def get_matrix(self):
if self.data_cache is None:
self.make()
if not self.border:
return self.modules
width = len(self.modules) + self.border * 2
buf = bytearray(width * (width + 7) // 8)
fb = FrameBuffer(buf, width, width, MONO_HLSB)
fb.fill(0)
y = self.border
for module in self.modules:
x = self.border
for p in module:
fb.pixel(x, y, p)
x += 1
y += 1
return (fb, width)
class ILI9341:
def __init__(self, spi, cs=14, dc=27, rst=33, bl=32):
self.buffer = bytearray(32)
self.letter = FrameBuffer(bytearray(8), 8, 8, MONO_HLSB)
self.spi = spi
self.cs = Pin(cs, Pin.OUT)
self.dc = Pin(dc, Pin.OUT)
self.rst = Pin(rst, Pin.OUT)
self.bl = Pin(bl, Pin.OUT)
self.width = 320
self.height = 240
self.char_width = 16
self.char_height = 16
self.offset = 0
self.background = color565(0, 0, 0)
self._reset()
self._setup()
def _reset(self):
self.cs.value(1)
self.dc.value(0)
self.rst.value(0)
utime.sleep_ms(50)
self.rst.value(1)
utime.sleep_ms(50)
def _setup(self):
for command, arguments in (
(0xef, b'\x03\x80\x02'),
(0xcf, b'\x00\xc1\x30'),
(0xed, b'\x64\x03\x12\x81'),
(0xe8, b'\x85\x00\x78'),
(0xcb, b'\x39\x2c\x00\x34\x02'),
(0xf7, b'\x20'),
(0xea, b'\x00\x00'),
(0xc0, b'\x23'), # Power Control 1, VRH[5:0]
(0xc1, b'\x10'), # Power Control 2, SAP[2:0], BT[3:0]
(0xc5, b'\x3e\x28'), # VCM Control 1
(0xc7, b'\x86'), # VCM Control 2
(0x36, b'\x48'), # Memory Access Control
(0x3a, b'\x55'), # Pixel Format
(0xb1, b'\x00\x18'), # FRMCTR1
(0xb6, b'\x08\x82\x27'), # Display Function Control
(0xf2, b'\x00'), # Gamma Function Disable
(0x26, b'\x01'), # Gamma Curve Selected
(0xe0,
b'\x0f\x31\x2b\x0c\x0e\x08\x4e\xf1\x37\x07\x10\x03\x0e\x09\x00'
), # Set Gamma
(0xe1,
b'\x00\x0e\x14\x03\x11\x07\x31\xc1\x48\x08\x0f\x0c\x31\x36\x0f')):
self._write_command(command, arguments)
self._write_command(_CMD_WAKE)
utime.sleep_ms(120)
def on(self):
self._write_command(_CMD_DISPLAY_ON)
self.bl.value(1)
def off(self):
self.bl.value(0)
self._write_command(_CMD_DISPLAY_OFF)
def set_inversion(self, inverse):
if inverse:
self._write_command(_CMD_DISPLAY_INVERSION_ON)
else:
self._write_command(_CMD_DISPLAY_INVERSION_OFF)
def to_color(self, r, g, b):
return color565(r, g, b)
def set_background(self, background=color565(0, 0, 0)):
self.fill_rectangle(0, 0, self.width - 1, self.height - 1, background)
self.background = background
def set_pixel(self, x, y, color=color565(255, 255, 255)):
if x >= 0 and x < self.width and y >= 0 and y < self.height:
self.fill_rectangle(x, y, x, y, color)
def draw_line(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, color=color565(255, 255, 255)):
dx = abs(x1 - x0)
dy = -abs(y1 - y0)
sx = 1 if x0 < x1 else -1
sy = 1 if y0 < y1 else -1
e = dx + dy
while x0 != x1 or y0 != y1:
self.set_pixel(x0, y0, color)
e2 = e << 1
if e2 > dy:
e += dy
x0 += sx
if e2 < dx:
e += dx
y0 += sy
def draw_polyline(self, x, y, points, color=color565(255, 255, 255)):
last_point = None
for point in points:
if last_point is not None:
self.draw_line(x + last_point[0], y + last_point[1],
x + point[0], y + point[1], color)
last_point = point
def draw_string(self,
x_origin,
y_origin,
chars,
color=color565(255, 255, 255)):
for char in chars:
self.letter.fill(0)
self.letter.text(char, 0, 0)
for x in range(0, 8):
for y in range(0, 8):
x0 = x_origin + (x << 1)
y0 = y_origin + (y << 1)
x1 = x0 + 2
y1 = y0 + 2
self.fill_rectangle(
x0, y0, x1, y1, color
if self.letter.pixel(x, y) > 0 else self.background)
x_origin += 16
def rotate_up(self, delta=1):
self.offset = (self.offset + delta) % self.height
self._write_command(_CMD_LINE_SET, ustruct.pack('>H', self.offset))
def scroll_up(self, delta):
self.fill_rectangle(0, 0, self.width - 1, delta, color=self.background)
self.rotate_up(delta)
