def __tune__(self): # First tune for the input connectivity and the reservoir connectivity connBounds = [ self.inputConnectivityBound, self.meanDegreeBound, self.betaBound ] connResult = optimize.differential_evolution(self.__ESNConnTrain__, bounds=connBounds) self.inputConnectivityOptimum = connResult.x[0] self.meanDegreeOptimum = int(np.floor(connResult.x[1])) self.betaOptimum = connResult.x[2] # With tuned parameters, create the network with optimal connections and keep the connections as same esn = EchoStateNetwork.EchoStateNetwork( size=self.size, inputData=self.trainingInputData, outputData=self.trainingOutputData, reservoirTopology=topology.SmallWorldGraphs( size=self.size, meanDegree=self.meanDegreeOptimum, beta=self.betaOptimum), inputConnectivity=self.inputConnectivityOptimum) self.inputWeightConn = esn.inputWeightRandom, esn.randomInputIndices self.reservoirWeightConn = esn.reservoirWeightRandom, esn.randomReservoirIndices # Tune the other parameters bounds = [ self.spectralRadiusBound, self.inputScalingBound, self.reservoirScalingBound, self.leakingRateBound ] result = optimize.differential_evolution(self.__ESNTrain__, bounds=bounds) return result.x[0], result.x[1], result.x[2], result.x[ 3], self.inputWeightConn, self.reservoirWeightConn
def __reservoirTrain__(self, x): #Extract the parameters meanDegree, beta = x meanDegree = int(meanDegree) # To get rid off the randomness in assigning weights, run it 10 times and take the average error times = 100 cumulativeError = 0 for i in range(times): # Input and weight connectivity Matrix inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology( self.inputD, self.size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.SmallWorldGraphs( size=self.size, meanDegree=meanDegree, beta=beta).generateWeightMatrix() #Create the reservoir res = classicESN.Reservoir( size=self.size, spectralRadius=self.spectralRadius, inputScaling=self.inputScaling, reservoirScaling=self.reservoirScaling, leakingRate=self.leakingRate, initialTransient=self.initialTransient, inputData=self.trainingInputData, outputData=self.trainingOutputData, inputWeightRandom=inputWeightMatrix, reservoirWeightRandom=reservoirWeightMatrix) #Train the reservoir res.trainReservoir() # Warm up predictedTrainingOutputData = res.predict( self.trainingInputData[-self.initialTransient:]) #Predict for the validation data predictedOutputData = util.predictFuture(res, self.initialSeed, self.horizon) gc.collect() #Calcuate the regression error errorFunction = metrics.MeanSquareError() error = errorFunction.compute(self.validationOutputData, predictedOutputData) cumulativeError += error regressionError = cumulativeError / times #Return the error print("\nThe Parameters: " + str(x) + " Regression error:" + str(regressionError)) return regressionError
def __ESNConnTrain__(self, x): #Extract the parameters inputConnectivity = x[0] meanDegree = int(np.floor(x[1])) beta = x[2] reservoirTopology = topology.SmallWorldGraphs(size=self.size, meanDegree=meanDegree, beta=beta) #print("\nParameters:"+str(x)) cumRMSE = 0 times = 10 #Run many times - just to get rid of randomness in assigning random weights for i in range(times): #Create the network esn = EchoStateNetwork.EchoStateNetwork( size=self.size, inputData=self.trainingInputData, outputData=self.trainingOutputData, reservoirTopology=reservoirTopology, inputConnectivity=inputConnectivity) #Train the reservoir esn.trainReservoir() #Predict for the validation data predictedOutputData = esn.predict(self.validationInputData) #Calcuate the regression error errorFunction = rmse.MeanSquareError() regressionError = errorFunction.compute(self.validationOutputData, predictedOutputData) cumRMSE += regressionError #Free the memory gc.collect() regressionError = cumRMSE / times #Return the error #print("Regression error"+str(regressionError)+"\n") return regressionError
def __ESNTrain__(self, x): #print("\nOptimizing esn parameters:"+str(x)) #Extract the parameters spectralRadius = x[0] inputScaling = x[1] reservoirScaling = x[2] leakingRate = x[3] #Create the reservoir esn = EchoStateNetwork.EchoStateNetwork( size=self.size, inputData=self.trainingInputData, outputData=self.trainingOutputData, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, initialTransient=self.initialTransient, inputWeightConn=self.inputWeightConn, reservoirWeightConn=self.reservoirWeightConn, reservoirTopology=topology.SmallWorldGraphs( size=self.size, meanDegree=self.meanDegreeOptimum, beta=self.betaOptimum)) #Train the reservoir esn.trainReservoir() #Predict for the validation data predictedOutputData = esn.predict(self.validationInputData) #Calcuate the regression error errorFunction = rmse.MeanSquareError() regressionError = errorFunction.compute(self.validationOutputData, predictedOutputData) #Free the memory gc.collect() #Return the error #print("Regression error"+str(regressionError)+"\n") return regressionError
