class Sanic(BaseSanic):
"""
The main application instance
"""
_app_registry: Dict[str, "Sanic"] = {}
test_mode = False
def __init__(
self,
name: str = None,
router: Router = None,
error_handler: ErrorHandler = None,
load_env: bool = True,
request_class: Type[Request] = None,
strict_slashes: bool = False,
log_config: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
configure_logging: bool = True,
register: Optional[bool] = None,
) -> None:
super().__init__()
if name is None:
raise SanicException(
"Sanic instance cannot be unnamed. "
"Please use Sanic(name='your_application_name') instead.",
)
# logging
if configure_logging:
logging.config.dictConfig(log_config or LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS)
self.name = name
self.asgi = False
self.router = router or Router()
self.request_class = request_class
self.error_handler = error_handler or ErrorHandler()
self.config = Config(load_env=load_env)
self.request_middleware: Deque[MiddlewareType] = deque()
self.response_middleware: Deque[MiddlewareType] = deque()
self.blueprints: Dict[str, Blueprint] = {}
self._blueprint_order: List[Blueprint] = []
self.configure_logging = configure_logging
self.debug = None
self.sock = None
self.strict_slashes = strict_slashes
self.listeners: Dict[str, List[ListenerType]] = defaultdict(list)
self.is_stopping = False
self.is_running = False
self.websocket_enabled = False
self.websocket_tasks: Set[Future] = set()
self.named_request_middleware: Dict[str, Deque[MiddlewareType]] = {}
self.named_response_middleware: Dict[str, Deque[MiddlewareType]] = {}
# self.named_request_middleware: Dict[str, MiddlewareType] = {}
# self.named_response_middleware: Dict[str, MiddlewareType] = {}
self._test_manager = None
self._test_client = None
self._asgi_client = None
# Register alternative method names
self.go_fast = self.run
if register is not None:
self.config.REGISTER = register
if self.config.REGISTER:
self.__class__.register_app(self)
self.router.ctx.app = self
@property
def loop(self):
"""
Synonymous with asyncio.get_event_loop().
.. note::
Only supported when using the `app.run` method.
"""
if not self.is_running and self.asgi is False:
raise SanicException(
"Loop can only be retrieved after the app has started "
"running. Not supported with `create_server` function"
)
return get_event_loop()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Registration
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def add_task(self, task) -> None:
"""
Schedule a task to run later, after the loop has started.
Different from asyncio.ensure_future in that it does not
also return a future, and the actual ensure_future call
is delayed until before server start.
`See user guide
<https://sanicframework.org/guide/basics/tasks.html#background-tasks>`__
:param task: future, couroutine or awaitable
"""
try:
loop = self.loop # Will raise SanicError if loop is not started
self._loop_add_task(task, self, loop)
except SanicException:
self.listener("before_server_start")(
partial(self._loop_add_task, task)
)
def register_listener(self, listener: Callable, event: str) -> Any:
"""
Register the listener for a given event.
:param listener: callable i.e. setup_db(app, loop)
:param event: when to register listener i.e. 'before_server_start'
:return: listener
"""
try:
_event = ListenerEvent(event)
except ValueError:
valid = ", ".join(ListenerEvent.__members__.values())
raise InvalidUsage(f"Invalid event: {event}. Use one of: {valid}")
self.listeners[_event].append(listener)
return listener
def register_middleware(self, middleware, attach_to: str = "request"):
"""
Register an application level middleware that will be attached
to all the API URLs registered under this application.
This method is internally invoked by the :func:`middleware`
decorator provided at the app level.
:param middleware: Callback method to be attached to the
middleware
:param attach_to: The state at which the middleware needs to be
invoked in the lifecycle of an *HTTP Request*.
**request** - Invoke before the request is processed
**response** - Invoke before the response is returned back
:return: decorated method
"""
if attach_to == "request":
if middleware not in self.request_middleware:
self.request_middleware.append(middleware)
if attach_to == "response":
if middleware not in self.response_middleware:
self.response_middleware.appendleft(middleware)
return middleware
def register_named_middleware(
self,
middleware,
route_names: Iterable[str],
attach_to: str = "request",
):
"""
Method for attaching middleware to specific routes. This is mainly an
internal tool for use by Blueprints to attach middleware to only its
specfic routes. But, it could be used in a more generalized fashion.