def fill_rectangle(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, color):
x0, x1 = self.width - x1 - 1, self.width - x0 - 1
if x0 < 0 and x1 < 0:
return
if x0 >= self.width and x1 >= self.width:
return
if y0 < 0 and y1 < 0:
return
if y0 >= self.height and y1 >= self.height:
return
if x0 < 0:
x0 = 0
if x0 >= self.width:
x0 = self.width - 1
if y0 < 0:
y0 = 0
if y0 >= self.height:
y0 = self.height - 1
if x1 < 0:
x1 = 0
if x1 >= self.width:
x1 = self.width - 1
if y1 < 0:
y1 = 0
if y1 >= self.height:
y1 = self.height - 1
w = x1 - x0 + 1
h = y1 - y0 + 1
pixel_count = min(16, w * h)
color_msb = color >> 8
color_lsb = color & 255
position = 0
for index in range(0, pixel_count):
self.buffer[position] = color_msb
position += 1
self.buffer[position] = color_lsb
position += 1
if pixel_count == 16:
self._fill_large_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1)
else:
self._fill_small_rectangle(x0, y0, x1, y1, position)
def _fill_large_rectangle(self, x0, y0, x1, y1):
y = y0
while y <= y1:
x = x0
while x <= x1:
x_right = min(x1, x + 15)
self._fill_small_rectangle(x, y, x_right, y,
(x_right - x + 1) << 1)
x = x_right + 1
y += 1
def _fill_small_rectangle(self, x0, y0, x1, y1, position):
y0 += self.offset
y1 += self.offset
y0 %= self.height
y1 %= self.height
self._write_command(_CMD_COLUMN_SET, ustruct.pack(">HH", x0, x1))
self._write_command(_CMD_PAGE_SET, ustruct.pack(">HH", y0, y1))
self._write_command(_CMD_RAM_WRITE,
memoryview(self.buffer)[0:position])
def _write_command(self, command, arguments=None):
self.dc.value(0)
self.cs.value(0)
self.spi.write(bytearray([command]))
self.cs.value(1)
if arguments is not None:
self.dc.value(1)
self.cs.value(0)
self.spi.write(arguments)
self.cs.value(1)
class Screen:
def __init__(self):
self.textbuffer = TextBuffer(cols, rows)
# make the framebuffer we draw into the size of one line of text as that's all we need
self.buf = bytearray(screen_width * font_height // 8)
# the screen defaults to portrait and we want to use it in landscape so we have to rotate as we go, unfortunately. that's why dimensions look swapped around
self.fb = FrameBuffer(self.buf, font_height, screen_width, MONO_HLSB)
sck = Pin(18, Pin.OUT)
mosi = Pin(23, Pin.OUT)
miso = Pin(19, Pin.IN)
spi = SPI(2,
baudrate=80000000,
polarity=0,
phase=0,
sck=sck,
mosi=mosi,
miso=miso)
cs = Pin(5, Pin.OUT)
dc = Pin(17, Pin.OUT)
rst = Pin(27, Pin.OUT)
busy = Pin(35, Pin.IN)
self.epd = EPD(spi, cs, dc, rst, busy)
self.epd.init()
self.clear_screen()
# we were in slow mode for the initial clear on startup, we're now going to fast mode as that's the most likely one we'll need next
self.mode = 'slow'
self.set_fast()
self.running = False
self.last_change = None
def write(self, byteslike):
self.textbuffer.write(byteslike)
self.debounce_update()
def set_slow(self):
if self.mode == 'slow':
return
self.mode = 'slow'
self.epd.set_slow()
def set_fast(self):
if self.mode == 'fast':
return
self.mode = 'fast'
self.epd.set_fast()
def plot(self, x, y):
# rotate 90 degrees on the fly
self.fb.pixel(font_height - 1 - y, x, 0)
def plot_inverse(self, x, y):
# rotate 90 degrees
self.fb.pixel(font_height - 1 - y, x, 1)
def debounce_update(self):
self.last_change = time.ticks_ms()
def update_screen(self, tmr=None):
self.last_change = None
if not self.running:
return
# TODO: keep some performance stats somewhere
# the changed lines. keys are row indexes, values are line strings
lines_dict = self.textbuffer.pop()
# slow update if the entire screen changed (gives it a chance to remove the ghosting), otherwise fast for partial updates
if len(lines_dict) == self.textbuffer.rows:
self.set_slow()
else:
self.set_fast()
cursor_x = self.textbuffer.x()
cursor_y = self.textbuffer.y()
