def setUp(self):
self.hp = HadsParser()
# captured metadata 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.metadata = u'|17BC752E|WKGR1|CHIPUXET RIVER AT WEST KINGSTON|41 28 56|-71 33 06|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |002840|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|-0.01|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|28|0.0|0.0|\r\n|CE4D0268|FOXR1|FOXPOINT HURRICANE BARRIER|41 48 57|-71 24 07|BOX|RI|CENED1|SU|161 |000100|30|HM|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|PA|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|TA|60,-9|0.1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|US|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|UD|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|\r\n|DD182264|USQR1|USQUEPAUG RIVER NEAR USQUEPAUG|41 28 36|-71 36 19|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |005830|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|0.0|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|58|0.0|0.0|\r\n'
# captured data 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.raw_data = u'CE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 16:30|4.94| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 17:00|4.41| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 16:30|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 17:00|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 16:30|66.20| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 17:00|67.30| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 16:30|5.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 17:00|8.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 16:30|358.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 17:00|353.00| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:30|3.07| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:45|3.07| |\r\n'
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Hads, self).__init__()
self.states_url = kwargs.get('states_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/hads/goog_earth/")
self.metadata_url = kwargs.get('metadata_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DCPInfo")
self.obs_retrieval_url = kwargs.get('obs_retrieval_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DecodedData")
self.station_codes = None
self.parser = HadsParser()
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Hads, self).__init__()
self.states_url = kwargs.get(
"states_url", "https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/hads/goog_earth/")
self.metadata_url = kwargs.get(
"metadata_url",
"https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DCPInfo",
)
self.obs_retrieval_url = kwargs.get(
"obs_retrieval_url",
"https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DecodedData",
)
self.station_codes = None
self.parser = HadsParser()
def setUp(self):
self.hp = HadsParser()
# captured metadata 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.metadata = u"|17BC752E|WKGR1|CHIPUXET RIVER AT WEST KINGSTON|41 28 56|-71 33 06|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |002840|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|-0.01|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|28|0.0|0.0|\r\n|CE4D0268|FOXR1|FOXPOINT HURRICANE BARRIER|41 48 57|-71 24 07|BOX|RI|CENED1|SU|161 |000100|30|HM|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|PA|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|TA|60,-9|0.1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|US|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|UD|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|\r\n|DD182264|USQR1|USQUEPAUG RIVER NEAR USQUEPAUG|41 28 36|-71 36 19|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |005830|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|0.0|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|58|0.0|0.0|\r\n" # noqa
# captured data 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.raw_data = u"CE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 16:30|4.94| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 17:00|4.41| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 16:30|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 17:00|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 16:30|66.20| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 17:00|67.30| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 16:30|5.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 17:00|8.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 16:30|358.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 17:00|353.00| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:30|3.07| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:45|3.07| |\r\n" # noqa
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Hads, self).__init__()
self.states_url = kwargs.get('states_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/hads/goog_earth/")
self.metadata_url = kwargs.get('metadata_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DCPInfo")
self.obs_retrieval_url = kwargs.get('obs_retrieval_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DecodedData")
self.station_codes = None
self.parser = HadsParser()
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Hads, self).__init__()
self.states_url = kwargs.get(
"states_url", "https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/hads/goog_earth/"
)
self.metadata_url = kwargs.get(
"metadata_url",
"https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DCPInfo",
)
self.obs_retrieval_url = kwargs.get(
"obs_retrieval_url",
"https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DecodedData",
)
self.station_codes = None
self.parser = HadsParser()
class Hads(Collector):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Hads, self).__init__()
self.states_url = kwargs.get(
'states_url', "https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/hads/goog_earth/")
self.metadata_url = kwargs.get(
'metadata_url',
"https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DCPInfo")
self.obs_retrieval_url = kwargs.get(
'obs_retrieval_url',
"https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DecodedData")
self.station_codes = None
self.parser = HadsParser()
def clear(self):
super(Hads, self).clear()
self.station_codes = None
@Collector.bbox.setter
def bbox(self, bbox):
Collector.bbox.fset(self, bbox)
self.station_codes = None
@Collector.features.setter
def features(self, features):
Collector.features.fset(self, features)
self.station_codes = None
def list_variables(self):
"""
List available variables and applies any filters.
