def xinfo(address=None):
address = address.cast(pwndbg.typeinfo.pvoid
) # Fixes issues with function ptrs (xinfo malloc)
addr = int(address)
addr &= pwndbg.arch.ptrmask
page = pwndbg.vmmap.find(addr)
if page is None:
print("\n Virtual address {:#x} is not mapped.".format(addr))
return
print("Extended information for virtual address {}:".format(M.get(addr)))
print("\n Containing mapping:")
print(M.get(address, text=str(page)))
print("\n Offset information:")
if page.is_stack:
xinfo_stack(page, addr)
else:
xinfo_default(page, addr)
if page.is_memory_mapped_file:
xinfo_mmap_file(page, addr)
def heap(addr=None):
"""
Prints out all chunks in the main_arena, or the arena specified by `addr`.
"""
main_arena = get_main_arena(addr)
if main_arena == None:
return
heap_base = get_heap_bounds()[0]
if heap_base == None:
print(red('Could not find the heap'))
return
top = main_arena['top']
last_remainder = main_arena['last_remainder']
print(bold('Top Chunk: ') + M.get(top))
print(bold('Last Remainder: ') + M.get(last_remainder))
print()
# Print out all chunks on the heap
# TODO: Add an option to print out only free or allocated chunks
addr = heap_base
while addr <= top:
chunk = malloc_chunk(addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
# Clear the bottom 3 bits
size &= ~7
addr += size
def vmmap(gdbval_or_str=None, writable=False, executable=False):
pages = pwndbg.vmmap.get()
if gdbval_or_str:
pages = list(filter(pages_filter(gdbval_or_str), pages))
if not pages:
print("There are no mappings for specified address or module.")
return
print(M.legend())
if len(pages) == 1 and isinstance(gdbval_or_str, integer_types):
page = pages[0]
print(
M.get(page.vaddr,
text=str(page) + " +0x%x" %
(int(gdbval_or_str) - page.vaddr)))
else:
for page in pages:
if (executable and not page.execute) or (writable
and not page.write):
continue
print(M.get(page.vaddr, text=str(page)))
if pwndbg.qemu.is_qemu():
print(
"\n[QEMU target detected - vmmap result might not be accurate; see `help vmmap`]"
)
def heap(addr=None):
"""
Prints out all chunks in the main_arena, or the arena specified by `addr`.
"""
main_arena = get_main_arena(addr)
if main_arena == None:
return
heap_base = get_heap_bounds()[0]
if heap_base == None:
print(red('Could not find the heap'))
return
top = main_arena['top']
last_remainder = main_arena['last_remainder']
print(bold('Top Chunk: ') + M.get(top))
print(bold('Last Remainder: ') + M.get(last_remainder))
print()
# Print out all chunks on the heap
# TODO: Add an option to print out only free or allocated chunks
addr = heap_base
while addr <= top:
chunk = malloc_chunk(addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
# Clear the bottom 3 bits
size &= ~7
if size == 0:
break
addr += size
def instruction(ins):
asm = '%-06s %s' % (ins.mnemonic, ins.op_str)
if pwndbg.config.syntax_highlight:
asm = syntax_highlight(asm)
is_branch = set(ins.groups) & capstone_branch_groups
# Highlight the current line if enabled
if pwndbg.config.highlight_pc and ins.address == pwndbg.regs.pc:
asm = C.highlight(asm)
# tl;dr is a branch?
if ins.target not in (None, ins.address + ins.size):
sym = pwndbg.symbol.get(ins.target) or None
target = M.get(ins.target)
const = ins.target_const
hextarget = hex(ins.target)
hexlen = len(hextarget)
# If it's a constant expression, color it directly in the asm.
if const:
asm = '%s <%s>' % (ljust_colored(asm, 36), target)
asm = asm.replace(hex(ins.target), sym or target)
# It's not a constant expression, but we've calculated the target
# address by emulation or other means (for example showing ret instruction target)
elif sym:
asm = '%s <%s; %s>' % (ljust_colored(asm, 36), target, sym)
# We were able to calculate the target, but there is no symbol
# name for it.
else:
asm += '<%s>' % (target)
# not a branch
elif ins.symbol:
if is_branch and not ins.target:
asm = '%s <%s>' % (asm, ins.symbol)
# XXX: not sure when this ever happens
asm += '<-- file a pwndbg bug for this'
else:
inlined_sym = asm.replace(hex(ins.symbol_addr), ins.symbol)
# display symbol as mem text if no inline replacement was made
mem_text = ins.symbol if inlined_sym == asm else None
asm = '%s <%s>' % (ljust_colored(inlined_sym, 36), M.get(ins.symbol_addr, mem_text))
# Style the instruction mnemonic if it's a branch instruction.
if is_branch:
asm = asm.replace(ins.mnemonic, branch(ins.mnemonic), 1)
# If we know the conditional is taken, mark it as taken.
if ins.condition is None:
asm = ' ' + asm
elif ins.condition:
asm = on('✔ ') + asm
else:
asm = ' ' + asm
return asm
def instruction(ins):
asm = '%-06s %s' % (ins.mnemonic, ins.op_str)
# TODO: detect 'arm', 'x86,64' is only for Intel x86/64
_highlighted, asm = pwndbg.color.syntax_highlight(asm, language='ARM')
is_branch = set(ins.groups) & capstone_branch_groups
# Highlight the current line if enabled
if pwndbg.config.highlight_pc and ins.address == pwndbg.regs.pc:
asm = C.highlight(asm)