# keep both buffers in the display's controller in sync
for i in range(2):
self._update_buffer(lines_dict, cursor_x, cursor_y)
# display only one of the buffers
if i == 0:
self.epd.display_frame()
def _update_buffer(self, lines_dict, cursor_x, cursor_y):
for row_index, line in lines_dict.items():
# clear the framebuffer because it now represents this row
self.fb.fill(1)
# print the text
font.draw_line(line.encode('ascii'), self.plot)
if row_index == cursor_y:
# draw the cursor (rotated 90 degrees)
self.fb.fill_rect(0, cursor_x * font_width, font_height,
font_width, 0)
# if the cursor is on a character, also draw that character inverted
if cursor_x < len(line):
font.draw_line(line[cursor_x].encode('ascii'),
self.plot_inverse, cursor_x * font_width, 1)
# copy this row to the screen's buffer (rotated 90 degrees)
self.epd.set_frame_memory(
self.buf, screen_height - ((row_index + 1) * font_height), 0,
font_height, screen_width)
def clear_screen(self):
self.fb.fill(1)
# clear both buffers
for i in range(2):
for row_index in range(self.textbuffer.rows):
self.epd.set_frame_memory(self.buf, row_index * font_height, 0,
font_height, screen_width)
# but only clear the screen once
if i == 0:
self.epd.display_frame()
def clear(self):
self.textbuffer.clear()
self.debounce_update()
i2c = machine.I2C(scl=scl, sda=sda)
frame_size = [64, 32]
text = "Test" # Up to 8 characters in a 64px wide screen
text_hsize = len(text) * 8
centered_text_start = [int((frame_size[0] / 2) - (text_hsize / 2)), int((frame_size[1] / 2) - (8 / 2))]
# Frame buffers
main_frame = FrameBuffer(bytearray(frame_size[0] * frame_size[1] // 8), frame_size[0], frame_size[1], MONO_HLSB)
text_frame = FrameBuffer(bytearray(text_hsize * 8 // 8), text_hsize, 8, MONO_HLSB)
pixel_frame = FrameBuffer(bytearray(1), 1, 1, MONO_HLSB)
pixel_frame_black = FrameBuffer(bytearray(1), 1, 1, MONO_HLSB)
# Text
text_frame.fill(0)
text_frame.text(text, 0, 0, 1)
# Single-Pixels
pixel_frame.fill(0)
pixel_frame.pixel(0, 0, 1)
pixel_frame_black.pixel(0, 0, 0)
# Drawing text_frame on top of main_frame
main_frame.fill(0)
main_frame.blit(text_frame, centered_text_start[0], centered_text_start[1])
# Animation: underline
for i in range(text_hsize):
main_frame.blit(pixel_frame, centered_text_start[0] + i, centered_text_start[1] + 9)
class Display(object):
"""Serial interface for 2.9 inch E-paper display.
Note: All coordinates are zero based.
"""
# Command constants from display datasheet
CONTRAST_CONTROL = const(0x81)
ENTIRE_DISPLAY_ON = const(0xA4)
ALL_PIXELS_ON = const(0XA5)
INVERSION_OFF = const(0xA6)
INVERSION_ON = const(0XA7)
DISPLAY_OFF = const(0xAE)
DISPLAY_ON = const(0XAF)
NOP = const(0xE3)
COMMAND_LOCK = const(0xFD)
CHARGE_PUMP = const(0x8D)
# Scrolling commands
CH_SCROLL_SETUP_RIGHT = const(0x26)
CH_SCROLL_SETUP_LEFT = const(0x27)
CV_SCROLL_SETUP_RIGHT = const(0x29)
CV_SCROLL_SETUP_LEFT = const(0x2A)
DEACTIVATE_SCROLL = const(0x2E)
ACTIVATE_SCROLL = const(0x2F)
VSCROLL_AREA = const(0xA3)
SCROLL_SETUP_LEFT = const(0x2C)
SCROLL_SETUP_RIGHT = const(0x2D)
# Addressing commands
LOW_CSA_IN_PAM = const(0x00)
HIGH_CSA_IN_PAM = const(0x10)
MEMORY_ADDRESSING_MODE = const(0x20)
COLUMN_ADDRESS = const(0x21)
PAGE_ADDRESS = const(0x22)
PSA_IN_PAM = const(0xB0)
DISPLAY_START_LINE = const(0x40)
SEGMENT_MAP_REMAP = const(0xA0)
SEGMENT_MAP_FLIPPED = const(0xA1)
MUX_RATIO = const(0xA8)
COM_OUTPUT_NORMAL = const(0xC0)
COM_OUTPUT_FLIPPED = const(0xC8)
DISPLAY_OFFSET = const(0xD3)
COM_PINS_HW_CFG = const(0xDA)
GPIO = const(0xDC)
# Timing and driving scheme commands
DISPLAY_CLOCK_DIV = const(0xd5)
PRECHARGE_PERIOD = const(0xd9)
VCOM_DESELECT_LEVEL = const(0xdb)
def __init__(self, spi, cs, dc, rst, width=128, height=64):
"""Constructor for Display.
