def generate_options(inverter_name, module_name, zipcode, ac_dc_ratio=1.2, \
mount="Roof", station_class=1, v_max=600, bipolar=True):
"""String sizing: find all valid configurations for a location"""
module = modules.Module(module_name)
inverter = inverters.Inverter(inverter_name)
temp_adder = {"Roof":30,\
"Ground":25,\
"Pole":20}
#NREL suggests that long term degradation is primarily current not voltage
derate20 = .97
#csv is performance hit
dummy, usaf = geo.closest_usaf(geo.zip_coordinates(zipcode), station_class)
eere_min = eere.minimum(usaf)
module_max_voltage = module.v_max(eere_min)
eere2 = eere.twopercent(usaf)
module_min_voltage = module.v_min(eere2, temp_adder[mount]) * derate20
if inverter.vdcmax != 0:
v_max = inverter.vdcmax
maxlen = int(v_max//module_max_voltage)
minlen = int(inverter.mppt_low/module_min_voltage) + 1
if minlen > maxlen:
return []
inverter.array = modules.Array(module, \
[{'series':minlen}]*inverter.mppt_channels)
inverter.array.minlength(minlen)
inverter.array.maxlength(maxlen)
#range to search
lower_tol = .25
upper_tol = .30
p_nom_lower = ac_dc_ratio*(1+lower_tol)
p_nom_upper = ac_dc_ratio*(1-upper_tol)
#inverter_nominal = inverter.p_aco
solutions = []
while inverter.ratio() < p_nom_lower:
_tmp = copy.deepcopy(inverter)
_tmp.max_v = _tmp.array.v_max(eere_min)
_tmp.min_v = _tmp.array.v_min(eere2, temp_adder[mount])
if inverter.ratio() >= p_nom_upper:
solutions.append(_tmp)
inverter.array.inc()
#i_max = max(inverter.idcmax,inverter.p_dco*1.0/inverter.mppt_low)
#max_parallel = int(round(i_max/inverter.array.panel.i_mpp))+1
#Diophantine equation
return solutions
def fill(inverter, zipcode, ac_dc_ratio=1.2, mount="Roof", station_class=1, \
v_max=600, bipolar=True):
"""deprecated use generate_options"""
t_derate = {"Roof":30, \
"Ground":25, \
"Pole":20}
#csv is performance hit
dummy, usaf = geo.closest_usaf(geo.zip_coordinates(zipcode), station_class)
max_v = inverter.array.panel.v_max(eere.minimum(usaf))
#NREL suggests that long term degradation is primarily current not voltage
derate20 = .97
min_v = inverter.array.panel.v_min(eere.twopercent(usaf), \
t_derate[mount]) * derate20
if inverter.vdcmax != 0:
v_max = inverter.vdcmax
smax = int(v_max/max_v)
#range to search
lower_tol = .30
upper_tol = .30
p_nom_lower = ac_dc_ratio*(1+lower_tol)
p_nom_upper = ac_dc_ratio*(1-upper_tol)
inverter_nominal = inverter.p_aco
psize = inverter.array.panel.p_max
solutions = []
i_max = max(inverter.idcmax, inverter.p_dco*1.0/inverter.mppt_low)
max_parallel = int(round(i_max/inverter.array.panel.i_mpp))+1
#Diophantine equation
for string_len in range(smax+1):
if (string_len*min_v) >= inverter.mppt_low:
for p_count in range(max_parallel):
p_nom = p_count*string_len*psize*1.0/inverter_nominal
if p_nom < p_nom_upper and p_nom > lower_tol:
inverter.array.shape = [string_len]*p_count
_tmp = copy.deepcopy(inverter)
_tmp.min_v = string_len*min_v
_tmp.max_v = string_len*max_v
solutions.append(_tmp)
return solutions
def string_notes(system, run=0.0, station_class=3):
"""page 5"""
name, usaf = geo.closest_usaf(geo.zip_coordinates(system.zipcode), \
station_class)
mintemp = eere.minimum(usaf)
twopercent_temp = eere.twopercent(usaf)
ac_kva_rated = 0.0
dc_rated = 0.0
ac_kw = 0.0
for i in system.shape:
dc_rated += i.array.p_max
try:
if i.phase == 1:
ac_kva_rated += i.current * i.ac_voltage
else:
ac_kva_rated += i.phase * i.current * i.ac_voltage / 3**.5
except Exception:
ac_kva_rated += i.p_aco
ac_kw += i.p_aco
notes = []
notes.append("%s KVA AC RATED" % round(ac_kva_rated/1000.0, 2))
