def circuit(weights):
qml.RX(weights[0], wires=[0])
qml.RY(weights[1], wires=[1])
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
return qml.probs(wires=[0, 1])
"""Check that the decimals argument affects text strings when applicable."""
with QuantumTape() as tape:
qml.apply(op)
_, ax = tape_mpl(tape, decimals=2)
num_wires = len(op.wires)
assert ax.texts[num_wires].get_text() == op.label(decimals=2)
plt.close()
measure_data = [
([qml.expval(qml.PauliX(0))], [0]),
([qml.probs(wires=(0, 1, 2))], [0, 1, 2]),
([
qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0)),
qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0) @ qml.PauliY(1)),
qml.state()
], [0, 1]),
([qml.expval(qml.NumberOperator(wires=0))], [0]),
]
class TestMeasurements:
"""Tests measurements are drawn correctly"""
@pytest.mark.parametrize("measurements, wires", measure_data)
def test_measurements(self, measurements, wires):
"""Tests a variety of measurements draw measurement boxes on the correct wires."""
def circuit(param):
qml.MultiRZ(param, wires=[0, 1])
return qml.probs(wires=list(range(wires)))
def circuit(p1, p2=y, **kwargs):
qml.RX(p1, wires=0)
qml.RY(p2[0] * p2[1], wires=1)
qml.RX(kwargs["p3"], wires=0)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
return qml.probs(wires=0), qml.var(qml.PauliZ(1))
def circuit(x, y):
qml.RX(x, wires=[0])
qml.RY(y, wires=[1])
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
return [qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0)), qml.probs(wires=[1])]
def circuit():
qml.QubitStateVector(state, wires=list(range(4)))
return qml.probs(wires=[1, 0, 3]) # <--- more than 2 wires: states_to_binary used
def func(x, y):
qml.RX(x, wires=0)
qml.RY(y, wires=1)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
return qml.probs(wires=0), qml.probs(wires=1)
def prob_circuit():
build_maxclique_ansatz(cost_h, driver_h, delta_t)(res_beta)
return qml.probs(wires=dev.wires)
def prob_circuit():
qaoa_circuit(params)
return qml.probs(wires=dev.wires)
class TestRepresentationResolver:
"""Test the RepresentationResolver class."""
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"list,element,index,list_after",
[
([1, 2, 3], 2, 1, [1, 2, 3]),
([1, 2, 2, 3], 2, 1, [1, 2, 2, 3]),
([1, 2, 3], 4, 3, [1, 2, 3, 4]),
],
)
def test_index_of_array_or_append(self, list, element, index, list_after):
"""Test the method index_of_array_or_append."""
assert RepresentationResolver.index_of_array_or_append(element, list) == index
assert list == list_after
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"par,expected",
[
(3, "3"),
(5.236422, "5.24"),
],
)
def test_single_parameter_representation(self, unicode_representation_resolver, par, expected):
"""Test that single parameters are properly resolved."""