:param middleware: the middleware to execute
:param route_names: a list of the names of the endpoints
:type route_names: Iterable[str]
:param attach_to: whether to attach to request or response,
defaults to "request"
:type attach_to: str, optional
"""
if attach_to == "request":
for _rn in route_names:
if _rn not in self.named_request_middleware:
self.named_request_middleware[_rn] = deque()
if middleware not in self.named_request_middleware[_rn]:
self.named_request_middleware[_rn].append(middleware)
if attach_to == "response":
for _rn in route_names:
if _rn not in self.named_response_middleware:
self.named_response_middleware[_rn] = deque()
if middleware not in self.named_response_middleware[_rn]:
self.named_response_middleware[_rn].appendleft(middleware)
return middleware
def _apply_exception_handler(self, handler: FutureException):
"""Decorate a function to be registered as a handler for exceptions
:param exceptions: exceptions
:return: decorated function
"""
for exception in handler.exceptions:
if isinstance(exception, (tuple, list)):
for e in exception:
self.error_handler.add(e, handler.handler)
else:
self.error_handler.add(exception, handler.handler)
return handler.handler
def _apply_listener(self, listener: FutureListener):
return self.register_listener(listener.listener, listener.event)
def _apply_route(self, route: FutureRoute) -> List[Route]:
params = route._asdict()
websocket = params.pop("websocket", False)
subprotocols = params.pop("subprotocols", None)
if websocket:
self.enable_websocket()
websocket_handler = partial(
self._websocket_handler,
route.handler,
subprotocols=subprotocols,
)
websocket_handler.__name__ = route.handler.__name__ # type: ignore
websocket_handler.is_websocket = True # type: ignore
params["handler"] = websocket_handler
routes = self.router.add(**params)
if isinstance(routes, Route):
routes = [routes]
for r in routes:
r.ctx.websocket = websocket
r.ctx.static = params.get("static", False)
return routes
def _apply_static(self, static: FutureStatic) -> Route:
return self._register_static(static)
def _apply_middleware(
self,
middleware: FutureMiddleware,
route_names: Optional[List[str]] = None,
):
if route_names:
return self.register_named_middleware(
middleware.middleware, route_names, middleware.attach_to
)
else:
return self.register_middleware(
middleware.middleware, middleware.attach_to
)
def enable_websocket(self, enable=True):
"""Enable or disable the support for websocket.
Websocket is enabled automatically if websocket routes are
added to the application.
"""
if not self.websocket_enabled:
# if the server is stopped, we want to cancel any ongoing
# websocket tasks, to allow the server to exit promptly
self.listener("before_server_stop")(self._cancel_websocket_tasks)
self.websocket_enabled = enable
def blueprint(self, blueprint, **options):
"""Register a blueprint on the application.
:param blueprint: Blueprint object or (list, tuple) thereof
:param options: option dictionary with blueprint defaults
:return: Nothing
"""
if isinstance(blueprint, (list, tuple, BlueprintGroup)):
for item in blueprint:
self.blueprint(item, **options)
return
if blueprint.name in self.blueprints:
assert self.blueprints[blueprint.name] is blueprint, (
'A blueprint with the name "%s" is already registered. '
"Blueprint names must be unique." % (blueprint.name,)
)
else:
self.blueprints[blueprint.name] = blueprint
self._blueprint_order.append(blueprint)
if (
self.strict_slashes is not None
and blueprint.strict_slashes is None
):
blueprint.strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
blueprint.register(self, options)
def url_for(self, view_name: str, **kwargs):
"""Build a URL based on a view name and the values provided.
In order to build a URL, all request parameters must be supplied as
keyword arguments, and each parameter must pass the test for the
specified parameter type. If these conditions are not met, a
`URLBuildError` will be thrown.
Keyword arguments that are not request parameters will be included in
the output URL's query string.
`See user guide
<https://sanicframework.org/guide/basics/routing.html#generating-a-url>`__
:param view_name: string referencing the view name
:param kwargs: keys and values that are used to build request
parameters and query string arguments.