Args:
spi (Class Spi): SPI interface for display
cs (Class Pin): Chip select pin
dc (Class Pin): Data/Command pin
rst (Class Pin): Reset pin
width (Optional int): Screen width (default 128)
height (Optional int): Screen height (default 64)
"""
self.spi = spi
self.cs = cs
self.dc = dc
self.rst = rst
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.pages = self.height // 8
self.byte_width = -(-width // 8) # Ceiling division
self.buffer_length = self.byte_width * height
# Buffer
self.mono_image = bytearray(self.buffer_length)
# Frame Buffer
self.monoFB = FrameBuffer(self.mono_image, width, height, MONO_VLSB)
self.clear_buffers()
# Initialize GPIO pins
self.cs.init(self.cs.OUT, value=1)
self.dc.init(self.dc.OUT, value=0)
self.rst.init(self.rst.OUT, value=1)
self.reset()
# Send initialization commands
for cmd in (
self.DISPLAY_OFF,
self.DISPLAY_CLOCK_DIV,
0x80,
self.MUX_RATIO,
self.height - 1,
self.DISPLAY_OFFSET,
0x00,
self.DISPLAY_START_LINE,
self.CHARGE_PUMP,
0x14,
self.MEMORY_ADDRESSING_MODE,
0x00,
self.SEGMENT_MAP_FLIPPED,
self.COM_OUTPUT_FLIPPED,
self.COM_PINS_HW_CFG,
0x02 if (self.height == 32 or self.height == 16) and
(self.width != 64) else 0x12,
self.CONTRAST_CONTROL,
0xFF,
self.PRECHARGE_PERIOD,
0xF1,
self.VCOM_DESELECT_LEVEL,
0x40,
self.ENTIRE_DISPLAY_ON, # output follows RAM contents
self.INVERSION_OFF, # not inverted
self.DISPLAY_ON): # on
self.write_cmd(cmd)
self.clear_buffers()
self.present()
def cleanup(self):
"""Clean up resources."""
self.clear()
self.sleep()
self.spi.deinit()
print('display off')
def clear(self):
"""Clear display.
"""
self.clear_buffers()
self.present()
def clear_buffers(self):
"""Clear buffer.
"""
self.monoFB.fill(0x00)
def draw_bitmap(self, path, x, y, w, h, invert=False, rotate=0):
"""Load MONO_HMSB bitmap from disc and draw to screen.
Args:
path (string): Image file path.
x (int): x-coord of image.
y (int): y-coord of image.
w (int): Width of image.
h (int): Height of image.
invert (bool): True = invert image, False (Default) = normal image.
rotate(int): 0, 90, 180, 270
Notes:
w x h cannot exceed 2048
"""
array_size = w * h
with open(path, "rb") as f:
buf = bytearray(f.read(array_size))
fb = FrameBuffer(buf, w, h, MONO_HMSB)
if rotate == 0 and invert is True: # 0 degrees
fb2 = FrameBuffer(bytearray(array_size), w, h, MONO_HMSB)
for y1 in range(h):
for x1 in range(w):
fb2.pixel(x1, y1, fb.pixel(x1, y1) ^ 0x01)
fb = fb2
elif rotate == 90: # 90 degrees
byte_width = (w - 1) // 8 + 1
adj_size = h * byte_width
fb2 = FrameBuffer(bytearray(adj_size), h, w, MONO_HMSB)
for y1 in range(h):
for x1 in range(w):
if invert is True:
fb2.pixel(y1, x1,
fb.pixel(x1, (h - 1) - y1) ^ 0x01)
else:
fb2.pixel(y1, x1, fb.pixel(x1, (h - 1) - y1))
fb = fb2
elif rotate == 180: # 180 degrees
fb2 = FrameBuffer(bytearray(array_size), w, h, MONO_HMSB)
for y1 in range(h):
for x1 in range(w):
if invert is True:
fb2.pixel(
x1, y1,
fb.pixel((w - 1) - x1, (h - 1) - y1) ^ 0x01)
else:
fb2.pixel(x1, y1,
fb.pixel((w - 1) - x1, (h - 1) - y1))
fb = fb2
elif rotate == 270: # 270 degrees
byte_width = (w - 1) // 8 + 1
adj_size = h * byte_width
fb2 = FrameBuffer(bytearray(adj_size), h, w, MONO_HMSB)
for y1 in range(h):
for x1 in range(w):
if invert is True:
fb2.pixel(y1, x1,
fb.pixel((w - 1) - x1, y1) ^ 0x01)
else:
fb2.pixel(y1, x1, fb.pixel((w - 1) - x1, y1))
fb = fb2
self.monoFB.blit(fb, x, y)
def draw_bitmap_raw(self, path, x, y, w, h, invert=False, rotate=0):
"""Load raw bitmap from disc and draw to screen.
Args:
path (string): Image file path.
x (int): x-coord of image.
y (int): y-coord of image.
w (int): Width of image.
h (int): Height of image.
invert (bool): True = invert image, False (Default) = normal image.
rotate(int): 0, 90, 180, 270
Notes:
w x h cannot exceed 2048
"""
if rotate == 90 or rotate == 270:
w, h = h, w # Swap width & height if landscape
buf_size = w * h
with open(path, "rb") as f:
if rotate == 0:
buf = bytearray(f.read(buf_size))
elif rotate == 90:
buf = bytearray(buf_size)
for x1 in range(w - 1, -1, -1):
for y1 in range(h):
index = (w * y1) + x1
buf[index] = f.read(1)[0]
elif rotate == 180:
buf = bytearray(buf_size)
for index in range(buf_size - 1, -1, -1):
buf[index] = f.read(1)[0]
elif rotate == 270:
buf = bytearray(buf_size)
for x1 in range(1, w + 1):
for y1 in range(h - 1, -1, -1):
index = (w * y1) + x1 - 1
buf[index] = f.read(1)[0]
if invert:
for i, _ in enumerate(buf):
buf[i] ^= 0xFF
fbuf = FrameBuffer(buf, w, h, GS8)
self.monoFB.blit(fbuf, x, y)
def draw_circle(self, x0, y0, r, invert=False):
"""Draw a circle.
