def argmax_crf1d(cost, xs):
alpha = xs[0]
alphas = []
max_inds = []
for x in xs[1:]:
batch = x.shape[0]
if alpha.shape[0] > batch:
alpha, alpha_rest = split_axis.split_axis(alpha, [batch], axis=0)
alphas.append(alpha_rest)
else:
alphas.append(None)
b_alpha, b_cost = broadcast.broadcast(alpha[..., None], cost)
scores = b_alpha + b_cost
max_ind = minmax.argmax(scores, axis=1)
max_inds.append(max_ind)
alpha = minmax.max(scores, axis=1) + x
inds = minmax.argmax(alpha, axis=1)
path = [inds.data]
for m, a in zip(max_inds[::-1], alphas[::-1]):
inds = select_item.select_item(m, inds)
if a is not None:
inds = concat.concat([inds, minmax.argmax(a, axis=1)], axis=0)
path.append(inds.data)
path.reverse()
score = minmax.max(alpha, axis=1)
for a in alphas[::-1]:
if a is None:
continue
score = concat.concat([score, minmax.max(a, axis=1)], axis=0)
return score, path
def argmax_crf1d(cost, xs):
"""Computes a state that maximizes a joint probability of the given CRF.
Args:
cost (Variable): A :math:`K \\times K` matrix which holds transition
cost between two labels, where :math:`K` is the number of labels.
xs (list of Variable): Input vector for each label.
``len(xs)`` denotes the length of the sequence,
and each :class:`~chainer.Variable` holds a :math:`B \\times K`
matrix, where :math:`B` is mini-batch size, :math:`K` is the number
of labels.
Note that :math:`B` s in all the variables are not necessary
the same, i.e., it accepts the input sequences with different
lengths.
Returns:
tuple: A tuple of :class:`~chainer.Variable` object ``s`` and a
:class:`list` ``ps``.
The shape of ``s`` is ``(B,)``, where ``B`` is the mini-batch size.
i-th element of ``s``, ``s[i]``, represents log-likelihood of i-th
data.
``ps`` is a list of :class:`numpy.ndarray` or
:class:`cupy.ndarray`, and denotes the state that maximizes the
point probability.
``len(ps)`` is equal to ``len(xs)``, and shape of each ``ps[i]`` is
the mini-batch size of the corresponding ``xs[i]``. That means,
``ps[i].shape == xs[i].shape[0:1]``.
"""
alpha = xs[0]
alphas = []
max_inds = []
for x in xs[1:]:
batch = x.shape[0]
if alpha.shape[0] > batch:
alpha, alpha_rest = split_axis.split_axis(alpha, [batch], axis=0)
alphas.append(alpha_rest)
else:
alphas.append(None)
b_alpha, b_cost = broadcast.broadcast(alpha[..., None], cost)
scores = b_alpha + b_cost
max_ind = minmax.argmax(scores, axis=1)
max_inds.append(max_ind)
alpha = minmax.max(scores, axis=1) + x
inds = minmax.argmax(alpha, axis=1)
path = [inds.data]
for m, a in zip(max_inds[::-1], alphas[::-1]):
inds = select_item.select_item(m, inds)
if a is not None:
inds = concat.concat([inds, minmax.argmax(a, axis=1)], axis=0)
path.append(inds.data)
path.reverse()
score = minmax.max(alpha, axis=1)
for a in alphas[::-1]:
if a is None:
continue
score = concat.concat([score, minmax.max(a, axis=1)], axis=0)
return score, path
def __call__(self, *cshsx):
"""Returns new cell state and output of Child-Sum TreeLSTM.
Args:
cshsx (list of :class:`~chainer.Variable`): Variable arguments
which include all cell vectors and all output vectors of
variable children, and an input vector.
Returns:
tuple of ~chainer.Variable: Returns
:math:`(c_{new}, h_{new})`, where :math:`c_{new}` represents
new cell state vector, and :math:`h_{new}` is new output
vector.
"""
cs = cshsx[:len(cshsx) // 2]
hs = cshsx[len(cshsx) // 2:-1]
x = cshsx[-1]
assert (len(cshsx) % 2 == 1)
assert (len(cs) == len(hs))
if x is None:
if any(c is not None for c in cs):
base = [c for c in cs if c is not None][0]
elif any(h is not None for h in hs):
base = [h for h in hs if h is not None][0]
else:
raise ValueError('All inputs (cs, hs, x) are None.')
batchsize, dtype = base.shape[0], base.dtype
x = self.xp.zeros((batchsize, self.in_size), dtype=dtype)
W_x_in = self.W_x(x)
W_x_aio_in, W_x_f_in = split_axis.split_axis(W_x_in,
[3 * self.state_size],
axis=1)
if len(hs) == 0:
aio_in = W_x_aio_in
a, i, o = split_axis.split_axis(aio_in, 3, axis=1)
c = sigmoid.sigmoid(i) * tanh.tanh(a)
h = sigmoid.sigmoid(o) * tanh.tanh(c)
return c, h
hs = self._pad_zero_nodes(hs, (x.shape[0], self.state_size),
dtype=x.dtype)
cs = self._pad_zero_nodes(cs, (x.shape[0], self.state_size),
dtype=x.dtype)
aio_in = self.W_h_aio(sum(hs)) + W_x_aio_in
W_h_fs_in = concat.concat(split_axis.split_axis(self.W_h_f(
concat.concat(hs, axis=0)),
len(hs),
axis=0),
axis=1)
f_in = W_h_fs_in + \
concat.concat([W_x_f_in] * len(hs), axis=1)
tree_lstm_in = concat.concat([aio_in, f_in], axis=1)
return tree_lstm.tree_lstm(*(cs + (tree_lstm_in, )))
def __call__(self, c, h):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the Cell outputs.
Remember to treat this Grid cell as if its an LSTM and pass
``c`` as well as ``h``. Only parts of ``c`` will be used
depending on whether there is a LSTM or not.
Args:
c (~chainer.Variable): The previous memory information.
h (~chainer.Variable): The previous state information.
Returns:
tuple of ~chainer.Variable: Returns ``(c_new, h_new)``, where
``c_new`` represents new cell state, and ``h_new`` is updated
output. Parts of ``c_new`` will be useless.
"""
assert h is not None
assert c is not None
c = split_axis.split_axis(c, self.out_indices, 1, True)
h_list = []
h_curr = None
for layer_id, layer in enumerate(self):
layer_params = inspect.getargspec(layer)[0]
if 'c' in layer_params:
h_curr = layer(c[layer_id], h)
else:
h_curr = (c[layer_id], layer(h))
h_list.append(h_curr)
h_new = concat.concat([x[1] for x in h_list], 1)
c_new = concat.concat([x[0] for x in h_list], 1)
return c_new, h_new
def argmax_crf1d(cost, xs):
"""Computes a state that maximizes a joint probability of the given CRF.
Args:
cost (Variable): A :math:`K \\times K` matrix which holds transition
cost between two labels, where :math:`K` is the number of labels.
xs (list of Variable): Input vector for each label.
``len(xs)`` denotes the length of the sequence,
and each :class:`~chainer.Variable` holds a :math:`B \\times K`
matrix, where :math:`B` is mini-batch size, :math:`K` is the number
of labels.
Note that :math:`B`\\ s in all the variables are not necessary
the same, i.e., it accepts the input sequences with different
lengths.
Returns:
tuple: A tuple of :class:`~chainer.Variable` object ``s`` and a
:class:`list` ``ps``.
The shape of ``s`` is ``(B,)``, where ``B`` is the mini-batch size.
i-th element of ``s``, ``s[i]``, represents log-likelihood of i-th
data.
``ps`` is a list of :class:`numpy.ndarray` or
:class:`cupy.ndarray`, and denotes the state that maximizes the
point probability.
``len(ps)`` is equal to ``len(xs)``, and shape of each ``ps[i]`` is
the mini-batch size of the corresponding ``xs[i]``. That means,
``ps[i].shape == xs[i].shape[0:1]``.