notes.append("%s KW AC RATED" % round(ac_kw/1000.0, 2))
notes.append("%s KW DC RATED" % round(dc_rated/1000.0, 2))
#BUG: This doesn't work for unbalanced 3 phase
if system.phase == 1:
a_ac = round(ac_kva_rated/i.ac_voltage, 1)
else:
a_ac = round(ac_kva_rated/i.ac_voltage/3**.5, 1)
notes.append("System AC Output Current: %s A" % a_ac)
notes.append("Nominal AC Voltage: %s V" % i.ac_voltage)
notes.append("")
notes.append("Minimum Temperature: %s C" % mintemp)
notes.append("2 Percent Max Temperature: %s C" % twopercent_temp)
notes.append("Weather Source: %s %s" % (name, usaf))
notes.append("")
d_inverters, d_panels = system.describe()
a_max = 0
for i in system.shape:
module_name = i.array.dump()['panel']
if d_panels.has_key(module_name):
module = modules.Module(module_name)
notes.append("PV Module Ratings @ STC")
notes.append("Module Make: %s" % module.make)
notes.append("Module Model: %s" % module.model)
notes.append("Quantity: %s" % d_panels[module_name])
notes.append("Max Power-Point Current (Imp): %s A" % module.i_mpp)
notes.append("Max Power-Point Voltage (Vmp): %s V" % module.v_mpp)
notes.append("Open-Circuit Voltage (Voc): %s V" % module.v_oc)
notes.append("Short-Circuit Current (Isc): %s A" % module.i_sc)
notes.append("Maximum Power (Pmax): %s W" % round(module.p_max, 1))
notes.append("")
d_panels.pop(module_name)
if d_inverters.has_key(i.model):
notes.append("Inverter Make: %s" % i.make)
notes.append("Inverter Model: %s" % i.model)
notes.append("Quantity: %s" % d_inverters[i.model])
notes.append("Max Power: %s KW" % round(i.p_aco/1000.0, 1))
#this is hack... This should be calculated based upon power cores
if hasattr(i, 'current'):
notes.append("Max AC Current: %s A" % round(i.current, 1))
elif i.ac_voltage == 480:
notes.append("Max AC Current: %s A" % \
round(i.p_aco*1.0/i.ac_voltage/3**.5, 1))
else:
notes.append("Max AC Current: %s A" % \
round(i.p_aco*1.0/i.ac_voltage, 1))
#greater than 1 in parallel
if i.array.mcount() > 1:
notes.append("DC Operating Current: %s A" % \
round(i.array.i_mpp(), 1))
notes.append("DC Short Circuit Current: %s A" % \
round(i.array.i_sc(), 1))
#greater than 1 in series
if i.array.mcount() > 1:
notes.append("DC Operating Voltage: %s V" % \
round(i.array.v_dc(), 1))
notes.append("System Max DC Voltage: %s V" % \
round(i.array.v_max(mintemp), 1))
if i.array.v_max(mintemp) > 600:
logger.warning("WARNING: Array exceeds 600V DC")
notes.append("Pnom Ratio: %s" % \
round((i.array.p_max/i.p_aco), 2))
if (i.array.v_dc(twopercent_temp) * .9) < i.mppt_low:
logger.warning("WARNING: " \
"Array IV Knee drops out of Inverter range")
if (i.array.p_max/i.p_aco) < 1.1:
logger.warning("WARNING: Array potentially undersized")
notes.append("")
d_inverters.pop(i.model)
if i.array.v_max(mintemp) > a_max:
a_max = i.array.v_max(mintemp)
notes.append("Array Azimuth: %s Degrees" % system.azimuth)
notes.append("Array Tilt: %s Degrees" % system.tilt)
sols_9 = system.solstice(9)
sols_15 = system.solstice(15)
notes.append("December 21 9:00 AM Sun Azimuth: %s Degrees" % \
(round(degrees(sols_9[1]), 1)))
notes.append("December 21 9:00 AM Sun Altitude: %s Degrees" % \
(round(degrees(sols_9[0]), 1)))
notes.append("December 21 3:00 PM Sun Azimuth: %s Degrees" % \
(round(degrees(sols_15[1]), 1)))
notes.append("December 21 3:00 PM Sun Altitude: %s Degrees" % \
(round(degrees(sols_9[0]), 1)))
if 'geomag' in sys.modules:
notes.append("Magnetic declination: %s Degrees" % \
round(geomag.declination(dlat=system.place[0], \
dlon=system.place[1])))