assert unicode_representation_resolver.single_parameter_representation(par) == expected
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"op,wire,target",
[
(qml.PauliX(wires=[1]), 1, "X"),
(qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]), 1, "X"),
(qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 1, "X"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 2, "C"),
(qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 1, "SWAP"),
(qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 2, "SWAP"),
(qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.PauliY(wires=[1]), 1, "Y"),
(qml.PauliZ(wires=[1]), 1, "Z"),
(qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1]), 1, "Z"),
(qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.Identity(wires=[1]), 1, "I"),
(qml.Hadamard(wires=[1]), 1, "H"),
(qml.PauliRot(3.14, "XX", wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RX(3.14)"),
(qml.PauliRot(3.14, "YZ", wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RZ(3.14)"),
(qml.PauliRot(3.14, "IXYZI", wires=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]), 0, "RI(3.14)"),
(qml.PauliRot(3.14, "IXYZI", wires=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]), 1, "RX(3.14)"),
(qml.PauliRot(3.14, "IXYZI", wires=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]), 2, "RY(3.14)"),
(qml.PauliRot(3.14, "IXYZI", wires=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]), 3, "RZ(3.14)"),
(qml.PauliRot(3.14, "IXYZI", wires=[0, 1, 2, 3, 4]), 4, "RI(3.14)"),
(qml.MultiRZ(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "RZ(3.14)"),
(qml.MultiRZ(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RZ(3.14)"),
(qml.CRX(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RX(3.14)"),
(qml.CRX(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.CRY(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RY(3.14)"),
(qml.CRY(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.CRZ(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RZ(3.14)"),
(qml.CRZ(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.CRot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "Rot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14)"),
(qml.CRot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.PhaseShift(3.14, wires=[0]), 0, "Rϕ(3.14)"),
(qml.Beamsplitter(1, 2, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "BS(1, 2)"),
(qml.Beamsplitter(1, 2, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "BS(1, 2)"),
(qml.Squeezing(1, 2, wires=[1]), 1, "S(1, 2)"),
(qml.TwoModeSqueezing(1, 2, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "S(1, 2)"),
(qml.TwoModeSqueezing(1, 2, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "S(1, 2)"),
(qml.Displacement(1, 2, wires=[1]), 1, "D(1, 2)"),
(qml.NumberOperator(wires=[1]), 1, "n"),
(qml.Rotation(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "R(3.14)"),
(qml.ControlledAddition(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "X(3.14)"),
(qml.ControlledAddition(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.ControlledPhase(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "Z(3.14)"),
(qml.ControlledPhase(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.ThermalState(3, wires=[1]), 1, "Thermal(3)"),
(
qml.GaussianState(np.array([[2, 0], [0, 2]]), np.array([1, 2]), wires=[1]),
1,
"Gaussian(M0,M1)",
),
(qml.QuadraticPhase(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "P(3.14)"),
(qml.RX(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "RX(3.14)"),
(qml.S(wires=[2]), 2, "S"),
(qml.T(wires=[2]), 2, "T"),
(qml.RX(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "RX(3.14)"),
(qml.RY(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "RY(3.14)"),
(qml.RZ(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "RZ(3.14)"),
(qml.Rot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, wires=[1]), 1, "Rot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14)"),
(qml.U1(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "U1(3.14)"),
(qml.U2(3.14, 2.14, wires=[1]), 1, "U2(3.14, 2.14)"),
(qml.U3(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, wires=[1]), 1, "U3(3.14, 2.14, 1.14)"),
(qml.BasisState(np.array([0, 1, 0]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 1, "|0⟩"),
(qml.BasisState(np.array([0, 1, 0]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 2, "|1⟩"),
(qml.BasisState(np.array([0, 1, 0]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 3, "|0⟩"),
(qml.QubitStateVector(np.array([0, 1, 0, 0]), wires=[1, 2]), 1, "QubitStateVector(M0)"),
(qml.QubitStateVector(np.array([0, 1, 0, 0]), wires=[1, 2]), 2, "QubitStateVector(M0)"),
(qml.QubitUnitary(np.eye(2), wires=[1]), 1, "U0"),
(qml.QubitUnitary(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2]), 2, "U0"),
(qml.Kerr(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "Kerr(3.14)"),
(qml.CrossKerr(3.14, wires=[1, 2]), 1, "CrossKerr(3.14)"),