def getNetworkStats(bestPopulation, type, size): log = [] for item in bestPopulation: averageDegree = 0.0 averagePathLength = 0.0 averageDiameter = 0.0 averageClusteringCoefficient = 0.0 # Run many times to get the average stats times = 1 for i in range(times): if(type == Topology.Random): connectivity = item[0][0,0] network = topology.RandomReservoirTopology(size=size, connectivity=connectivity) elif(type == Topology.ErdosRenyi): probability = item[0][0,0] network = topology.ErdosRenyiTopology(size=size, probability=probability) elif(type == Topology.ScaleFreeNetworks): attachment = int(item[0][0,0]) network = topology.ScaleFreeNetworks(size=size, attachmentCount=attachment) elif(type == Topology.SmallWorldGraphs): meanDegree = item[0][0,0] beta = item[0][1,0] network = topology.SmallWorldGraphs(size=size, meanDegree=meanDegree, beta=beta) averageDegree += network.networkStats.getAverageDegree() averagePathLength += network.networkStats.getAveragePathLenth() averageDiameter += network.networkStats.getDiameter() averageClusteringCoefficient += network.networkStats.getAverageClusteringCoefficient() stats = {} stats["averageDegree"] = averageDegree/times stats["averagePathLength"] = averagePathLength/times stats["averageDiameter"] = averageDiameter/times stats["averageClusteringCoefficient"] = averageClusteringCoefficient/times log.append((item[0], item[1], stats)) return log
depth = 1 featureVectors, targetVectors = util.formContinousFeatureAndTargetVectorsInOrder( normalizedSeries, depth) n = featureVectors.shape[0] # Input-to-reservoir fully connected size = 100 inputWeight = topology.ClassicInputTopology( inputSize=featureVectors.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() # Reservoir-to-reservoir fully connected #reservoirWeight = topology.ClassicReservoirTopology(size=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeight = topology.SmallWorldGraphs(size=size, meanDegree=int(size / 2), beta=0.8).generateWeightMatrix() res = ESN.Reservoir(size=size, inputData=featureVectors, outputData=targetVectors, spectralRadius=1.5, inputScaling=0.1, reservoirScaling=0.5, leakingRate=0.7, initialTransient=0, inputWeightRandom=inputWeight, reservoirWeightRandom=reservoirWeight) res.trainReservoir() #Warm up
def runSmallWorld(): smallWorldErrorError = 0 testPredictedOutputDataSmallWorld = 0 for i in range(runTimes): # Tune the Small world graphs meanDegreeBound = (2, size - 1) betaBound = (0.1, 1.0) esnTuner = tuner.ESNSmallWorldGraphsTuner( size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, validationInputData=validationInputData, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, inputConnectivity=inputConnectivity, meanDegreeBound=meanDegreeBound, betaBound=betaBound, times=10) meanDegreeOptimum, betaOptimum = esnTuner.getOptimalParameters() res = ESN.EchoStateNetwork(size=size, inputData=trainingInputData, outputData=trainingOutputData, reservoirTopology=topology.SmallWorldGraphs( size=size, meanDegree=meanDegreeOptimum, beta=betaOptimum), inputConnectivity=inputConnectivity) res.trainReservoir() #Warm up using training data trainingPredictedOutputData = res.predict(inputTrainingData) #Predict for future lastAvailablePoint = testInputData[0, 1] testingPredictedOutputData = [] for i in range(nTesting): #Compose the query query = [1.0] query.append(lastAvailablePoint) #Predict the next point nextPoint = res.predict(np.array(query).reshape(1, 2))[0, 0] testingPredictedOutputData.append(nextPoint) lastAvailablePoint = nextPoint testingPredictedOutputData = np.array( testingPredictedOutputData).reshape(nTesting, 1) #De-normalize actual = minMax.inverse_transform(testActualOutputData) testPredictedOutputDataSmallWorld = minMax.inverse_transform( testingPredictedOutputData) #Error smallWorldErrorError += errorFunction.compute( actual.reshape((actual.shape[0], 1)), testPredictedOutputDataSmallWorld.reshape( (testPredictedOutputDataSmallWorld.shape[0], 1))) return testPredictedOutputDataSmallWorld, (smallWorldErrorError / runTimes)
def tuneTrainPredictConnectivityGA(trainingInputData, trainingOutputData, validationOutputData, initialInputSeedForValidation, horizon, noOfBest, size=256,initialTransient=50, resTopology = Topology.Random, popSize=100, maxGeneration=100): # Other reservoir parameters spectralRadius = 0.79 inputScaling = 0.5 reservoirScaling = 0.5 leakingRate = 0.3 if(resTopology == Topology.Random): resTuner = rgTuner.RandomGraphTuner(size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, noOfBest=noOfBest, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, populationSize=popSize, maxGeneration=maxGeneration) resTuner.__tune__() reservoirConnectivityOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() bestPopulation = resTuner.getBestPopulation() inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology(inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.RandomReservoirTopology(size=size, connectivity=reservoirConnectivityOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() elif(resTopology == Topology.ErdosRenyi): resTuner = rgTuner.ErdosRenyiTuner(size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, noOfBest=noOfBest, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, populationSize=popSize, maxGeneration=maxGeneration) resTuner.