:return: the built URL
Raises:
URLBuildError
"""
# find the route by the supplied view name
kw: Dict[str, str] = {}
# special static files url_for
if "." not in view_name:
view_name = f"{self.name}.{view_name}"
if view_name.endswith(".static"):
name = kwargs.pop("name", None)
if name:
view_name = view_name.replace("static", name)
kw.update(name=view_name)
route = self.router.find_route_by_view_name(view_name, **kw)
if not route:
raise URLBuildError(
f"Endpoint with name `{view_name}` was not found"
)
uri = route.path
if getattr(route.ctx, "static", None):
filename = kwargs.pop("filename", "")
# it's static folder
if "__file_uri__" in uri:
folder_ = uri.split("<__file_uri__:", 1)[0]
if folder_.endswith("/"):
folder_ = folder_[:-1]
if filename.startswith("/"):
filename = filename[1:]
kwargs["__file_uri__"] = filename
if (
uri != "/"
and uri.endswith("/")
and not route.strict
and not route.raw_path[:-1]
):
uri = uri[:-1]
if not uri.startswith("/"):
uri = f"/{uri}"
out = uri
# _method is only a placeholder now, don't know how to support it
kwargs.pop("_method", None)
anchor = kwargs.pop("_anchor", "")
# _external need SERVER_NAME in config or pass _server arg
host = kwargs.pop("_host", None)
external = kwargs.pop("_external", False) or bool(host)
scheme = kwargs.pop("_scheme", "")
if route.ctx.hosts and external:
if not host and len(route.ctx.hosts) > 1:
raise ValueError(
f"Host is ambiguous: {', '.join(route.ctx.hosts)}"
)
elif host and host not in route.ctx.hosts:
raise ValueError(
f"Requested host ({host}) is not available for this "
f"route: {route.ctx.hosts}"
)
elif not host:
host = list(route.ctx.hosts)[0]
if scheme and not external:
raise ValueError("When specifying _scheme, _external must be True")
netloc = kwargs.pop("_server", None)
if netloc is None and external:
netloc = host or self.config.get("SERVER_NAME", "")
if external:
if not scheme:
if ":" in netloc[:8]:
scheme = netloc[:8].split(":", 1)[0]
else:
scheme = "http"
if "://" in netloc[:8]:
netloc = netloc.split("://", 1)[-1]
# find all the parameters we will need to build in the URL
# matched_params = re.findall(self.router.parameter_pattern, uri)
route.finalize()
for param_info in route.params.values():
# name, _type, pattern = self.router.parse_parameter_string(match)
# we only want to match against each individual parameter
try:
supplied_param = str(kwargs.pop(param_info.name))
except KeyError:
raise URLBuildError(
f"Required parameter `{param_info.name}` was not "
"passed to url_for"
)
# determine if the parameter supplied by the caller
# passes the test in the URL
if param_info.pattern:
passes_pattern = param_info.pattern.match(supplied_param)
if not passes_pattern:
if param_info.cast != str:
msg = (
f'Value "{supplied_param}" '
f"for parameter `{param_info.name}` does "
"not match pattern for type "
f"`{param_info.cast.__name__}`: "
f"{param_info.pattern.pattern}"
)
else:
msg = (
f'Value "{supplied_param}" for parameter '
f"`{param_info.name}` does not satisfy "
f"pattern {param_info.pattern.pattern}"
)
raise URLBuildError(msg)
# replace the parameter in the URL with the supplied value
replacement_regex = f"(<{param_info.name}.*?>)"
out = re.sub(replacement_regex, supplied_param, out)
# parse the remainder of the keyword arguments into a querystring
query_string = urlencode(kwargs, doseq=True) if kwargs else ""
# scheme://netloc/path;parameters?query#fragment
out = urlunparse((scheme, netloc, out, "", query_string, anchor))
return out
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Request Handling
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
async def handle_exception(
self, request: Request, exception: BaseException
):
"""
A handler that catches specific exceptions and outputs a response.