"""
alpha = xs[0]
alphas = []
max_inds = []
for x in xs[1:]:
batch = x.shape[0]
if alpha.shape[0] > batch:
alpha, alpha_rest = split_axis.split_axis(alpha, [batch], axis=0)
alphas.append(alpha_rest)
else:
alphas.append(None)
b_alpha, b_cost = broadcast.broadcast(alpha[..., None], cost)
scores = b_alpha + b_cost
max_ind = minmax.argmax(scores, axis=1)
max_inds.append(max_ind)
alpha = minmax.max(scores, axis=1) + x
inds = minmax.argmax(alpha, axis=1)
path = [inds.data]
for m, a in zip(max_inds[::-1], alphas[::-1]):
inds = select_item.select_item(m, inds)
if a is not None:
inds = concat.concat([inds, minmax.argmax(a, axis=1)], axis=0)
path.append(inds.data)
path.reverse()
score = minmax.max(alpha, axis=1)
for a in alphas[::-1]:
if a is None:
continue
score = concat.concat([score, minmax.max(a, axis=1)], axis=0)
return score, path
def argmax_crf1d(cost, xs):
alpha = xs[0]
alphas = []
max_inds = []
for x in xs[1:]:
batch = x.shape[0]
if alpha.shape[0] > batch:
alpha, alpha_rest = split_axis.split_axis(alpha, [batch], axis=0)
alphas.append(alpha_rest)
else:
alphas.append(None)
b_alpha, b_cost = broadcast.broadcast(alpha[..., None], cost)
scores = b_alpha + b_cost
max_ind = minmax.argmax(scores, axis=1)
max_inds.append(max_ind)
alpha = minmax.max(scores, axis=1) + x
inds = minmax.argmax(alpha, axis=1)
path = [inds.data]
for m, a in zip(max_inds[::-1], alphas[::-1]):
inds = select_item.select_item(m, inds)
if a is not None:
inds = concat.concat([inds, minmax.argmax(a, axis=1)], axis=0)
path.append(inds.data)
path.reverse()
score = minmax.max(alpha, axis=1)
for a in alphas[::-1]:
if a is None:
continue
score = concat.concat([score, minmax.max(a, axis=1)], axis=0)
return score, path
def __call__(self, x1, x2, eps=0.001, test=None):
h = x1
h_d = x2
h = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(h)))
h = F.max_pooling_2d(h, 3, stride=2)
# Res Blocks
h = self.res2(h, test=test) # 1/4
h = self.res3(h, test=test) # 1/8
pool1_8 = h
h = self.res4(h, test=test) # 1/16
pool1_16 = h
h = self.res5(h, test=test) # 1/32
pool1_32 = h
# upscore 1/32 -> 1/1
h = self.upscore32(pool1_32)
upscore1 = h # 1/1
# upscore 1/16 -> 1/1
h = self.upscore16(pool1_16)
upscore2 = h # 1/1
# concat conv
h = concat.concat((upscore1, upscore2, pool1_8), axis=1)
h = F.relu(self.concat_conv(h))
concat_pool = h
# score
h = F.relu(self.score_pool(concat_pool))
score1_8 = h
h = F.relu(self.upscore_final(h))
score = h # 1/1
self.score = score # XXX: for backward compatibility
h = F.relu(self.cls_pool(concat_pool))
cls_pool1_8 = h
h_d = F.relu(self.bn_d1_1(self.conv_d1_1(h_d)))
h_d = F.relu(self.bn_d1_2(self.conv_d1_2(h_d)))
h_d = F.max_pooling_2d(h_d, 2, stride=2, pad=0) # 1/2
h_d = F.relu(self.bn_d2(self.conv_d2(h_d)))
h_d = F.max_pooling_2d(h_d, 2, stride=2, pad=0) # 1/4
h_d = F.relu(self.bn_d3(self.conv_d3(h_d)))
h_d = F.max_pooling_2d(h_d, 2, stride=2, pad=0) # 1/8
h_cp = concat.concat((h_d, pool1_8, cls_pool1_8), axis=1)
h_cp = F.relu(self.bn_cp_1(self.conv_cp_1(h_cp)))
h_cp = F.relu(self.bn_cp_2(self.conv_cp_2(h_cp)))
h_cp = F.relu(self.bn_cp_3(self.upscore_cp1(h_cp)))
cp_score = F.arctan(self.upscore_cp2(h_cp))
h_rot = concat.concat((h_d, pool1_8, cls_pool1_8), axis=1)
h_rot = F.relu(self.bn_rot_1(self.conv_rot_1(h_rot)))
h_rot = F.relu(self.bn_rot_2(self.conv_rot_2(h_rot)))
h_rot = F.relu(self.bn_rot_3(self.upscore_rot1(h_rot)))
rot_score = F.tanh(self.upscore_rot2(h_rot))
return score, cp_score, rot_score
def forward(self, *cshsx):
"""Returns new cell state and output of Child-Sum TreeLSTM.
Args:
cshsx (list of :class:`~chainer.Variable`): Variable arguments
which include all cell vectors and all output vectors of
variable children, and an input vector.
Returns:
tuple of ~chainer.Variable: Returns
:math:`(c_{new}, h_{new})`, where :math:`c_{new}` represents
new cell state vector, and :math:`h_{new}` is new output
vector.
"""
cs = cshsx[:len(cshsx) // 2]
hs = cshsx[len(cshsx) // 2:-1]
x = cshsx[-1]
assert(len(cshsx) % 2 == 1)
assert(len(cs) == len(hs))
if x is None:
if any(c is not None for c in cs):
base = [c for c in cs if c is not None][0]
elif any(h is not None for h in hs):
base = [h for h in hs if h is not None][0]
else:
raise ValueError('All inputs (cs, hs, x) are None.')
batchsize, dtype = base.shape[0], base.dtype
x = self.xp.zeros(
(batchsize, self.in_size), dtype=dtype)
W_x_in = self.W_x(x)
W_x_aio_in, W_x_f_in = split_axis.split_axis(
W_x_in, [3 * self.state_size], axis=1)
if len(hs) == 0:
aio_in = W_x_aio_in
a, i, o = split_axis.split_axis(aio_in, 3, axis=1)
c = sigmoid.sigmoid(i) * tanh.tanh(a)
h = sigmoid.sigmoid(o) * tanh.tanh(c)
return c, h
hs = self._pad_zero_nodes(
hs, (x.shape[0], self.state_size), dtype=x.dtype)
cs = self._pad_zero_nodes(
cs, (x.shape[0], self.state_size), dtype=x.dtype)
aio_in = self.W_h_aio(sum(hs)) + W_x_aio_in
W_h_fs_in = concat.concat(split_axis.split_axis(
self.W_h_f(concat.concat(hs, axis=0)), len(hs), axis=0),
axis=1)
f_in = W_h_fs_in + \
concat.concat([W_x_f_in] * len(hs), axis=1)
tree_lstm_in = concat.concat([aio_in, f_in], axis=1)
return tree_lstm.tree_lstm(*(cs + (tree_lstm_in, )))
def forward(self, x):
outs = []
if self.out1 > 0:
h1 = self.conv1(x)
h1 = self.conv1n(h1)
h1 = relu.relu(h1)
outs.append(h1)
h3 = relu.relu(self.proj3n(self.proj3(x)))
h3 = relu.relu(self.conv3n(self.conv3(h3)))
outs.append(h3)
h33 = relu.relu(self.proj33n(self.proj33(x)))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33an(self.conv33a(h33)))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33bn(self.conv33b(h33)))
outs.append(h33)
if self.pooltype == 'max':
p = max_pooling_nd.max_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride, pad=1,
cover_all=False)
else:
p = average_pooling_2d.average_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride,
pad=1)
if self.proj_pool is not None:
p = relu.relu(self.poolpn(self.poolp(p)))
outs.append(p)
y = concat.concat(outs, axis=1)
return y
def _one_directional_loop(di):
# di=0, forward RNN
# di=1, backward RNN
xs_list = xs_next if di == 0 else reversed(xs_next)
layer_idx = direction * layer + di
h = hx[layer_idx]
h_list = []
for x in xs_list:
batch = x.shape[0]
if h.shape[0] > batch:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
else:
h_rest = None
if layer > 0:
x = dropout.dropout(x, ratio=dropout_ratio)
rnn_in = (
linear.linear(x, xws[layer_idx], xbs[layer_idx]) +
linear.linear(h, hws[layer_idx], hbs[layer_idx]))
if activation == 'tanh':
h_bar = tanh.tanh(rnn_in)
elif activation == 'relu':
h_bar = relu.relu(rnn_in)
if h_rest is not None:
h = concat.concat([h_bar, h_rest], axis=0)
else:
h = h_bar
h_list.append(h_bar)
return h, h_list
def _gru(x, h, c, w, b):
xw = concat.concat([w[0], w[1], w[2]], axis=0)
hw = concat.concat([w[3], w[4], w[5]], axis=0)
xb = concat.concat([b[0], b[1], b[2]], axis=0)
hb = concat.concat([b[3], b[4], b[5]], axis=0)
gru_x = linear.linear(x, xw, xb)
gru_h = linear.linear(h, hw, hb)
W_r_x, W_z_x, W_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_x, 3, axis=1)
U_r_h, U_z_h, U_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_h, 3, axis=1)
r = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_r_x + U_r_h)
z = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_z_x + U_z_h)
h_bar = tanh.tanh(W_x + r * U_x)
return (1 - z) * h_bar + z * h, None
def __call__(self, x, **kwargs):
lstm_fw = self.lstm_fw(x, **kwargs)
lstm_bw = self.lstm_bw(x, **kwargs)
if self.concat:
return concat([lstm_fw, lstm_bw], axis=2)
else:
return lstm_fw + lstm_bw
def _gru(x, h, c, w, b):
xw = concat.concat([w[0], w[1], w[2]], axis=0)
hw = concat.concat([w[3], w[4], w[5]], axis=0)
xb = concat.concat([b[0], b[1], b[2]], axis=0)
hb = concat.concat([b[3], b[4], b[5]], axis=0)
gru_x = linear.linear(x, xw, xb)
gru_h = linear.linear(h, hw, hb)
W_r_x, W_z_x, W_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_x, 3, axis=1)
U_r_h, U_z_h, U_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_h, 3, axis=1)
r = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_r_x + U_r_h)
z = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_z_x + U_z_h)
h_bar = tanh.tanh(W_x + r * U_x)
return (1 - z) * h_bar + z * h, None
def __call__(self, x):
outs = []
if self.out1 > 0:
h1 = self.f.conv1(x)
h1 = self.f.conv1n(h1)
h1 = relu.relu(h1)
outs.append(h1)
h3 = relu.relu(self.f.proj3n(self.f.proj3(x)))
h3 = relu.relu(self.f.conv3n(self.f.conv3(h3)))
outs.append(h3)
h33 = relu.relu(self.f.proj33n(self.f.proj33(x)))
h33 = relu.relu(self.f.conv33an(self.f.conv33a(h33)))
h33 = relu.relu(self.f.conv33bn(self.f.conv33b(h33)))
outs.append(h33)
p = self.f.pool(x)
if self.proj_pool is not None:
p = relu.relu(self.f.poolpn(self.f.poolp(p)))
outs.append(p)
y = concat.concat(outs, axis=1)
return y
def _offset2grid(offset, kh, kw, sy, sx, ph, pw, h, w):
n, khkw2, out_h, out_w = offset.shape
khkw = int(khkw2 / 2)
xp = cuda.get_array_module(offset)
ys, xs = xp.meshgrid(
xp.arange(0, sy * out_h, sy, dtype=numpy.float32),
xp.arange(0, sx * out_w, sx, dtype=numpy.float32), indexing='ij',
copy=False
)
filter_offset_x = xp.tile(xp.arange(kw, dtype=numpy.float32), kh)
filter_offset_y = xp.repeat(xp.arange(kh, dtype=numpy.float32), kw)
x_coord = (offset[:, :khkw] + xs[None, None] +
filter_offset_x[None, :, None, None])
y_coord = (offset[:, khkw:] + ys[None, None] +
filter_offset_y[None, :, None, None])