"""
station_codes = self._get_station_codes()
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(station_codes)
variables = self._list_variables(station_codes)
if hasattr(self, '_variables') and self.variables is not None:
variables.intersection_update(set(self.variables))
return list(variables)
def _list_variables(self, station_codes):
"""
Internal helper to list the variables for the given station codes.
"""
# sample output from obs retrieval:
#
# DD9452D0
# HP(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 45.97
# HT(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 44.29
# PC(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 36.19
#
rvar = re.compile("""\n\s([A-Z]{2}[A-Z0-9]{0,1})\(\w+\)""")
variables = set()
resp = requests.post(self.obs_retrieval_url,
data={
'state': 'nil',
'hsa': 'nil',
'of': '3',
'extraids': " ".join(station_codes),
'sinceday': -1
})
resp.raise_for_status()
list(map(variables.add, rvar.findall(resp.text)))
return variables
def list_features(self):
station_codes = self._get_station_codes()
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(station_codes)
return station_codes
def collect(self):
var_filter = None
if hasattr(self, '_variables'):
var_filter = self._variables
time_extents = (self.start_time
if hasattr(self, 'start_time') else None,
self.end_time if hasattr(self, 'end_time') else None)
metadata, raw_data = self.raw()
return self.parser.parse(metadata, raw_data, var_filter, time_extents)
def raw(self, format=None):
"""
Returns a tuple of (metadata, raw data)
"""
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(self._get_station_codes())
metadata = self._get_metadata(station_codes)
raw_data = self._get_raw_data(station_codes)
return (metadata, raw_data)
def _apply_features_filter(self, station_codes):
"""
If the features filter is set, this will return the intersection of
those filter items and the given station codes.
"""
# apply features filter
if hasattr(self, 'features') and self.features is not None:
station_codes = set(station_codes)
station_codes = list(station_codes.intersection(set(
self.features)))
return station_codes
def _get_metadata(self, station_codes):
resp = requests.post(self.metadata_url,
data={
'state': 'nil',
'hsa': 'nil',
'of': '1',
'extraids': " ".join(station_codes),
'data': "Get Meta Data"
})
resp.raise_for_status()
return resp.text
def _get_station_codes(self, force=False):
"""
Gets and caches a list of station codes optionally within a bbox.
Will return the cached version if it exists unless force is True.
"""
if not force and self.station_codes is not None:
return self.station_codes
state_urls = self._get_state_urls()
# filter by bounding box against a shapefile
state_matches = None
if self.bbox:
with collection(
os.path.join(
"resources",
"ne_50m_admin_1_states_provinces_lakes_shp.shp"),
"r") as c:
geom_matches = [
x['properties'] for x in c.filter(bbox=self.bbox)
]
state_matches = [
x['postal'] if x['admin'] != 'Canada' else 'CN'
for x in geom_matches
]
self.station_codes = []
for state_url in state_urls:
if state_matches is not None:
state_abbr = state_url.split("/")[-1].split(".")[0]
if state_abbr not in state_matches:
continue
self.station_codes.extend(self._get_stations_for_state(state_url))
if self.bbox:
# retreive metadata for all stations to properly filter them
metadata = self._get_metadata(self.station_codes)
parsed_metadata = self.parser._parse_metadata(metadata)
def in_bbox(code):
lat = parsed_metadata[code]['latitude']
lon = parsed_metadata[code]['longitude']
return lon >= self.bbox[0] and lon <= self.bbox[
2] and lat >= self.bbox[1] and lat <= self.bbox[3]
self.station_codes = list(filter(in_bbox, self.station_codes))
return self.station_codes
def _get_state_urls(self):
root = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(self.states_url).text)
areas = root.find_all("area")
return list(set([x.attrs.get('href', None) for x in areas]))
def _get_stations_for_state(self, state_url):
state_root = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(state_url).text)
return [
x for x in [
x.attrs['href'].split("nesdis_id=")[-1]
for x in state_root.find_all('a')
] if len(x) > 0
]
def _get_raw_data(self, station_codes):
since = 7
if hasattr(self, 'start_time') and self.start_time is not None:
# calc delta between now and start_time
timediff = datetime.utcnow().replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc) - self.start_time
if timediff.days == 0:
if timediff.seconds / 60 / 60 > 0:
since = -(timediff.seconds / 60 / 60)
elif timediff.seconds / 60 > 0:
since = -1 # 1 hour minimum resolution
else:
since = min(7, timediff.days) # max of 7 days
resp = requests.post(self.obs_retrieval_url,
data={
'state': 'nil',
'hsa': 'nil',
'of': '1',
'extraids': " ".join(station_codes),
'sinceday': since
})
resp.raise_for_status()
return resp.text
class HadsParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.hp = HadsParser()
# captured metadata 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.metadata = u'|17BC752E|WKGR1|CHIPUXET RIVER AT WEST KINGSTON|41 28 56|-71 33 06|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |002840|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|-0.01|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|28|0.0|0.0|\r\n|CE4D0268|FOXR1|FOXPOINT HURRICANE BARRIER|41 48 57|-71 24 07|BOX|RI|CENED1|SU|161 |000100|30|HM|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|PA|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|TA|60,-9|0.1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|US|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|UD|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|\r\n|DD182264|USQR1|USQUEPAUG RIVER NEAR USQUEPAUG|41 28 36|-71 36 19|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |005830|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|0.0|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|58|0.0|0.0|\r\n'
# captured data 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.raw_data = u'CE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 16:30|4.94| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 17:00|4.41| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 16:30|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 17:00|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 16:30|66.20| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 17:00|67.30| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 16:30|5.