:param request: The current request object
:type request: :class:`SanicASGITestClient`
:param exception: The exception that was raised
:type exception: BaseException
:raises ServerError: response 500
"""
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Request Middleware
# -------------------------------------------- #
response = await self._run_request_middleware(
request, request_name=None
)
# No middleware results
if not response:
try:
response = self.error_handler.response(request, exception)
if isawaitable(response):
response = await response
except Exception as e:
if isinstance(e, SanicException):
response = self.error_handler.default(request, e)
elif self.debug:
response = HTTPResponse(
(
f"Error while handling error: {e}\n"
f"Stack: {format_exc()}"
),
status=500,
)
else:
response = HTTPResponse(
"An error occurred while handling an error", status=500
)
if response is not None:
try:
response = await request.respond(response)
except BaseException:
# Skip response middleware
if request.stream:
request.stream.respond(response)
await response.send(end_stream=True)
raise
else:
if request.stream:
response = request.stream.response
if isinstance(response, BaseHTTPResponse):
await response.send(end_stream=True)
else:
raise ServerError(
f"Invalid response type {response!r} (need HTTPResponse)"
)
async def handle_request(self, request: Request):
"""Take a request from the HTTP Server and return a response object
to be sent back The HTTP Server only expects a response object, so
exception handling must be done here
:param request: HTTP Request object
:param write_callback: Synchronous response function to be
called with the response as the only argument
:param stream_callback: Coroutine that handles streaming a
StreamingHTTPResponse if produced by the handler.
:return: Nothing
"""
# Define `response` var here to remove warnings about
# allocation before assignment below.
response = None
try:
# Fetch handler from router
(
route,
handler,
kwargs,
) = self.router.get(request)
request._match_info = kwargs
request.route = route
request.name = route.name
request.uri_template = f"/{route.path}"
request.endpoint = request.name
if (
request.stream
and request.stream.request_body
and not route.ctx.ignore_body
):
if hasattr(handler, "is_stream"):
# Streaming handler: lift the size limit
request.stream.request_max_size = float("inf")
else:
# Non-streaming handler: preload body
await request.receive_body()
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Request Middleware
# -------------------------------------------- #
response = await self._run_request_middleware(
request, request_name=route.name
)
# No middleware results
if not response:
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Execute Handler
# -------------------------------------------- #
if handler is None:
raise ServerError(
(
"'None' was returned while requesting a "
"handler from the router"
)
)
# Run response handler
response = handler(request, **kwargs)
if isawaitable(response):
response = await response
if response:
response = await request.respond(response)
else:
if request.stream:
response = request.stream.response
# Make sure that response is finished / run StreamingHTTP callback
if isinstance(response, BaseHTTPResponse):
await response.send(end_stream=True)
else:
try:
# Fastest method for checking if the property exists
handler.is_websocket # type: ignore
except AttributeError:
raise ServerError(
f"Invalid response type {response!r} "
"(need HTTPResponse)"
)
except CancelledError:
raise
except Exception as e:
# Response Generation Failed
await self.handle_exception(request, e)
async def _websocket_handler(
self, handler, request, *args, subprotocols=None, **kwargs
):
request.app = self
if not getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", False):
request.endpoint = handler.__name__
else:
request.endpoint = (
getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", "") + handler.__name__
)
pass
if self.asgi:
ws = request.transport.get_websocket_connection()
else:
protocol = request.transport.get_protocol()
protocol.app = self
ws = await protocol.websocket_handshake(request, subprotocols)
# schedule the application handler
# its future is kept in self.websocket_tasks in case it
# needs to be cancelled due to the server being stopped
fut = ensure_future(handler(request, ws, *args, **kwargs))
self.websocket_tasks.add(fut)
try:
await fut
except (CancelledError, ConnectionClosed):
pass
finally:
self.websocket_tasks.remove(fut)
await ws.close()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Testing
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
@property
def test_client(self): # noqa
if self._test_client:
return self._test_client
elif self._test_manager:
return self._test_manager.test_client
from sanic_testing.testing import SanicTestClient # type: ignore
self._test_client = SanicTestClient(self)
return self._test_client
@property
def asgi_client(self): # noqa
"""
A testing client that uses ASGI to reach into the application to
execute hanlers.
:return: testing client
:rtype: :class:`SanicASGITestClient`
"""
if self._asgi_client:
return self._asgi_client
elif self._test_manager:
return self._test_manager.asgi_client
from sanic_testing.testing import SanicASGITestClient # type: ignore
self._asgi_client = SanicASGITestClient(self)
return self._asgi_client
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Execution
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def run(
self,
host: Optional[str] = None,
port: Optional[int] = None,
*,
debug: bool = False,
auto_reload: Optional[bool] = None,
ssl: Union[dict, SSLContext, None] = None,
sock: Optional[socket] = None,
workers: int = 1,
protocol: Optional[Type[Protocol]] = None,
backlog: int = 100,
register_sys_signals: bool = True,
access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
unix: Optional[str] = None,
loop: None = None,
) -> None:
"""
Run the HTTP Server and listen until keyboard interrupt or term
signal. On termination, drain connections before closing.