(qml.CrossKerr(3.14, wires=[1, 2]), 2, "CrossKerr(3.14)"),
(qml.CubicPhase(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "V(3.14)"),
(qml.Interferometer(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 3]), 1, "Interferometer(M0)"),
(qml.Interferometer(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 3]), 3, "Interferometer(M0)"),
(qml.CatState(3.14, 2.14, 1, wires=[1]), 1, "CatState(3.14, 2.14, 1)"),
(qml.CoherentState(3.14, 2.14, wires=[1]), 1, "CoherentState(3.14, 2.14)"),
(
qml.FockDensityMatrix(np.kron(np.eye(4), np.eye(4)), wires=[1, 2]),
1,
"FockDensityMatrix(M0)",
),
(
qml.FockDensityMatrix(np.kron(np.eye(4), np.eye(4)), wires=[1, 2]),
2,
"FockDensityMatrix(M0)",
),
(
qml.DisplacedSqueezedState(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, 0.14, wires=[1]),
1,
"DisplacedSqueezedState(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, 0.14)",
),
(qml.FockState(7, wires=[1]), 1, "|7⟩"),
(qml.FockStateVector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 1, "|4⟩"),
(qml.FockStateVector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 2, "|5⟩"),
(qml.FockStateVector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 3, "|7⟩"),
(qml.SqueezedState(3.14, 2.14, wires=[1]), 1, "SqueezedState(3.14, 2.14)"),
(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2]), 1, "H0"),
(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2]), 2, "H0"),
(qml.X(wires=[1]), 1, "x"),
(qml.P(wires=[1]), 1, "p"),
(qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 1, "|4,5,7╳4,5,7|"),
(
qml.PolyXP(np.array([1, 2, 0, -1.3, 6]), wires=[1]),
2,
"1+2x₀-1.3x₁+6p₁",
),
(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array([[1.2, 2.3, 4.5], [-1.2, 1.2, -1.5], [-1.3, 4.5, 2.3]]), wires=[1]
),
1,
"1.2+1.1x₀+3.2p₀+1.2x₀²+2.3p₀²+3x₀p₀",
),
(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array(
[
[1.2, 2.3, 4.5, 0, 0],
[-1.2, 1.2, -1.5, 0, 0],
[-1.3, 4.5, 2.3, 0, 0],
[0, 2.6, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, -4.7, -1.0],
]
),
wires=[1],
),
1,
"1.2+1.1x₀+3.2p₀+1.2x₀²+2.3p₀²+3x₀p₀+2.6x₀x₁-p₁²-4.7x₁p₁",
),
(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p"),
(qml.PauliX(wires=[1]).inv(), 1, "X⁻¹"),
(qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]).inv(), 1, "X⁻¹"),
(qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]).inv(), 0, "C"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]).inv(), 1, "X⁻¹"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]).inv(), 0, "C"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]).inv(), 2, "C"),
(qml.measure.sample(wires=[0, 1]), 0, "basis"), # not providing an observable in
(qml.measure.sample(wires=[0, 1]), 1, "basis"), # sample gets displayed as raw
],
)
def test_operator_representation_unicode(
self, unicode_representation_resolver, op, wire, target
):
"""Test that an Operator instance is properly resolved."""
assert unicode_representation_resolver.operator_representation(op, wire) == target
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"op,wire,target",
[
(qml.PauliX(wires=[1]), 1, "X"),
(qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]), 1, "X"),
(qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 1, "X"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 2, "C"),
(qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 1, "SWAP"),
(qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 2, "SWAP"),
(qml.CSWAP(wires=[0, 2, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.PauliY(wires=[1]), 1, "Y"),
(qml.PauliZ(wires=[1]), 1, "Z"),
(qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1]), 1, "Z"),
(qml.CZ(wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.Identity(wires=[1]), 1, "I"),
(qml.Hadamard(wires=[1]), 1, "H"),
(qml.CRX(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RX(3.14)"),
(qml.CRX(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.CRY(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RY(3.14)"),
(qml.CRY(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.CRZ(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "RZ(3.14)"),
(qml.CRZ(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.CRot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "Rot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14)"),
(qml.CRot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.PhaseShift(3.14, wires=[0]), 0, "Rϕ(3.14)"),
(qml.Beamsplitter(1, 2, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "BS(1, 2)"),
(qml.Beamsplitter(1, 2, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "BS(1, 2)"),
(qml.Squeezing(1, 2, wires=[1]), 1, "S(1, 2)"),
(qml.TwoModeSqueezing(1, 2, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "S(1, 2)"),
(qml.TwoModeSqueezing(1, 2, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "S(1, 2)"),
(qml.Displacement(1, 2, wires=[1]), 1, "D(1, 2)"),
(qml.NumberOperator(wires=[1]), 1, "n"),
(qml.Rotation(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "R(3.14)"),