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 17:00|8.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 16:30|358.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 17:00|353.00| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:30|3.07| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:45|3.07| |\r\n'
def test_parse(self):
station_collection = self.hp.parse(self.metadata, self.raw_data, None,
(None, None))
assert isinstance(station_collection, StationCollection)
station_collection.calculate_bounds()
assert station_collection.size == 3
def test__parse_metadata(self):
res = {
u'17BC752E': {
'channel': u'83 ',
'hsa': u'BOX',
'init_transmit': u'002840',
'latitude': 41.48222222222222,
'location_text': u'CHIPUXET RIVER AT WEST KINGSTON',
'longitude': -70.44833333333334,
'manufacturer': u'SI',
'nesdis_id': u'17BC752E',
'nwsli': u'WKGR1',
'owner': u'USGS01',
'state': u'RI',
'variables': {
u'HG': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.01,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'15,-9',
'gauge_correction': -0.01,
'time_offset': u'13'
},
u'VB': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.3124,-9',
'constant': u'0.311',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'28'
}
}
},
u'CE4D0268': {
'channel': u'161 ',
'hsa': u'BOX',
'init_transmit': u'000100',
'latitude': 41.81583333333333,
'location_text': u'FOXPOINT HURRICANE BARRIER',
'longitude': -70.59805555555556,
'manufacturer': u'SU',
'nesdis_id': u'CE4D0268',
'nwsli': u'FOXR1',
'owner': u'CENED1',
'state': u'RI',
'variables': {
u'HM': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.01,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'
},
u'PA': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.01,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'
},
u'TA': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.1,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'
},
u'UD': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'1,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'
},
u'US': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'1,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'
}
}
},
u'DD182264': {
'channel': u'83 ',
'hsa': u'BOX',
'init_transmit': u'005830',
'latitude': 41.47666666666667,
'location_text': u'USQUEPAUG RIVER NEAR USQUEPAUG',
'longitude': -70.39472222222223,
'manufacturer': u'SI',
'nesdis_id': u'DD182264',
'nwsli': u'USQR1',
'owner': u'USGS01',
'state': u'RI',
'variables': {
u'HG': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.01,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'15,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'13'
},
u'VB': {
'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.3124,-9',
'constant': u'0.311',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'58'
}
}
}
}
parsed = self.hp._parse_metadata(self.metadata)
assert parsed == res
def test__parse_data(self):
res = {
u'CE4D0268':
[(u'HM', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30), u'4.94'),
(u'HM', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0), u'4.41'),
(u'PA', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30), u'29.93'),
(u'PA', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0), u'29.93'),
(u'TA', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30), u'66.20'),
(u'TA', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0), u'67.30'),
(u'US', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30), u'5.00'),
(u'US', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0), u'8.00'),
(u'UD', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30), u'358.00'),
(u'UD', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0), u'353.00')],
u'DD182264':
[(u'HG', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30), u'3.07'),
(u'HG', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 45), u'3.07')]
}
parsed = self.hp._parse_data(self.raw_data, None, (None, None))
assert parsed == res
def test__parse_data_with_var_filter(self):
res = {
u'CE4D0268':
[(u'HM', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30), u'4.94'),
(u'HM', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0), u'4.41'),
(u'UD', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30), u'358.00'),
(u'UD', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0), u'353.00')]
}
parsed = self.hp._parse_data(self.raw_data, [u'HM', u'UD'],
(None, None))
class Hads(Collector):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Hads, self).__init__()
self.states_url = kwargs.get('states_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/hads/goog_earth/")
self.metadata_url = kwargs.get('metadata_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DCPInfo")
self.obs_retrieval_url = kwargs.get('obs_retrieval_url', "http://amazon.nws.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DecodedData")
self.station_codes = None
self.parser = HadsParser()
def clear(self):
super(Hads, self).clear()
self.station_codes = None
@Collector.bbox.setter
def bbox(self, bbox):
Collector.bbox.fset(self, bbox)
self.station_codes = None
@Collector.features.setter
def features(self, features):
Collector.features.fset(self, features)
self.station_codes = None
def list_variables(self):
"""
List available variables and applies any filters.