:param host: Address to host on
:type host: str
:param port: Port to host on
:type port: int
:param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
:type debug: bool
:param auto_reload: Reload app whenever its source code is changed.
Enabled by default in debug mode.
:type auto_relaod: bool
:param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
for SSL encryption of worker(s)
:type ssl: SSLContext or dict
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:type sock: socket
:param workers: Number of processes received before it is respected
:type workers: int
:param protocol: Subclass of asyncio Protocol class
:type protocol: type[Protocol]
:param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
will allow before refusing new connections
:type backlog: int
:param register_sys_signals: Register SIG* events
:type register_sys_signals: bool
:param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
:type access_log: bool
:param unix: Unix socket to listen on instead of TCP port
:type unix: str
:return: Nothing
"""
if loop is not None:
raise TypeError(
"loop is not a valid argument. To use an existing loop, "
"change to create_server().\nSee more: "
"https://sanic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sanic/deploying.html"
"#asynchronous-support"
)
if auto_reload or auto_reload is None and debug:
if os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true":
return reloader_helpers.watchdog(1.0)
if sock is None:
host, port = host or "127.0.0.1", port or 8000
if protocol is None:
protocol = (
WebSocketProtocol if self.websocket_enabled else HttpProtocol
)
# if access_log is passed explicitly change config.ACCESS_LOG
if access_log is not None:
self.config.ACCESS_LOG = access_log
server_settings = self._helper(
host=host,
port=port,
debug=debug,
ssl=ssl,
sock=sock,
unix=unix,
workers=workers,
protocol=protocol,
backlog=backlog,
register_sys_signals=register_sys_signals,
auto_reload=auto_reload,
)
try:
self.is_running = True
self.is_stopping = False
if workers > 1 and os.name != "posix":
logger.warn(
f"Multiprocessing is currently not supported on {os.name},"
" using workers=1 instead"
)
workers = 1
if workers == 1:
serve_single(server_settings)
else:
serve_multiple(server_settings, workers)
except BaseException:
error_logger.exception(
"Experienced exception while trying to serve"
)
raise
finally:
self.is_running = False
logger.info("Server Stopped")
def stop(self):
"""
This kills the Sanic
"""
if not self.is_stopping:
self.is_stopping = True
get_event_loop().stop()
async def create_server(
self,
host: Optional[str] = None,
port: Optional[int] = None,
*,
debug: bool = False,
ssl: Union[dict, SSLContext, None] = None,
sock: Optional[socket] = None,
protocol: Type[Protocol] = None,
backlog: int = 100,
access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
unix: Optional[str] = None,
return_asyncio_server: bool = False,
asyncio_server_kwargs: Dict[str, Any] = None,
) -> Optional[AsyncioServer]:
"""
Asynchronous version of :func:`run`.
This method will take care of the operations necessary to invoke
the *before_start* events via :func:`trigger_events` method invocation
before starting the *sanic* app in Async mode.
.. note::
This does not support multiprocessing and is not the preferred
way to run a :class:`Sanic` application.
