def test_IEEE_case_9_with_bad_data():
# 1. Create network
# test grid: IEEE case 9 (HV)
# overall: 9 buses, 8 lines
# choosen standard deviations for different types of measurements:
# - V: 0.01 p.u.
# - P: 1000 kW (1kW for no load)
# - Q: 1000 kVA (1kVA for no load)
net = pp.networks.case9()
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.995, 0.01, bus=1) # V at bus 1
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.992, 0.01, bus=2) # V at bus 2
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.988, 0.01, bus=3) # V at bus 3
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.969, 0.01, bus=4) # V at bus 4
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.019, 0.01, bus=5) # V at bus 5
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.999, 0.01, bus=7) # V at bus 7
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.963, 0.01, bus=8) # V at bus 8
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 73137., 1000., bus=0) # P at bus 0
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 85133., 1000., bus=2) # P at bus 2
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 0., 1., bus=3) # P at bus 3
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 0., 1., bus=5) # P at bus 5
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", -99884., 1000., bus=6) # P at bus 6
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 0., 10., bus=7) # P at bus 7
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 24272., 1000., bus=0) # P at bus 0
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 13969., 1000., bus=1) # P at bus 1
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 4235., 1000., bus=2) # P at bus 2
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 0., 1., bus=3) # Q at bus 3
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", -30177., 1000., bus=4) # Q at bus 4
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 0., 10., bus=5) # Q at bus 5
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", -36856., 1000., bus=6) # Q at bus 6
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 0., 1., bus=7) # Q at bus 7
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", -49673., 1000., bus=8) # Q at bus 8
# 2. Do state estimation
success_SE = estimate(net, init='flat')
v_est_SE = net.res_bus_est.vm_pu.values
delta_SE = net.res_bus_est.va_degree.values
# 3. Create false measurements
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 3000., 1000., bus=1) # P at bus 1
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", -2000., 1000., bus=4) # P at bus 4
# 4. Do chi2-test
success_chi2 = chi2_analysis(net, init='flat')
# 5. Perform rn_max_test
success_rn_max = remove_bad_data(net, init='flat')
v_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.vm_pu.values
delta_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.va_degree.values
diff_v = v_est_SE - v_est_rn_max
diff_delta = delta_SE - delta_est_rn_max
assert success_SE
assert success_chi2
assert success_rn_max
assert (np.nanmax(abs(diff_v)) < 1e-5)
assert (np.nanmax(abs(diff_delta)) < 1e-5)
def test_IEEE_case_9_with_bad_data():
# 1. Create network
# test grid: IEEE case 9 (HV)
# overall: 9 buses, 8 lines
net = pp.networks.case9()
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.0, 0.01, bus=1) # V at bus 1
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.02, 0.01, bus=2) # V at bus 2
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.9822, 0.01, bus=3) # V at bus 3
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.979, 0.01, bus=4) # V at bus 4
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.005, 0.01, bus=5) # V at bus 5
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.997, 0.01, bus=7) # V at bus 7
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.953, 0.01, bus=8) # V at bus 8
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 72000, 100., bus=0)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 162780, 100., bus=1)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 84958, 70., bus=2)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 0., 1., bus=3)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", -89967., 20., bus=4)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 0., 10., bus=5)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", -100059., 30., bus=6)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 0., 10., bus=7)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", -125100, 50., bus=8)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 24000, 100., bus=0)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 14500, 100., bus=1)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 3644, 70., bus=2)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 0., 1., bus=3)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", -30041., 20., bus=4)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 0., 10., bus=5)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", -35087, 30., bus=6)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 0., 10., bus=7)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", -49900, 50., bus=8)
# 2. Do state estimation
success_SE = estimate(net, init='flat', ref_power=1e6)
v_est_SE = net.res_bus_est.vm_pu.values
delta_SE = net.res_bus_est.va_degree.values
# 3. Create false measurement (very close to useful values)
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.2, 0.01, bus=0) # V at bus 0
# 4. Do chi2-test
bad_data_detected = chi2_analysis(net, init='flat', ref_power=1e6)
# 5. Perform rn_max_test
success_rn_max = remove_bad_data(net, init='flat', ref_power=1e6, rn_max_threshold=7.0)
v_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.vm_pu.values
delta_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.va_degree.values
diff_v = v_est_SE - v_est_rn_max
diff_delta = delta_SE - delta_est_rn_max
assert success_SE
assert bad_data_detected
assert success_rn_max
assert (np.nanmax(abs(diff_v)) < 1e-5)
assert (np.nanmax(abs(diff_delta)) < 1e-5)
def test_3bus_with_bad_data():
net = pp.create_empty_network()
pp.create_bus(net, name="bus1", vn_kv=1.)
pp.create_bus(net, name="bus2", vn_kv=1.)
pp.create_bus(net, name="bus3", vn_kv=1.)