"""
station_codes = self._get_station_codes()
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(station_codes)
variables = self._list_variables(station_codes)
if hasattr(self, '_variables') and self.variables is not None:
variables.intersection_update(set(self.variables))
return list(variables)
def _list_variables(self, station_codes):
"""
Internal helper to list the variables for the given station codes.
"""
# sample output from obs retrieval:
#
# DD9452D0
# HP(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 45.97
# HT(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 44.29
# PC(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 36.19
#
rvar = re.compile("""\n\s([A-Z]{2}[A-Z0-9]{0,1})\(\w+\)""")
variables = set()
resp = requests.post(self.obs_retrieval_url, data={'state' : 'nil',
'hsa' : 'nil',
'of' : '3',
'extraids' : " ".join(station_codes),
'sinceday' : -1})
resp.raise_for_status()
map(variables.add, rvar.findall(resp.text))
return variables
def list_features(self):
station_codes = self._get_station_codes()
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(station_codes)
return station_codes
def collect(self):
var_filter = None
if hasattr(self, '_variables'):
var_filter = self._variables
time_extents = (self.start_time if hasattr(self, 'start_time') else None, self.end_time if hasattr(self, 'end_time') else None)
metadata, raw_data = self.raw()
return self.parser.parse(metadata, raw_data, var_filter, time_extents)
def raw(self, format=None):
"""
Returns a tuple of (metadata, raw data)
"""
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(self._get_station_codes())
metadata = self._get_metadata(station_codes)
raw_data = self._get_raw_data(station_codes)
return (metadata, raw_data)
def _apply_features_filter(self, station_codes):
"""
If the features filter is set, this will return the intersection of
those filter items and the given station codes.
"""
# apply features filter
if hasattr(self, 'features') and self.features is not None:
station_codes = set(station_codes)
station_codes = list(station_codes.intersection(set(self.features)))
return station_codes
def _get_metadata(self, station_codes):
resp = requests.post(self.metadata_url, data={'state' : 'nil',
'hsa' : 'nil',
'of' : '1',
'extraids' : " ".join(station_codes),
'data' : "Get Meta Data"})
resp.raise_for_status()
return resp.text
def _get_station_codes(self, force=False):
"""
Gets and caches a list of station codes optionally within a bbox.
Will return the cached version if it exists unless force is True.