notes.append("Minimum Row space ratio: %s" % \
round(system.min_row_space(1.0), 2))
if __name__ == '__main__':
print "\n".join(notes)
else:
logger.info("Plant Details:\n" + "\n".join(notes))
print ""
print "Minimum Bundle"
min_c = vd.vd(a_ac, 5, verbose=False)
try:
ee.assemble(min_c, a_ac, conduit='STEEL')
if run > 0:
print "Long Run"
min_c = vd.vd(a_ac, run, v=i.ac_voltage, t_amb=15, pf=.95, \
material='AL', verbose=False)
ee.assemble(min_c, a_ac, conduit='PVC')
except:
print "Warning: Multiple sets of conductors"
return notes
def write_notes(system, filename='output', v_nominal=240.0):
"""file out expedited permit form with system details"""
station_class = 1
dummy, usaf = geo.closest_usaf(geo.zip_coordinates(system.zipcode), \
station_class)
mintemp = eere.minimum(usaf)
twopercent_temp = eere.twopercent(usaf)
fields = []
for i in set(system.shape):
module_name = i.array.dump()['panel']
module = modules.Module(module_name)
print "PV Module Ratings @ STC"
print "Module Make:", module.make
fields.append(('Text1ModuleMake', module.make))
print "Module Model:", module.model
fields.append(('Text1ModuleModel', module.model))
print "Max Power-Point Current (Imp):", module.i_mpp
fields.append(('MAX POWERPOINT CURRENT IMP', module.i_mpp))
print "Max Power-Point Voltage (Vmp):", module.v_mpp
fields.append(('MAX POWERPOINT VOLTAGE VMP', module.v_mpp))
print "Open-Circuit Voltage (v_oc):", module.v_oc
fields.append(('OPENCIRCUIT VOLTAGE VOC', module.v_oc))
print "Short-Circuit Current (i_sc):", module.i_sc
fields.append(('SHORTCIRCUIT CURRENT ISC', module.i_sc))
fields.append(('MAX SERIES FUSE OCPD', '15'))
print "Maximum Power (p_max):", module.p_max
fields.append(('MAXIMUM POWER PMAX', module.p_max))
print "Module Rated Max Voltage:", module.Vrated
fields.append(('MAX VOLTAGE TYP 600VDC', module.Vrated))
fields.append(('VOC TEMP COEFF mVoC or oC', round(module.tk_v_oc, 2)))
fields.append(('VOC TEMP COEFF mVoC', 'On'))
print "Inverter Make:", i.make
fields.append(('INVERTER MAKE', i.make))
print "Inverter Model:", i.model
fields.append(('INVERTER MODEL', i.model))
print "Max Power", i.p_aco
fields.append(('MAX POWER 40oC', i.p_aco))
fields.append(('NOMINAL AC VOLTAGE', 240))
print "Max AC Current: %s" % round(i.p_aco/v_nominal, 2)
fields.append(('MAX AC CURRENT', round(i.p_aco/v_nominal, 2)))
fields.append(('MAX DC VOLT RATING', i.mppt_hi))
print "Max AC OCPD Rating: %s" % ee.ocp_size(i.p_aco/v_nominal*1.25)
print "Max System Voltage:", round(module.v_max(mintemp), 1)
print "AC Output Current: %s" % \
round(sum([i.p_aco for i in system.shape])/v_nominal, 2)
fields.append(('AC OUTPUT CURRENT', \
round(sum([i.p_aco for i in system.shape])/v_nominal, 2)))
print "Nominal AC Voltage: %s" % v_nominal
fields.append(('NOMINAL AC VOLTAGE_2', i.ac_voltage))
print "Minimum Temperature: %s C" % mintemp
print "2 Percent Max: %s C" % twopercent_temp
from fdfgen import forge_fdf
fdf = forge_fdf("", fields, [], [], [])
fdf_file = open("data.fdf", "w")
fdf_file.write(fdf)
fdf_file.close()
import shlex
from subprocess import call
cmd = shlex.split("pdftk Example2-Micro-Inverter.pdf fill_form data.fdf" \
"%s output.pdf flatten" % filename)
rc = call(cmd)
return rc
record['utc_datetime'] = strptime(_sd, self.tz)
record['datetime'] = strptime(_sd)
return record
def __del__(self):
self.csvfile.close()
def total(usaf, field='GHI (W/m^2)'):
"""total annual insolation, defaults to GHI"""
running_total = 0
usafdata = data(usaf)
for record in usafdata:
running_total += float(record[field])
return running_total/1000.