(qml.ControlledAddition(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "X(3.14)"),
(qml.ControlledAddition(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.ControlledPhase(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 1, "Z(3.14)"),
(qml.ControlledPhase(3.14, wires=[0, 1]), 0, "C"),
(qml.ThermalState(3, wires=[1]), 1, "Thermal(3)"),
(
qml.GaussianState(np.array([[2, 0], [0, 2]]), np.array([1, 2]), wires=[1]),
1,
"Gaussian(M0,M1)",
),
(qml.QuadraticPhase(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "P(3.14)"),
(qml.RX(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "RX(3.14)"),
(qml.S(wires=[2]), 2, "S"),
(qml.T(wires=[2]), 2, "T"),
(qml.RX(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "RX(3.14)"),
(qml.RY(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "RY(3.14)"),
(qml.RZ(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "RZ(3.14)"),
(qml.Rot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, wires=[1]), 1, "Rot(3.14, 2.14, 1.14)"),
(qml.U1(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "U1(3.14)"),
(qml.U2(3.14, 2.14, wires=[1]), 1, "U2(3.14, 2.14)"),
(qml.U3(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, wires=[1]), 1, "U3(3.14, 2.14, 1.14)"),
(qml.BasisState(np.array([0, 1, 0]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 1, "|0>"),
(qml.BasisState(np.array([0, 1, 0]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 2, "|1>"),
(qml.BasisState(np.array([0, 1, 0]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 3, "|0>"),
(qml.QubitStateVector(np.array([0, 1, 0, 0]), wires=[1, 2]), 1, "QubitStateVector(M0)"),
(qml.QubitStateVector(np.array([0, 1, 0, 0]), wires=[1, 2]), 2, "QubitStateVector(M0)"),
(qml.QubitUnitary(np.eye(2), wires=[1]), 1, "U0"),
(qml.QubitUnitary(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2]), 2, "U0"),
(qml.Kerr(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "Kerr(3.14)"),
(qml.CrossKerr(3.14, wires=[1, 2]), 1, "CrossKerr(3.14)"),
(qml.CrossKerr(3.14, wires=[1, 2]), 2, "CrossKerr(3.14)"),
(qml.CubicPhase(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "V(3.14)"),
(qml.Interferometer(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 3]), 1, "Interferometer(M0)"),
(qml.Interferometer(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 3]), 3, "Interferometer(M0)"),
(qml.CatState(3.14, 2.14, 1, wires=[1]), 1, "CatState(3.14, 2.14, 1)"),
(qml.CoherentState(3.14, 2.14, wires=[1]), 1, "CoherentState(3.14, 2.14)"),
(
qml.FockDensityMatrix(np.kron(np.eye(4), np.eye(4)), wires=[1, 2]),
1,
"FockDensityMatrix(M0)",
),
(
qml.FockDensityMatrix(np.kron(np.eye(4), np.eye(4)), wires=[1, 2]),
2,
"FockDensityMatrix(M0)",
),
(
qml.DisplacedSqueezedState(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, 0.14, wires=[1]),
1,
"DisplacedSqueezedState(3.14, 2.14, 1.14, 0.14)",
),
(qml.FockState(7, wires=[1]), 1, "|7>"),
(qml.FockStateVector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 1, "|4>"),
(qml.FockStateVector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 2, "|5>"),
(qml.FockStateVector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 3, "|7>"),
(qml.SqueezedState(3.14, 2.14, wires=[1]), 1, "SqueezedState(3.14, 2.14)"),
(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2]), 1, "H0"),
(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2]), 2, "H0"),
(qml.X(wires=[1]), 1, "x"),
(qml.P(wires=[1]), 1, "p"),
(qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]), 1, "|4,5,7X4,5,7|"),
(
qml.PolyXP(np.array([1, 2, 0, -1.3, 6]), wires=[1]),
2,
"1+2x_0-1.3x_1+6p_1",
),
(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array([[1.2, 2.3, 4.5], [-1.2, 1.2, -1.5], [-1.3, 4.5, 2.3]]), wires=[1]
),
1,
"1.2+1.1x_0+3.2p_0+1.2x_0^2+2.3p_0^2+3x_0p_0",
),
(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array(
[
[1.2, 2.3, 4.5, 0, 0],
[-1.2, 1.2, -1.5, 0, 0],
[-1.3, 4.5, 2.3, 0, 0],
[0, 2.6, 0, 0, 0],
[0, 0, 0, -4.7, 0],
]
),
wires=[1],
),
1,
"1.2+1.1x_0+3.2p_0+1.2x_0^2+2.3p_0^2+3x_0p_0+2.6x_0x_1-4.7x_1p_1",
),
(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p"),
(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1]), 1, "cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p"),
(qml.PauliX(wires=[1]).inv(), 1, "X^-1"),
(qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]).inv(), 1, "X^-1"),
(qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1]).inv(), 0, "C"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]).inv(), 1, "X^-1"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]).inv(), 0, "C"),
(qml.Toffoli(wires=[0, 2, 1]).inv(), 2, "C"),
(qml.measure.sample(wires=[0, 1]), 0, "basis"), # not providing an observable in
(qml.measure.sample(wires=[0, 1]), 1, "basis"), # sample gets displayed as raw
],
)
def test_operator_representation_ascii(self, ascii_representation_resolver, op, wire, target):
"""Test that an Operator instance is properly resolved."""