# tl;dr is a branch?
if ins.target not in (None, ins.address + ins.size):
sym = pwndbg.symbol.get(ins.target) or None
target = M.get(ins.target)
const = ins.target_const
hextarget = hex(ins.target)
hexlen = len(hextarget)
# If it's a constant expression, color it directly in the asm.
if const:
asm = asm.replace(hex(ins.target), sym or target)
if sym:
asm = '%s <%s>' % (ljust_colored(asm, 36), target)
# It's not a constant expression, but we've calculated the target
# address by emulation.
elif sym:
asm = '%s <%s; %s>' % (ljust_colored(asm, 36), target, sym)
# We were able to calculate the target, but there is no symbol
# name for it.
else:
asm += '<%s>' % (target)
# not a branch
elif ins.symbol:
if is_branch and not ins.target:
asm = '%s <%s>' % (asm, ins.symbol)
# XXX: not sure when this ever happens
asm += '<-- file a pwndbg bug for this'
else:
asm = asm.replace(hex(ins.symbol_addr), ins.symbol)
asm = '%s <%s>' % (ljust_colored(asm, 36), M.get(ins.symbol_addr))
# Style the instruction mnemonic if it's a branch instruction.
if is_branch:
asm = asm.replace(ins.mnemonic, branch(ins.mnemonic), 1)
# If we know the conditional is taken, mark it as green.
if ins.condition is None:
asm = ' ' + asm
elif ins.condition:
asm = green('✔ ') + asm
else:
asm = ' ' + asm
return asm
def probeleak(address=None, count=0x40, max_distance=0x0):
address = int(address)
address &= pwndbg.arch.ptrmask
ptrsize = pwndbg.arch.ptrsize
count = max(int(count), ptrsize)
off_zeros = int(math.ceil(math.log(count, 2) / 4))
if count > address > 0x10000: # in case someone puts in an end address and not a count (smh)
print(
message.warn(
"Warning: you gave an end address, not a count. Substracting 0x%x from the count."
% (address)))
count -= address
try:
data = pwndbg.memory.read(address, count, partial=True)
except gdb.error as e:
print(message.error(str(e)))
return
if not data:
print(
message.error(
"Couldn't read memory at 0x%x. See 'probeleak -h' for the usage."
% (address, )))
return
found = False
for i in range(0, len(data) - ptrsize + 1):
p = pwndbg.arch.unpack(data[i:i + ptrsize])
page = find_module(p, max_distance)
if page:
if not found:
print(M.legend())
found = True
mod_name = page.objfile
if not mod_name:
mod_name = '[anon]'
if p >= page.end:
right_text = '(%s) %s + 0x%x + 0x%x (outside of the page)' % (
page.permstr, mod_name, page.memsz, p - page.end)
elif p < page.start:
right_text = '(%s) %s - 0x%x (outside of the page)' % (
page.permstr, mod_name, page.start - p)
else:
right_text = '(%s) %s + 0x%x' % (page.permstr, mod_name,
p - page.start)
offset_text = '0x%0*x' % (off_zeros, i)
p_text = '0x%0*x' % (int(ptrsize * 2), p)
print('%s: %s = %s' % (offset_text, M.get(
p, text=p_text), M.get(p, text=right_text)))
if not found:
print(
message.hint('No leaks found at 0x%x-0x%x :(' %
(address, address + count)))
def print_line(name, addr, first, second, op, width=20):
print("{} {} = {} {} {:#x}".format(
name.rjust(width),
M.get(addr),
M.get(first) if not isinstance(first, str) else first.ljust(
len(hex(addr).rstrip('L'))),
op,
second,
))
def probeleak(address=None, count=0x40, max_distance=0x0):
address = int(address)
address &= pwndbg.arch.ptrmask
ptrsize = pwndbg.arch.ptrsize
count = max(int(count), ptrsize)
off_zeros = int(math.ceil(math.log(count,2)/4))
if count > address > 0x10000: # in case someone puts in an end address and not a count (smh)
print(message.warn("Warning: you gave an end address, not a count. Substracting 0x%x from the count." % (address)))
count -= address
try:
data = pwndbg.memory.read(address, count, partial=True)
except gdb.error as e:
print(message.error(str(e)))
return
if not data:
print(message.error("Couldn't read memory at 0x%x. See 'probeleak -h' for the usage." % (address,)))
return
found = False
for i in range(0, len(data) - ptrsize + 1):
p = pwndbg.arch.unpack(data[i:i+ptrsize])
page = find_module(p, max_distance)
if page:
if not found:
print(M.legend())
found = True
mod_name = page.objfile
if not mod_name:
mod_name = '[anon]'
if p >= page.end:
right_text = '(%s) %s + 0x%x + 0x%x (outside of the page)' % (page.permstr, mod_name, page.memsz, p - page.end)
elif p < page.start:
right_text = '(%s) %s - 0x%x (outside of the page)' % (page.permstr, mod_name, page.start - p)
else:
right_text = '(%s) %s + 0x%x' % (page.permstr, mod_name, p - page.start)
offset_text = '0x%0*x' % (off_zeros, i)
p_text = '0x%0*x' % (int(ptrsize*2), p)
text = '%s: %s = %s' % (offset_text, M.get(p, text=p_text), M.get(p, text=right_text))
symbol = pwndbg.symbol.get(p)
if symbol:
text += ' (%s)' % symbol
print(text)
if not found:
print(message.hint('No leaks found at 0x%x-0x%x :(' % (address, address+count)))
def malloc_chunk(addr):
"""
Prints out the malloc_chunk at the specified address.