if __name__ == "__main__":
from solpy import geo
TILT = 32.0
#import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
#place = zipToCoordinates('17601) #Lancaster
PLACE = geo.zip_coordinates('19113') #Philadelphia
DUMMY, USAF = geo.closest_usaf(PLACE)
TOTAL_INS = 0
for i in data(USAF):
output = irradiation.irradiation(i, PLACE, t=TILT)
TOTAL_INS += output
print TOTAL_INS/1000
print TOTAL_INS/(1000*365.0)
print total(USAF)
PARSER = argparse.ArgumentParser(description='Model a PV system. '\
'Currently displays annual output and graph')
#import sys
#opts, ARGS = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], 'f:h')
PARSER.add_argument('-z', '--zipcode', required=True)
PARSER.add_argument('-m', '--mname')
PARSER.add_argument('-v', '--voltage', type=int, default=600)
ARGS = vars(PARSER.parse_args())
#print ARGS
try:
#start program
ZIPCODE = ARGS['zipcode']
MAX_VOLTAGE = ARGS['voltage']
STATION_CLASS = 1
NAME, USAF = geo.closest_usaf(geo.zip_coordinates(ZIPCODE), \
STATION_CLASS)
print "%s usaf: %s" % (NAME, USAF)
print "Minimum Temperature: %s C" % minimum(USAF)
print "2%% Max: %s C" % twopercent(USAF)
print "Heating Degree days: %s" % hdd(USAF)
print "Cooling Degree days: %s" % cdd(USAF)
if ARGS['mname']:
print ""
MODELS = modules.model_search(ARGS['mname'].split(' '))
MODULE = None
if len(MODELS) > 1:
for i in MODELS:
print i
sys.exit(1)
elif len(MODELS) == 1:
print MODELS[0]
def set_zipcode(self, zipcode, station_class=3):
"""update zipcode"""
self.zipcode = zipcode
self.place = geo.zip_coordinates(self.zipcode)
self.tz = geo.zip_tz(self.zipcode)
self.name, self.usaf = geo.closest_usaf(self.place, station_class)
def string_notes(system, run=0.0, station_class=3):
"""page 5"""
name, usaf = geo.closest_usaf(geo.zip_coordinates(system.zipcode), \
station_class)
mintemp = eere.minimum(usaf)
twopercent_temp = eere.twopercent(usaf)
ac_kva_rated = 0.0
dc_rated = 0.0
ac_kw = 0.0
for i in system.shape:
dc_rated += i.array.p_max
try:
if i.phase == 1:
ac_kva_rated += i.current * i.ac_voltage
else:
ac_kva_rated += i.phase * i.current * i.ac_voltage / 3**.5
except Exception:
ac_kva_rated += i.p_aco
ac_kw += i.p_aco
notes = []
notes.append("%s KVA AC RATED" % round(ac_kva_rated / 1000.0, 2))
notes.append("%s KW AC RATED" % round(ac_kw / 1000.0, 2))
notes.append("%s KW DC RATED" % round(dc_rated / 1000.0, 2))
#BUG: This doesn't work for unbalanced 3 phase
if system.phase == 1:
a_ac = round(ac_kva_rated / i.ac_voltage, 1)
else:
a_ac = round(ac_kva_rated / i.ac_voltage / 3**.5, 1)
notes.append("System AC Output Current: %s A" % a_ac)
notes.append("Nominal AC Voltage: %s V" % i.ac_voltage)
notes.append("")
notes.append("Minimum Temperature: %s C" % mintemp)
notes.append("2 Percent Max Temperature: %s C" % twopercent_temp)
notes.append("Weather Source: %s %s" % (name, usaf))
notes.append("")
d_inverters, d_panels = system.describe()
a_max = 0
for i in system.shape:
module_name = i.array.dump()['panel']
if d_panels.has_key(module_name):
module = modules.Module(module_name)
notes.append("PV Module Ratings @ STC")