"""
if not force and self.station_codes is not None:
return self.station_codes
state_urls = self._get_state_urls()
# filter by bounding box against a shapefile
state_matches = None
if self.bbox:
with collection(os.path.join("resources", "ne_50m_admin_1_states_provinces_lakes_shp.shp"), "r") as c:
geom_matches = map(lambda x: x['properties'], c.filter(bbox=self.bbox))
state_matches = map(lambda x: x['postal'] if x['admin'] != 'Canada' else u'CN', geom_matches)
self.station_codes = []
for state_url in state_urls:
if state_matches is not None:
state_abbr = state_url.split("/")[-1].split(".")[0]
if state_abbr not in state_matches:
continue
self.station_codes.extend(self._get_stations_for_state(state_url))
if self.bbox:
# retreive metadata for all stations to properly filter them
metadata = self._get_metadata(self.station_codes)
parsed_metadata = self.parser._parse_metadata(metadata)
def in_bbox(code):
lat = parsed_metadata[code]['latitude']
lon = parsed_metadata[code]['longitude']
return lon >= self.bbox[0] and lon <= self.bbox[2] and lat >= self.bbox[1] and lat <= self.bbox[3]
self.station_codes = filter(in_bbox, self.station_codes)
return self.station_codes
def _get_state_urls(self):
root = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(self.states_url).text)
areas = root.find_all("area")
return list(set(map(lambda x: x.attrs.get('href', None), areas)))
def _get_stations_for_state(self, state_url):
#print state_url
state_root = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(state_url).text)
return filter(lambda x: len(x) > 0, map(lambda x: x.attrs['href'].split("nesdis_id=")[-1], state_root.find_all('a')))
def _get_raw_data(self, station_codes):
since = 7
if hasattr(self, 'start_time') and self.start_time is not None:
# calc delta between now and start_time
timediff = datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc) - self.start_time
if timediff.days == 0:
if timediff.seconds / 60 / 60 > 0:
since = -(timediff.seconds / 60 / 60)
elif timediff.seconds / 60 > 0:
since = -1 # 1 hour minimum resolution
else:
since = min(7, timediff.days) # max of 7 days
resp = requests.post(self.obs_retrieval_url, data={'state' : 'nil',
'hsa' : 'nil',
'of' : '1',
'extraids' : " ".join(station_codes),
'sinceday' : since})
resp.raise_for_status()
return resp.text
class HadsParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.hp = HadsParser()
# captured metadata 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.metadata = u"|17BC752E|WKGR1|CHIPUXET RIVER AT WEST KINGSTON|41 28 56|-71 33 06|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |002840|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|-0.01|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|28|0.0|0.0|\r\n|CE4D0268|FOXR1|FOXPOINT HURRICANE BARRIER|41 48 57|-71 24 07|BOX|RI|CENED1|SU|161 |000100|30|HM|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|PA|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|TA|60,-9|0.1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|US|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|UD|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|\r\n|DD182264|USQR1|USQUEPAUG RIVER NEAR USQUEPAUG|41 28 36|-71 36 19|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |005830|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|0.0|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|58|0.0|0.0|\r\n" # noqa
# captured data 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.raw_data = u"CE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 16:30|4.94| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 17:00|4.41| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 16:30|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 17:00|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 16:30|66.20| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 17:00|67.30| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 16:30|5.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 17:00|8.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 16:30|358.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 17:00|353.00| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:30|3.07| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:45|3.07| |\r\n" # noqa
def test_parse(self):
station_collection = self.hp.parse(
self.metadata, self.raw_data, None, (None, None)
)
assert isinstance(station_collection, StationCollection)
station_collection.calculate_bounds()
assert station_collection.size == 3
def test__parse_metadata(self):
res = {
u"17BC752E": {
"channel": u"83 ",
"hsa": u"BOX",
"init_transmit": u"002840",
"latitude": 41.48222222222222,
"location_text": u"CHIPUXET RIVER AT WEST KINGSTON",
"longitude": -70.44833333333334,
"manufacturer": u"SI",
"nesdis_id": u"17BC752E",
"nwsli": u"WKGR1",
"owner": u"USGS01",
"state": u"RI",
"variables": {
u"HG": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"0.01,-9",
"constant": u"0.0",
"data_interval": u"15,-9",
"gauge_correction": -0.01,
"time_offset": u"13",
},
u"VB": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"0.3124,-9",
"constant": u"0.311",
"data_interval": u"60,-9",
"gauge_correction": 0.0,
"time_offset": u"28",
},
},
},
u"CE4D0268": {
"channel": u"161 ",
"hsa": u"BOX",
"init_transmit": u"000100",
"latitude": 41.81583333333333,
