.makeRotate(osg.DegreesToRadians(vec4[0]),vec4[1],vec4[2],vec4[3])
        
        rotation = rotation * local_rotate

    nc = 0
    flightpath_filename = str()
    while arguments.read("--flight-path",flightpath_filename) :
        fin = osgDB.ifstream(flightpath_filename.c_str())
        if fin :
            path = osg.AnimationPath()
            path.read(fin)
            nc = osg.AnimationPathCallback(path)
    
    trackerMode = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator.NODE_CENTER_AND_ROTATION
    mode = str()
    while arguments.read("--tracker-mode",mode) :
        if mode=="NODE_CENTER_AND_ROTATION" : trackerMode = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator.NODE_CENTER_AND_ROTATION
        elif mode=="NODE_CENTER_AND_AZIM" : trackerMode = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator.NODE_CENTER_AND_AZIM
        elif mode=="NODE_CENTER" : trackerMode = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator.NODE_CENTER
        else:
            print "Unrecognized --tracker-mode option ", mode, ", valid options are:"
            print "    NODE_CENTER_AND_ROTATION"
            print "    NODE_CENTER_AND_AZIM"
            print "    NODE_CENTER"
            return 1
    
    
    rotationMode = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator.TRACKBALL
    while arguments.read("--rotation-mode",mode) :
        if mode=="TRACKBALL" : rotationMode = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator.TRACKBALL
        elif mode=="ELEVATION_AZIM" : rotationMode = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator.ELEVATION_AZIM
        else:
            print "Unrecognized --rotation-mode option ", mode, ", valid options are:"
            print "    TRACKBALL"
            print "    ELEVATION_AZIM"
            return 1

    useOverlay = True
    while arguments.read("--no-overlay")  or  arguments.read("-n") : useOverlay = False
    
    technique = osgSim.OverlayNode.OBJECT_DEPENDENT_WITH_ORTHOGRAPHIC_OVERLAY
    while arguments.read("--object") : technique = osgSim.OverlayNode.OBJECT_DEPENDENT_WITH_ORTHOGRAPHIC_OVERLAY
    while arguments.read("--ortho")  or  arguments.read("--orthographic") : technique = osgSim.OverlayNode.VIEW_DEPENDENT_WITH_ORTHOGRAPHIC_OVERLAY
    while arguments.read("--persp")  or  arguments.read("--perspective") : technique = osgSim.OverlayNode.VIEW_DEPENDENT_WITH_PERSPECTIVE_OVERLAY

    overlayTextureUnit = 1
    while arguments.read("--unit", overlayTextureUnit) : 
    
    pathfile = str()
    while arguments.read("-p",pathfile) : 

    addFireEffect = arguments.read("--fire")

    # if user request help write it out to cout.
    if arguments.read("-h")  or  arguments.read("--help") :
        arguments.getApplicationUsage().write(std.cout)
        return 1
    
    
    tm = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator()
    
    overlayFilename = str()
    while arguments.read("--overlay", overlayFilename) : 

    # read the scene from the list of file specified commandline args.
    root = osgDB.readNodeFiles(arguments)

    if  not root : root = createEarth()

    if  not root : return 0


    if  not overlayFilename.empty() :
        #osg.Object *pObj = osgDB.readObjectFile("alaska_clean.shp")
        #osg.Geode shapefile = dynamic_cast<osg.Geode*> (pObj)
        #
        #ConvertLatLon2EllipsoidCoordinates latlon2em
        #shapefile.accept(latlon2em)

        shapefile = osgDB.readNodeFile(overlayFilename)
        
        if  not shapefile :
            osg.notify(osg.NOTICE), "File `", overlayFilename, "` not found"
            return 1

        csn = dynamic_cast<osg.CoordinateSystemNode*>(root)
        if csn :

            overlayNode = osgSim.OverlayNode(technique)
            overlayNode.getOrCreateStateSet().setTextureAttribute(1, osg.TexEnv(osg.TexEnv.DECAL))
            overlayNode.setOverlaySubgraph(shapefile)
            overlayNode.setOverlayTextureSizeHint(1024)
            overlayNode.setOverlayTextureUnit(overlayTextureUnit)