assert ascii_representation_resolver.operator_representation(op, wire) == target
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"obs,wire,target",
[
(qml.expval(qml.PauliX(wires=[1])), 1, "⟨X⟩"),
(qml.expval(qml.PauliY(wires=[1])), 1, "⟨Y⟩"),
(qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(wires=[1])), 1, "⟨Z⟩"),
(qml.expval(qml.Hadamard(wires=[1])), 1, "⟨H⟩"),
(qml.expval(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 1, "⟨H0⟩"),
(qml.expval(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 2, "⟨H0⟩"),
(qml.expval(qml.NumberOperator(wires=[1])), 1, "⟨n⟩"),
(qml.expval(qml.X(wires=[1])), 1, "⟨x⟩"),
(qml.expval(qml.P(wires=[1])), 1, "⟨p⟩"),
(
qml.expval(qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3])),
1,
"⟨|4,5,7╳4,5,7|⟩",
),
(
qml.expval(qml.PolyXP(np.array([1, 2, 0, -1.3, 6]), wires=[1])),
2,
"⟨1+2x₀-1.3x₁+6p₁⟩",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array([[1.2, 2.3, 4.5], [-1.2, 1.2, -1.5], [-1.3, 4.5, 2.3]]), wires=[1]
)
),
1,
"⟨1.2+1.1x₀+3.2p₀+1.2x₀²+2.3p₀²+3x₀p₀⟩",
),
(qml.expval(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1])), 1, "⟨cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p⟩"),
(qml.var(qml.PauliX(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[X]"),
(qml.var(qml.PauliY(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[Y]"),
(qml.var(qml.PauliZ(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[Z]"),
(qml.var(qml.Hadamard(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[H]"),
(qml.var(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 1, "Var[H0]"),
(qml.var(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 2, "Var[H0]"),
(qml.var(qml.NumberOperator(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[n]"),
(qml.var(qml.X(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[x]"),
(qml.var(qml.P(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[p]"),
(
qml.var(qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3])),
1,
"Var[|4,5,7╳4,5,7|]",
),
(
qml.var(qml.PolyXP(np.array([1, 2, 0, -1.3, 6]), wires=[1])),
2,
"Var[1+2x₀-1.3x₁+6p₁]",
),
(
qml.var(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array([[1.2, 2.3, 4.5], [-1.2, 1.2, -1.5], [-1.3, 4.5, 2.3]]), wires=[1]
)
),
1,
"Var[1.2+1.1x₀+3.2p₀+1.2x₀²+2.3p₀²+3x₀p₀]",
),
(qml.var(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1])), 1, "Var[cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p]"),
(qml.sample(qml.PauliX(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[X]"),
(qml.sample(qml.PauliY(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[Y]"),
(qml.sample(qml.PauliZ(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[Z]"),
(qml.sample(qml.Hadamard(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[H]"),
(qml.sample(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 1, "Sample[H0]"),
(qml.sample(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 2, "Sample[H0]"),
(qml.sample(qml.NumberOperator(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[n]"),
(qml.sample(qml.X(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[x]"),
(qml.sample(qml.P(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[p]"),
(
qml.sample(qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3])),
1,
"Sample[|4,5,7╳4,5,7|]",
),
(
qml.sample(qml.PolyXP(np.array([1, 2, 0, -1.3, 6]), wires=[1])),
2,
"Sample[1+2x₀-1.3x₁+6p₁]",
),
(
qml.sample(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array([[1.2, 2.3, 4.5], [-1.2, 1.2, -1.5], [-1.3, 4.5, 2.3]]), wires=[1]
