def excitation(MPS):
#Get the number of sites
sites = MPS.length
# Create the MPO
I = np.array([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
n = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
local = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[1, :, :, 0] = n
local[1, :, :, 1] = I
ni = mp.mpo(2, sites, 2, local)
# Calculate excitation
excitation = mp.expectation(ni, MPS) / sites
return excitation / mp.dot(MPS, MPS)
def occupation(MPS):
# Get the number of sites
sites = MPS.length
# Store occupations
occupations = np.zeros(sites)
# Loop through each site
for site in range(sites):
# Create the MPO
I = np.array([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
n = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
ni = mp.mpo(2, sites, 1, local)
nlocal = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
nlocal[0, :, :, 0] = n
ni.edit_structure(site, nlocal)
# Calculate occupation
occupations[site] = mp.expectation(ni, MPS)
return occupations / mp.dot(MPS, MPS)
def correlation_disconnected(MPS, distance=1):
# Get the number of sites
sites = MPS.length
norm = mp.dot(MPS, MPS)
# Operators
I = np.array([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
n = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
# Find the amount of pairs
pairs = sites - distance
# Store correlation
correlation = 0
# Get occupations
occupations = occupation(MPS)
# Loop through each pair
for site in range(pairs):
# Create an MPO
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
mpo = mp.mpo(2, sites, 1, local)
# Add the n operator to the correct sites
nlocal = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
nlocal[0, :, :, 0] = n
mpo.edit_structure(site, nlocal)
mpo.edit_structure(site + distance, nlocal)
# Calculate the expectation
correlation += mp.expectation(mpo, MPS) / norm
correlation -= occupations[site] * occupations[site + distance]
return correlation / pairs
def DW_correlation_disconnected(MPS, distance=1):
# Get the number of sites
sites = MPS.length
norm = mp.dot(MPS, MPS)
# Operators
I = np.array([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
n = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
# Find the amount of pairs
pairs = sites + 1 - distance
# Store correlation
correlation = 0
# Get occupations
occupations = DW_occupation(MPS)
# Loop through each pair
for site in range(pairs):
if distance == 1:
if site == 0:
# Create an MPO to measure
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
mpo = mp.mpo(2, sites, 1, local)
site1 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
site1[0, :, :, 0] = n
site2 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
site2[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
mpo.edit_structure(site, site1)
mpo.edit_structure(site + 1, site2)
elif site == sites - distance:
# Create an MPO to measure
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
mpo = mp.mpo(2, sites, 1, local)
site1 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
site1[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
site2 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
site2[0, :, :, 0] = n
mpo.edit_structure(site - 1, site1)
mpo.edit_structure(site, site2)
else:
# Create an MPO to measure
local = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[1, :, :, 1] = I
mpo = mp.mpo(2, sites, 2, local)
if site == 1:
site1 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 2))
site1[0, :, :, 0] = n
site1[0, :, :, 1] = I - n
else:
site1 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
site1[0, :, :, 0] = n
site1[1, :, :, 1] = I - n
site2 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
site2[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
site2[1, :, :, 1] = n
if site == sites - 1 - distance:
site3 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 1))
site3[0, :, :, 0] = n
site3[1, :, :, 0] = I - n
else:
site3 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
site3[0, :, :, 0] = n
site3[1, :, :, 1] = I - n
if site != 1:
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 2))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[0, :, :, 1] = I
mpo.edit_structure(0, local)
if site != sites - 1 - distance:
local = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[1, :, :, 0] = I
mpo.edit_structure(sites - 1, local)
mpo.edit_structure(site - 1, site1)
mpo.edit_structure(site, site2)
mpo.edit_structure(site + 1, site3)
else:
if site == 0:
# Create an MPO to measure
local = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[1, :, :, 1] = I
mpo = mp.mpo(2, sites, 2, local)
site1 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 2))
site1[0, :, :, 0] = n
site1[0, :, :, 1] = n
site2 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