Args:
x0 (int): X coordinate of center point.
y0 (int): Y coordinate of center point.
r (int): Radius.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
"""
f = 1 - r
dx = 1
dy = -r - r
x = 0
y = r
self.draw_pixel(x0, y0 + r, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0, y0 - r, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 + r, y0, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - r, y0, invert)
while x < y:
if f >= 0:
y -= 1
dy += 2
f += dy
x += 1
dx += 2
f += dx
self.draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 + y, y0 + x, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - y, y0 + x, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 + y, y0 - x, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - y, y0 - x, invert)
def draw_ellipse(self, x0, y0, a, b, invert=False):
"""Draw an ellipse.
Args:
x0, y0 (int): Coordinates of center point.
a (int): Semi axis horizontal.
b (int): Semi axis vertical.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
Note:
The center point is the center of the x0,y0 pixel.
Since pixels are not divisible, the axes are integer rounded
up to complete on a full pixel. Therefore the major and
minor axes are increased by 1.
"""
a2 = a * a
b2 = b * b
twoa2 = a2 + a2
twob2 = b2 + b2
x = 0
y = b
px = 0
py = twoa2 * y
# Plot initial points
self.draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, invert)
# Region 1
p = round(b2 - (a2 * b) + (0.25 * a2))
while px < py:
x += 1
px += twob2
if p < 0:
p += b2 + px
else:
y -= 1
py -= twoa2
p += b2 + px - py
self.draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, invert)
# Region 2
p = round(b2 * (x + 0.5) * (x + 0.5) + a2 * (y - 1) * (y - 1) -
a2 * b2)
while y > 0:
y -= 1
py -= twoa2
if p > 0:
p += a2 - py
else:
x += 1
px += twob2
p += a2 - py + px
self.draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 + x, y0 - y, invert)
self.draw_pixel(x0 - x, y0 - y, invert)
def draw_hline(self, x, y, w, invert=False):
"""Draw a horizontal line.
Args:
x (int): Starting X position.
y (int): Starting Y position.
w (int): Width of line.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
"""
if self.is_off_grid(x, y, x + w - 1, y):
return
self.monoFB.hline(x, y, w, int(invert ^ 1))
def draw_letter(self, x, y, letter, font, invert=False, rotate=False):
"""Draw a letter.
Args:
x (int): Starting X position.
y (int): Starting Y position.
letter (string): Letter to draw.
font (XglcdFont object): Font.
invert (bool): Invert color
rotate (int): Rotation of letter
"""
fbuf, w, h = font.get_letter(letter, invert=invert, rotate=rotate)
# Check for errors
if w == 0:
return w, h
# Offset y for 270 degrees and x for 180 degrees
if rotate == 180:
x -= w
elif rotate == 270:
y -= h
self.monoFB.blit(fbuf, x, y)
return w, h
def draw_line(self, x1, y1, x2, y2, invert=False):
"""Draw a line using Bresenham's algorithm.
Args:
x1, y1 (int): Starting coordinates of the line
x2, y2 (int): Ending coordinates of the line
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
"""
# Check for horizontal line
if y1 == y2:
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
self.draw_hline(x1, y1, x2 - x1 + 1, invert)
return
# Check for vertical line
if x1 == x2:
if y1 > y2:
y1, y2 = y2, y1
self.draw_vline(x1, y1, y2 - y1 + 1, invert)
return
# Confirm coordinates in boundary
if self.is_off_grid(min(x1, x2), min(y1, y2), max(x1, x2), max(y1,
y2)):
return
self.monoFB.line(x1, y1, x2, y2, invert ^ 1)
def draw_lines(self, coords, invert=False):
"""Draw multiple lines.
Args:
coords ([[int, int],...]): Line coordinate X, Y pairs
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
"""
# Starting point
x1, y1 = coords[0]
# Iterate through coordinates
for i in range(1, len(coords)):
x2, y2 = coords[i]
self.draw_line(x1, y1, x2, y2, invert)
x1, y1 = x2, y2
def draw_pixel(self, x, y, invert=False):
"""Draw a single pixel.
Args:
x (int): X position.
y (int): Y position.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
"""
if self.is_off_grid(x, y, x, y):
return
self.monoFB.pixel(x, y, int(invert ^ 1))
def draw_polygon(self, sides, x0, y0, r, invert=False, rotate=0):
"""Draw an n-sided regular polygon.
Args:
sides (int): Number of polygon sides.
x0, y0 (int): Coordinates of center point.
r (int): Radius.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
rotate (Optional float): Rotation in degrees relative to origin.
Note:
The center point is the center of the x0,y0 pixel.
Since pixels are not divisible, the radius is integer rounded
up to complete on a full pixel. Therefore diameter = 2 x r + 1.
