def _eval_expand_func(self, **hints):
n = self.args[0]
m = self.args[1] if len(self.args) == 2 else 1
if m == S.One:
if n.is_Add:
off = n.args[0]
nnew = n - off
if off.is_Integer and off.is_positive:
result = [S.One/(nnew + i) for i in xrange(off, 0, -1)] + [harmonic(nnew)]
return Add(*result)
elif off.is_Integer and off.is_negative:
result = [-S.One/(nnew + i) for i in xrange(0, off, -1)] + [harmonic(nnew)]
return Add(*result)
if n.is_Rational:
# Expansions for harmonic numbers at general rational arguments (u + p/q)
# Split n as u + p/q with p < q
p, q = n.as_numer_denom()
u = p // q
p = p - u * q
if u.is_nonnegative and p.is_positive and q.is_positive and p < q:
k = Dummy("k")
t1 = q * C.Sum(1 / (q * k + p), (k, 0, u))
t2 = 2 * C.Sum(cos((2 * pi * p * k) / S(q)) *
log(sin((pi * k) / S(q))),
(k, 1, floor((q - 1) / S(2))))
t3 = (pi / 2) * cot((pi * p) / q) + log(2 * q)
return t1 + t2 - t3
return self
def _eval_rewrite_as_Sum(self, arg):
if arg.is_even:
k = C.Dummy("k", integer=True)
j = C.Dummy("j", integer=True)
n = self.args[0] / 2
Em = (S.ImaginaryUnit * C.Sum( C.Sum( C.binomial(k, j) * ((-1)**j * (k - 2*j)**(2*n + 1)) /
(2**k*S.ImaginaryUnit**k * k), (j, 0, k)), (k, 1, 2*n + 1)))
return Em
def _eval_rewrite_as_Sum(self, ap, bq, z):
from sympy.functions import factorial, RisingFactorial, Piecewise
n = C.Dummy("n", integer=True)
rfap = Tuple(*[RisingFactorial(a, n) for a in ap])
rfbq = Tuple(*[RisingFactorial(b, n) for b in bq])
coeff = Mul(*rfap) / Mul(*rfbq)
return Piecewise((C.Sum(coeff * z**n / factorial(n), (n, 0, oo)),
self.convergence_statement), (self, True))
def _eval_rewrite_as_Sum(self, n, k_sym=None, symbols=None):
if (k_sym is not None) or (symbols is not None):
return self
# Dobinski's formula
if not n.is_nonnegative:
return self
k = C.Dummy('k', integer=True, nonnegative=True)
return 1 / E * C.Sum(k**n / factorial(k), (k, 0, S.Infinity))
def _eval_expand_func(self, **hints):
z = self.args[0]
if z.is_Rational:
p, q = z.as_numer_denom()
# General rational arguments (u + p/q)
# Split z as n + p/q with p < q
n = p // q
p = p - n*q
if p.is_positive and q.is_positive and p < q:
k = Dummy("k")
if n.is_positive:
return loggamma(p / q) - n*log(q) + C.Sum(log((k - 1)*q + p), (k, 1, n))
elif n.is_negative:
return loggamma(p / q) - n*log(q) + S.Pi*S.ImaginaryUnit*n - C.Sum(log(k*q - p), (k, 1, -n))
elif n.is_zero:
return loggamma(p / q)
return self
def _eval_rewrite_as_Sum(self, n, m=None):
k = C.Dummy("k", integer=True)
if m is None:
m = S.One
return C.Sum(k**(-m), (k, 1, n))