"""
main_heap = pwndbg.heap.current
if not isinstance(addr, six.integer_types):
addr = int(addr)
chunk = value_from_type('struct malloc_chunk', addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
actual_size = size & ~7
prev_inuse, is_mmapped, non_main_arena = main_heap.chunk_flags(size)
arena = None
if non_main_arena:
arena = main_heap.get_heap(addr)['ar_ptr']
fastbins = main_heap.fastbins(arena)
header = M.get(addr)
if prev_inuse:
if actual_size in fastbins:
header += yellow(' FASTBIN')
else:
header += yellow(' PREV_INUSE')
if is_mmapped:
header += yellow(' IS_MMAPED')
if non_main_arena:
header += yellow(' NON_MAIN_ARENA')
print(header, chunk)
return chunk
def malloc_chunk(addr, fake=False):
"""
Prints out the malloc_chunk at the specified address.
"""
main_heap = pwndbg.heap.current
if not isinstance(addr, six.integer_types):
addr = int(addr)
chunk = read_chunk(addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
actual_size = size & ~7
prev_inuse, is_mmapped, non_main_arena = main_heap.chunk_flags(size)
arena = None
if not fake and non_main_arena:
arena = main_heap.get_heap(addr)['ar_ptr']
fastbins = [] if fake else main_heap.fastbins(arena)
header = M.get(addr)
if fake:
header += message.prompt(' FAKE')
if prev_inuse:
if actual_size in fastbins:
header += message.hint(' FASTBIN')
else:
header += message.hint(' PREV_INUSE')
if is_mmapped:
header += message.hint(' IS_MMAPED')
if non_main_arena:
header += message.hint(' NON_MAIN_ARENA')
print(header, chunk["value"])
return chunk
def format(value,
limit=LIMIT,
code=True,
offset=0,
hard_stop=None,
hard_end=0):
"""
Recursively dereferences an address into string representation, or convert the list representation
of address dereferences into string representation.
Arguments:
value(int|list): Either the starting address to be sent to get, or the result of get (a list)
limit(int): Number of valid pointers
code(bool): Hint that indicates the value may be an instruction
offset(int): Offset into the address to get the next pointer
hard_stop(int): Value to stop on
hard_end: Value to append when hard_stop is reached: null, value of hard stop, a string.
Returns:
A string representing pointers of each address and reference
Strings format: 0x0804a10 —▸ 0x08061000 ◂— 0x41414141
"""
limit = int(limit) + 1
# Allow results from get function to be passed to format
if type(value) == list:
chain = value
else:
chain = get(value, limit, offset, hard_stop, hard_end)
arrow_left = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_left)
arrow_right = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_right)
# Enhance the last entry
# If there are no pointers (e.g. eax = 0x41414141), then enhance
# the only element there is.
if len(chain) == 1:
enhanced = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(chain[-1], code=code)
# Otherwise, the last element in the chain is the non-pointer value.
# We want to enhance the last pointer value. If an offset was used
# chain failed at that offset, so display that offset.
elif len(chain) < limit:
enhanced = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(chain[-2] + offset, code=code)
else:
enhanced = C.contiguous('%s' % config_contiguous)
# Colorize the rest
rest = []
for link in chain[:-1]:
symbol = pwndbg.symbol.get(link) or None
if symbol:
symbol = '%#x (%s)' % (link, symbol)
rest.append(M.get(link, symbol))
if len(chain) == 1:
return enhanced
return arrow_right.join(rest) + arrow_left + enhanced
def format(value, limit=LIMIT, code=True, offset=0):
chain = get(value, limit, offset)
arrow_left = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_left)
arrow_right = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_right)
# Enhance the last entry
# If there are no pointers (e.g. eax = 0x41414141), then enhance
# the only element there is.
if len(chain) == 1:
enhanced = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(chain[-1], code=code)
# Otherwise, the last element in the chain is the non-pointer value.
# We want to enhance the last pointer value.
elif len(chain) < limit:
enhanced = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(chain[-2], code=code)
else:
enhanced = C.contiguous('%s' % config_contiguous)
# Colorize the rest
rest = []
for link in chain[:-1]:
symbol = pwndbg.symbol.get(link) or None
if symbol:
symbol = '%#x (%s)' % (link, symbol)
rest.append(M.get(link, symbol))
if len(chain) == 1:
return enhanced
return arrow_right.join(rest) + arrow_left + enhanced
def xinfo_mmap_file(page, addr):
# If it's an address pointing into a memory mapped file, print offsets
# to beginning of file in memory and on disk
file_name = page.objfile
objpages = filter(lambda p: p.objfile == file_name, pwndbg.vmmap.get())
first = sorted(objpages, key = lambda p: p.vaddr)[0]
# print offset from ELF base load address
rva = addr - first.vaddr
print_line("File (Base)", addr, first.vaddr, rva, "+")
# find possible LOAD segments that designate memory and file backings
containing_loads = [seg for seg in pwndbg.elf.get_containing_segments(file_name, first.vaddr, addr)
if seg['p_type'] == 'PT_LOAD']
for segment in containing_loads:
if segment['p_type'] == 'PT_LOAD' and addr < segment['x_vaddr_mem_end']:
offset = addr - segment['p_vaddr']
print_line('File (Segment)', addr, segment['p_vaddr'], offset, '+')
break
for segment in containing_loads:
if segment['p_type'] == 'PT_LOAD' and addr < segment['x_vaddr_file_end']:
file_offset = segment['p_offset'] + (addr - segment['p_vaddr'])
print_line("File (Disk)", addr, file_name, file_offset, "+")