"location_text": u"FOXPOINT HURRICANE BARRIER",
"longitude": -70.59805555555556,
"manufacturer": u"SU",
"nesdis_id": u"CE4D0268",
"nwsli": u"FOXR1",
"owner": u"CENED1",
"state": u"RI",
"variables": {
u"HM": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"0.01,-9",
"constant": u"0.0",
"data_interval": u"60,-9",
"gauge_correction": 0.0,
"time_offset": u"1",
},
u"PA": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"0.01,-9",
"constant": u"0.0",
"data_interval": u"60,-9",
"gauge_correction": 0.0,
"time_offset": u"1",
},
u"TA": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"0.1,-9",
"constant": u"0.0",
"data_interval": u"60,-9",
"gauge_correction": 0.0,
"time_offset": u"1",
},
u"UD": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"1,-9",
"constant": u"0.0",
"data_interval": u"60,-9",
"gauge_correction": 0.0,
"time_offset": u"1",
},
u"US": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"1,-9",
"constant": u"0.0",
"data_interval": u"60,-9",
"gauge_correction": 0.0,
"time_offset": u"1",
},
},
},
u"DD182264": {
"channel": u"83 ",
"hsa": u"BOX",
"init_transmit": u"005830",
"latitude": 41.47666666666667,
"location_text": u"USQUEPAUG RIVER NEAR USQUEPAUG",
"longitude": -70.39472222222223,
"manufacturer": u"SI",
"nesdis_id": u"DD182264",
"nwsli": u"USQR1",
"owner": u"USGS01",
"state": u"RI",
"variables": {
u"HG": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"0.01,-9",
"constant": u"0.0",
"data_interval": u"15,-9",
"gauge_correction": 0.0,
"time_offset": u"13",
},
u"VB": {
"base_elevation": 0.0,
"coefficient": u"0.3124,-9",
"constant": u"0.311",
"data_interval": u"60,-9",
"gauge_correction": 0.0,
"time_offset": u"58",
},
},
},
}
parsed = self.hp._parse_metadata(self.metadata)
assert parsed == res
def test__parse_data(self):
res = {
u"CE4D0268": [
(
u"HM",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
4.94,
),
(
u"HM",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
4.41,
),
(
u"PA",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
29.93,
),
(
u"PA",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
29.93,
),
(
u"TA",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
66.20,
),
(
u"TA",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
67.30,
),
(
u"US",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
5.00,
),
(
u"US",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
8.00,
),
(
u"UD",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
358.00,
),
(
u"UD",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
353.00,
),
],
u"DD182264": [
(
u"HG",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
3.07,
),
(
u"HG",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 45).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
3.07,
),
],
}
parsed = self.hp._parse_data(self.raw_data, None, (None, None))
assert parsed == res
def test__parse_data_with_var_filter(self):
res = {
u"CE4D0268": [
(
u"HM",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
4.94,
),
(
u"HM",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
4.41,
),
(
u"UD",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
358.00,
),
(
u"UD",
datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(
tzinfo=pytz.utc
),
353.00,
),
]
}
parsed = self.hp._parse_data(
self.raw_data, [u"HM", u"UD"], (None, None)
)
assert parsed == res
class HadsParserTest(unittest.TestCase):
def setUp(self):
self.hp = HadsParser()
# captured metadata 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.metadata = u'|17BC752E|WKGR1|CHIPUXET RIVER AT WEST KINGSTON|41 28 56|-71 33 06|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |002840|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|-0.01|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|28|0.0|0.0|\r\n|CE4D0268|FOXR1|FOXPOINT HURRICANE BARRIER|41 48 57|-71 24 07|BOX|RI|CENED1|SU|161 |000100|30|HM|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|PA|60,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|TA|60,-9|0.1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|US|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|UD|60,-9|1,-9|0.0|1|0.0|0.0|\r\n|DD182264|USQR1|USQUEPAUG RIVER NEAR USQUEPAUG|41 28 36|-71 36 19|BOX|RI|USGS01|SI|83 |005830|60|HG|15,-9|0.01,-9|0.0|13|0.0|0.0|VB|60,-9|0.3124,-9|0.311|58|0.0|0.0|\r\n'
# captured data 26 July 2013 for stations ['DD182264', '17BC752E', 'CE4D0268']
self.raw_data = u'CE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 16:30|4.94| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|HM|2013-07-26 17:00|4.41| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 16:30|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|PA|2013-07-26 17:00|29.93| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 16:30|66.20| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|TA|2013-07-26 17:00|67.30| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 16:30|5.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|US|2013-07-26 17:00|8.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 16:30|358.00| |\r\nCE4D0268|FOXR1|UD|2013-07-26 17:00|353.00| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:30|3.07| |\r\nDD182264|USQR1|HG|2013-07-26 16:45|3.07| |\r\n'
def test_parse(self):
station_collection = self.hp.parse(self.metadata, self.raw_data, None, (None, None))