notes.append("Module Make: %s" % module.make)
notes.append("Module Model: %s" % module.model)
notes.append("Quantity: %s" % d_panels[module_name])
notes.append("Max Power-Point Current (Imp): %s A" % module.i_mpp)
notes.append("Max Power-Point Voltage (Vmp): %s V" % module.v_mpp)
notes.append("Open-Circuit Voltage (Voc): %s V" % module.v_oc)
notes.append("Short-Circuit Current (Isc): %s A" % module.i_sc)
notes.append("Maximum Power (Pmax): %s W" % round(module.p_max, 1))
notes.append("")
d_panels.pop(module_name)
if d_inverters.has_key(i.model):
notes.append("Inverter Make: %s" % i.make)
notes.append("Inverter Model: %s" % i.model)
notes.append("Quantity: %s" % d_inverters[i.model])
notes.append("Max Power: %s KW" % round(i.p_aco / 1000.0, 1))
#this is hack... This should be calculated based upon power cores
if hasattr(i, 'current'):
notes.append("Max AC Current: %s A" % round(i.current, 1))
elif i.ac_voltage == 480:
notes.append("Max AC Current: %s A" % \
round(i.p_aco*1.0/i.ac_voltage/3**.5, 1))
else:
notes.append("Max AC Current: %s A" % \
round(i.p_aco*1.0/i.ac_voltage, 1))
#greater than 1 in parallel
if i.array.mcount() > 1:
notes.append("DC Operating Current: %s A" % \
round(i.array.i_mpp(), 1))
notes.append("DC Short Circuit Current: %s A" % \
round(i.array.i_sc(), 1))
#greater than 1 in series
if i.array.mcount() > 1:
notes.append("DC Operating Voltage: %s V" % \
round(i.array.v_dc(), 1))
notes.append("System Max DC Voltage: %s V" % \
round(i.array.v_max(mintemp), 1))
if i.array.v_max(mintemp) > 600:
logger.warning("WARNING: Array exceeds 600V DC")
notes.append("Pnom Ratio: %s" % \
round((i.array.p_max/i.p_aco), 2))
if (i.array.v_dc(twopercent_temp) * .9) < i.mppt_low:
logger.warning("WARNING: " \
"Array IV Knee drops out of Inverter range")
if (i.array.p_max / i.p_aco) < 1.1:
logger.warning("WARNING: Array potentially undersized")
notes.append("")
d_inverters.pop(i.model)
if i.array.v_max(mintemp) > a_max:
a_max = i.array.v_max(mintemp)
notes.append("Array Azimuth: %s Degrees" % system.azimuth)
notes.append("Array Tilt: %s Degrees" % system.tilt)
sols_9 = system.solstice(9)
sols_15 = system.solstice(15)
notes.append("December 21 9:00 AM Sun Azimuth: %s Degrees" % \
(round(degrees(sols_9[1]), 1)))
notes.append("December 21 9:00 AM Sun Altitude: %s Degrees" % \
(round(degrees(sols_9[0]), 1)))
notes.append("December 21 3:00 PM Sun Azimuth: %s Degrees" % \
(round(degrees(sols_15[1]), 1)))
notes.append("December 21 3:00 PM Sun Altitude: %s Degrees" % \
(round(degrees(sols_9[0]), 1)))
if 'geomag' in sys.modules:
notes.append("Magnetic declination: %s Degrees" % \
round(geomag.declination(dlat=system.place[0], \
dlon=system.place[1])))
notes.append("Minimum Row space ratio: %s" % \
round(system.min_row_space(1.0), 2))
if __name__ == '__main__':
print "\n".join(notes)
else:
logger.info("Plant Details:\n" + "\n".join(notes))
print ""
print "Minimum Bundle"
min_c = vd.vd(a_ac, 5, verbose=False)
try:
ee.assemble(min_c, a_ac, conduit='STEEL')
if run > 0:
print "Long Run"
min_c = vd.vd(a_ac, run, v=i.ac_voltage, t_amb=15, pf=.95, \