)
),
1,
"Sample[1.2+1.1x₀+3.2p₀+1.2x₀²+2.3p₀²+3x₀p₀]",
),
(qml.sample(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p]"),
(
qml.expval(qml.PauliX(wires=[1]) @ qml.PauliY(wires=[2]) @ qml.PauliZ(wires=[3])),
1,
"⟨X ⊗ Y ⊗ Z⟩",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]) @ qml.X(wires=[4])
),
1,
"⟨|4,5,7╳4,5,7| ⊗ x⟩",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]) @ qml.X(wires=[4])
),
2,
"⟨|4,5,7╳4,5,7| ⊗ x⟩",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]) @ qml.X(wires=[4])
),
3,
"⟨|4,5,7╳4,5,7| ⊗ x⟩",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]) @ qml.X(wires=[4])
),
4,
"⟨|4,5,7╳4,5,7| ⊗ x⟩",
),
(
qml.sample(
qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2]) @ qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[0, 3])
),
0,
"Sample[H0 ⊗ H0]",
),
(
qml.sample(
qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])
@ qml.Hermitian(2 * np.eye(4), wires=[0, 3])
),
0,
"Sample[H0 ⊗ H1]",
),
(qml.probs([0]), 0, "Probs"),
(state(), 0, "State"),
],
)
def test_output_representation_unicode(
self, unicode_representation_resolver, obs, wire, target
):
"""Test that an Observable instance with return type is properly resolved."""
assert unicode_representation_resolver.output_representation(obs, wire) == target
def test_fallback_output_representation_unicode(self, unicode_representation_resolver):
"""Test that an Observable instance with return type is properly resolved."""
obs = qml.PauliZ(0)
obs.return_type = "TestReturnType"
assert unicode_representation_resolver.output_representation(obs, 0) == "TestReturnType[Z]"
@pytest.mark.parametrize(
"obs,wire,target",
[
(qml.expval(qml.PauliX(wires=[1])), 1, "<X>"),
(qml.expval(qml.PauliY(wires=[1])), 1, "<Y>"),
(qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(wires=[1])), 1, "<Z>"),
(qml.expval(qml.Hadamard(wires=[1])), 1, "<H>"),
(qml.expval(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 1, "<H0>"),
(qml.expval(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 2, "<H0>"),
(qml.expval(qml.NumberOperator(wires=[1])), 1, "<n>"),
(qml.expval(qml.X(wires=[1])), 1, "<x>"),
(qml.expval(qml.P(wires=[1])), 1, "<p>"),
(
qml.expval(qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3])),
1,
"<|4,5,7X4,5,7|>",
),
(
qml.expval(qml.PolyXP(np.array([1, 2, 0, -1.3, 6]), wires=[1])),
2,
"<1+2x_0-1.3x_1+6p_1>",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array([[1.2, 2.3, 4.5], [-1.2, 1.2, -1.5], [-1.3, 4.5, 2.3]]), wires=[1]
)
),
1,
"<1.2+1.1x_0+3.2p_0+1.2x_0^2+2.3p_0^2+3x_0p_0>",
),
(qml.expval(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1])), 1, "<cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p>"),
(qml.var(qml.PauliX(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[X]"),
(qml.var(qml.PauliY(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[Y]"),
(qml.var(qml.PauliZ(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[Z]"),
(qml.var(qml.Hadamard(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[H]"),
(qml.var(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 1, "Var[H0]"),
(qml.var(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 2, "Var[H0]"),
(qml.var(qml.NumberOperator(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[n]"),
(qml.var(qml.X(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[x]"),
(qml.var(qml.P(wires=[1])), 1, "Var[p]"),
(
qml.var(qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3])),