assert isinstance(station_collection, StationCollection)
station_collection.calculate_bounds()
assert station_collection.size == 3
def test__parse_metadata(self):
res = {u'17BC752E': {'channel': u'83 ',
'hsa': u'BOX',
'init_transmit': u'002840',
'latitude': 41.48222222222222,
'location_text': u'CHIPUXET RIVER AT WEST KINGSTON',
'longitude': -70.44833333333334,
'manufacturer': u'SI',
'nesdis_id': u'17BC752E',
'nwsli': u'WKGR1',
'owner': u'USGS01',
'state': u'RI',
'variables': {u'HG': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.01,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'15,-9',
'gauge_correction': -0.01,
'time_offset': u'13'},
u'VB': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.3124,-9',
'constant': u'0.311',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'28'}}},
u'CE4D0268': {'channel': u'161 ',
'hsa': u'BOX',
'init_transmit': u'000100',
'latitude': 41.81583333333333,
'location_text': u'FOXPOINT HURRICANE BARRIER',
'longitude': -70.59805555555556,
'manufacturer': u'SU',
'nesdis_id': u'CE4D0268',
'nwsli': u'FOXR1',
'owner': u'CENED1',
'state': u'RI',
'variables': {u'HM': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.01,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'},
u'PA': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.01,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'},
u'TA': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.1,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'},
u'UD': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'1,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'},
u'US': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'1,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'1'}}},
u'DD182264': {'channel': u'83 ',
'hsa': u'BOX',
'init_transmit': u'005830',
'latitude': 41.47666666666667,
'location_text': u'USQUEPAUG RIVER NEAR USQUEPAUG',
'longitude': -70.39472222222223,
'manufacturer': u'SI',
'nesdis_id': u'DD182264',
'nwsli': u'USQR1',
'owner': u'USGS01',
'state': u'RI',
'variables': {u'HG': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.01,-9',
'constant': u'0.0',
'data_interval': u'15,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'13'},
u'VB': {'base_elevation': 0.0,
'coefficient': u'0.3124,-9',
'constant': u'0.311',
'data_interval': u'60,-9',
'gauge_correction': 0.0,
'time_offset': u'58'}}}}
parsed = self.hp._parse_metadata(self.metadata)
assert parsed == res
def test__parse_data(self):
res = {u'CE4D0268': [(u'HM', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 4.94),
(u'HM', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 4.41),
(u'PA', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 29.93),
(u'PA', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 29.93),
(u'TA', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 66.20),
(u'TA', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 67.30),
(u'US', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 5.00),
(u'US', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 8.00),
(u'UD', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 358.00),
(u'UD', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 353.00)],
u'DD182264': [(u'HG', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 3.07),
(u'HG', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 45).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 3.07)]}
parsed = self.hp._parse_data(self.raw_data, None, (None, None))
assert parsed == res
def test__parse_data_with_var_filter(self):
res = {u'CE4D0268': [(u'HM', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 4.94),
(u'HM', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 4.41),
(u'UD', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 16, 30).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 358.00),
(u'UD', datetime.datetime(2013, 7, 26, 17, 0).replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc), 353.00)]}
parsed = self.hp._parse_data(self.raw_data, [u'HM', u'UD'], (None, None))
assert parsed == res
class Hads(Collector):
def __init__(self, **kwargs):
super(Hads, self).__init__()
self.states_url = kwargs.get(
"states_url", "https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/hads/goog_earth/"
)
self.metadata_url = kwargs.get(
"metadata_url",
"https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DCPInfo",
)
self.obs_retrieval_url = kwargs.get(
"obs_retrieval_url",
"https://hads.ncep.noaa.gov/nexhads2/servlet/DecodedData",
)
self.station_codes = None
self.parser = HadsParser()
def clear(self):
super(Hads, self).clear()
self.station_codes = None
@Collector.bbox.setter
def bbox(self, bbox):
Collector.bbox.fset(self, bbox)
self.station_codes = None
@Collector.features.setter
def features(self, features):
Collector.features.fset(self, features)
self.station_codes = None
def list_variables(self):
"""
List available variables and applies any filters.
"""
station_codes = self._get_station_codes()
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(station_codes)
variables = self._list_variables(station_codes)
if hasattr(self, "_variables") and self.variables is not None:
variables.intersection_update(set(self.variables))
return list(variables)
def _list_variables(self, station_codes):
"""
Internal helper to list the variables for the given station codes.