break
else:
print('{} {} = [not file backed]'.format('File (Disk)'.rjust(20), M.get(addr)))
containing_sections = pwndbg.elf.get_containing_sections(file_name, first.vaddr, addr)
if len(containing_sections) > 0:
print('\n Containing ELF sections:')
for sec in containing_sections:
print_line(sec['x_name'], addr, sec['sh_addr'], addr - sec['sh_addr'], '+')
def xinfo_mmap_file(page, addr):
# If it's an address pointing into a memory mapped file, print offsets
# to beginning of file in memory and on disk
file_name = page.objfile
objpages = filter(lambda p: p.objfile == file_name, pwndbg.vmmap.get())
first = sorted(objpages, key = lambda p: p.vaddr)[0]
# print offset from ELF base load address
rva = addr - first.vaddr
print_line("File (Base)", addr, first.vaddr, rva, "+")
# find possible LOAD segments that designate memory and file backings
containing_loads = [seg for seg in pwndbg.elf.get_containing_segments(file_name, first.vaddr, addr)
if seg['p_type'] == 'PT_LOAD']
for segment in containing_loads:
if segment['p_type'] == 'PT_LOAD' and addr < segment['x_vaddr_mem_end']:
offset = addr - segment['p_vaddr']
print_line('File (Segment)', addr, segment['p_vaddr'], offset, '+')
break
for segment in containing_loads:
if segment['p_type'] == 'PT_LOAD' and addr < segment['x_vaddr_file_end']:
file_offset = segment['p_offset'] + (addr - segment['p_vaddr'])
print_line("File (Disk)", addr, file_name, file_offset, "+")
break
else:
print('{} {} = [not file backed]'.format('File (Disk)'.rjust(20), M.get(addr)))
containing_sections = pwndbg.elf.get_containing_sections(file_name, first.vaddr, addr)
if len(containing_sections) > 0:
print('\n Containing ELF sections:')
for sec in containing_sections:
print_line(sec['x_name'], addr, sec['sh_addr'], addr - sec['sh_addr'], '+')
def malloc_chunk(addr,fake=False):
"""
Prints out the malloc_chunk at the specified address.
"""
main_heap = pwndbg.heap.current
if not isinstance(addr, six.integer_types):
addr = int(addr)
chunk = read_chunk(addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
actual_size = size & ~7
prev_inuse, is_mmapped, non_main_arena = main_heap.chunk_flags(size)
arena = None
if not fake and non_main_arena:
arena = main_heap.get_heap(addr)['ar_ptr']
fastbins = [] if fake else main_heap.fastbins(arena)
header = M.get(addr)
if fake:
header += message.prompt(' FAKE')
if prev_inuse:
if actual_size in fastbins:
header += message.hint(' FASTBIN')
else:
header += message.hint(' PREV_INUSE')
if is_mmapped:
header += message.hint(' IS_MMAPED')
if non_main_arena:
header += message.hint(' NON_MAIN_ARENA')
print(header, chunk["value"])
return chunk
def format(value, limit=LIMIT, code=True, offset=0):
chain = get(value, limit, offset)
arrow_left = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_left)
arrow_right = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_right)
# Enhance the last entry
# If there are no pointers (e.g. eax = 0x41414141), then enhance
# the only element there is.
if len(chain) == 1:
enhanced = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(chain[-1], code=code)
# Otherwise, the last element in the chain is the non-pointer value.
# We want to enhance the last pointer value.
elif len(chain) < limit:
enhanced = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(chain[-2], code=code)
else:
enhanced = C.contiguous('%s' % config_contiguous)
# Colorize the rest
rest = []
for link in chain[:-1]:
symbol = pwndbg.symbol.get(link) or None
if symbol:
symbol = '%#x (%s)' % (link, symbol)
rest.append(M.get(link, symbol))
if len(chain) == 1:
return enhanced
return arrow_right.join(rest) + arrow_left + enhanced
def minfo(address=None):
pages = pwndbg.vmmap.get()
prev_end = 0
print(M.legend())
for page in pages:
if prev_end < page.vaddr:
print(short_page_str(pwndbg.memory.Page(prev_end, page.vaddr - prev_end, 0, 0, '(empty)')))
prev_end = page.vaddr + page.memsz
print(M.get(page.vaddr, text=short_page_str(page)))
def vmmap(pages_filter=None):
pages = list(filter(pages_filter, pwndbg.vmmap.get()))
if not pages:
print('There are no mappings for specified address or module.')
return
print(M.legend())
for page in pages:
print(M.get(page.vaddr, text=str(page)))
def print_chunk_detail(addr, size):
def get_type(size):
return {
4: pwndbg.typeinfo.uint32,
8: pwndbg.typeinfo.uint64,
}[size]
def enhex(size, value, fill=True):
value = value & pwndbg.arch.ptrmask
x = "%x" % abs(value)
if fill:
x = x.rjust(size * 2, '0')
return x
values = []
address = addr & pwndbg.arch.ptrmask
type = get_type(pwndbg.arch.ptrsize)
count = int((size & ~7) / pwndbg.arch.ptrsize)
for i in range(count):
try:
gval = pwndbg.memory.poi(type, address + i * pwndbg.arch.ptrsize)
values.append(int(gval))
except gdb.MemoryError:
break
n_rows = int(math.ceil(count * pwndbg.arch.ptrsize / float(16)))
row_sz = 2
rows = [values[i * row_sz:(i + 1) * row_sz] for i in range(n_rows)]
lines = []
repeat_row = None
appended = False
for i, row in enumerate(rows):
if not row:
continue
if row == repeat_row and size > 0x100 and i != len(rows) - 1:
if not appended:
lines.append('.' * 6)
appended = True
continue
if i == 0:
line = [M.get(address), ' ']
else:
line = [
'0x' +
enhex(pwndbg.arch.ptrsize, address + (i * 16), fill=False),
' '
]
for value in row:
line.append(enhex(pwndbg.arch.ptrsize, value))
lines.append(' '.join(line))
repeat_row = row
appended = False
print('\n'.join(lines))
def top_chunk(addr=None):
"""Print relevant information about an arena's top chunk, default to the
current thread's arena.