1,
"Var[|4,5,7X4,5,7|]",
),
(
qml.var(qml.PolyXP(np.array([1, 2, 0, -1.3, 6]), wires=[1])),
2,
"Var[1+2x_0-1.3x_1+6p_1]",
),
(
qml.var(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array([[1.2, 2.3, 4.5], [-1.2, 1.2, -1.5], [-1.3, 4.5, 2.3]]), wires=[1]
)
),
1,
"Var[1.2+1.1x_0+3.2p_0+1.2x_0^2+2.3p_0^2+3x_0p_0]",
),
(qml.var(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1])), 1, "Var[cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p]"),
(qml.sample(qml.PauliX(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[X]"),
(qml.sample(qml.PauliY(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[Y]"),
(qml.sample(qml.PauliZ(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[Z]"),
(qml.sample(qml.Hadamard(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[H]"),
(qml.sample(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 1, "Sample[H0]"),
(qml.sample(qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])), 2, "Sample[H0]"),
(qml.sample(qml.NumberOperator(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[n]"),
(qml.sample(qml.X(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[x]"),
(qml.sample(qml.P(wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[p]"),
(
qml.sample(qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3])),
1,
"Sample[|4,5,7X4,5,7|]",
),
(
qml.sample(qml.PolyXP(np.array([1, 2, 0, -1.3, 6]), wires=[1])),
2,
"Sample[1+2x_0-1.3x_1+6p_1]",
),
(
qml.sample(
qml.PolyXP(
np.array([[1.2, 2.3, 4.5], [-1.2, 1.2, -1.5], [-1.3, 4.5, 2.3]]), wires=[1]
)
),
1,
"Sample[1.2+1.1x_0+3.2p_0+1.2x_0^2+2.3p_0^2+3x_0p_0]",
),
(qml.sample(qml.QuadOperator(3.14, wires=[1])), 1, "Sample[cos(3.14)x+sin(3.14)p]"),
(
qml.expval(qml.PauliX(wires=[1]) @ qml.PauliY(wires=[2]) @ qml.PauliZ(wires=[3])),
1,
"<X @ Y @ Z>",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]) @ qml.X(wires=[4])
),
1,
"<|4,5,7X4,5,7| @ x>",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]) @ qml.X(wires=[4])
),
2,
"<|4,5,7X4,5,7| @ x>",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]) @ qml.X(wires=[4])
),
3,
"<|4,5,7X4,5,7| @ x>",
),
(
qml.expval(
qml.FockStateProjector(np.array([4, 5, 7]), wires=[1, 2, 3]) @ qml.X(wires=[4])
),
4,
"<|4,5,7X4,5,7| @ x>",
),
(
qml.sample(
qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2]) @ qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[0, 3])
),
0,
"Sample[H0 @ H0]",
),
(
qml.sample(
qml.Hermitian(np.eye(4), wires=[1, 2])
@ qml.Hermitian(2 * np.eye(4), wires=[0, 3])
),
0,
"Sample[H0 @ H1]",
),
(qml.probs([0]), 0, "Probs"),
(state(), 0, "State"),
],
)
def test_output_representation_ascii(self, ascii_representation_resolver, obs, wire, target):
"""Test that an Observable instance with return type is properly resolved."""
assert ascii_representation_resolver.output_representation(obs, wire) == target
def test_element_representation_none(self, unicode_representation_resolver):
"""Test that element_representation properly handles None."""
assert unicode_representation_resolver.element_representation(None, 0) == ""
def test_element_representation_str(self, unicode_representation_resolver):
"""Test that element_representation properly handles strings."""
assert unicode_representation_resolver.element_representation("Test", 0) == "Test"
def test_element_representation_calls_output(self, unicode_representation_resolver):
"""Test that element_representation calls output_representation for returned observables."""