site2[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
site2[1, :, :, 1] = n
site3 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
site3[0, :, :, 0] = n
site3[1, :, :, 1] = I - n
site4 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 1))
site4[0, :, :, 0] = I
site4[1, :, :, 0] = I
mpo.edit_structure(site, site1)
mpo.edit_structure(site + distance - 1, site2)
mpo.edit_structure(site + distance, site3)
mpo.edit_structure(sites - 1, site4)
elif site == sites - distance:
# Create an MPO to measure
local = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[1, :, :, 1] = I
mpo = mp.mpo(2, sites, 2, local)
site1 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
site1[0, :, :, 0] = n
site1[1, :, :, 1] = I - n
site2 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 2))
site2[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
site2[1, :, :, 1] = n
site3 = np.zeros((2, 2, 2, 1))
site3[0, :, :, 0] = n
site3[1, :, :, 0] = n
site4 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 2))
site4[0, :, :, 0] = I
site4[0, :, :, 1] = I
mpo.edit_structure(0, site4)
mpo.edit_structure(site - 1, site1)
mpo.edit_structure(site, site2)
mpo.edit_structure(site - 1 + distance, site3)
else:
# Create an MPO to measure
local = np.zeros((4, 2, 2, 4))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[1, :, :, 1] = I
local[2, :, :, 2] = I
local[3, :, :, 3] = I
mpo = mp.mpo(2, sites, 4, local)
if site == 1:
site1 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 4))
site1[0, :, :, 0] = n
site1[0, :, :, 1] = I - n
site1[0, :, :, 2] = n
site1[0, :, :, 3] = I - n
else:
site1 = np.zeros((4, 2, 2, 4))
site1[0, :, :, 0] = n
site1[1, :, :, 1] = I - n
site1[2, :, :, 2] = n
site1[3, :, :, 3] = I - n
site2 = np.zeros((4, 2, 2, 4))
site2[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
site2[1, :, :, 1] = n
site2[2, :, :, 2] = I - n
site2[3, :, :, 3] = n
site3 = np.zeros((4, 2, 2, 4))
site3[0, :, :, 0] = n
site3[1, :, :, 1] = I - n
site3[2, :, :, 2] = I - n
site3[3, :, :, 3] = n
if site == sites - 1 - distance:
site4 = np.zeros((4, 2, 2, 1))
site4[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
site4[1, :, :, 0] = n
site4[2, :, :, 0] = n
site4[3, :, :, 0] = I - n
else:
site4 = np.zeros((4, 2, 2, 4))
site4[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
site4[1, :, :, 1] = n
site4[2, :, :, 2] = n
site4[3, :, :, 3] = I - n
if site != 1:
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 4))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[0, :, :, 1] = I
local[0, :, :, 2] = I
local[0, :, :, 3] = I
mpo.edit_structure(0, local)
if site != sites - 1 - distance:
local = np.zeros((4, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
local[1, :, :, 0] = I
local[2, :, :, 0] = I
local[3, :, :, 0] = I
mpo.edit_structure(sites - 1, local)
mpo.edit_structure(site - 1, site1)
mpo.edit_structure(site, site2)
mpo.edit_structure(site - 1 + distance, site3)
mpo.edit_structure(site + distance, site4)
correl = mp.expectation(mpo, MPS) / norm
correlation += correl - occupations[site] * occupations[site +
distance]
return correlation / pairs
def DW_occupation(MPS):
# Get the number of sites
sites = MPS.length
# Store occupations
occupations = np.zeros(sites + 1)
norm = mp.dot(MPS, MPS)
# Local operators
I = np.array([[1, 0], [0, 1]])
n = np.array([[0, 0], [0, 1]])
# Loop through each site
for site in range(sites + 1):
if site == 0:
# Create local identity operator
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
# Create local n operator
nlocal1 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
nlocal1[0, :, :, 0] = n
# Create MPO
ni = mp.mpo(2, sites, 1, local)
ni.edit_structure(site, nlocal1)
# Calculate occupation
occupations[site] = mp.expectation(ni, MPS)
elif site == sites:
# Create local identity operator
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
# Create local n operator
nlocal1 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
nlocal1[0, :, :, 0] = n
# Create MPO
ni = mp.mpo(2, sites, 1, local)
ni.edit_structure(site - 1, nlocal1)
# Calculate occupation
occupations[site] = mp.expectation(ni, MPS)
else:
# Create local identity operator
local = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
local[0, :, :, 0] = I
# Create local n operator
nlocal1 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
nlocal1[0, :, :, 0] = n
# Create local 1-n operator
nlocal2 = np.zeros((1, 2, 2, 1))
nlocal2[0, :, :, 0] = I - n
# Create MPO
ni1 = mp.mpo(2, sites, 1, local)
ni1.edit_structure(site - 1, nlocal1)
ni1.edit_structure(site, nlocal2)
ni2 = mp.mpo(2, sites, 1, local)
ni2.edit_structure(site - 1, nlocal2)
ni2.edit_structure(site, nlocal1)
# Calculate occupation
occupations[site] += mp.expectation(ni1, MPS)
occupations[site] += mp.expectation(ni2, MPS)
return occupations / norm