# The values of this variable is clipped in range [-1, 1].
# The coordinate (-1, -1) corresponds to the upper-left
# corner of the input image.
x_coord = (x_coord / (w + 2 * pw - 1) - 0.5) * 2
y_coord = (y_coord / (h + 2 * ph - 1) - 0.5) * 2
# Shape of `coord` is (n, 2 * kh * kw, out_h, out_w)
coord = concat.concat([x_coord, y_coord], axis=1)
return coord
def __call__(self, x):
test = not self.train
outs = []
if self.out1 > 0:
h1 = self.conv1(x)
h1 = self.conv1n(h1, test=test)
h1 = relu.relu(h1)
outs.append(h1)
h3 = relu.relu(self.proj3n(self.proj3(x), test=test))
h3 = relu.relu(self.conv3n(self.conv3(h3), test=test))
outs.append(h3)
h33 = relu.relu(self.proj33n(self.proj33(x), test=test))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33an(self.conv33a(h33), test=test))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33bn(self.conv33b(h33), test=test))
outs.append(h33)
if self.pooltype == 'max':
p = max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride, pad=1)
else:
p = average_pooling_2d.average_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride,
pad=1)
if self.proj_pool is not None:
p = relu.relu(self.poolpn(self.poolp(p), test=test))
outs.append(p)
y = concat.concat(outs, axis=1)
return y
def __call__(self, x):
test = not self.train
outs = []
if self.out1 > 0:
h1 = self.conv1(x)
h1 = self.conv1n(h1, test=test)
h1 = relu.relu(h1)
outs.append(h1)
h3 = relu.relu(self.proj3n(self.proj3(x), test=test))
h3 = relu.relu(self.conv3n(self.conv3(h3), test=test))
outs.append(h3)
h33 = relu.relu(self.proj33n(self.proj33(x), test=test))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33an(self.conv33a(h33), test=test))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33bn(self.conv33b(h33), test=test))
outs.append(h33)
if self.pooltype == 'max':
p = max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride, pad=1)
else:
p = average_pooling_2d.average_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride,
pad=1)
if self.proj_pool is not None:
p = relu.relu(self.poolpn(self.poolp(p), test=test))
outs.append(p)
y = concat.concat(outs, axis=1)
return y
def __call__(self, x1, x2):
h = x1
ksizes = x2
h = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(h)))
h = F.max_pooling_2d(h, 3, stride=2)
# Res Blocks
h = self.res2(h) # 1/4
pool1_4 = h
h = self.res3(h) # 1/8
# upscore 1/8 -> 1/4
pool1_8 = self.upscore2(h)
h = self.res4(h) # 1/16
# upscore 1/16 -> 1/4
h = self.upscore1(h)
# concat 1 / 4
h = F.leaky_relu(
self.bn_upscore(concat.concat((h, pool1_8, pool1_4), axis=1)))
h = F.relu(self.bn_concat(self.concat_conv(h)))
ksizes = F.ceil(
F.resize_images((ksizes * 5), (h.data.shape[2], h.data.shape[3])))
h = convolutional_roi_pooling(h, ksizes, out_ksize=self.out_ksize)
h = F.relu(self.bn_croip1(self.pool_roi_conv(h)))
h = F.relu(self.bn_croip2(self.conv_after_croip1(h)))
h = F.relu(self.bn_croip3(self.conv_after_croip2(h)))
# score #1 / 4
h = F.relu(self.score_conv(h))
score = h # 1/4
return score
def _one_directional_loop(di):
# di=0, forward RNN
# di=1, backward RNN
xs_list = xs_next if di == 0 else reversed(xs_next)
layer_idx = direction * layer + di
h = hx[layer_idx]
h_list = []
for x in xs_list:
batch = x.shape[0]
if h.shape[0] > batch:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
else:
h_rest = None
if layer > 0:
x = dropout.dropout(x, ratio=dropout_ratio)
rnn_in = (linear.linear(x, xws[layer_idx],
xbs[layer_idx]) +
linear.linear(h, hws[layer_idx], hbs[layer_idx]))
if activation == 'tanh':
h_bar = tanh.tanh(rnn_in)
elif activation == 'relu':
h_bar = relu.relu(rnn_in)
if h_rest is not None:
h = concat.concat([h_bar, h_rest], axis=0)
else:
h = h_bar
h_list.append(h_bar)
return h, h_list
def _one_directional_loop(di):
# di=0, forward GRU
# di=1, backward GRU
xs_list = xs_next if di == 0 else reversed(xs_next)
layer_idx = direction * layer + di
h = hx[layer_idx]
h_list = []
for x in xs_list:
batch = x.shape[0]
if h.shape[0] > batch:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
else:
h_rest = None
if layer > 0:
x = dropout.dropout(x, ratio=dropout_ratio)
gru_x = linear.linear(x, xws[layer_idx], xbs[layer_idx])
gru_h = linear.linear(h, hws[layer_idx], hbs[layer_idx])
W_r_x, W_z_x, W_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_x, 3, axis=1)
U_r_h, U_z_h, U_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_h, 3, axis=1)
r = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_r_x + U_r_h)
z = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_z_x + U_z_h)
h_bar = tanh.tanh(W_x + r * U_x)
h_bar = (1 - z) * h_bar + z * h
if h_rest is not None:
h = concat.concat([h_bar, h_rest], axis=0)
else:
h = h_bar
h_list.append(h_bar)
return h, h_list
def _offset2grid(offset, kh, kw, sy, sx, ph, pw, h, w):
n, khkw2, out_h, out_w = offset.shape
khkw = int(khkw2 / 2)
xp = cuda.get_array_module(offset)
ys, xs = xp.meshgrid(xp.arange(0, sy * out_h, sy, dtype=numpy.float32),
xp.arange(0, sx * out_w, sx, dtype=numpy.float32),
indexing='ij',
copy=False)
filter_offset_x = xp.tile(xp.arange(kw, dtype=numpy.float32), kh)
filter_offset_y = xp.repeat(xp.arange(kh, dtype=numpy.float32), kw)
x_coord = (offset[:, :khkw] + xs[None, None] +
filter_offset_x[None, :, None, None])
y_coord = (offset[:, khkw:] + ys[None, None] +
filter_offset_y[None, :, None, None])