"""
# sample output from obs retrieval:
#
# DD9452D0
# HP(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 45.97
# HT(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 44.29
# PC(SRBM5)
# 2013-07-22 19:30 36.19
#
rvar = re.compile(r"\n\s([A-Z]{2}[A-Z0-9]{0,1})\(\w+\)")
variables = set()
resp = requests.post(
self.obs_retrieval_url,
data={
"state": "nil",
"hsa": "nil",
"of": "3",
"extraids": " ".join(station_codes),
"sinceday": -1,
},
)
resp.raise_for_status()
list(map(variables.add, rvar.findall(resp.text)))
return variables
def list_features(self):
station_codes = self._get_station_codes()
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(station_codes)
return station_codes
def collect(self, **kwargs):
var_filter = None
if hasattr(self, "_variables"):
var_filter = self._variables
time_extents = (
self.start_time if hasattr(self, "start_time") else None,
self.end_time if hasattr(self, "end_time") else None,
)
metadata, raw_data = self.raw(**kwargs)
return self.parser.parse(metadata, raw_data, var_filter, time_extents)
def raw(self, format=None, **kwargs):
"""
Returns a tuple of (metadata, raw data)
"""
station_codes = self._apply_features_filter(self._get_station_codes())
metadata = self._get_metadata(station_codes, **kwargs)
raw_data = self._get_raw_data(station_codes, **kwargs)
return (metadata, raw_data)
def _apply_features_filter(self, station_codes):
"""
If the features filter is set, this will return the intersection of
those filter items and the given station codes.
"""
# apply features filter
if hasattr(self, "features") and self.features is not None:
station_codes = set(station_codes)
station_codes = list(
station_codes.intersection(set(self.features))
)
return station_codes
def _get_metadata(self, station_codes, **kwargs):
if "verify" in kwargs:
verify_cert = kwargs["verify"]
else:
verify_cert = True # the default for requests
resp = requests.post(
self.metadata_url,
data={
"state": "nil",
"hsa": "nil",
"of": "1",
"extraids": " ".join(station_codes),
"data": "Get Meta Data",
},
verify=verify_cert,
)
resp.raise_for_status()
return resp.text
def _get_station_codes(self, force=False):
"""
Gets and caches a list of station codes optionally within a bbox.
Will return the cached version if it exists unless force is True.
"""
if not force and self.station_codes is not None:
return self.station_codes
state_urls = self._get_state_urls()
# filter by bounding box against a shapefile
state_matches = None
if self.bbox:
with collection(
os.path.join(
"resources",
"ne_50m_admin_1_states_provinces_lakes_shp.shp",
),
"r",
) as c:
geom_matches = [
x["properties"] for x in c.filter(bbox=self.bbox)
]
state_matches = [
x["postal"] if x["admin"] != "Canada" else "CN"
for x in geom_matches
]
self.station_codes = []
for state_url in state_urls:
if state_matches is not None:
state_abbr = state_url.split("/")[-1].split(".")[0]
if state_abbr not in state_matches:
continue
self.station_codes.extend(self._get_stations_for_state(state_url))
if self.bbox:
# retrieve metadata for all stations to properly filter them
metadata = self._get_metadata(self.station_codes)
parsed_metadata = self.parser._parse_metadata(metadata)
def in_bbox(code):
lat = parsed_metadata[code]["latitude"]
lon = parsed_metadata[code]["longitude"]
return (
lon >= self.bbox[0]
and lon <= self.bbox[2]
and lat >= self.bbox[1]
and lat <= self.bbox[3]
)
self.station_codes = list(filter(in_bbox, self.station_codes))
return self.station_codes
def _get_state_urls(self):
root = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(self.states_url).text)
areas = root.find_all("area")
return list({x.attrs.get("href", None) for x in areas})
def _get_stations_for_state(self, state_url):
state_root = BeautifulSoup(requests.get(state_url).text)
return [
x
for x in [
x.attrs["href"].split("nesdis_id=")[-1]
for x in state_root.find_all("a")
]
if len(x) > 0
]
def _get_raw_data(self, station_codes, **kwargs):
if "verify" in kwargs:
verify_cert = kwargs["verify"]
else:
verify_cert = True # the default for requests
since = 7
if hasattr(self, "start_time") and self.start_time is not None:
# calc delta between now and start_time
timediff = (
datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=pytz.utc) - self.start_time
)
if timediff.days == 0:
if timediff.seconds / 60 / 60 > 0:
since = -(timediff.seconds / 60 / 60)
elif timediff.seconds / 60 > 0:
since = -1 # 1 hour minimum resolution
else:
since = min(7, timediff.days) # max of 7 days
resp = requests.post(
self.obs_retrieval_url,
data={
"state": "nil",
"hsa": "nil",
"of": "1",
"extraids": " ".join(station_codes),
"sinceday": since,
},
verify=verify_cert,
)
resp.raise_for_status()
return resp.text