def render(width=200, height=100):
hor_size = 4.0
ver_size = hor_size * 0.5
line = []
# Preload function
line_append = line.append
frame = []
# Preload function
frame_append = frame.append
nx = width
ny = height
lower_left_corner = vec3(-(hor_size / 2.0), -(ver_size / 2.0), -1.0)
horizontal = vec3(hor_size, 0.0, 0.0)
vertical = vec3(0.0, ver_size, 0.0)
origin = vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
for j in range(ny - 1, -1, -1):
line.clear()
v = float(j) / float(ny)
for i in range(nx):
u = float(i) / float(nx)
r = ray(origin, lower_left_corner + u * horizontal + v * vertical)
col = color(r)
#pix = vec3(int(255.99 * col.r), int(255.99 * col.g), int(255.99 * col.b))
#line.append([pix.x, pix.y, pix.z])
# line.append([int(255.99 * col.r), int(255.99 * col.g), int(255.99 * col.b)])
line_append([
int(255.99 * col.r),
int(255.99 * col.g),
int(255.99 * col.b)
])
# frame.append(line.copy())
frame_append(line.copy())
return frame
def color(r):
# bgColor = vec3(0.5, 0.7, 1.0)
t = hit_sphere(vec3(0, 0, -1), 0.50, r)
if t > 0.0:
N = vec3.unit_vector(r.point_at_parameter(t) - vec3(0, 0, -1))
return 0.5 * vec3(N.x + 1, N.y + 1, N.z + 1)
unit_direction = vec3.unit_vector(r.direction)
t = 0.5 * (unit_direction.y + 1.0)
return (1.0 - t) * vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0) + t * vec3(0.5, 0.7, 1.0)
def scatter(self, r_in, rec):
reflected = reflect(r_in.direction(), rec.record[2])
attenuation = vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0)
if (vec3.dot(r_in.direction(), rec.record[2]) > 0):
outworld_normal = -rec.record[2]
ni_over_nt = self.ref_idx
cosine = self.ref_idx * vec3.dot(r_in.direction(), rec.record[2]) / r_in.direction().length()
else:
outworld_normal = rec.record[2]
ni_over_nt = 1.0 / self.ref_idx
cosine = -vec3.dot(r_in.direction(), rec.record[2]) / r_in.direction().length()
isok, refracted = refract(r_in.direction(), outworld_normal, ni_over_nt)
if isok:
reflect_prob = schlick(cosine, self.ref_idx)
else:
reflect_prob = 1.0
if random.random() < reflect_prob:
scattered = ray(rec.record[1], reflected)
else:
scattered = ray(rec.record[1], refracted)
return True, scattered, attenuation
def color(r, world, depth):
if isinstance(r, ray):
infinity = float('inf')
rec = hit_record()
if world.hit(r, 0.001, infinity, rec):
isscatter, s, a = rec.record[3].scatter(r, rec)
if depth < 50 and isscatter:
return a * color(s, world, depth+1)
else:
return vec3(0, 0, 0)
else:
unit_direction = vec3.unit_vector(r.direction())
t = 0.5*(unit_direction.y() + 1.0)
return (1.0-t)*vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0) + t*vec3(0.5, 0.7, 1.0)
else:
return NotImplemented
def refract(v, n, ni_over_nt):
uv = vec3.unit_vector(v)
dt = vec3.dot(uv, n)
discriminant = 1.0 - ni_over_nt*ni_over_nt*(1-dt*dt)
refracted = vec3(0, 0, 0)
if discriminant > 0:
refracted = ni_over_nt*(uv - n*dt) - n*math.sqrt(discriminant)
return True, refracted
else:
return False, refracted
def random_in_unit_disk():
while True:
p = 2.0 * vec3(random.random(), random.random(), 0) - vec3(1, 1, 0)
if vec3.dot(p, p) < 1:
break
return p
def __init__(self, t=0, p=vec3(0, 0, 0), normal=vec3(0, 0, 0), mat=0):
if isinstance(p, vec3) and isinstance(normal, vec3) and isinstance(
t, numbers.Real):
self.record = [t, p, normal, mat]
else:
return NotImplemented
def random_in_unit_sphere():
while True:
p = 2.0 * vec3(random.random(), random.random(), random.random()) - vec3(1, 1, 1)
if p.length() < 1.0:
break
return p
def random_scene():
hlist = []
hlist.append(sphere(vec3(0,-1000,0), 1000, lambertian(vec3(0.5, 0.5, 0.5))))
for a in range(-11, 11):
for b in range(-11, 11):
choose_mat = random.random()
center = vec3(a+0.9*random.random(), 0.2, b+0.9*random.random())
if (center - vec3(4, 0.2, 0)).length() > 0.9:
if choose_mat < 0.8:
hlist.append(sphere(center, 0.2, lambertian(vec3(random.random(), random.random(), random.random()))))
elif choose_mat < 0.95:
hlist.append(sphere(center, 0.2, metal(vec3(0.5*(1+random.random()), 0.5*(1+random.random()), 0.5*(1+random.random())), 0.5*random.random())))
else:
hlist.append(sphere(center, 0.2, dielectric(1.5)))
hlist.append(sphere(vec3(0, 1, 0), 1.0, dielectric(1.5)))
hlist.append(sphere(vec3(-4, 1, 0), 1.0, lambertian(vec3(0.4, 0.2, 0.1))))
hlist.append(sphere(vec3(4, 1, 0), 1.0, metal(vec3(0.7, 0.6, 0.5), 0.0)))
return hittable_list(hlist)
unit_direction = vec3.unit_vector(r.direction())
t = 0.5*(unit_direction.y() + 1.0)
return (1.0-t)*vec3(1.0, 1.0, 1.0) + t*vec3(0.5, 0.7, 1.0)
else:
return NotImplemented
if __name__ == '__main__':
file = r'.\out.ppm'
nx = 200
ny = 100
ns = 100
world = random_scene()
lookfrom = vec3(11, 5, 2)
lookat = vec3(0, 0, -1)
dist_to_focus = (lookfrom - lookat).length()
aperture = 0.05
with open(file, 'w') as p:
p.write("P3\n")
p.write("{} {}\n".format(nx, ny))
p.write("255\n")
for y in range(ny):
print(y)
for x in range(nx):
col = vec3(0, 0, 0)
cam = camera(lookfrom, lookat, vec3(0,1,0), 25, float(nx)/float(ny), aperture, dist_to_focus)
for z in range(ns):