# The values of this variable is clipped in range [-1, 1].
# The coordinate (-1, -1) corresponds to the upper-left
# corner of the input image.
x_coord = (x_coord / (w + 2 * pw - 1) - 0.5) * 2
y_coord = (y_coord / (h + 2 * ph - 1) - 0.5) * 2
# Shape of `coord` is (n, 2 * kh * kw, out_h, out_w)
coord = concat.concat([x_coord, y_coord], axis=1)
return coord
def _one_directional_loop(di):
# di=0, forward GRU
# di=1, backward GRU
xs_list = xs_next if di == 0 else reversed(xs_next)
layer_idx = direction * layer + di
h = hx[layer_idx]
h_list = []
for x in xs_list:
batch = x.shape[0]
if h.shape[0] > batch:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
else:
h_rest = None
if layer > 0:
x = dropout.dropout(x, ratio=dropout_ratio)
gru_x = linear.linear(x, xws[layer_idx], xbs[layer_idx])
gru_h = linear.linear(h, hws[layer_idx], hbs[layer_idx])
W_r_x, W_z_x, W_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_x, 3, axis=1)
U_r_h, U_z_h, U_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_h, 3, axis=1)
r = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_r_x + U_r_h)
z = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_z_x + U_z_h)
h_bar = tanh.tanh(W_x + r * U_x)
h_bar = (1 - z) * h_bar + z * h
if h_rest is not None:
h = concat.concat([h_bar, h_rest], axis=0)
else:
h = h_bar
h_list.append(h_bar)
return h, h_list
def forward(self, x):
outs = []
if self.out1 > 0:
h1 = self.conv1(x)
h1 = self.conv1n(h1)
h1 = relu.relu(h1)
outs.append(h1)
h3 = relu.relu(self.proj3n(self.proj3(x)))
h3 = relu.relu(self.conv3n(self.conv3(h3)))
outs.append(h3)
h33 = relu.relu(self.proj33n(self.proj33(x)))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33an(self.conv33a(h33)))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33bn(self.conv33b(h33)))
outs.append(h33)
if self.pooltype == 'max':
p = max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride, pad=1,
cover_all=False)
else:
p = average_pooling_2d.average_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride,
pad=1)
if self.proj_pool is not None:
p = relu.relu(self.poolpn(self.poolp(p)))
outs.append(p)
y = concat.concat(outs, axis=1)
return y
def __call__(self, x, **kwargs):
lstm_fw = self.lstm_fw(x, **kwargs)
lstm_bw = self.lstm_bw(x, **kwargs)
if self.concat:
return concat([lstm_fw, lstm_bw], axis=2)
else:
return lstm_fw + lstm_bw
def __call__(self, x):
out1 = self.f.conv1(x)
out3 = self.f.conv3(relu.relu(self.f.proj3(x)))
out5 = self.f.conv5(relu.relu(self.f.proj5(x)))
pool = self.f.projp(max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(
x, 3, stride=1, pad=1))
y = relu.relu(concat.concat((out1, out3, out5, pool), axis=1))
return y
def __call__(self, x):
out1 = self.f.conv1(x)
out3 = self.f.conv3(relu.relu(self.f.proj3(x)))
out5 = self.f.conv5(relu.relu(self.f.proj5(x)))
pool = self.f.projp(
max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=1, pad=1))
y = relu.relu(concat.concat((out1, out3, out5, pool), axis=1))
return y
def _one_directional_loop(f, xs, h, c, w, b):
h_list = []
for x in xs:
batch = len(x)
need_split = len(h) > batch
if need_split:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
if c is not None:
c, c_rest = split_axis.split_axis(c, [batch], axis=0)
h, c = f(x, h, c, w, b)
h_list.append(h)
if need_split:
h = concat.concat([h, h_rest], axis=0)
if c is not None:
c = concat.concat([c, c_rest], axis=0)
return h, c, h_list
def _one_directional_loop(f, xs, h, c, w, b):
h_list = []
for x in xs:
batch = len(x)
need_split = len(h) > batch
if need_split:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
if c is not None:
c, c_rest = split_axis.split_axis(c, [batch], axis=0)
h, c = f(x, h, c, w, b)
h_list.append(h)
if need_split:
h = concat.concat([h, h_rest], axis=0)
if c is not None:
c = concat.concat([c, c_rest], axis=0)
return h, c, h_list
def _one_directional_loop(di):
# di=0, forward LSTM
# di=1, backward LSTM
h_list = []
c_list = []
layer_idx = direction * layer + di
h = hx[layer_idx]
c = cx[layer_idx]
if di == 0:
xs_list = xs_next
else:
xs_list = reversed(xs_next)
counter = 0
for x in xs_list:
counter += 1
batch = x.shape[0]
if h.shape[0] > batch:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
c, c_rest = split_axis.split_axis(c, [batch], axis=0)
else:
h_rest = None
c_rest = None
if layer != 0:
x = dropout.dropout(x, ratio=dropout_ratio)
if counter == 4:
lstm_in = linear.linear(x, xws[layer_idx],
xbs[layer_idx])
else:
lstm_in = linear.linear(
x, xws[layer_idx], xbs[layer_idx]) + linear.linear(
h, hws[layer_idx], hbs[layer_idx])
c_bar, h_bar = lstm.lstm(c, lstm_in)
if h_rest is not None:
h = concat.concat([h_bar, h_rest], axis=0)
c = concat.concat([c_bar, c_rest], axis=0)
else:
h = h_bar
c = c_bar
h_list.append(h_bar)
c_list.append(c_bar)
return h, c, h_list, c_list
def n_step_rnn_impl(f, n_layers, dropout_ratio, hx, cx, ws, bs, xs,
use_bi_direction):
direction = 2 if use_bi_direction else 1
hx = chainer.functions.separate(hx)
use_cell = cx is not None
if use_cell:
cx = chainer.functions.separate(cx)
else:
cx = [None] * len(hx)
xs_next = xs
hy = []
cy = []
for layer in six.moves.range(n_layers):
# Forward RNN
if layer == 0:
xs = xs_next
else:
xs = _dropout_sequence(xs_next, dropout_ratio)
idx = direction * layer
h, c, h_forward = _one_directional_loop(f, xs, hx[idx], cx[idx],
ws[idx], bs[idx])
hy.append(h)
cy.append(c)
if use_bi_direction:
# Backward RNN
idx = direction * layer + 1
if layer == 0:
xs = xs_next
else:
xs = _dropout_sequence(xs_next, dropout_ratio)
h, c, h_backward = _one_directional_loop(f, reversed(xs), hx[idx],
cx[idx], ws[idx], bs[idx])
h_backward.reverse()
# Concat
xs_next = [
concat.concat([hfi, hbi], axis=1)
for hfi, hbi in six.moves.zip(h_forward, h_backward)
]
hy.append(h)
cy.append(c)
else:
# Uni-directional RNN
xs_next = h_forward
ys = xs_next
hy = stack.stack(hy)
if use_cell:
cy = stack.stack(cy)
else:
cy = None
return hy, cy, tuple(ys)
def __call__(self, x):
x = self.embed(x)
xs = split_axis.split_axis(x, x.data.shape[1], 1)
ret = []
for x in xs:
x = self.rnn1(x)
x = self.rnn2(x)
x = self.linear(x)
x = reshape.reshape(x, x.data.shape + (-1, ))
ret.append(x)
ret = concat.concat(ret, axis=2)
return ret
def n_step_rnn_impl(
f, n_layers, dropout_ratio, hx, cx, ws, bs, xs, use_bi_direction):
direction = 2 if use_bi_direction else 1
hx = chainer.functions.separate(hx)
use_cell = cx is not None
if use_cell:
cx = chainer.functions.separate(cx)
else:
cx = [None] * len(hx)
xs_next = xs
hy = []
cy = []
for layer in six.moves.range(n_layers):
# Forward RNN
if layer == 0:
xs = xs_next
else:
xs = _dropout_sequence(xs_next, dropout_ratio)
idx = direction * layer
h, c, h_forward = _one_directional_loop(
f, xs, hx[idx], cx[idx], ws[idx], bs[idx])
hy.append(h)
cy.append(c)
if use_bi_direction:
# Backward RNN
idx = direction * layer + 1
if layer == 0:
xs = xs_next
else:
xs = _dropout_sequence(xs_next, dropout_ratio)
h, c, h_backward = _one_directional_loop(
f, reversed(xs), hx[idx], cx[idx], ws[idx], bs[idx])
h_backward.reverse()
# Concat
xs_next = [concat.concat([hfi, hbi], axis=1) for hfi, hbi in
six.moves.zip(h_forward, h_backward)]
hy.append(h)
cy.append(c)
else:
# Uni-directional RNN
xs_next = h_forward
ys = xs_next
hy = stack.stack(hy)
if use_cell:
cy = stack.stack(cy)
else:
cy = None
return hy, cy, tuple(ys)
def stack(xs, axis=0):
"""Concatenate variables along a new axis.
Args:
xs (list of chainer.Variable): Variables to be concatenated.
axis (int): Axis of result along which variables are stacked.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Output variable.
"""
xs = [expand_dims.expand_dims(x, axis=axis) for x in xs]
return concat.concat(xs, axis=axis)
def black_out(x, t, W, samples):
"""BlackOut loss function.
BlackOut loss function is defined as
.. math::
-\\log(p(t)) - \\sum_{s \\in S} \\log(1 - p(s)),
where :math:`t` is the correct label, :math:`S` is a set of negative
examples and :math:`p(\cdot)` is likelihood of a given label.
And, :math:`p` is defined as
.. math::
p(y) = \\frac{\\exp(W_y^\\top x)}{
\\sum_{s \\in samples} \\exp(W_s^\\top x)}.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): Batch of input vectors.
t (~chainer.Variable): Vector of ground truth labels.
W (~chainer.Variable): Weight matrix.
samples (~chainer.Variable): Negative samples.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Loss value.
See: `BlackOut: Speeding up Recurrent Neural Network Language Models With \
Very Large Vocabularies <https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06909>`_
.. seealso:: :class:`~chainer.links.BlackOut`.
"""
batch_size = x.shape[0]
neg_emb = embed_id.embed_id(samples, W)
neg_y = matmul.batch_matmul(neg_emb, x)
neg_y = reshape.reshape(neg_y, neg_y.shape[:-1])
pos_emb = expand_dims.expand_dims(embed_id.embed_id(t, W), 1)
pos_y = matmul.batch_matmul(pos_emb, x)
pos_y = reshape.reshape(pos_y, pos_y.shape[:-1])
logz = logsumexp.logsumexp(concat.concat([pos_y, neg_y]), axis=1)
blogz, bneg_y = broadcast.broadcast(
reshape.reshape(logz, (batch_size, 1)), neg_y)
ny = exponential.log(1 - exponential.exp(bneg_y - blogz))
py = reshape.reshape(pos_y, (batch_size,))
loss = py - logz + _sum.sum(ny, axis=1)
return -_sum.sum(loss) / batch_size
def black_out(x, t, W, samples):
"""BlackOut loss function.
BlackOut loss function is defined as
.. math::
-\\log(p(t)) - \\sum_{s \\in S} \\log(1 - p(s)),
where :math:`t` is the correct label, :math:`S` is a set of negative
examples and :math:`p(\cdot)` is likelihood of a given label.
And, :math:`p` is defined as
.. math::
p(y) = \\frac{\\exp(W_y^\\top x)}{
\\sum_{s \\in samples} \\exp(W_s^\\top x)}.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): Batch of input vectors.
t (~chainer.Variable): Vector of ground truth labels.
W (~chainer.Variable): Weight matrix.
samples (~chainer.Variable): Negative samples.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Loss value.
See: `BlackOut: Speeding up Recurrent Neural Network Language Models With \
Very Large Vocabularies <https://arxiv.org/abs/1511.06909>`_
.. seealso:: :class:`~chainer.links.BlackOut`.