            # insert the OverlayNode between the coordinate system node and its children.
            for(unsigned int i=0 i<csn.getNumChildren() ++i)
                overlayNode.addChild( csn.getChild(i) )

            csn.removeChildren(0, csn.getNumChildren())
            csn.addChild(overlayNode)

            viewer.setSceneData(csn)
        else:
            overlayNode = osgSim.OverlayNode(technique)
            overlayNode.getOrCreateStateSet().setTextureAttribute(1, osg.TexEnv(osg.TexEnv.DECAL))
            overlayNode.setOverlaySubgraph(shapefile)
            overlayNode.setOverlayTextureSizeHint(1024)
            overlayNode.addChild(root)

            viewer.setSceneData(overlayNode)
    else:
    

        # add a viewport to the viewer and attach the scene graph.
        viewer.setSceneData(root)

        csn = dynamic_cast<osg.CoordinateSystemNode*>(root)
        if csn :

            overlayNode = osgSim.OverlayNode()
            if useOverlay :
                overlayNode = osgSim.OverlayNode(technique)

                # insert the OverlayNode between the coordinate system node and its children.
                for(unsigned int i=0 i<csn.getNumChildren() ++i)
                    overlayNode.addChild( csn.getChild(i) )

                csn.removeChildren(0, csn.getNumChildren())
                csn.addChild(overlayNode)

                # tell the overlay node to continously update its overlay texture
                # as we know we'll be tracking a moving target.
                overlayNode.setContinuousUpdate(True)


            cessna = osgDB.readNodeFile("cessna.osgt")
            if cessna :
                s = 200000.0 / cessna.getBound().radius()

                scaler = osg.MatrixTransform()
                scaler.addChild(cessna)
                scaler.setMatrix(osg.Matrixd.scale(s,s,s)*osg.Matrixd.rotate(rotation))
                scaler.getOrCreateStateSet().setMode(GL_RESCALE_NORMAL,osg.StateAttribute.ON)
                
                if addFireEffect :
                    center = cessna.getBound().center()
                    
                    fire = osgParticle.FireEffect(center, 10.0)
                    scaler.addChild(fire)
                

                if False :
                    ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(
                                        osg.Vec3(0.0,0.0,0.0), # center
                                        19.9, # radius
                                        osg.DegreesToRadians(135.0),
                                        osg.DegreesToRadians(240.0),
                                        osg.DegreesToRadians(-10.0),
                                        osg.DegreesToRadians(30.0),
                                        60)

                    scaler.addChild(ss)

                mt = osg.MatrixTransform()
                mt.addChild(scaler)


                if  not nc : nc = ModelPositionCallback(speed)

                mt.setUpdateCallback(nc)

                csn.addChild(mt)

                # if we are using an overaly node, use the cessna subgraph as the overlay subgraph
                if overlayNode.valid() :
                    overlayNode.setOverlaySubgraph(mt)

                tm = osgGA.NodeTrackerManipulator()
                tm.setTrackerMode(trackerMode)
                tm.setRotationMode(rotationMode)
                tm.setTrackNode(scaler)
            else:
                 print "Failed to read cessna.osgt"


    # set up camera manipulators.
        keyswitchManipulator = osgGA.KeySwitchMatrixManipulator()

        if tm.valid() : keyswitchManipulator.addMatrixManipulator( ord("0"), "NodeTracker", tm )

        keyswitchManipulator.addMatrixManipulator( ord("1"), "Trackball", osgGA.TrackballManipulator() )
        keyswitchManipulator.addMatrixManipulator( ord("2"), "Flight", osgGA.FlightManipulator() )
        keyswitchManipulator.addMatrixManipulator( ord("3"), "Drive", osgGA.DriveManipulator() )
        keyswitchManipulator.addMatrixManipulator( ord("4"), "Terrain", osgGA.TerrainManipulator() )

        if  not pathfile.empty() :
            apm = osgGA.AnimationPathManipulator(pathfile)
            if apm  or   not apm.valid() : 
                num = keyswitchManipulator.getNumMatrixManipulators()
                keyswitchManipulator.addMatrixManipulator( ord("5"), "Path", apm )
                keyswitchManipulator.selectMatrixManipulator(num)

        viewer.setCameraManipulator( keyswitchManipulator )