pp.create_ext_grid(net, 0)
pp.create_line_from_parameters(net, 0, 1, 1, r_ohm_per_km=0.7, x_ohm_per_km=0.2, c_nf_per_km=0,
max_i_ka=1)
pp.create_line_from_parameters(net, 0, 2, 1, r_ohm_per_km=0.8, x_ohm_per_km=0.8, c_nf_per_km=0,
max_i_ka=1)
pp.create_line_from_parameters(net, 1, 2, 1, r_ohm_per_km=1, x_ohm_per_km=0.6, c_nf_per_km=0,
max_i_ka=1)
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "line", -0.0011, 0.01, 0, 0) # p12
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "line", 0.024, 0.01, 0, 0) # q12
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", -0.018, 0.01, 2) # p3
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", 0.1, 0.01, 2) # q3
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.08, 0.05, 0) # u1
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.015, 0.05, 2) # u3
# 0. Do chi2-test for corret data
assert not chi2_analysis(net, init='flat')
# 1. Create false voltage measurement for testing bad data detection (-> should be removed)
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.3, 0.01, 1) # V at bus 2
# 2. Do chi2-test
bad_data_detected = chi2_analysis(net, init='flat')
# 3. Perform rn_max_test
success_rn_max = remove_bad_data(net, init='flat')
v_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.vm_pu.values
delta_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.va_degree.values
target_v = np.array([1.0627, 1.0589, 1.0317])
diff_v = target_v - v_est_rn_max
target_delta = np.array([0., 0.8677, 3.1381])
diff_delta = target_delta - delta_est_rn_max
assert bad_data_detected
assert success_rn_max
if not (np.nanmax(abs(diff_v)) < 1e-4) or\
not (np.nanmax(abs(diff_delta)) < 1e-4):
raise AssertionError("Estimation failed!")
def test_cigre_with_bad_data():
np.random.seed(123456)
net = nw.create_cigre_network_mv(with_der=False)
net.load.q_mvar = net.load["p_mw"].apply(lambda p: p * np.tan(np.arccos(np.random.choice([0.95, 0.9, 0.97]))))
pp.runpp(net)
for bus, row in net.res_bus.iterrows():
if bus == 2:
continue
if bus != 6:
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", row.vm_pu * r(0.01), 0.01, bus) # skip our bad data measurement
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", -row.p_mw * r(), max(0.001, abs(0.03 * row.p_mw)), bus)
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", -row.q_mvar * r(), max(0.001, abs(0.03 * row.q_mvar)), bus)
# 2. Do state estimation
success_SE = estimate(net, init='slack')
v_est_SE = net.res_bus_est.vm_pu.values
delta_SE = net.res_bus_est.va_degree.values
# 3. Create false measurement (very close to useful values)
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 0.85, 0.01, element=6)
# 4. Do chi2-test
bad_data_detected = chi2_analysis(net, init='slack')
# 5. Perform rn_max_test
success_rn_max = remove_bad_data(net, init='slack')
v_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.vm_pu.values
delta_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.va_degree.values
diff_v = v_est_SE - v_est_rn_max
diff_delta = delta_SE - delta_est_rn_max
assert success_SE
assert bad_data_detected
assert success_rn_max
assert (np.nanmax(abs(diff_v)) < 1e-8)
assert (np.nanmax(abs(diff_delta)) < 1e-8)
def test_3bus_with_bad_data():
# 1. Create 3-bus-network
net = pp.create_empty_network()
pp.create_ext_grid(net, 0)
pp.create_bus(net, name="bus1", vn_kv=1.)
pp.create_bus(net, name="bus2", vn_kv=1.)
pp.create_bus(net, name="bus3", vn_kv=1.)
pp.create_line_from_parameters(net,
0,
1,
1,
r_ohm_per_km=0.7,
x_ohm_per_km=0.2,
c_nf_per_km=0,
max_i_ka=1)
pp.create_line_from_parameters(net,
0,
2,
1,
r_ohm_per_km=0.8,
x_ohm_per_km=0.8,
c_nf_per_km=0,
max_i_ka=1)
pp.create_line_from_parameters(net,
1,
2,
1,
r_ohm_per_km=1,
x_ohm_per_km=0.6,
c_nf_per_km=0,
max_i_ka=1)
pp.create_measurement(net,
"p",
"line",
-0.0011e3,
0.01e3,
bus=0,
element=0) # Pline (bus 1 -> bus 2) at bus 1
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "line", 0.024e3, 0.01e3, bus=0,
element=0) # Qline (bus 1 -> bus 2) at bus 1
pp.create_measurement(net, "p", "bus", 0.018e3, 0.01e3,
bus=2) # P at bus 3
pp.create_measurement(net, "q", "bus", -0.1e3, 0.01e3, bus=2) # Q at bus 3
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.08, 0.05, bus=0) # V at bus 1
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.015, 0.05, bus=2) # V at bus 3
# create false voltage measurement for testing bad data detection (-> should be removed)
pp.create_measurement(net, "v", "bus", 1.3, 0.05, bus=1) # V at bus 2
# 2. Do chi2-test
success_chi2 = chi2_analysis(net, init='flat')
# 3. Perform rn_max_test
success_rn_max = remove_bad_data(net, init='flat')
v_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.vm_pu.values
delta_est_rn_max = net.res_bus_est.va_degree.values
target_v = np.array([1.0627, 1.0589, 1.0317])
diff_v = target_v - v_est_rn_max
target_delta = np.array([0., 0.8677, 3.1381])
diff_delta = target_delta - delta_est_rn_max
assert success_chi2
assert success_rn_max
assert (np.nanmax(abs(diff_v)) < 1e-4)
assert (np.nanmax(abs(diff_delta)) < 1e-4)