"""
batch_size = x.shape[0]
neg_emb = embed_id.embed_id(samples, W)
neg_y = matmul.batch_matmul(neg_emb, x)
neg_y = reshape.reshape(neg_y, neg_y.shape[:-1])
pos_emb = expand_dims.expand_dims(embed_id.embed_id(t, W), 1)
pos_y = matmul.batch_matmul(pos_emb, x)
pos_y = reshape.reshape(pos_y, pos_y.shape[:-1])
logz = logsumexp.logsumexp(concat.concat([pos_y, neg_y]), axis=1)
blogz, bneg_y = broadcast.broadcast(reshape.reshape(logz, (batch_size, 1)),
neg_y)
ny = exponential.log(1 - exponential.exp(bneg_y - blogz))
py = reshape.reshape(pos_y, (batch_size, ))
loss = py - logz + _sum.sum(ny, axis=1)
return -_sum.sum(loss) / batch_size
def _one_directional_loop(di):
# di=0, forward LSTM
# di=1, backward LSTM
h_list = []
c_list = []
layer_idx = direction * layer + di
h = hx[layer_idx]
c = cx[layer_idx]
if di == 0:
xs_list = xs_next
else:
xs_list = reversed(xs_next)
for x in xs_list:
batch = x.shape[0]
if h.shape[0] > batch:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
c, c_rest = split_axis.split_axis(c, [batch], axis=0)
else:
h_rest = None
c_rest = None
if layer != 0:
x = dropout.dropout(x, ratio=dropout_ratio,
train=train)
lstm_in = linear.linear(x, xws[layer_idx],
xbs[layer_idx]) + \
linear.linear(h, hws[layer_idx], hbs[layer_idx])
c_bar, h_bar = lstm.lstm(c, lstm_in)
if h_rest is not None:
h = concat.concat([h_bar, h_rest], axis=0)
c = concat.concat([c_bar, c_rest], axis=0)
else:
h = h_bar
c = c_bar
h_list.append(h_bar)
c_list.append(c_bar)
return h, c, h_list, c_list
def __call__(self, x):
x = self.embed(x)
xs = split_axis.split_axis(x, x.data.shape[1], 1)
ret = []
for x in xs:
for l in self.rnns:
x = l(x)
x = dropout.dropout(x, 0.25, self.train)
for l in self.linears:
x = l(x)
x = reshape.reshape(x, x.data.shape + (-1, ))
ret.append(x)
ret = concat.concat(ret, axis=2)
return ret
def __call__(self, x):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the LSTM outputs.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): A new batch from the input sequence.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Outputs of updated LSTM units.
"""
if self.upward.has_uninitialized_params:
in_size = x.size // x.shape[0]
self.upward._initialize_params(in_size)
self._initialize_params()
batch = x.shape[0]
lstm_in = self.upward(x)
h_rest = None
if self.h is not None:
h_size = self.h.shape[0]
if batch == 0:
h_rest = self.h
elif h_size < batch:
msg = ('The batch size of x must be equal to or less than the '
'size of the previous state h.')
raise TypeError(msg)
elif h_size > batch:
h_update, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(self.h, [batch],
axis=0)
lstm_in += self.lateral(h_update)
else:
lstm_in += self.lateral(self.h)
if self.c is None:
xp = self.xp
self.c = variable.Variable(xp.zeros((batch, self.state_size),
dtype=x.dtype),
volatile='auto')
# self.c, y = lstm.lstm(self.c, lstm_in)
c, y = lstm.lstm(self.c, lstm_in)
enable = (x.data != -1)
self.c = where(enable, c, self.c)
if self.h is not None:
y = where(enable, y, self.h)
if h_rest is None:
self.h = y
elif len(y.data) == 0:
self.h = h_rest
else:
self.h = concat.concat([y, h_rest], axis=0)
return y
def __call__(self, x):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the LSTM outputs.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): A new batch from the input sequence.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Outputs of updated LSTM units.
"""
if self.upward.has_uninitialized_params:
with cuda.get_device_from_id(self._device_id):
in_size = x.size // x.shape[0]
self.upward._initialize_params(in_size)
self._initialize_params()
batch = x.shape[0]
lstm_in = self.upward(x)
h_rest = None
if self.h is not None:
h_size = self.h.shape[0]
if batch == 0:
h_rest = self.h
elif h_size < batch:
msg = ('The batch size of x must be equal to or less than'
'the size of the previous state h.')
raise TypeError(msg)
elif h_size > batch:
h_update, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(
self.h, [batch], axis=0)
lstm_in += self.lateral(h_update)
else:
lstm_in += self.lateral(self.h)
if self.c is None:
xp = self.xp
with cuda.get_device_from_id(self._device_id):
self.c = variable.Variable(
xp.zeros((batch, self.state_size), dtype=x.dtype),
volatile='auto')
self.c, y = lstm.lstm(self.c, lstm_in)
if h_rest is None:
self.h = y
elif len(y.data) == 0:
self.h = h_rest
else:
self.h = concat.concat([y, h_rest], axis=0)
return y
def __call__(self, c, h):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the Cell outputs.
Args:
c (~chainer.Variable): The previous memory of the Grid cell.
h (~chainer.Variable): The batched form of the previous state.
Returns:
tuple of ~chainer.Variable: Returns ``(c_new, h_new)``, where
``c_new`` represents new cell state, and ``h_new`` is updated
output of LSTM units.
"""
assert h is not None
assert c is not None
c = split_axis.split_axis(c, self.out_indices, 1, True)
h_list = []
h_curr = None
for layer_id, layer in enumerate(self):
h_curr = layer(c[layer_id], h)
h_list.append(h_curr)
h_new = concat.concat([x[1] for x in h_list], 1)
c_new = concat.concat([x[0] for x in h_list], 1)
return c_new, h_new
def __call__(self, x):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the LSTM outputs.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): A new batch from the input sequence.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Outputs of updated LSTM units.
"""
if self.upward.W.data is None:
with cuda.get_device_from_id(self._device_id):
in_size = functools.reduce(operator.mul, x.shape[1:], 1)
self.upward._initialize_params(in_size)
self._initialize_params()
batch = x.shape[0]
lstm_in = self.upward(x)
h_rest = None
if self.h is not None:
h_size = self.h.shape[0]
if batch == 0:
h_rest = self.h
elif h_size < batch:
msg = ('The batch size of x must be equal to or less than'
'the size of the previous state h.')
raise TypeError(msg)
elif h_size > batch:
h_update, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(self.h, [batch],
axis=0)
lstm_in += self.lateral(h_update)
else:
lstm_in += self.lateral(self.h)
if self.c is None:
xp = self.xp
with cuda.get_device_from_id(self._device_id):
self.c = variable.Variable(
xp.zeros((batch, self.state_size), dtype=x.dtype))
self.c, y = lstm.lstm(self.c, lstm_in)
if h_rest is None:
self.h = y
elif len(y.data) == 0:
self.h = h_rest
else:
self.h = concat.concat([y, h_rest], axis=0)
return y
def forward(self, x):
"""Computes the output of the Inception module.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): Input variable.
Returns:
Variable: Output variable. Its array has the same spatial size and
the same minibatch size as the input array. The channel dimension
has size ``out1 + out3 + out5 + proj_pool``.
"""
out1 = self.conv1(x)
out3 = self.conv3(relu.relu(self.proj3(x)))
out5 = self.conv5(relu.relu(self.proj5(x)))
pool = self.projp(max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=1, pad=1))
y = relu.relu(concat.concat((out1, out3, out5, pool), axis=1))
return y
def forward(self, x):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the LSTM outputs.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): A new batch from the input sequence.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Outputs of updated LSTM units.
"""
if self.upward.W.array is None:
with chainer.using_device(self.device):
in_size = utils.size_of_shape(x.shape[1:])
self.upward._initialize_params(in_size)
self._initialize_params()
batch = x.shape[0]
lstm_in = self.upward(x)
h_rest = None
if self.h is not None:
h_size = self.h.shape[0]
if batch == 0:
h_rest = self.h
elif h_size < batch:
msg = ('The batch size of x must be equal to or less than'
'the size of the previous state h.')
raise TypeError(msg)
elif h_size > batch:
h_update, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(
self.h, [batch], axis=0)
lstm_in += self.lateral(h_update)
else:
lstm_in += self.lateral(self.h)
if self.c is None:
with chainer.using_device(self.device):
self.c = variable.Variable(
self.xp.zeros((batch, self.state_size), dtype=x.dtype))
self.c, y = lstm.lstm(self.c, lstm_in)
if h_rest is None:
self.h = y
elif len(y.array) == 0:
self.h = h_rest
else:
self.h = concat.concat([y, h_rest], axis=0)
return y
def __call__(self, x, test=None):
"""Computes the output of the InceptionBN module.
Args:
x (Variable): An input variable.
test (bool): If ``True``, batch normalization layers run in testing
mode; if ``test`` is omitted, ``not self.train`` is used as
``test``.
"""
if test is None:
test = not self.train
outs = []
if self.out1 > 0:
h1 = self.conv1(x)
h1 = self.conv1n(h1, test=test)
h1 = relu.relu(h1)
outs.append(h1)
h3 = relu.relu(self.proj3n(self.proj3(x), test=test))
h3 = relu.relu(self.conv3n(self.conv3(h3), test=test))
outs.append(h3)
h33 = relu.relu(self.proj33n(self.proj33(x), test=test))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33an(self.conv33a(h33), test=test))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33bn(self.conv33b(h33), test=test))
outs.append(h33)
if self.pooltype == 'max':
p = max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(x,
3,
stride=self.stride,
pad=1,
cover_all=False)
else:
p = average_pooling_2d.average_pooling_2d(x,
3,
stride=self.stride,
pad=1)
if self.proj_pool is not None:
p = relu.relu(self.poolpn(self.poolp(p), test=test))
outs.append(p)
y = concat.concat(outs, axis=1)
return y
def __call__(self, h):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the Cell outputs.
Args:
h (~chainer.Variable): The batched form of the previous state.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Returns h_new), where
``h_new`` is updated output of LSTM units.