:param host: Address to host on
:type host: str
:param port: Port to host on
:type port: int
:param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
:type debug: bool
:param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
for SSL encryption of worker(s)
:type ssl: SSLContext or dict
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:type sock: socket
:param protocol: Subclass of asyncio Protocol class
:type protocol: type[Protocol]
:param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
will allow before refusing new connections
:type backlog: int
:param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
:type access_log: bool
:param return_asyncio_server: flag that defines whether there's a need
to return asyncio.Server or
start it serving right away
:type return_asyncio_server: bool
:param asyncio_server_kwargs: key-value arguments for
asyncio/uvloop create_server method
:type asyncio_server_kwargs: dict
:return: AsyncioServer if return_asyncio_server is true, else Nothing
"""
if sock is None:
host, port = host or "127.0.0.1", port or 8000
if protocol is None:
protocol = (
WebSocketProtocol if self.websocket_enabled else HttpProtocol
)
# if access_log is passed explicitly change config.ACCESS_LOG
if access_log is not None:
self.config.ACCESS_LOG = access_log
server_settings = self._helper(
host=host,
port=port,
debug=debug,
ssl=ssl,
sock=sock,
unix=unix,
loop=get_event_loop(),
protocol=protocol,
backlog=backlog,
run_async=return_asyncio_server,
)
# Trigger before_start events
await self.trigger_events(
server_settings.get("before_start", []),
server_settings.get("loop"),
)
main_start = server_settings.pop("main_start", None)
main_stop = server_settings.pop("main_stop", None)
if main_start or main_stop:
logger.warning(
"Listener events for the main process are not available "
"with create_server()"
)
return await serve(
asyncio_server_kwargs=asyncio_server_kwargs, **server_settings
)
async def trigger_events(self, events, loop):
"""Trigger events (functions or async)
:param events: one or more sync or async functions to execute
:param loop: event loop
"""
for event in events:
result = event(loop)
if isawaitable(result):
await result
async def _run_request_middleware(self, request, request_name=None):
# The if improves speed. I don't know why
named_middleware = self.named_request_middleware.get(
request_name, deque()
)
applicable_middleware = self.request_middleware + named_middleware
# request.request_middleware_started is meant as a stop-gap solution
# until RFC 1630 is adopted
if applicable_middleware and not request.request_middleware_started:
request.request_middleware_started = True
for middleware in applicable_middleware:
response = middleware(request)
if isawaitable(response):
response = await response
if response:
return response
return None
async def _run_response_middleware(
self, request, response, request_name=None
):
named_middleware = self.named_response_middleware.get(
request_name, deque()
)
applicable_middleware = self.response_middleware + named_middleware
if applicable_middleware:
for middleware in applicable_middleware:
_response = middleware(request, response)
if isawaitable(_response):
_response = await _response
if _response:
response = _response
if isinstance(response, BaseHTTPResponse):
response = request.stream.respond(response)
break
return response
def _helper(
self,
host=None,
port=None,
debug=False,
ssl=None,
sock=None,
unix=None,
workers=1,
loop=None,
protocol=HttpProtocol,
backlog=100,
register_sys_signals=True,
run_async=False,
auto_reload=False,
):
"""Helper function used by `run` and `create_server`."""
try:
self.router.finalize()
except FinalizationError as e:
if not Sanic.test_mode:
raise e
if isinstance(ssl, dict):
# try common aliaseses
cert = ssl.get("cert") or ssl.get("certificate")
key = ssl.get("key") or ssl.get("keyfile")
if cert is None or key is None:
raise ValueError("SSLContext or certificate and key required.")
context = create_default_context(purpose=Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
context.load_cert_chain(cert, keyfile=key)
ssl = context
if self.config.PROXIES_COUNT and self.config.PROXIES_COUNT < 0:
raise ValueError(
"PROXIES_COUNT cannot be negative. "
"https://sanic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sanic/config.html"
"#proxy-configuration"
)
self.error_handler.debug = debug
self.debug = debug
server_settings = {
"protocol": protocol,
"host": host,
"port": port,
"sock": sock,
"unix": unix,
"ssl": ssl,
"app": self,
"signal": Signal(),
"loop": loop,
"register_sys_signals": register_sys_signals,
"backlog": backlog,
}
# Register start/stop events
for event_name, settings_name, reverse in (
("before_server_start", "before_start", False),
("after_server_start", "after_start", False),
("before_server_stop", "before_stop", True),
("after_server_stop", "after_stop", True),
("main_process_start", "main_start", False),
("main_process_stop", "main_stop", True),
):
listeners = self.listeners[event_name].copy()
if reverse:
listeners.reverse()
# Prepend sanic to the arguments when listeners are triggered
listeners = [partial(listener, self) for listener in listeners]
server_settings[settings_name] = listeners
if self.configure_logging and debug:
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
if (
self.config.LOGO
and os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true"
):
logger.debug(
self.config.LOGO
if isinstance(self.config.LOGO, str)
else BASE_LOGO
)
if run_async:
server_settings["run_async"] = True
# Serve
if host and port:
proto = "http"
if ssl is not None:
proto = "https"
if unix:
logger.info(f"Goin' Fast @ {unix} {proto}://...")