    # viewer.setThreadingModel(osgViewer.Viewer.SingleThreaded)

    return viewer.run()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main(sys.argv)
예제 #5
0
class IntersectionUpdateCallback (osg.NodeCallback) :
virtual void operator()(osg.Node* #node, osg.NodeVisitor* nv)
            if  not root_  or   not terrain_  or   not ss_  or   not intersectionGroup_ :
                osg.notify(osg.NOTICE), "IntersectionUpdateCallback not set up correctly."
                return

            #traverse(node,nv)
            frameCount_++
            if frameCount_ > 200 :
                # first we need find the transformation matrix that takes
                # the terrain into the coordinate frame of the sphere segment.
                terrainLocalToWorld = osg.Matrixd()
                terrain_worldMatrices = terrain_.getWorldMatrices(root_)
                if terrain_worldMatrices.empty() : terrainLocalToWorld.makeIdentity()
                elif terrain_worldMatrices.size()==1 : terrainLocalToWorld = terrain_worldMatrices.front()
                else:
                    osg.notify(osg.NOTICE), "IntersectionUpdateCallback: warning cannot interestect with multiple terrain instances, just uses first one."
                    terrainLocalToWorld = terrain_worldMatrices.front()

                # sphere segment is easier as this callback is attached to the node, so the node visitor has the unique path to it already.
                ssWorldToLocal = osg.computeWorldToLocal(nv.getNodePath())

                # now we can compute the terrain to ss transform
                possie = terrainLocalToWorld*ssWorldToLocal

                lines = ss_.computeIntersection(possie, terrain_)
                if  not lines.empty() :
                    if intersectionGroup_.valid() :
                        # now we need to place the intersections which are in the SphereSegmenet's coordinate frame into
                        # to the final position.
                        mt = osg.MatrixTransform()
                        mt.setMatrix(osg.computeLocalToWorld(nv.getNodePath()))
                        intersectionGroup_.addChild(mt)

                        # print "matrix = ", mt.getMatrix()

                        geode = osg.Geode()
                        mt.addChild(geode)

                        geode.getOrCreateStateSet().setMode(GL_LIGHTING,osg.StateAttribute.OFF)

                        for(osgSim.SphereSegment.LineList.iterator itr=lines.begin()
                           not = lines.end()
                           ++itr)
                            geom = osg.Geometry()
                            geode.addDrawable(geom)

                            vertices = itr
                            geom.setVertexArray(vertices)
                            geom.addPrimitiveSet(osg.DrawArrays(GL_LINE_STRIP, 0, vertices.getNumElements()))
                else:
                       osg.notify(osg.NOTICE), "No intersections found"


                frameCount_ = 0
    root_ = osg.observer_ptr<osg.Group>()
    terrain_ = osg.observer_ptr<osg.Geode>()
    ss_ = osg.observer_ptr<osgSim.SphereSegment>()
    intersectionGroup_ = osg.observer_ptr<osg.Group>()
    frameCount_ = unsigned()


class RotateUpdateCallback (osg.NodeCallback) :
    RotateUpdateCallback()  i=0
        virtual void operator()(osg.Node* node, osg.NodeVisitor* nv)
            ss = dynamic_cast<osgSim.SphereSegment *>(node)
            if ss :
                ss.setArea(osg.Vec3(cos(i/(2*osg.PI)),sin(i/(2*osg.PI)),0), osg.PI_2, osg.PI_2)