"""
assert h is not None
h_list = []
h_curr = None
for layer in self:
h_curr = layer(h)
h_list.append(h_curr)
h_new = concat.concat(h_list, 1)
return h_new
def __call__(self, x1, eps=0.001):
h = x1
h = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(h)))
h = F.max_pooling_2d(h, 3, stride=2)
# Res Blocks
h = self.res2(h) # 1/4
h = self.res3(h) # 1/8
pool1_8 = h
h = self.res4(h) # 1/16
pool1_16 = h
h = self.res5(h) # 1/32
# upscore 1/32 -> 1/8
h = F.elu(self.bn_up32(self.upscore32(h)))
upscore1 = h # 1/8
# upscore 1/16 -> 1/8
upscore2 = F.elu(self.bn_up16(self.upscore16(pool1_16)))
# concat conv
h = concat.concat((upscore1, upscore2, pool1_8), axis=1)
h = F.relu(self.bn_concat(self.concat_conv(h)))
concat_pool = h
# score
h = F.elu(self.score_pool(concat_pool))
score1_8 = h
h = F.relu(self.upscore_final(h))
score = h # 1/1
h_cp = F.relu(self.bn_cp1(self.conv_cp1(concat_pool)))
h_ocp = h_cp
h_cp = F.relu(self.bn_cp2(self.conv_cp2(h_cp)))
h_cp = F.elu(self.bn_cp3(self.upscore_cp1(h_cp)))
h_cp = self.upscore_cp2(h_cp)
h_ocp = F.relu(self.bn_ocp2(self.conv_ocp2(h_ocp)))
h_ocp = F.elu(self.bn_ocp3(self.upscore_ocp1(h_ocp)))
h_ocp = self.upscore_ocp2(h_ocp)
cp_score = F.tanh(h_cp) * self.output_scale
ocp_score = F.tanh(h_ocp) * self.output_scale
return score, cp_score, ocp_score
def __call__(self, x):
"""Computes the output of the Inception module.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): Input variable.
Returns:
Variable: Output variable. Its array has the same spatial size and
the same minibatch size as the input array. The channel dimension
has size ``out1 + out3 + out5 + proj_pool``.
"""
out1 = self.conv1(x)
out3 = self.conv3(relu.relu(self.proj3(x)))
out5 = self.conv5(relu.relu(self.proj5(x)))
pool = self.projp(max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(
x, 3, stride=1, pad=1))
y = relu.relu(concat.concat((out1, out3, out5, pool), axis=1))
return y
def __call__(self, h, x):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the LSTM outputs.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): A new batch from the input sequence.
h (~chainer.Variable): The list of the previous cell outputs.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: A list of the outputs (h) of the updated
LSTM units over all the layers.
"""
h_list = []
h = split_axis.split_axis(h, self.num_layers, 1, True)
h_curr = x
for layer, h in six.moves.zip(self, h):
h_curr = layer(h, h_curr)
h_list.append(h_curr)
return concat.concat(h_list, 1)
def forward_one_step(self, hps, x_data, sensor_data, y_data, train=True):
x_r = Variable(x_data[:, 0:3, :, :], volatile=not train)
x_s = Variable(sensor_data, volatile=not train)
t = Variable(y_data, volatile=not train)
cn1_r = F.max_pooling_2d(self.prelu1_r(
self.bn1_r(self.conv1_r(x_r), test=not train)),
ksize=2,
stride=2,
pad=0)
cn2_r = F.max_pooling_2d(self.prelu2_r(
self.bn2_r(self.conv2_r(cn1_r), test=not train)),
ksize=2,
stride=2,
pad=0)
cn3_r = F.max_pooling_2d(self.prelu3_r(
self.bn3_r(self.conv3_r(cn2_r), test=not train)),
ksize=2,
stride=2,
pad=0)
cn5_rm = F.max_pooling_2d(self.prelu5(
self.bn5(self.conv5(cn3_r), test=not train)),
ksize=2,
stride=2,
pad=0)
sen6 = F.dropout(self.prelu6(self.bn6(self.fc6(x_s), test=not train)),
ratio=hps.dropout,
train=train)
cs7 = self.cccp7(
concat.concat(
(reshape.reshape(cn5_rm,
(cn5_rm.shape[0], 1, cn5_rm.shape[1] *
cn5_rm.shape[2] * cn5_rm.shape[3], 1)),
reshape.reshape(sen6, (sen6.shape[0], 1, sen6.shape[1], 1))),
axis=1))
cs8 = F.dropout(self.prelu8(self.bn8(self.fc8(cs7), test=not train)),
ratio=hps.dropout,
train=train)
y = self.fc9(cs8)
return y, F.mean_squared_error(y, t)
def __call__(self, x, test=None):
"""Computes the output of the InceptionBN module.
Args:
x (Variable): An input variable.
test (bool): If ``True``, batch normalization layers run in testing
mode; if ``test`` is omitted, ``not self.train`` is used as
``test``.
"""
if test is None:
test = not self.train
outs = []
if self.out1 > 0:
h1 = self.conv1(x)
h1 = self.conv1n(h1, test=test)
h1 = relu.relu(h1)
outs.append(h1)
h3 = relu.relu(self.proj3n(self.proj3(x), test=test))
h3 = relu.relu(self.conv3n(self.conv3(h3), test=test))
outs.append(h3)
h33 = relu.relu(self.proj33n(self.proj33(x), test=test))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33an(self.conv33a(h33), test=test))
h33 = relu.relu(self.conv33bn(self.conv33b(h33), test=test))
outs.append(h33)
if self.pooltype == 'max':
p = max_pooling_2d.max_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride, pad=1,
cover_all=False)
else:
p = average_pooling_2d.average_pooling_2d(x, 3, stride=self.stride,
pad=1)
if self.proj_pool is not None:
p = relu.relu(self.poolpn(self.poolp(p), test=test))
outs.append(p)
y = concat.concat(outs, axis=1)
return y
def __call__(self, x1, x2, eps=0.001):
h = x1
ksizes = x2
h = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(h)))
h = F.max_pooling_2d(h, 3, stride=2)
# Res Blocks
h = self.res2(h) # 1/4
h = self.res3(h) # 1/8
pool1_8 = h
h = self.res4(h) # 1/16
pool1_16 = h
h = self.res5(h) # 1/32
pool1_32 = h
# upscore 1/32 -> 1/4
pool1_32 = self.upscore1(pool1_32)
# upscore 1/16 -> 1/4
pool1_16 = self.upscore2(pool1_16)
# upscore 1/8 -> 1/4
pool1_8 = self.upscore3(pool1_8)
# concat 1 / 4
h = F.leaky_relu(
self.bn_upscore(
concat.concat((pool1_32, pool1_16, pool1_8), axis=1)))
h = F.relu(self.concat_conv(h))
ksizes = F.ceil(
F.resize_images((ksizes * 3), (h.data.shape[2], h.data.shape[3])))
h = convolutional_roi_pooling(h, ksizes, out_ksize=5)
h = F.relu(self.bn_croip1(self.pool_roi_conv(h)))
h = F.relu(self.bn_croip2(self.conv_after_croip(h)))
# score
h = F.relu(self.score_pool(h))
h = F.relu(self.upscore_final(h))
score = h # 1/1
return score
def __call__(self, x, top_n=None):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the LSTM outputs.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): A new batch from the input sequence.
top_n (int): The number of LSTMs from the top whose outputs
you want (default: outputs of all LSTMs are returned)
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: Outputs of updated LSTM units.
"""
if top_n is None:
top_n = self.num_layers
h_list = []
h_curr = x
for layer in self:
h_curr = layer(h_curr)
h_list.append(h_curr)
return concat.concat(h_list[-top_n:], 1)
def get_weights(self, hps, x_data, sensor_data, train=False):
x_r = Variable(x_data[:, 0:3, :, :], volatile=not train)
x_s = Variable(sensor_data, volatile=not train)
cn1_r = F.max_pooling_2d(self.prelu1_r(
self.bn1_r(self.conv1_r(x_r), test=not train)),
ksize=2,
stride=2,
pad=0)
cn2_r = F.max_pooling_2d(self.prelu2_r(
self.bn2_r(self.conv2_r(cn1_r), test=not train)),
ksize=2,
stride=2,
pad=0)
cn3_r = F.max_pooling_2d(self.prelu3_r(
self.bn3_r(self.conv3_r(cn2_r), test=not train)),
ksize=2,
stride=2,
pad=0)
cn5_rm = F.max_pooling_2d(self.prelu5(
self.bn5(self.conv5(cn3_r), test=not train)),
ksize=2,
stride=2,
pad=0)
sen6 = F.dropout(self.prelu6(self.bn6(self.fc6(x_s), test=not train)),
ratio=hps.dropout,
train=train)
cs7 = self.cccp7(
concat.concat(
(reshape.reshape(cn5_rm,
(cn5_rm.shape[0], 1, cn5_rm.shape[1] *
cn5_rm.shape[2] * cn5_rm.shape[3], 1)),
reshape.reshape(sen6, (sen6.shape[0], 1, sen6.shape[1], 1))),
axis=1))
cs8 = F.dropout(self.prelu8(self.bn8(self.fc8(cs7), test=not train)),
ratio=hps.dropout,
train=train)
return cuda.to_cpu(cs8.data)
def __call__(self, x1):
h = x1
h = F.relu(self.bn1(self.conv1(h)))
h = F.max_pooling_2d(h, 3, stride=2)
# Res Blocks
h = self.res2(h) # 1/4
h = self.res3(h) # 1/8
h = self.res4(h) # 1/16
pool1_16 = h
h = self.res5(h) # 1/32
# upscore 1/32 -> 1/8
h = F.elu(self.bn_up32(self.upscore32(h)))
upscore1 = h # 1/8
# upscore 1/16 -> 1/8
upscore2 = F.relu(self.bn_up16(self.upscore16(pool1_16)))
# concat conv
h = concat.concat((upscore1, upscore2), axis=1)
h = F.relu(self.bn_concat(self.concat_conv(h)))
concat_pool = F.dropout(h, ratio=0.1)
# score
h_cls = F.relu(self.bn_cls1(self.score_conv(F.dropout(h, ratio=0.1))))
h_cls = F.relu(self.bn_cls2(self.upscore_final1(h_cls)))
score = self.upscore_final2(h_cls)
h_cp = F.relu(self.bn_cp2(self.conv_cp2(concat_pool)))
h_cp = F.relu(self.bn_cp3(self.upscore_cp1(h_cp)))
h_cp = self.upscore_cp2(h_cp)
h_ocp = F.relu(self.bn_ocp2(self.conv_ocp2(concat_pool)))
h_ocp = F.relu(self.bn_ocp3(self.upscore_ocp1(h_ocp)))
h_ocp = self.upscore_ocp2(h_ocp)
cp_score = F.tanh(h_cp)
ocp_score = F.tanh(h_ocp)
return score, cp_score, ocp_score
def __call__(self, x, top_n=None):
"""Updates the internal state and returns the GRU outputs.