"""
coords = []
theta = radians(rotate)
n = sides + 1
for s in range(n):
t = 2.0 * pi * s / sides + theta
coords.append([int(r * cos(t) + x0), int(r * sin(t) + y0)])
# Cast to python float first to fix rounding errors
self.draw_lines(coords, invert)
def draw_rectangle(self, x, y, w, h, invert=False):
"""Draw a rectangle.
Args:
x (int): Starting X position.
y (int): Starting Y position.
w (int): Width of rectangle.
h (int): Height of rectangle.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
"""
self.monoFB.rect(x, y, w, h, int(invert ^ 1))
def draw_sprite(self, fbuf, x, y, w, h):
"""Draw a sprite.
Args:
fbuf (FrameBuffer): Buffer to draw.
x (int): Starting X position.
y (int): Starting Y position.
w (int): Width of drawing.
h (int): Height of drawing.
"""
x2 = x + w - 1
y2 = y + h - 1
if self.is_off_grid(x, y, x2, y2):
return
self.monoFB.blit(fbuf, x, y)
def draw_text(self, x, y, text, font, invert=False, rotate=0, spacing=1):
"""Draw text.
Args:
x (int): Starting X position.
y (int): Starting Y position.
text (string): Text to draw.
font (XglcdFont object): Font.
invert (bool): Invert color
rotate (int): Rotation of letter
spacing (int): Pixels between letters (default: 1)
"""
for letter in text:
# Get letter array and letter dimensions
w, h = self.draw_letter(x, y, letter, font, invert, rotate)
# Stop on error
if w == 0 or h == 0:
return
if rotate == 0:
# Fill in spacing
if spacing:
self.fill_rectangle(x + w, y, spacing, h, invert ^ 1)
# Position x for next letter
x += (w + spacing)
elif rotate == 90:
# Fill in spacing
if spacing:
self.fill_rectangle(x, y + h, w, spacing, invert ^ 1)
# Position y for next letter
y += (h + spacing)
elif rotate == 180:
# Fill in spacing
if spacing:
self.fill_rectangle(x - w - spacing, y, spacing, h,
invert ^ 1)
# Position x for next letter
x -= (w + spacing)
elif rotate == 270:
# Fill in spacing
if spacing:
self.fill_rectangle(x, y - h - spacing, w, spacing,
invert ^ 1)
# Position y for next letter
y -= (h + spacing)
else:
print("Invalid rotation.")
return
def draw_text8x8(self, x, y, text):
"""Draw text using built-in MicroPython 8x8 bit font.
Args:
x (int): Starting X position.
y (int): Starting Y position.
text (string): Text to draw.
"""
# Confirm coordinates in boundary
if self.is_off_grid(x, y, x + 8, y + 8):
return
self.monoFB.text(text, x, y)
def draw_vline(self, x, y, h, invert=False):
"""Draw a vertical line.
Args:
x (int): Starting X position.
y (int): Starting Y position.
h (int): Height of line.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
"""
# Confirm coordinates in boundary
if self.is_off_grid(x, y, x, y + h):
return
self.monoFB.vline(x, y, h, int(invert ^ 1))
def fill_circle(self, x0, y0, r, invert=False):
"""Draw a filled circle.
Args:
x0 (int): X coordinate of center point.
y0 (int): Y coordinate of center point.
r (int): Radius.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
"""
f = 1 - r
dx = 1
dy = -r - r
x = 0
y = r
self.draw_vline(x0, y0 - r, 2 * r + 1, invert)
while x < y:
if f >= 0:
y -= 1
dy += 2
f += dy
x += 1
dx += 2
f += dx
self.draw_vline(x0 + x, y0 - y, 2 * y + 1, invert)
self.draw_vline(x0 - x, y0 - y, 2 * y + 1, invert)
self.draw_vline(x0 - y, y0 - x, 2 * x + 1, invert)
self.draw_vline(x0 + y, y0 - x, 2 * x + 1, invert)
def fill_ellipse(self, x0, y0, a, b, invert=False):
"""Draw a filled ellipse.
Args:
x0, y0 (int): Coordinates of center point.
a (int): Semi axis horizontal.
b (int): Semi axis vertical.
invert (bool): True = clear line, False (Default) = draw line.
Note:
The center point is the center of the x0,y0 pixel.
Since pixels are not divisible, the axes are integer rounded
up to complete on a full pixel. Therefore the major and
minor axes are increased by 1.
"""
a2 = a * a
b2 = b * b
twoa2 = a2 + a2
twob2 = b2 + b2
x = 0
y = b
px = 0
py = twoa2 * y
# Plot initial points
self.draw_line(x0, y0 - y, x0, y0 + y, invert)
# Region 1
p = round(b2 - (a2 * b) + (0.25 * a2))
while px < py:
x += 1
px += twob2
if p < 0:
p += b2 + px
else:
y -= 1
py -= twoa2
p += b2 + px - py
self.draw_line(x0 + x, y0 - y, x0 + x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_line(x0 - x, y0 - y, x0 - x, y0 + y, invert)
# Region 2
p = round(b2 * (x + 0.5) * (x + 0.5) + a2 * (y - 1) * (y - 1) -
a2 * b2)
while y > 0:
y -= 1
py -= twoa2
if p > 0:
p += a2 - py
else:
x += 1
px += twob2
p += a2 - py + px
self.draw_line(x0 + x, y0 - y, x0 + x, y0 + y, invert)
self.draw_line(x0 - x, y0 - y, x0 - x, y0 + y, invert)
def fill_rectangle(self, x, y, w, h, invert=False):
"""Draw a filled rectangle.