                i += 0.1

    i = float()


def createMovingModel(center, radius, terrainGeode, root, createMovingRadar):

    
    animationLength = 10.0

    animationPath = createAnimationPath(center,radius,animationLength)

    model = osg.Group()

    glider = osgDB.readNodeFile("glider.osgt")
    if glider :
        bs = glider.getBound()

        size = radius/bs.radius()*0.3
        positioned = osg.MatrixTransform()
        positioned.setDataVariance(osg.Object.STATIC)
        positioned.setMatrix(osg.Matrix.translate(-bs.center())*
                                     osg.Matrix.scale(size,size,size)*
                                     osg.Matrix.rotate(osg.inDegrees(-90.0),0.0,0.0,1.0))

        positioned.addChild(glider)

        xform = osg.PositionAttitudeTransform()
        xform.getOrCreateStateSet().setMode(GL_NORMALIZE, osg.StateAttribute.ON)
        xform.setUpdateCallback(osg.AnimationPathCallback(animationPath,0.0,1.0))
        xform.addChild(positioned)
        model.addChild(xform)

    if createMovingRadar :
        # The IntersectionUpdateCallback has to have a safe place to put all its generated geometry into,
        # and this group can't be in the parental chain of the callback otherwise we will end up invalidating
        # traversal iterators.
        intersectionGroup = osg.Group()
        root.addChild(intersectionGroup)

        xform = osg.PositionAttitudeTransform()
        xform.setUpdateCallback(osg.AnimationPathCallback(animationPath,0.0,1.0))

        ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(osg.Vec3d(0.0,0.0,0.0),
                                700.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(135.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(240.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-60.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-40.0),
                                60)

        iuc = IntersectionUpdateCallback()
        iuc.frameCount_ = 0
        iuc.root_ = root
        iuc.terrain_ = terrainGeode
        iuc.ss_ = ss
        iuc.intersectionGroup_ = intersectionGroup
        ss.setUpdateCallback(iuc)
        ss.setAllColors(osg.Vec4(1.0,1.0,1.0,0.5))
        ss.setSideColor(osg.Vec4(0.5,1.0,1.0,0.1))
        xform.addChild(ss)
        model.addChild(xform)

    cessna = osgDB.readNodeFile("cessna.osgt")
    if cessna :
        bs = cessna.getBound()

        text = osgText.Text()
        size = radius/bs.radius()*0.3

        text.setPosition(bs.center())
        text.setText("Cessna")
        text.setAlignment(osgText.Text.CENTER_CENTER)
        text.setAxisAlignment(osgText.Text.SCREEN)
        text.setCharacterSize(40.0)
        text.setCharacterSizeMode(osgText.Text.OBJECT_COORDS)

        geode = osg.Geode()
        geode.addDrawable(text)

        lod = osg.LOD()
        lod.setRangeMode(osg.LOD.PIXEL_SIZE_ON_SCREEN)
        lod.setRadius(cessna.getBound().radius())
        lod.addChild(geode,0.0,100.0)
        lod.addChild(cessna,100.0,10000.0)


        positioned = osg.MatrixTransform()
        positioned.getOrCreateStateSet().setMode(GL_NORMALIZE, osg.StateAttribute.ON)
        positioned.setDataVariance(osg.Object.STATIC)
        positioned.setMatrix(osg.Matrix.translate(-bs.center())*
                                     osg.Matrix.scale(size,size,size)*
                                     osg.Matrix.rotate(osg.inDegrees(180.0),0.0,0.0,1.0))

        #positioned.addChild(cessna)
        positioned.addChild(lod)

        xform = osg.MatrixTransform()
        xform.setUpdateCallback(osg.AnimationPathCallback(animationPath,0.0,2.0))
        xform.addChild(positioned)

        model.addChild(xform)

    return model

def createOverlay(center, radius):

    
    group = osg.Group()