Args:
x (~chainer.Variable): A new batch from the input sequence.
top_n (int): The number of GRUs from the top whose outputs
you want (default: outputs of all GRUs are returned)
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: A concatenation of the outputs (h) of
the updated GRU units over the top N layers; by default
all layers are considered.
"""
if top_n is None:
top_n = self.num_layers
h_list = []
h_curr = x
for layer in self:
h_curr = layer(h_curr)
h_list.append(h_curr)
return concat.concat(h_list[-top_n:], 1)
def n_step_gru_base(n_layers, dropout_ratio, hx, ws, bs, xs,
use_bi_direction, **kwargs):
"""n_step_gru_base(n_layers, dropout_ratio, hx, ws, bs, xs, use_bi_direction)
Base function for Stack GRU/BiGRU functions.
This function is used at :func:`chainer.functions.n_step_bigru` and
:func:`chainer.functions.n_step_gru`.
This function's behavior depends on argument ``use_bi_direction``.
.. warning::
``train`` and ``use_cudnn`` arguments are not supported anymore since
v2.
Instead, use ``chainer.using_config('train', train)`` and
``chainer.using_config('use_cudnn', use_cudnn)`` respectively.
See :func:`chainer.using_config`.
Args:
n_layers(int): Number of layers.
dropout_ratio(float): Dropout ratio.
hx (chainer.Variable): Variable holding stacked hidden states.
Its shape is ``(S, B, N)`` where ``S`` is number of layers and is
equal to ``n_layers``, ``B`` is mini-batch size, and ``N`` is
dimension of hidden units. Because of bi-direction, the
first dimension length is ``2S``.
ws (list of list of chainer.Variable): Weight matrices. ``ws[i]``
represents weights for i-th layer.
Each ``ws[i]`` is a list containing six matrices.
``ws[i][j]`` is corresponding with ``W_j`` in the equation.
Only ``ws[0][j]`` where ``0 <= j < 3`` is ``(I, N)`` shape as they
are multiplied with input variables. All other matrices has
``(N, N)`` shape.
bs (list of list of chainer.Variable): Bias vectors. ``bs[i]``
represnents biases for i-th layer.
Each ``bs[i]`` is a list containing six vectors.
``bs[i][j]`` is corresponding with ``b_j`` in the equation.
Shape of each matrix is ``(N,)`` where ``N`` is dimension of
hidden units.
xs (list of chainer.Variable): A list of :class:`~chainer.Variable`
holding input values. Each element ``xs[t]`` holds input value
for time ``t``. Its shape is ``(B_t, I)``, where ``B_t`` is
mini-batch size for time ``t``, and ``I`` is size of input units.
Note that this functions supports variable length sequences.
When sequneces has different lengths, sort sequences in descending
order by length, and transpose the sorted sequence.
:func:`~chainer.functions.transpose_sequence` transpose a list
of :func:`~chainer.Variable` holding sequence.
So ``xs`` needs to satisfy
``xs[t].shape[0] >= xs[t + 1].shape[0]``.
activation (str): Activation function name.
Please select ``tanh`` or ``relu``.
use_bi_direction (bool): If ``True``, this function uses
Bi-direction GRU.
.. seealso::
:func:`chainer.functions.n_step_rnn`
:func:`chainer.functions.n_step_birnn`
""" # NOQA
argument.check_unexpected_kwargs(
kwargs, train='train argument is not supported anymore. '
'Use chainer.using_config',
use_cudnn='use_cudnn argument is not supported anymore. '
'Use chainer.using_config')
argument.assert_kwargs_empty(kwargs)
xp = cuda.get_array_module(hx, hx.data)
if xp is not numpy and chainer.should_use_cudnn('>=auto', 5000):
states = get_random_state().create_dropout_states(dropout_ratio)
# flatten all input variables
inputs = tuple(itertools.chain(
(hx, ),
itertools.chain.from_iterable(ws),
itertools.chain.from_iterable(bs),
xs))
if use_bi_direction:
rnn = NStepBiGRU(n_layers, states)
else:
rnn = NStepGRU(n_layers, states)
ret = rnn(*inputs)
hy, = ret[:1]
ys = ret[1:]
return hy, ys
else:
direction = 2 if use_bi_direction else 1
hx = split_axis.split_axis(hx, n_layers * direction, axis=0,
force_tuple=True)
hx = [reshape.reshape(h, h.shape[1:]) for h in hx]
xws = [concat.concat([w[0], w[1], w[2]], axis=0) for w in ws]
hws = [concat.concat([w[3], w[4], w[5]], axis=0) for w in ws]
xbs = [concat.concat([b[0], b[1], b[2]], axis=0) for b in bs]
hbs = [concat.concat([b[3], b[4], b[5]], axis=0) for b in bs]
xs_next = xs
hy = []
for layer in six.moves.range(n_layers):
def _one_directional_loop(di):
# di=0, forward GRU
# di=1, backward GRU
xs_list = xs_next if di == 0 else reversed(xs_next)
layer_idx = direction * layer + di
h = hx[layer_idx]
h_list = []
for x in xs_list:
batch = x.shape[0]
if h.shape[0] > batch:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
else:
h_rest = None
if layer > 0:
x = dropout.dropout(x, ratio=dropout_ratio)
gru_x = linear.linear(x, xws[layer_idx], xbs[layer_idx])
gru_h = linear.linear(h, hws[layer_idx], hbs[layer_idx])
W_r_x, W_z_x, W_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_x, 3, axis=1)
U_r_h, U_z_h, U_x = split_axis.split_axis(gru_h, 3, axis=1)
r = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_r_x + U_r_h)
z = sigmoid.sigmoid(W_z_x + U_z_h)
h_bar = tanh.tanh(W_x + r * U_x)
h_bar = (1 - z) * h_bar + z * h
if h_rest is not None:
h = concat.concat([h_bar, h_rest], axis=0)
else:
h = h_bar
h_list.append(h_bar)
return h, h_list
# Forward GRU
h, h_forward = _one_directional_loop(di=0)
hy.append(h)
if use_bi_direction:
# Backward GRU
h, h_backward = _one_directional_loop(di=1)
h_backward.reverse()
# Concat
xs_next = [concat.concat([hfi, hbi], axis=1) for (hfi, hbi) in
six.moves.zip(h_forward, h_backward)]
hy.append(h)
else:
# Uni-directional GRU
xs_next = h_forward
ys = xs_next
hy = stack.stack(hy)
return hy, tuple(ys)
def crf1d(cost, xs, ys, reduce='mean'):
"""Calculates negative log-likelihood of linear-chain CRF.
It takes a transition cost matrix, a sequence of costs, and a sequence of
labels. Let :math:`c_{st}` be a transition cost from a label :math:`s` to
a label :math:`t`, :math:`x_{it}` be a cost of a label :math:`t` at
position :math:`i`, and :math:`y_i` be an expected label at position
:math:`i`. The negative log-likelihood of linear-chain CRF is defined as
.. math::
L = -\\left( \\sum_{i=1}^l x_{iy_i} + \\
\\sum_{i=1}^{l-1} c_{y_i y_{i+1}} - {\\log(Z)} \\right) ,
where :math:`l` is the length of the input sequence and :math:`Z` is the
normalizing constant called partition function.
.. note::
When you want to calculate the negative log-likelihood of sequences
which have different lengths, sort the sequences in descending order of
lengths and transpose the sequences.
For example, you have three input sequences:
>>> a1 = a2 = a3 = a4 = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 3).astype(np.float32)
>>> b1 = b2 = b3 = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 3).astype(np.float32)
>>> c1 = c2 = np.random.uniform(-1, 1, 3).astype(np.float32)
>>> a = [a1, a2, a3, a4]
>>> b = [b1, b2, b3]
>>> c = [c1, c2]
where ``a1`` and all other variables are arrays with ``(K,)`` shape.
Make a transpose of the sequences:
>>> x1 = np.stack([a1, b1, c1])
>>> x2 = np.stack([a2, b2, c2])
>>> x3 = np.stack([a3, b3])
>>> x4 = np.stack([a4])
and make a list of the arrays:
>>> xs = [x1, x2, x3, x4]
You need to make label sequences in the same fashion.
And then, call the function:
>>> cost = chainer.Variable(
... np.random.uniform(-1, 1, (3, 3)).astype(np.float32))
>>> ys = [np.zeros(x.shape[0:1], dtype=np.int32) for x in xs]
>>> loss = F.crf1d(cost, xs, ys)
It calculates mean of the negative log-likelihood of the three
sequences.