"""
allocator = pwndbg.heap.current
arena = allocator.get_arena(addr)
address = arena['top']
size = pwndbg.memory.u(int(address) + allocator.chunk_key_offset('size'))
out = message.off("Top chunk\n") + "Addr: {}\nSize: 0x{:02x}".format(M.get(address), size)
print(out)
def print_search_hit(address):
"""Prints out a single search hit.
Arguments:
address(int): Address to print
"""
if not address:
return
vmmap = pwndbg.vmmap.find(address)
if vmmap:
region = os.path.basename(vmmap.objfile)
else:
region = '[mapped]'
region = region.ljust(15)
region = M.get(address, region)
addr = M.get(address)
display = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(address)
print(region, addr, display)
def print_search_hit(address):
"""Prints out a single search hit.
Arguments:
address(int): Address to print
"""
if not address:
return
vmmap = pwndbg.vmmap.find(address)
if vmmap:
region = os.path.basename(vmmap.objfile)
else:
region = '[mapped]'
region = region.ljust(15)
region = M.get(address, region)
addr = M.get(address)
display = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(address)
print(region,addr,display)
def vmmap(pages_filter=None):
pages = list(filter(pages_filter, pwndbg.vmmap.get()))
if not pages:
print('There are no mappings for specified address or module.')
return
print(M.legend())
for page in pages:
print(M.get(page.vaddr, text=str(page)))
if pwndbg.qemu.is_qemu():
print("\n[QEMU target detected - vmmap result might not be accurate; see `help vmmap`]")
def xinfo(address=None):
addr = int(address)
addr &= pwndbg.arch.ptrmask
page = pwndbg.vmmap.find(addr)
if page is None:
print("\n Virtual address {:#x} is not mapped.".format(addr))
return
print("Extended information for virtual address {}:".format(M.get(addr)))
print("\n Containing mapping:")
print(M.get(address, text=str(page)))
print("\n Offset information:")
if page.is_stack:
xinfo_stack(page, addr)
else:
xinfo_default(page, addr)
if page.is_memory_mapped_file:
xinfo_mmap_file(page, addr)
def heap(addr=None):
"""
Prints out all chunks in the main_arena, or the arena specified by `addr`.
"""
main_heap = pwndbg.heap.current
main_arena = main_heap.get_arena(addr)
if main_arena is None:
return
heap_region = main_heap.get_region(addr)
if heap_region is None:
print(red('Could not find the heap'))
return
top = main_arena['top']
last_remainder = main_arena['last_remainder']
print(bold('Top Chunk: ') + M.get(top))
print(bold('Last Remainder: ') + M.get(last_remainder))
print()
# Print out all chunks on the heap
# TODO: Add an option to print out only free or allocated chunks
addr = heap_region.vaddr
while addr <= top:
chunk = malloc_chunk(addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
# Clear the bottom 3 bits
size &= ~7
if size == 0:
break
addr += size
def print_search(value, *a, **kw):
hits = set()
for address in pwndbg.search.search(value, *a, **kw):
if not address:
continue
if address in hits:
continue
hits.add(address)
vmmap = pwndbg.vmmap.find(address)
if vmmap:
region = os.path.basename(vmmap.objfile)
else:
region = '[mapped]'
region = region.ljust(15)
region = M.get(address, region)
addr = M.get(address)
display = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(address)
print(region,addr,display)
def locate(address=0x0):
if address == 0x0:
print("Invalid argument provided. Please give a valid address such as 0x")
return
pages = list(filter(None, pwndbg.vmmap.get()))
print(M.legend())
for page in pages:
if address >= page.vaddr and address <= page.vaddr + page.memsz:
texta = str(page) + " + " + hex(int(address-page.vaddr))
print(M.get(page.vaddr, text=texta))
if pwndbg.qemu.is_qemu():
print("\n[QEMU target detected - locate result might not be accurate; see `help vmmap`]")
def malloc_chunk(addr, fake=False):
"""
Prints out the malloc_chunk at the specified address.