    # create a grid of lines.
        geom = osg.Geometry()

        num_rows = 10

        left = center+osg.Vec3(-radius,-radius,0.0)
        right = center+osg.Vec3(radius,-radius,0.0)
        delta_row = osg.Vec3(0.0,2.0*radius/float(num_rows-1),0.0)

        top = center+osg.Vec3(-radius,radius,0.0)
        bottom = center+osg.Vec3(-radius,-radius,0.0)
        delta_column = osg.Vec3(2.0*radius/float(num_rows-1),0.0,0.0)

        vertices = osg.Vec3Array()
        for(unsigned int i=0 i<num_rows ++i)
            vertices.push_back(left)
            vertices.push_back(right)
            left += delta_row
            right += delta_row

            vertices.push_back(top)
            vertices.push_back(bottom)
            top += delta_column
            bottom += delta_column

        geom.setVertexArray(vertices)

        color = *(osg.Vec4ubArray(1))
        color[0].set(0,0,0,255)
        geom.setColorArray(color, osg.Array.BIND_OVERALL)

        geom.addPrimitiveSet(osg.DrawArrays(GL_LINES,0,vertices.getNumElements()))

        geom.getOrCreateStateSet().setMode(GL_LIGHTING,osg.StateAttribute.OFF)

        geode = osg.Geode()
        geode.addDrawable(geom)
        group.addChild(geode)

    return group

def computeTerrainIntersection(subgraph, x, y):

    
    bs = subgraph.getBound()
    zMax = bs.center().z()+bs.radius()
    zMin = bs.center().z()-bs.radius()

    intersector = osgUtil.LineSegmentIntersector(osg.Vec3(x,y,zMin),osg.Vec3(x,y,zMax))

    iv = osgUtil.IntersectionVisitor(intersector)

    subgraph.accept(iv)

    if intersector.containsIntersections() :
        return intersector.getFirstIntersection().getWorldIntersectPoint()

    return osg.Vec3(x,y,0.0)


#######################################
# MAIN SCENE GRAPH BUILDING FUNCTION
#######################################

def build_world(root, testCase, useOverlay, technique):

    

    # create terrain
    terrainGeode = 0
        terrainGeode = osg.Geode()

        stateset = osg.StateSet()
        image = osgDB.readImageFile("Images/lz.rgb")
        if image :
            texture = osg.Texture2D()
            texture.setImage(image)
            stateset.setTextureAttributeAndModes(0,texture,osg.StateAttribute.ON)

        terrainGeode.setStateSet( stateset )


            numColumns = 38
            numRows = 39
            unsigned int r, c

            origin = osg.Vec3(0.0,0.0,0.0)
            size = osg.Vec3(1000.0,1000.0,250.0)

            geometry = osg.Geometry()

            v = *(osg.Vec3Array(numColumns*numRows))
            tc = *(osg.Vec2Array(numColumns*numRows))
            color = *(osg.Vec4ubArray(1))

            color[0].set(255,255,255,255)

            rowCoordDelta = size.y()/(float)(numRows-1)
            columnCoordDelta = size.x()/(float)(numColumns-1)

            rowTexDelta = 1.0/(float)(numRows-1)
            columnTexDelta = 1.0/(float)(numColumns-1)

            # compute z range of z values of grid data so we can scale it.
            min_z = FLT_MAX
            max_z = -FLT_MAX
            for(r=0r<numRows++r)
                for(c=0c<numColumns++c)
                    min_z = osg.minimum(min_z,vertex[r+c*numRows][2])
                    max_z = osg.maximum(max_z,vertex[r+c*numRows][2])

            scale_z = size.z()/(max_z-min_z)

            pos = origin
            tex = osg.Vec2(0.0,0.0)
            vi = 0
            for(r=0r<numRows++r)
                pos.x() = origin.x()
                tex.x() = 0.0
                for(c=0c<numColumns++c)
                    v[vi].set(pos.x(),pos.y(),pos.z()+(vertex[r+c*numRows][2]-min_z)*scale_z)
                    tc[vi] = tex
                    pos.x()+=columnCoordDelta
                    tex.x()+=columnTexDelta
                    ++vi
                pos.y() += rowCoordDelta
                tex.y() += rowTexDelta