unicode_representation_resolver.output_representation = Mock()
obs = qml.sample(qml.PauliX(3))
wire = 3
unicode_representation_resolver.element_representation(obs, wire)
assert unicode_representation_resolver.output_representation.call_args[0] == (obs, wire)
def test_element_representation_calls_operator(self, unicode_representation_resolver):
"""Test that element_representation calls operator_representation for all operators that are not returned."""
unicode_representation_resolver.operator_representation = Mock()
op = qml.PauliX(3)
wire = 3
unicode_representation_resolver.element_representation(op, wire)
assert unicode_representation_resolver.operator_representation.call_args[0] == (op, wire)
def circuit(t):
qml.ApproxTimeEvolution(H, t, 2)
return qml.probs(wires=0)
def circuit():
qml.RY(np.pi/2, wires=[wire_idx1 + 1])
qml.RY(np.pi, wires=[wire_idx2 + 0])
qml.CNOT(wires=[wire_idx1 + 1, wire_idx2 + 0])
qml.CNOT(wires=[wire_idx1 + 1, wire_idx2 + 0])
return qml.probs(range(num_wires))
def qfunc():
qml.PauliX(0)
qml.PauliX(5)
qml.Toffoli(wires=[5, 1, 0])
return [qml.expval(qml.PauliY(0)), qml.probs(wires=[1, 2, 4])]
def circuit(weights):
qml.templates.StronglyEntanglingLayers(weights, wires=[0, 1, 2])
return qml.probs(wires=[0, 1])
def circuit():
qml.PauliX(wires=0)
return qml.probs(op=qml.Hermitian(hermitian, wires=0), wires=1)
def circuit():
qml.BasisState(basis_state, wires=range(n_wires))
return qml.probs(wires=range(n_wires))
def circuit():
qml.QubitStateVector(state, wires=list(range(4)))
return qml.probs(wires=[1, 3])
def circuit():
qml.QubitStateVector(rnd_state, wires=range(n_wires))
qml.Rot(a, b, c, wires=range(n_wires))
return qml.probs(wires=range(n_wires))
def circuit():
qml.Hadamard(wires=1)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
return qml.probs(wires=[0, 1])
def circuit():
qml.QubitStateVector(rnd_state, wires=range(n_wires))
qml.QubitUnitary(mat, wires=list(range(n_wires))).inv()
return qml.probs(wires=range(n_wires))
def func(x, y):
# the U2 operation is not supported on default.qubit
# and is decomposed.
qml.U2(x, y, wires=0)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
return qml.probs(wires=0)
def circuit():
qml.QubitStateVector(rnd_state, wires=range(n_wires))
op(wires=range(n_wires)).inv()
return qml.probs(wires=range(n_wires))
def circuit(x, y):
qml.RX(x, wires=[0])
qml.RY(y, wires=[1])
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
return qml.probs(wires=[0]), qml.probs(wires=[1])
def circuit(x):
qml.RZ(x, wires=0)
return qml.probs(op=qml.Hermitian(hermitian, wires=0))
def overlap(params, shifted_params):
variational_circuit(shifted_params)
qml.inv(qml.template(variational_circuit)(params))
#obs = qml.expval(qml.PauliZ(0) @ qml.PauliZ(1) @ qml.PauliZ(2))
return qml.probs([0, 1, 2])
def circuit(x, y):
qml.RZ(x, wires=0)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
qml.RY(y, wires=1)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 2])
return qml.probs(op=qml.Hermitian(hermitian, wires=0))
def circuit(a, b):
qml.RX(a, wires=0)
qml.RY(b, wires=1)
qml.CNOT(wires=[0, 1])
return qml.probs(wires=[1])
def circuit():
qml.PauliX(wires=0)
qml.PauliZ(wires=1)
return qml.probs(op=operation(0.56, wires=[0, 1]))
def circuit():
qml.PauliX(0)
return qml.probs(wires=[0])
def circuit(x, y):
qml.RX(y[0], wires=0)
qml.RY(y[0], wires=0)
qml.RZ(y[1], wires=0)
return qml.probs(wires=[0, 1])