Args:
x (int): Starting X position.
y (int): Starting Y position.
w (int): Width of rectangle.
h (int): Height of rectangle.
visble (bool): True (Default) = draw line, False = clear line.
"""
if self.is_off_grid(x, y, x + w - 1, y + h - 1):
return
self.monoFB.fill_rect(x, y, w, h, int(invert ^ 1))
def fill_polygon(self, sides, x0, y0, r, invert=False, rotate=0):
"""Draw a filled n-sided regular polygon.
Args:
sides (int): Number of polygon sides.
x0, y0 (int): Coordinates of center point.
r (int): Radius.
visble (bool): True (Default) = draw line, False = clear line.
rotate (Optional float): Rotation in degrees relative to origin.
Note:
The center point is the center of the x0,y0 pixel.
Since pixels are not divisible, the radius is integer rounded
up to complete on a full pixel. Therefore diameter = 2 x r + 1.
"""
# Determine side coordinates
coords = []
theta = radians(rotate)
n = sides + 1
for s in range(n):
t = 2.0 * pi * s / sides + theta
coords.append([int(r * cos(t) + x0), int(r * sin(t) + y0)])
# Starting point
x1, y1 = coords[0]
# Minimum Maximum X dict
xdict = {y1: [x1, x1]}
# Iterate through coordinates
for row in coords[1:]:
x2, y2 = row
xprev, yprev = x2, y2
# Calculate perimeter
# Check for horizontal side
if y1 == y2:
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
if y1 in xdict:
xdict[y1] = [min(x1, xdict[y1][0]), max(x2, xdict[y1][1])]
else:
xdict[y1] = [x1, x2]
x1, y1 = xprev, yprev
continue
# Non horizontal side
# Changes in x, y
dx = x2 - x1
dy = y2 - y1
# Determine how steep the line is
is_steep = abs(dy) > abs(dx)
# Rotate line
if is_steep:
x1, y1 = y1, x1
x2, y2 = y2, x2
# Swap start and end points if necessary
if x1 > x2:
x1, x2 = x2, x1
y1, y2 = y2, y1
# Recalculate differentials
dx = x2 - x1
dy = y2 - y1
# Calculate error
error = dx >> 1
ystep = 1 if y1 < y2 else -1
y = y1
# Calcualte minimum and maximum x values
for x in range(x1, x2 + 1):
if is_steep:
if x in xdict:
xdict[x] = [min(y, xdict[x][0]), max(y, xdict[x][1])]
else:
xdict[x] = [y, y]
else:
if y in xdict:
xdict[y] = [min(x, xdict[y][0]), max(x, xdict[y][1])]
else:
xdict[y] = [x, x]
error -= abs(dy)
if error < 0:
y += ystep
error += dx
x1, y1 = xprev, yprev
# Fill polygon
for y, x in xdict.items():
self.draw_hline(x[0], y, x[1] - x[0] + 2, invert)
def is_off_grid(self, xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax):
"""Check if coordinates extend past display boundaries.
Args:
xmin (int): Minimum horizontal pixel.
ymin (int): Minimum vertical pixel.
xmax (int): Maximum horizontal pixel.
ymax (int): Maximum vertical pixel.
Returns:
boolean: False = Coordinates OK, True = Error.
"""
if xmin < 0:
print('x-coordinate: {0} below minimum of 0.'.format(xmin))
return True
if ymin < 0:
print('y-coordinate: {0} below minimum of 0.'.format(ymin))
return True
if xmax >= self.width:
print('x-coordinate: {0} above maximum of {1}.'.format(
xmax, self.width - 1))
return True
if ymax >= self.height:
print('y-coordinate: {0} above maximum of {1}.'.format(
ymax, self.height - 1))
return True
return False
def load_sprite(self, path, w, h, invert=False, rotate=0):
"""Load MONO_HMSB bitmap from disc to sprite.