            geometry.setVertexArray(v)
            geometry.setTexCoordArray(0, tc)
            geometry.setColorArray(color, osg.Array.BIND_OVERALL)

            for(r=0r<numRows-1++r)
                drawElements = *(osg.DrawElementsUShort(GL_QUAD_STRIP,2*numColumns))
                geometry.addPrimitiveSet(drawElements)
                ei = 0
                for(c=0c<numColumns++c)
                    drawElements[ei++] = (r+1)*numColumns+c
                    drawElements[ei++] = (r)*numColumns+c

            smoother = osgUtil.SmoothingVisitor()
            smoother.smooth(*geometry)

            terrainGeode.addDrawable(geometry)



    # create sphere segment
    ss = 0

        terrainToSS = osg.Matrix()

        switch(testCase)
            case(0):
                ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(
                                computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,550.0,780.0), # center
                                510.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(135.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(240.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-10.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(30.0),
                                60)
                root.addChild(ss)
                break
            case(1):
                ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(
                                computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,550.0,780.0), # center
                                510.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(45.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(240.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-10.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(30.0),
                                60)
                root.addChild(ss)
                break
            case(2):
                ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(
                                computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,550.0,780.0), # center
                                510.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(5.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(355.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-10.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(30.0),
                                60)
                root.addChild(ss)
                break
            case(3):
                ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(
                                computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,550.0,780.0), # center
                                510.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(0.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(360.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-10.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(30.0),
                                60)
                root.addChild(ss)
                break
            case(4):
                ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(osg.Vec3d(0.0,0.0,0.0),
                                700.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(135.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(240.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-60.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-40.0),
                                60)

                mt = osg.MatrixTransform()

                mt.setMatrix(osg.Matrix(-0.851781, 0.156428, -0.5, 0,
                                          -0.180627, -0.983552, -6.93889e-18, 0,
                                          -0.491776, 0.0903136, 0.866025, 0,
                                          598.217, 481.957, 100, 1))
                mt.addChild(ss)

                terrainToSS.invert(mt.getMatrix())

                root.addChild(mt)
                break
            case(5):
                ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(osg.Vec3d(0.0,0.0,0.0),
                                700.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(35.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(135.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-60.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-40.0),
                                60)

                mt = osg.MatrixTransform()

                mt.setMatrix(osg.Matrix(-0.851781, 0.156428, -0.5, 0,
                                          -0.180627, -0.983552, -6.93889e-18, 0,
                                          -0.491776, 0.0903136, 0.866025, 0,
                                          598.217, 481.957, 100, 1))
                mt.addChild(ss)

                terrainToSS.invert(mt.getMatrix())

                root.addChild(mt)
                break
            case(6):
                ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(osg.Vec3d(0.0,0.0,0.0),
                                700.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-45.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(45.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-60.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-40.0),
                                60)

                mt = osg.MatrixTransform()

                mt.setMatrix(osg.Matrix(-0.851781, 0.156428, -0.5, 0,
                                          -0.180627, -0.983552, -6.93889e-18, 0,
                                          -0.491776, 0.0903136, 0.866025, 0,
                                          598.217, 481.957, 100, 1))
                mt.addChild(ss)

                terrainToSS.invert(mt.getMatrix())

                root.addChild(mt)
                break
            case(7):
                ss = osgSim.SphereSegment(
                                computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,550.0,780.0), # center
                                510.0, # radius
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-240.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-135.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(-10.0),
                                osg.DegreesToRadians(30.0),
                                60)
                ss.setUpdateCallback(RotateUpdateCallback())
                root.addChild(ss)
                break
        

        if ss.valid() :
            ss.setAllColors(osg.Vec4(1.0,1.0,1.0,0.5))
            ss.setSideColor(osg.Vec4(0.0,1.0,1.0,0.1))