"""
main_heap = pwndbg.heap.current
if not isinstance(addr, six.integer_types):
addr = int(addr)
chunk = read_chunk(addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
actual_size = size & ~7
prev_inuse, is_mmapped, non_main_arena = main_heap.chunk_flags(size)
arena = None
if not fake and non_main_arena:
arena = main_heap.get_heap(addr)['ar_ptr']
fastbins = [] if fake else main_heap.fastbins(arena)
header = M.get(addr)
if fake:
header += message.prompt(' FAKE')
if prev_inuse:
if actual_size in fastbins:
header += message.hint(' FASTBIN')
else:
header += message.hint(' PREV_INUSE')
if is_mmapped:
header += message.hint(' IS_MMAPED')
if non_main_arena:
header += message.hint(' NON_MAIN_ARENA')
## edit start
chunk_str = '{\n'
for key in chunk["value"].type.keys():
if (str(key) == "prev_size" or str(key) == "size"):
chunk_str += ' %s = %s [%s]\n' % (str(key),
hex(int(chunk["value"][key])),
int(chunk["value"][key]))
else:
chunk_str += ' %s = %s\n' % (str(key),
hex(int(chunk["value"][key])))
chunk_str += '}'
print(header, chunk_str)
## edit end
return chunk
def probeleak(address=None, count=0x40):
address = int(address)
address &= pwndbg.arch.ptrmask
count = max(int(count), 0)
ptrsize = pwndbg.arch.ptrsize
off_zeros = int(math.ceil(math.log(count,2)/4))
if count > address > 0x10000: # in case someone puts in an end address and not a count (smh)
count -= address
if count % ptrsize > 0:
newcount = count - (count % ptrsize)
print(message.warning("Warning: count 0x%x is not a multiple of 0x%x; truncating to 0x%x." % (count, ptrsize, newcount)))
count = newcount
try:
data = pwndbg.memory.read(address, count, partial=True)
except gdb.error as e:
print(message.error(str(e)))
return
if not data:
print(message.error("Couldn't read memory at 0x%x" % (address,)))
return
found = False
for i in range(0, count, ptrsize):
p = pwndbg.arch.unpack(data[i:i+ptrsize])
page = find_module(p)
if page:
if not found:
print(M.legend())
found = True
mod_name = page.objfile
if not mod_name:
mod_name = '[anon]'
fmt = '+0x{offset:0{n1}x}: 0x{ptr:0{n2}x} = {page}'
right_text = ('(%s) %s + 0x%x') % (page.permstr, mod_name, p - page.vaddr + page.offset)
print(fmt.format(n1=off_zeros, n2=ptrsize*2, offset=i, ptr=p, page=M.get(p, text=right_text)))
if not found:
print(message.hint('No leaks found at 0x{:x}-0x{:x} :('.format(address, address+count)))
def get_rec_addr_string(addr,visited_map):
page = pwndbg.vmmap.find(addr)
arrow_right = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_right)
if not page is None:
if not addr in visited_map:
return ""
parent_info = visited_map[addr]
parent = parent_info[0]
parent_base_addr = parent_info[1]
if parent - parent_base_addr < 0:
curText = hex(parent_base_addr) + hex(parent - parent_base_addr)
else:
curText = hex(parent_base_addr) + "+" + hex(parent - parent_base_addr)
if parent_base_addr == addr:
return ""
return get_rec_addr_string(parent_base_addr,visited_map) + M.get(parent_base_addr,text=curText) + arrow_right
else:
return ""
def vmmap(map=None):
"""
Print the virtal memory map, or the specific mapping for the
provided address / module name.
"""
int_map = None
str_map = None
if isinstance(map, six.string_types):
str_map = map
elif isinstance(map, six.integer_types + (gdb.Value, )):
int_map = int(map)
print(M.legend())
for page in pwndbg.vmmap.get():
if str_map and str_map not in page.objfile:
continue
if int_map and int_map not in page:
continue
print(M.get(page.vaddr, text=str(page)))
def vmmap(map=None):
"""
Print the virtal memory map, or the specific mapping for the
provided address / module name.
"""
int_map = None
str_map = None
if isinstance(map, six.string_types):
str_map = map
elif isinstance(map, six.integer_types + (gdb.Value,)):
int_map = int(map)
print(M.legend())
for page in pwndbg.vmmap.get():
if str_map and str_map not in page.objfile:
continue
if int_map and int_map not in page:
continue
print(M.get(page.vaddr, text=str(page)))
def malloc_chunk(addr):
"""
Prints out the malloc_chunk at the specified address.
"""
if not isinstance(addr, six.integer_types):
addr = int(addr)
chunk = value_from_type('struct malloc_chunk', addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
prev_inuse = (size & PREV_INUSE) == 1
is_mmaped = (size & IS_MMAPED) == 1
non_main_arena = (size & NON_MAIN_ARENA) == 1
header = M.get(addr)
if prev_inuse:
header += yellow(' PREV_INUSE')
if is_mmaped:
header += yellow(' IS_MMAPED')
if non_main_arena:
header += yellow(' NON_MAIN_ARENA')
print(header)
print(chunk)
return chunk
def malloc_chunk(addr):
"""
Prints out the malloc_chunk at the specified address.
"""
if not isinstance(addr, six.integer_types):
addr = int(addr)
chunk = value_from_type('struct malloc_chunk', addr)
size = int(chunk['size'])
prev_inuse = (size & PREV_INUSE) == 1
is_mmaped = (size & IS_MMAPED) == 1
non_main_arena = (size & NON_MAIN_ARENA) == 1
header = M.get(addr)
if prev_inuse:
header += yellow(' PREV_INUSE')
if is_mmaped:
header += yellow(' IS_MMAPED')
if non_main_arena:
header += yellow(' NON_MAIN_ARENA')
print(header)
print(chunk)
return chunk
def leakfind(address=None,
page_name=None,
max_offset=0x40,
max_depth=0x4,
stride=0x1,
negative_offset=0x0):
if address is None:
raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError('No starting address provided.')
foundPages = pwndbg.vmmap.find(address)
if not foundPages:
raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError('Starting address is not mapped.')
if not pwndbg.memory.peek(address):
raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
'Unable to read from starting address.')
max_depth = int(max_depth)
# Just warn the user that a large depth might be slow.
# Probably worth checking offset^depth < threshold. Do this when more benchmarking is established.
if max_depth > 8:
print("leakfind may take a while to run on larger depths.")