__tune__() probabilityOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() bestPopulation = resTuner.getBestPopulation() inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology(inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.ErdosRenyiTopology(size=size, probability=probabilityOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() elif(resTopology == Topology.ScaleFreeNetworks): resTuner = rgTuner.ScaleFreeNetworksTuner(size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, noOfBest=noOfBest, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, populationSize=popSize, maxGeneration=maxGeneration) resTuner.__tune__() attachmentOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() bestPopulation = resTuner.getBestPopulation() inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology(inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.ScaleFreeNetworks(size=size, attachmentCount=attachmentOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() elif(resTopology == Topology.SmallWorldGraphs): resTuner = rgTuner.SmallWorldNetworksTuner(size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, noOfBest=noOfBest, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, populationSize=popSize, maxGeneration=maxGeneration) resTuner.__tune__() meanDegreeOptimum, betaOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() bestPopulation = resTuner.getBestPopulation() inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology(inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.SmallWorldGraphs(size=size, meanDegree=int(meanDegreeOptimum), beta=betaOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() #Train network = esn.Reservoir(size=size, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, initialTransient=initialTransient, inputData=trainingInputData, outputData=trainingOutputData, inputWeightRandom=inputWeightMatrix, reservoirWeightRandom=reservoirWeightMatrix) network.trainReservoir() warmupFeatureVectors, warmTargetVectors = formFeatureVectors(validationOutputData) predictedWarmup = network.predict(warmupFeatureVectors[-initialTransient:]) initialInputSeedForTesting = validationOutputData[-1] predictedOutputData = predictFuture(network, initialInputSeedForTesting, horizon)[:,0] return predictedOutputData, bestPopulation
trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, validationInputData=trainingInputData, validationOutputData=trainingOutputData, inputConnectivityBound=inputConnectivityBound, meanDegreeBound=meanDegreeBound, betaBound=betaBound) inputConnectivityOptimum, meanDegreeOptimum, betaOptimum = esnTuner.getOptimalParameters( ) network = esn.EchoStateNetwork(size=size, inputData=trainingInputData, outputData=trainingOutputData, reservoirTopology=topology.SmallWorldGraphs( size=size, meanDegree=meanDegreeOptimum, beta=betaOptimum), inputConnectivity=inputConnectivityOptimum) network.trainReservoir() #Warm up for the trained data predictedTrainingOutputData = network.predict(trainingInputData) #Predict for future lastAvailablePoint = predictedTrainingOutputData[nTraining - 1, 0] testingPredictedOutputData = [] for i in range(nTesting): #Compose the query query = [1.0] query.append(lastAvailablePoint)
def tuneConnectivity(trainingInputData, trainingOutputData, validationOutputData, initialInputSeedForValidation, horizon, testingActualOutputData, size=256, initialTransient=50, resTopology=Topology.Classic): # Other reservoir parameters spectralRadius = 0.79 inputScaling = 0.5 reservoirScaling = 0.5 leakingRate = 0.3 # Optimal Parameters List optimalParameters = {} if (resTopology == Topology.Classic): # Run 100 times and get the average regression error iterations = 1000 cumulativeError = 0.0 for i in range(iterations): inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology( inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicReservoirTopology( size=size).generateWeightMatrix() error = trainAndGetError( size=size, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, inputWeightMatrix=inputWeightMatrix, reservoirWeightMatrix=reservoirWeightMatrix, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, horizon=horizon, testingActualOutputData=testingActualOutputData) # Calculate the error cumulativeError += error return cumulativeError / iterations, optimalParameters elif (resTopology == Topology.Random): resTuner = tuner.RandomConnectivityBruteTuner( size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate) reservoirConnectivityOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() optimalParameters[ "Optimal_Reservoir_Connectivity"] = reservoirConnectivityOptimum # Run 100 times and get the average regression error iterations = 1000 cumulativeError = 0.0 for i in range(iterations): inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology( inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.RandomReservoirTopology( size=size, connectivity=reservoirConnectivityOptimum ).generateWeightMatrix() error = trainAndGetError( size=size, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, inputWeightMatrix=inputWeightMatrix, reservoirWeightMatrix=reservoirWeightMatrix, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, horizon=horizon, testingActualOutputData=testingActualOutputData) # Calculate the error cumulativeError += error return cumulativeError / iterations, optimalParameters elif (resTopology == Topology.ErdosRenyi): resTuner = tuner.ErdosRenyiConnectivityBruteTuner( size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate) probabilityOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() optimalParameters[ "Optimal_Connectivity_Probability"] = probabilityOptimum # Run 100 times and get the average regression error iterations = 1000 cumulativeError = 0.0 for i in range(iterations): inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology( inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.ErdosRenyiTopology( size=size, probability=probabilityOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() error = trainAndGetError( size=size, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, inputWeightMatrix=inputWeightMatrix, reservoirWeightMatrix=reservoirWeightMatrix, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, horizon=horizon, testingActualOutputData=testingActualOutputData) # Calculate the error cumulativeError += error return cumulativeError / iterations, optimalParameters elif (resTopology == Topology.ScaleFreeNetworks): resTuner = tuner.ScaleFreeNetworksConnectivityBruteTuner( size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate) attachmentOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() optimalParameters[ "Optimal_Preferential_Attachment"] = attachmentOptimum # Run 100 times and get the average regression error iterations = 1000 cumulativeError = 0.0 for i in range(iterations): inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology( inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.ScaleFreeNetworks( size=size, attachmentCount=attachmentOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() error = trainAndGetError( size=size, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, inputWeightMatrix=inputWeightMatrix, reservoirWeightMatrix=reservoirWeightMatrix, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, horizon=horizon, testingActualOutputData=testingActualOutputData) # Calculate the error cumulativeError += error return cumulativeError / iterations, optimalParameters elif (resTopology == Topology.SmallWorldGraphs): resTuner = tuner.SmallWorldGraphsConnectivityBruteTuner( size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate) meanDegreeOptimum, betaOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() optimalParameters["Optimal_MeanDegree"] = meanDegreeOptimum optimalParameters["Optimal_Beta"] = betaOptimum # Run 100 times and get the average regression error iterations = 1000 cumulativeError = 0.0 for i in range(iterations): inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology( inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.SmallWorldGraphs( size=size, meanDegree=int(meanDegreeOptimum), beta=betaOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() error = trainAndGetError( size=size, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, inputWeightMatrix=inputWeightMatrix, reservoirWeightMatrix=reservoirWeightMatrix, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, horizon=horizon, testingActualOutputData=testingActualOutputData) # Calculate the error cumulativeError += error return cumulativeError / iterations, optimalParameters
def tuneTrainPredictConnectivityNonBrute(trainingInputData, trainingOutputData, validationOutputData, initialInputSeedForValidation, horizon, size=256, initialTransient=50, resTopology=Topology.Random): # Other reservoir parameters spectralRadius = 0.79 inputScaling = 0.5 reservoirScaling = 0.5 leakingRate = 0.3 if (resTopology == Topology.Random): resTuner = tuner.RandomConnectivityTuner( size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate) reservoirConnectivityOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology( inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.RandomReservoirTopology( size=size, connectivity=reservoirConnectivityOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() elif (resTopology == Topology.SmallWorldGraphs): resTuner = tuner.SmallWorldGraphsConnectivityNonBruteTuner( size=size, initialTransient=initialTransient, trainingInputData=trainingInputData, trainingOutputData=trainingOutputData, initialSeed=initialInputSeedForValidation, validationOutputData=validationOutputData, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate) meanDegreeOptimum, betaOptimum = resTuner.getOptimalParameters() inputWeightMatrix = topology.ClassicInputTopology( inputSize=trainingInputData.shape[1], reservoirSize=size).generateWeightMatrix() reservoirWeightMatrix = topology.SmallWorldGraphs( size=size, meanDegree=int(meanDegreeOptimum), beta=betaOptimum).generateWeightMatrix() #Train network = ESN.Reservoir(size=size, spectralRadius=spectralRadius, inputScaling=inputScaling, reservoirScaling=reservoirScaling, leakingRate=leakingRate, initialTransient=initialTransient, inputData=trainingInputData, outputData=trainingOutputData, inputWeightRandom=inputWeightMatrix, reservoirWeightRandom=reservoirWeightMatrix) network.trainReservoir() warmupFeatureVectors, warmTargetVectors = formFeatureVectors( validationOutputData) predictedWarmup = network.predict(warmupFeatureVectors[-initialTransient:]) initialInputSeedForTesing = validationOutputData[-1] predictedOutputData = predictFuture(network, initialInputSeedForTesing, horizon)[:, 0] return predictedOutputData