Args:
path (string): Image file path.
w (int): Width of image.
h (int): Height of image.
invert (bool): True = invert image, False (Default) = normal image.
rotate(int): 0, 90, 180, 270
Notes:
w x h cannot exceed 2048
"""
array_size = w * h
with open(path, "rb") as f:
buf = bytearray(f.read(array_size))
fb = FrameBuffer(buf, w, h, MONO_HMSB)
if rotate == 0 and invert is True: # 0 degrees
fb2 = FrameBuffer(bytearray(array_size), w, h, MONO_HMSB)
for y1 in range(h):
for x1 in range(w):
fb2.pixel(x1, y1, fb.pixel(x1, y1) ^ 0x01)
fb = fb2
elif rotate == 90: # 90 degrees
byte_width = (w - 1) // 8 + 1
adj_size = h * byte_width
fb2 = FrameBuffer(bytearray(adj_size), h, w, MONO_HMSB)
for y1 in range(h):
for x1 in range(w):
if invert is True:
fb2.pixel(y1, x1,
fb.pixel(x1, (h - 1) - y1) ^ 0x01)
else:
fb2.pixel(y1, x1, fb.pixel(x1, (h - 1) - y1))
fb = fb2
elif rotate == 180: # 180 degrees
fb2 = FrameBuffer(bytearray(array_size), w, h, MONO_HMSB)
for y1 in range(h):
for x1 in range(w):
if invert is True:
fb2.pixel(
x1, y1,
fb.pixel((w - 1) - x1, (h - 1) - y1) ^ 0x01)
else:
fb2.pixel(x1, y1,
fb.pixel((w - 1) - x1, (h - 1) - y1))
fb = fb2
elif rotate == 270: # 270 degrees
byte_width = (w - 1) // 8 + 1
adj_size = h * byte_width
fb2 = FrameBuffer(bytearray(adj_size), h, w, MONO_HMSB)
for y1 in range(h):
for x1 in range(w):
if invert is True:
fb2.pixel(y1, x1,
fb.pixel((w - 1) - x1, y1) ^ 0x01)
else:
fb2.pixel(y1, x1, fb.pixel((w - 1) - x1, y1))
fb = fb2
return fb
def present(self):
"""Present image to display.
"""
x0 = 0
x1 = self.width - 1
if self.width == 64:
# displays with width of 64 pixels are shifted by 32
x0 += 32
x1 += 32
self.write_cmd(self.COLUMN_ADDRESS)
self.write_cmd(x0)
self.write_cmd(x1)
self.write_cmd(self.PAGE_ADDRESS)
self.write_cmd(0)
self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)
self.write_data(self.mono_image)
def reset(self):
"""Perform reset."""
self.rst(1)
sleep_ms(1)
self.rst(0)
sleep_ms(10)
self.rst(1)
def sleep(self):
"""Put display to sleep."""
self.write_cmd(self.DISPLAY_OFF)
def wake(self):
"""Wake display from sleep."""
self.write_cmd(self.DISPLAY_ON)
def write_cmd(self, command, *args):
"""Write command to display.
Args:
command (byte): Display command code.
*args (optional bytes): Data to transmit.
"""
self.dc(0)
self.cs(0)
self.spi.write(bytearray([command]))
self.cs(1)
# Handle any passed data
if len(args) > 0:
self.write_data(bytearray(args))
def write_data(self, data):
"""Write data to display.
Args:
data (bytes): Data to transmit.
"""
self.dc(1)
self.cs(0)
self.spi.write(data)
self.cs(1)
class SSD1306_I2C:
def __init__(self, width, height, i2c, addr=0x3c, external_vcc=False):
self.i2c = i2c
self.addr = addr
self.temp = bytearray(2)
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.external_vcc = external_vcc
self.pages = self.height // 8
self.buffer = bytearray(self.pages * self.width)
from framebuf import FrameBuffer, MVLSB
self.framebuf = FrameBuffer(self.buffer, self.width, self.height,
MVLSB)
self.init_display()
def write_cmd(self, cmd):
self.temp[0] = 0x80 # Co=1, D/C#=0
self.temp[1] = cmd
self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.temp)
def write_data(self, buf):
self.temp[0] = self.addr << 1
self.temp[1] = 0x40 # Co=0, D/C#=1
self.i2c.start()
self.i2c.write(self.temp)
self.i2c.write(buf)
self.i2c.stop()
def init_display(self):
for cmd in (0xae | 0x00, 0x20, 0x00, 0x40 | 0x00, 0xa0 | 0x01, 0xa8,
self.height - 1, 0xc0 | 0x08, 0xd3, 0x00, 0xda,
0x02 if self.height == 32 else 0x12, 0xd5, 0x80, 0xd9,
0x22 if self.external_vcc else 0xf1, 0xdb, 0x30, 0x81,
0xff, 0xa4, 0xa6, 0x8d,
0x10 if self.external_vcc else 0x14, 0xae | 0x01):
self.write_cmd(cmd)
self.fill(0)
self.show()
def poweroff(self):
self.write_cmd(0xae | 0x00)
def contrast(self, contrast):
self.write_cmd(0x81)
self.write_cmd(contrast)
def invert(self, invert):
self.write_cmd(0xa6 | (invert & 1))
def show(self):
x0 = 0
x1 = self.width - 1
if self.width == 64:
x0 += 32
x1 += 32
self.write_cmd(0x21)
self.write_cmd(x0)
self.write_cmd(x1)
self.write_cmd(0x22)
self.write_cmd(0)
self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)
self.write_data(self.buffer)
def fill(self, col):
self.framebuf.fill(col)
def pixel(self, x, y, col):
self.framebuf.pixel(x, y, col)
def scroll(self, dx, dy):
self.framebuf.scroll(dx, dy)
def text(self, string, x, y, col=1):
self.framebuf.text(string, x, y, col)