stride = int(stride)
address = int(address)
max_offset = int(max_offset)
negative_offset = int(negative_offset)
# The below map stores a map of child address->(parent_address,parent_start_address)
# In the above tuple, parent_address is the exact address with a pointer to the child adddress.
# parent_start_address is an address that a previous address pointed to.
# We need to store both so that we can nicely create our leak chain.
visited_map = {}
visited_set = {int(address)}
address_queue = Queue()
address_queue.put(int(address))
depth = 0
time_to_depth_increase = 0
# Run a bfs
# TODO look into performance gain from checking if an address is mapped before calling pwndbg.memory.pvoid()
# TODO also check using pwndbg.memory.read for possible performance boosts.
while address_queue.qsize() > 0 and depth < max_depth:
if time_to_depth_increase == 0:
depth = depth + 1
time_to_depth_increase = address_queue.qsize()
cur_start_addr = address_queue.get()
time_to_depth_increase -= 1
for cur_addr in range(cur_start_addr - negative_offset,
cur_start_addr + max_offset, stride):
try:
result = int(pwndbg.memory.pvoid(cur_addr))
if result in visited_map or result in visited_set:
continue
visited_map[result] = (
cur_addr, cur_start_addr
) # map is of form child->(parent,parent_start)
address_queue.put(result)
visited_set.add(result)
except gdb.error:
# That means the memory was unmapped. Just skip it if we can't read it.
break
# A map of length->list of lines. Used to let us print in a somewhat nice manner.
output_map = {}
arrow_right = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_right)
for child in visited_map:
child_page = pwndbg.vmmap.find(child)
if child_page is not None:
if page_name is not None and page_name not in child_page.objfile:
continue
line = get_rec_addr_string(
child, visited_map) + M.get(child) + " " + M.get(
child, text=child_page.objfile)
chain_length = line.count(arrow_right)
if chain_length in output_map:
output_map[chain_length].append(line)
else:
output_map[chain_length] = [line]
# Output sorted by length of chain
for chain_length in output_map:
for line in output_map[chain_length]:
print(line)
if pwndbg.qemu.is_qemu():
print(
"\n[QEMU target detected - leakfind result might not be accurate; see `help vmmap`]"
)
def ds(address, max):
address = int(address)
address &= pwndbg.arch.ptrmask
print(M.get(address), repr(pwndbg.strings.get(address, max, whatever=True)))
def format(value, limit=LIMIT, code=True, offset=0, hard_stop=None, hard_end=0):
"""
Recursively dereferences an address into string representation, or convert the list representation
of address dereferences into string representation.
Arguments:
value(int|list): Either the starting address to be sent to get, or the result of get (a list)
limit(int): Number of valid pointers
code(bool): Hint that indicates the value may be an instruction
offset(int): Offset into the address to get the next pointer
hard_stop(int): Value to stop on
hard_end: Value to append when hard_stop is reached: null, value of hard stop, a string.
Returns:
A string representing pointers of each address and reference
Strings format: 0x0804a10 —▸ 0x08061000 ◂— 0x41414141
"""
limit = int(limit)
# Allow results from get function to be passed to format
if isinstance(value, list):
chain = value
else:
chain = get(value, limit, offset, hard_stop, hard_end)
arrow_left = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_left)
arrow_right = C.arrow(' %s ' % config_arrow_right)
# Colorize the chain
rest = []
for link in chain:
symbol = pwndbg.symbol.get(link) or None
if symbol:
symbol = '%#x (%s)' % (link, symbol)
rest.append(M.get(link, symbol))
# If the dereference limit is zero, skip any enhancements.
if limit == 0:
return rest[0]
# Otherwise replace last element with the enhanced information.
rest = rest[:-1]
# Enhance the last entry
# If there are no pointers (e.g. eax = 0x41414141), then enhance
# the only element there is.
if len(chain) == 1:
enhanced = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(chain[-1], code=code)
# Otherwise, the last element in the chain is the non-pointer value.
# We want to enhance the last pointer value. If an offset was used
# chain failed at that offset, so display that offset.
elif len(chain) < limit + 1:
enhanced = pwndbg.enhance.enhance(chain[-2] + offset, code=code)
else:
enhanced = C.contiguous('%s' % config_contiguous)
if len(chain) == 1:
return enhanced
return arrow_right.join(rest) + arrow_left + enhanced
def malloc_chunk(addr, fake=False, verbose=False, simple=False):
"""Print a malloc_chunk struct's contents."""