The output is a variable whose value depends on the value of
the option ``reduce``. If it is ``'no'``, it holds the elementwise
loss values. If it is ``'mean'``, it holds mean of the loss values.
Args:
cost (Variable): A :math:`K \\times K` matrix which holds transition
cost between two labels, where :math:`K` is the number of labels.
xs (list of Variable): Input vector for each label.
``len(xs)`` denotes the length of the sequence,
and each :class:`~chainer.Variable` holds a :math:`B \\times K`
matrix, where :math:`B` is mini-batch size, :math:`K` is the number
of labels.
Note that :math:`B`\\ s in all the variables are not necessary
the same, i.e., it accepts the input sequences with different
lengths.
ys (list of Variable): Expected output labels. It needs to have the
same length as ``xs``. Each :class:`~chainer.Variable` holds a
:math:`B` integer vector.
When ``x`` in ``xs`` has the different :math:`B`, correspoding
``y`` has the same :math:`B`. In other words, ``ys`` must satisfy
``ys[i].shape == xs[i].shape[0:1]`` for all ``i``.
reduce (str): Reduction option. Its value must be either
``'mean'`` or ``'no'``. Otherwise, :class:`ValueError` is raised.
Returns:
~chainer.Variable: A variable holding the average negative
log-likelihood of the input sequences.
.. note::
See detail in the original paper: `Conditional Random Fields:
Probabilistic Models for Segmenting and Labeling Sequence Data
<https://repository.upenn.edu/cis_papers/159/>`_.
"""
if reduce not in ('mean', 'no'):
raise ValueError(
"only 'mean' and 'no' are valid for 'reduce', but '%s' is "
'given' % reduce)
assert xs[0].shape[1] == cost.shape[0]
n_label = cost.shape[0]
n_batch = xs[0].shape[0]
alpha = xs[0]
alphas = []
for x in xs[1:]:
batch = x.shape[0]
if alpha.shape[0] > batch:
alpha, alpha_rest = split_axis.split_axis(alpha, [batch], axis=0)
alphas.append(alpha_rest)
b_alpha, b_cost = broadcast.broadcast(alpha[..., None], cost)
alpha = logsumexp.logsumexp(b_alpha + b_cost, axis=1) + x
if len(alphas) > 0:
alphas.append(alpha)
alpha = concat.concat(alphas[::-1], axis=0)
logz = logsumexp.logsumexp(alpha, axis=1)
cost = reshape.reshape(cost, (cost.size, 1))
score = select_item.select_item(xs[0], ys[0])
scores = []
for x, y, y_prev in zip(xs[1:], ys[1:], ys[:-1]):
batch = x.shape[0]
if score.shape[0] > batch:
y_prev, _ = split_axis.split_axis(y_prev, [batch], axis=0)
score, score_rest = split_axis.split_axis(score, [batch], axis=0)
scores.append(score_rest)
score += (select_item.select_item(x, y) + reshape.reshape(
embed_id.embed_id(y_prev * n_label + y, cost), (batch,)))
if len(scores) > 0:
scores.append(score)
score = concat.concat(scores[::-1], axis=0)
loss = logz - score
if reduce == 'mean':
return _sum.sum(loss) / n_batch
else:
return loss
def n_step_lstm_base(
n_layers, dropout_ratio, hx, cx, ws, bs, xs, train, use_cudnn,
use_bi_direction):
"""Base function for Stack LSTM/BiLSTM functions.
This function is used at :func:`chainer.functions.n_step_lstm` and
:func:`chainer.functions.n_step_bilstm`.
This function's behavior depends on following arguments,
``activation`` and ``use_bi_direction``.
Args:
n_layers(int): Number of layers.
dropout_ratio(float): Dropout ratio.
hx (chainer.Variable): Variable holding stacked hidden states.
Its shape is ``(S, B, N)`` where ``S`` is number of layers and is
equal to ``n_layers``, ``B`` is mini-batch size, and ``N`` is
dimention of hidden units.
cx (chainer.Variable): Variable holding stacked cell states.
It has the same shape as ``hx``.
ws (list of list of chainer.Variable): Weight matrices. ``ws[i]``
represents weights for i-th layer.
Each ``ws[i]`` is a list containing eight matrices.
``ws[i][j]`` is corresponding with ``W_j`` in the equation.
Only ``ws[0][j]`` where ``0 <= j < 4`` is ``(I, N)`` shape as they
are multiplied with input variables. All other matrices has
``(N, N)`` shape.
bs (list of list of chainer.Variable): Bias vectors. ``bs[i]``
represnents biases for i-th layer.
Each ``bs[i]`` is a list containing eight vectors.
``bs[i][j]`` is corresponding with ``b_j`` in the equation.
Shape of each matrix is ``(N,)`` where ``N`` is dimention of
hidden units.
xs (list of chainer.Variable): A list of :class:`~chainer.Variable`
holding input values. Each element ``xs[t]`` holds input value
for time ``t``. Its shape is ``(B_t, I)``, where ``B_t`` is
mini-batch size for time ``t``, and ``I`` is size of input units.
Note that this functions supports variable length sequences.
When sequneces has different lengths, sort sequences in descending
order by length, and transpose the sorted sequence.
:func:`~chainer.functions.transpose_sequence` transpose a list
of :func:`~chainer.Variable` holding sequence.
So ``xs`` needs to satisfy
``xs[t].shape[0] >= xs[t + 1].shape[0]``.
train (bool): If ``True``, this function executes dropout.
use_cudnn (bool): If ``True``, this function uses cuDNN if available.
use_bi_direction (bool): If ``True``, this function uses Bi-directional
LSTM.
Returns:
tuple: This functions returns a tuple concaining three elements,
``hy``, ``cy`` and ``ys``.
- ``hy`` is an updated hidden states whose shape is same as ``hx``.
- ``cy`` is an updated cell states whose shape is same as ``cx``.
- ``ys`` is a list of :class:`~chainer.Variable` . Each element
``ys[t]`` holds hidden states of the last layer corresponding
to an input ``xs[t]``. Its shape is ``(B_t, N)`` where ``B_t`` is
mini-batch size for time ``t``, and ``N`` is size of hidden
units. Note that ``B_t`` is the same value as ``xs[t]``.
.. seealso::
:func:`chainer.functions.n_step_lstm`
:func:`chainer.functions.n_step_bilstm`
"""
xp = cuda.get_array_module(hx, hx.data)
if use_cudnn and xp is not numpy and cuda.cudnn_enabled and \
_cudnn_version >= 5000:
states = get_random_state().create_dropout_states(dropout_ratio)
# flatten all input variables
inputs = tuple(itertools.chain(
(hx, cx),
itertools.chain.from_iterable(ws),
itertools.chain.from_iterable(bs),
xs))
if use_bi_direction:
rnn = NStepBiLSTM(n_layers, states, train=train)
else:
rnn = NStepLSTM(n_layers, states, train=train)
ret = rnn(*inputs)
hy, cy = ret[:2]
ys = ret[2:]
return hy, cy, ys
else:
direction = 2 if use_bi_direction else 1
split_size = n_layers * direction
hx = split_axis.split_axis(hx, split_size, axis=0, force_tuple=True)
hx = [reshape.reshape(h, h.shape[1:]) for h in hx]
cx = split_axis.split_axis(cx, split_size, axis=0, force_tuple=True)
cx = [reshape.reshape(c, c.shape[1:]) for c in cx]
xws = [_stack_weight([w[2], w[0], w[1], w[3]]) for w in ws]
hws = [_stack_weight([w[6], w[4], w[5], w[7]]) for w in ws]
xbs = [_stack_weight([b[2], b[0], b[1], b[3]]) for b in bs]
hbs = [_stack_weight([b[6], b[4], b[5], b[7]]) for b in bs]
xs_next = xs
hy = []
cy = []
for layer in six.moves.range(n_layers):
def _one_directional_loop(di):
# di=0, forward LSTM
# di=1, backward LSTM
h_list = []
c_list = []
layer_idx = direction * layer + di
h = hx[layer_idx]
c = cx[layer_idx]
if di == 0:
xs_list = xs_next
else:
xs_list = reversed(xs_next)
for x in xs_list:
batch = x.shape[0]
if h.shape[0] > batch:
h, h_rest = split_axis.split_axis(h, [batch], axis=0)
c, c_rest = split_axis.split_axis(c, [batch], axis=0)
else:
h_rest = None
c_rest = None
if layer != 0:
x = dropout.dropout(x, ratio=dropout_ratio,
train=train)
lstm_in = linear.linear(x, xws[layer_idx],
xbs[layer_idx]) + \
linear.linear(h, hws[layer_idx], hbs[layer_idx])
c_bar, h_bar = lstm.lstm(c, lstm_in)
if h_rest is not None:
h = concat.concat([h_bar, h_rest], axis=0)
c = concat.concat([c_bar, c_rest], axis=0)
else:
h = h_bar
c = c_bar
h_list.append(h_bar)
c_list.append(c_bar)
return h, c, h_list, c_list
h, c, h_forward, c_forward = _one_directional_loop(di=0)
hy.append(h)
cy.append(c)
if use_bi_direction:
# BiLSTM
h, c, h_backward, c_backward = _one_directional_loop(di=1)
hy.append(h)
cy.append(c)
h_backward.reverse()
# concat
xs_next = [concat.concat([hfi, hbi], axis=1) for (hfi, hbi) in
zip(h_forward, h_backward)]
else:
# Uni-directional RNN
xs_next = h_forward
ys = xs_next
hy = stack.stack(hy)
cy = stack.stack(cy)
return hy, cy, tuple(ys)