material='AL', verbose=False)
ee.assemble(min_c, a_ac, conduit='PVC')
except:
print "Warning: Multiple sets of conductors"
return notes
def write_notes(system, filename='output', v_nominal=240.0):
"""file out expedited permit form with system details"""
station_class = 1
dummy, usaf = geo.closest_usaf(geo.zip_coordinates(system.zipcode), \
station_class)
mintemp = eere.minimum(usaf)
twopercent_temp = eere.twopercent(usaf)
fields = []
for i in set(system.shape):
module_name = i.array.dump()['panel']
module = modules.Module(module_name)
print "PV Module Ratings @ STC"
print "Module Make:", module.make
fields.append(('Text1ModuleMake', module.make))
print "Module Model:", module.model
fields.append(('Text1ModuleModel', module.model))
print "Max Power-Point Current (Imp):", module.i_mpp
fields.append(('MAX POWERPOINT CURRENT IMP', module.i_mpp))
print "Max Power-Point Voltage (Vmp):", module.v_mpp
fields.append(('MAX POWERPOINT VOLTAGE VMP', module.v_mpp))
print "Open-Circuit Voltage (v_oc):", module.v_oc
fields.append(('OPENCIRCUIT VOLTAGE VOC', module.v_oc))
print "Short-Circuit Current (i_sc):", module.i_sc
fields.append(('SHORTCIRCUIT CURRENT ISC', module.i_sc))
fields.append(('MAX SERIES FUSE OCPD', '15'))
print "Maximum Power (p_max):", module.p_max
fields.append(('MAXIMUM POWER PMAX', module.p_max))
print "Module Rated Max Voltage:", module.Vrated
fields.append(('MAX VOLTAGE TYP 600VDC', module.Vrated))
fields.append(('VOC TEMP COEFF mVoC or oC', round(module.tk_v_oc, 2)))
fields.append(('VOC TEMP COEFF mVoC', 'On'))
print "Inverter Make:", i.make
fields.append(('INVERTER MAKE', i.make))
print "Inverter Model:", i.model
fields.append(('INVERTER MODEL', i.model))
print "Max Power", i.p_aco
fields.append(('MAX POWER 40oC', i.p_aco))
fields.append(('NOMINAL AC VOLTAGE', 240))
print "Max AC Current: %s" % round(i.p_aco / v_nominal, 2)
fields.append(('MAX AC CURRENT', round(i.p_aco / v_nominal, 2)))
fields.append(('MAX DC VOLT RATING', i.mppt_hi))
print "Max AC OCPD Rating: %s" % ee.ocp_size(
i.p_aco / v_nominal * 1.25)
print "Max System Voltage:", round(module.v_max(mintemp), 1)
print "AC Output Current: %s" % \
round(sum([i.p_aco for i in system.shape])/v_nominal, 2)
fields.append(('AC OUTPUT CURRENT', \
round(sum([i.p_aco for i in system.shape])/v_nominal, 2)))
print "Nominal AC Voltage: %s" % v_nominal
fields.append(('NOMINAL AC VOLTAGE_2', i.ac_voltage))
print "Minimum Temperature: %s C" % mintemp
print "2 Percent Max: %s C" % twopercent_temp
from fdfgen import forge_fdf
fdf = forge_fdf("", fields, [], [], [])
fdf_file = open("data.fdf", "w")
fdf_file.write(fdf)
fdf_file.close()
import shlex
from subprocess import call
cmd = shlex.split("pdftk Example2-Micro-Inverter.pdf fill_form data.fdf" \
"%s output.pdf flatten" % filename)
rc = call(cmd)
return rc
def set_zipcode(self, zipcode, station_class=3):
"""update zipcode"""
self.zipcode = zipcode
self.place = geo.zip_coordinates(self.zipcode)
self.tz = geo.zip_tz(self.zipcode)
self.name, self.usaf = geo.closest_usaf(self.place, station_class)