# points to the real start of the chunk
cursor = int(addr)
allocator = pwndbg.heap.current
ptr_size = allocator.size_sz
size_field = pwndbg.memory.u(cursor + allocator.chunk_key_offset('size'))
real_size = size_field & ~allocator.malloc_align_mask
headers_to_print = [] # both state (free/allocated) and flags
fields_to_print = set() # in addition to addr and size
out_fields = "Addr: {}\n".format(M.get(cursor))
if fake:
headers_to_print.append(message.on("Fake chunk"))
verbose = True # print all fields for fake chunks
if simple:
chunk = read_chunk(cursor)
if not headers_to_print:
headers_to_print.append(message.hint(M.get(cursor)))
prev_inuse, is_mmapped, non_main_arena = allocator.chunk_flags(
int(chunk['size']))
if prev_inuse:
headers_to_print.append(message.hint('PREV_INUSE'))
if is_mmapped:
headers_to_print.append(message.hint('IS_MMAPED'))
if non_main_arena:
headers_to_print.append(message.hint('NON_MAIN_ARENA'))
print(' | '.join(headers_to_print))
for key, val in chunk.items():
print(message.system(key) + ": 0x{:02x}".format(int(val)))
print('')
return
arena = allocator.get_arena_for_chunk(cursor)
arena_address = None
is_top = False
if not fake and arena:
arena_address = arena.address
top_chunk = arena['top']
if cursor == top_chunk:
headers_to_print.append(message.off("Top chunk"))
is_top = True
if not is_top:
fastbins = allocator.fastbins(arena_address) or {}
smallbins = allocator.smallbins(arena_address) or {}
largebins = allocator.largebins(arena_address) or {}
unsortedbin = allocator.unsortedbin(arena_address) or {}
if allocator.has_tcache():
tcachebins = allocator.tcachebins(None)
if real_size in fastbins.keys() and cursor in fastbins[real_size]:
headers_to_print.append(message.on("Free chunk (fastbins)"))
if not verbose:
fields_to_print.add('fd')
elif real_size in smallbins.keys() and cursor in bin_addrs(
smallbins[real_size], "smallbins"):
headers_to_print.append(message.on("Free chunk (smallbins)"))
if not verbose:
fields_to_print.update(['fd', 'bk'])
elif real_size >= list(
largebins.items())[0][0] and cursor in bin_addrs(
largebins[(list(
largebins.items())[allocator.largebin_index(real_size)
- 64][0])], "largebins"):
headers_to_print.append(message.on("Free chunk (largebins)"))
if not verbose:
fields_to_print.update(
['fd', 'bk', 'fd_nextsize', 'bk_nextsize'])
elif cursor in bin_addrs(unsortedbin['all'], "unsortedbin"):
headers_to_print.append(message.on("Free chunk (unsortedbin)"))
if not verbose:
fields_to_print.update(['fd', 'bk'])
elif allocator.has_tcache() and real_size in tcachebins.keys(
) and cursor + ptr_size * 2 in bin_addrs(tcachebins[real_size],
"tcachebins"):
headers_to_print.append(message.on("Free chunk (tcache)"))
if not verbose:
fields_to_print.add('fd')
else:
headers_to_print.append(message.hint("Allocated chunk"))
if verbose:
fields_to_print.update(
['prev_size', 'size', 'fd', 'bk', 'fd_nextsize', 'bk_nextsize'])
else:
out_fields += "Size: 0x{:02x}\n".format(size_field)
prev_inuse, is_mmapped, non_main_arena = allocator.chunk_flags(size_field)
if prev_inuse:
headers_to_print.append(message.hint('PREV_INUSE'))
if is_mmapped:
headers_to_print.append(message.hint('IS_MMAPED'))
if non_main_arena:
headers_to_print.append(message.hint('NON_MAIN_ARENA'))
fields_ordered = [
'prev_size', 'size', 'fd', 'bk', 'fd_nextsize', 'bk_nextsize'
]
for field_to_print in fields_ordered:
if field_to_print in fields_to_print:
out_fields += message.system(
field_to_print) + ": 0x{:02x}\n".format(
pwndbg.memory.u(
cursor + allocator.chunk_key_offset(field_to_print)))
print(' | '.join(headers_to_print) + "\n" + out_fields)
def print_line(name, addr, first, second, op, width = 20):
print("{} {} = {} {} {:#x}".format(name.rjust(width), M.get(addr),
M.get(first) if type(first) is not str else first.ljust(len(hex(addr))),
op, second,))
def instruction(ins):
asm = '%-06s %s' % (ins.mnemonic, ins.op_str)
if pwndbg.config.syntax_highlight:
asm = syntax_highlight(asm)
is_branch = set(ins.groups) & capstone_branch_groups
# Highlight the current line if enabled
if pwndbg.config.highlight_pc and ins.address == pwndbg.regs.pc:
asm = C.highlight(asm)
# tl;dr is a branch?
if ins.target not in (None, ins.address + ins.size):
sym = pwndbg.symbol.get(ins.target) or None
target = M.get(ins.target)
const = ins.target_const
# Use format string instead of hex() to avoid suffix 'l' or 'L'
hextarget = '0x%x' % ins.target
hexlen = len(hextarget)
# If it's a constant expression, color it directly in the asm.
if const:
# TODO: Also colorize the address starts with '$' and '#'
asm = asm.replace(hextarget, sym or target)
if sym:
asm = '%s <%s>' % (ljust_colored(asm, 36), target)
# It's not a constant expression, but we've calculated the target
# address by emulation.
elif sym:
asm = '%s <%s; %s>' % (ljust_colored(asm, 36), target, sym)
# We were able to calculate the target, but there is no symbol
# name for it.
else:
asm += '<%s>' % (target)
# not a branch
elif ins.symbol:
if is_branch and not ins.target:
asm = '%s <%s>' % (asm, ins.symbol)
# XXX: not sure when this ever happens
asm += '<-- file a pwndbg bug for this'
else:
asm = asm.replace(hex(ins.symbol_addr), ins.symbol)
asm = '%s <%s>' % (ljust_colored(asm, 36), M.get(ins.symbol_addr))
# Style the instruction mnemonic if it's a branch instruction.
if is_branch:
asm = asm.replace(ins.mnemonic, branch(ins.mnemonic), 1)
# If we know the conditional is taken, mark it as taken.
if ins.condition is None:
asm = ' ' + asm
elif ins.condition:
asm = on('✔ ') + asm
else:
asm = ' ' + asm
return asm
def print_line(name, addr, first, second, op, width = 20):
print("{} {} = {} {} {:#x}".format(name.rjust(width), M.get(addr),
M.get(first) if not isinstance(first, str) else first.ljust(len(hex(addr).rstrip('L'))),
op, second,))