            if  not ss.getParents().empty() :
                ss.getParent(0).addChild(ss.computeIntersectionSubgraph(terrainToSS, terrainGeode))



    if useOverlay :
        overlayNode = osgSim.OverlayNode(technique)
        overlayNode.getOrCreateStateSet().setTextureAttribute(1, osg.TexEnv(osg.TexEnv.DECAL))

        bs = terrainGeode.getBound()
        overlaySubgraph = createOverlay(bs.center(), bs.radius()*0.5)
        overlaySubgraph.addChild(ss)
        overlayNode.setOverlaySubgraph(overlaySubgraph)
        overlayNode.setOverlayTextureSizeHint(1024)
        overlayNode.setOverlayBaseHeight(0.0)
        overlayNode.addChild(terrainGeode)

        root.addChild(overlayNode)
    else:
      root.addChild(terrainGeode)

    # create particle effects
        position = computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,100.0,100.0)

        explosion = osgParticle.ExplosionEffect(position, 10.0)
        smoke = osgParticle.SmokeEffect(position, 10.0)
        fire = osgParticle.FireEffect(position, 10.0)

        root.addChild(explosion)
        root.addChild(smoke)
        root.addChild(fire)

    # create particle effects
        position = computeTerrainIntersection(terrainGeode,200.0,100.0)

        explosion = osgParticle.ExplosionEffect(position, 1.0)
        smoke = osgParticle.SmokeEffect(position, 1.0)
        fire = osgParticle.FireEffect(position, 1.0)

        root.addChild(explosion)
        root.addChild(smoke)
        root.addChild(fire)


    createMovingRadar = True

    # create the moving models.
        root.addChild(createMovingModel(osg.Vec3(500.0,500.0,500.0),100.0, terrainGeode, root, createMovingRadar))


#######################################
# main()
#######################################


def main(argv):


    
    # use an ArgumentParser object to manage the program arguments.
    arguments = osg.ArgumentParser(argv)

    # set up the usage document, in case we need to print out how to use this program.
    arguments.getApplicationUsage().setDescription(arguments.getApplicationName()+" is the example which demonstrates use of particle systems.")
    arguments.getApplicationUsage().setCommandLineUsage(arguments.getApplicationName()+" [options] image_file_left_eye image_file_right_eye")
    arguments.getApplicationUsage().addCommandLineOption("-h or --help","Display this information")


    # construct the viewer.
    viewer = osgViewer.Viewer(arguments)

    # if user request help write it out to cout.
    testCase = 0
    while arguments.read("-t", testCase) : 

    useOverlay = False
    technique = osgSim.OverlayNode.OBJECT_DEPENDENT_WITH_ORTHOGRAPHIC_OVERLAY
    while arguments.read("--object") :  useOverlay = True technique = osgSim.OverlayNode.OBJECT_DEPENDENT_WITH_ORTHOGRAPHIC_OVERLAY 
    while arguments.read("--ortho")  or  arguments.read("--orthographic") :  useOverlay = True technique = osgSim.OverlayNode.VIEW_DEPENDENT_WITH_ORTHOGRAPHIC_OVERLAY 
    while arguments.read("--persp")  or  arguments.read("--perspective") :  useOverlay = True technique = osgSim.OverlayNode.VIEW_DEPENDENT_WITH_PERSPECTIVE_OVERLAY 


    # if user request help write it out to cout.
    if arguments.read("-h")  or  arguments.read("--help") :
        arguments.getApplicationUsage().write(std.cout)
        return 1

    # any option left unread are converted into errors to write out later.
    arguments.reportRemainingOptionsAsUnrecognized()

    # report any errors if they have occurred when parsing the program arguments.
    if arguments.errors() :
        arguments.writeErrorMessages(std.cout)
        return 1

    root = osg.Group()
    build_world(root, testCase, useOverlay, technique)

    # add a viewport to the viewer and attach the scene graph.
    viewer.setSceneData(root)

    return viewer.run()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main(sys.argv)