else:
logger.info(f"Goin' Fast @ {proto}://{host}:{port}")
return server_settings
def _build_endpoint_name(self, *parts):
parts = [self.name, *parts]
return ".".join(parts)
@classmethod
def _loop_add_task(cls, task, app, loop):
if callable(task):
try:
loop.create_task(task(app))
except TypeError:
loop.create_task(task())
else:
loop.create_task(task)
@classmethod
def _cancel_websocket_tasks(cls, app, loop):
for task in app.websocket_tasks:
task.cancel()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# ASGI
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
async def __call__(self, scope, receive, send):
"""
To be ASGI compliant, our instance must be a callable that accepts
three arguments: scope, receive, send. See the ASGI reference for more
details: https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest
"""
self.asgi = True
self._asgi_app = await ASGIApp.create(self, scope, receive, send)
asgi_app = self._asgi_app
await asgi_app()
_asgi_single_callable = True # We conform to ASGI 3.0 single-callable
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Configuration
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def update_config(self, config: Union[bytes, str, dict, Any]):
"""
Update app.config. Full implementation can be found in the user guide.
`See user guide
<https://sanicframework.org/guide/deployment/configuration.html#basics>`__
"""
self.config.update_config(config)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Class methods
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
@classmethod
def register_app(cls, app: "Sanic") -> None:
"""
Register a Sanic instance
"""
if not isinstance(app, cls):
raise SanicException("Registered app must be an instance of Sanic")
name = app.name
if name in cls._app_registry and not cls.test_mode:
raise SanicException(f'Sanic app name "{name}" already in use.')
cls._app_registry[name] = app
@classmethod
def get_app(cls, name: str, *, force_create: bool = False) -> "Sanic":
"""
Retrieve an instantiated Sanic instance
"""
try:
return cls._app_registry[name]
except KeyError:
if force_create:
return cls(name)
raise SanicException(f'Sanic app name "{name}" not found.')
class Sanic:
_app_registry: Dict[str, "Sanic"] = {}
test_mode = False
def __init__(
self,
name=None,
router=None,
error_handler=None,
load_env=True,
request_class=None,
strict_slashes=False,
log_config=None,
configure_logging=True,
register=None,
):
# Get name from previous stack frame
if name is None:
name = "Chatbot"
# logging
if configure_logging:
logging.config.dictConfig(log_config or LOGGING_CONFIG_DEFAULTS)
self.name = name
self.asgi = False
self.router = router or Router(self)
self.request_class = request_class
self.error_handler = error_handler or ErrorHandler()
self.config = Config(load_env=load_env)
self.request_middleware = deque()
self.response_middleware = deque()
self.blueprints = {}
self._blueprint_order = []
self.configure_logging = configure_logging
self.debug = None
self.sock = None
self.strict_slashes = strict_slashes
self.listeners = defaultdict(list)
self.is_stopping = False
self.is_running = False
self.is_request_stream = False
self.websocket_enabled = False
self.websocket_tasks = set()
self.named_request_middleware = {}
self.named_response_middleware = {}
# Register alternative method names
self.go_fast = self.run
if register is not None:
self.config.REGISTER = register
if self.config.REGISTER:
self.__class__.register_app(self)
@property
def loop(self):
"""Synonymous with asyncio.get_event_loop().
Only supported when using the `app.run` method.
"""
if not self.is_running and self.asgi is False:
raise SanicException(
"Loop can only be retrieved after the app has started "
"running. Not supported with `create_server` function")
return get_event_loop()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Registration
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def add_task(self, task):
"""Schedule a task to run later, after the loop has started.
Different from asyncio.ensure_future in that it does not
also return a future, and the actual ensure_future call
is delayed until before server start.
:param task: future, couroutine or awaitable
"""
try:
loop = self.loop # Will raise SanicError if loop is not started
self._loop_add_task(task, self, loop)
except SanicException:
self.listener("before_server_start")(partial(
self._loop_add_task, task))
# Decorator
def listener(self, event):
"""Create a listener from a decorated function.
:param event: event to listen to
"""
def decorator(listener):
self.listeners[event].append(listener)
return listener
return decorator
def register_listener(self, listener, event):
"""
Register the listener for a given event.
:param listener: callable i.e. setup_db(app, loop)
:param event: when to register listener i.e. 'before_server_start'
:return: listener
"""
return self.listener(event)(listener)
# Decorator
def route(
self,
uri,
methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
stream=False,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""Decorate a function to be registered as a route
:param uri: path of the URL
:param methods: list or tuple of methods allowed
:param host:
:param strict_slashes:
:param stream:
:param version:
:param name: user defined route name for url_for
:return: tuple of routes, decorated function
"""
# Fix case where the user did not prefix the URL with a /
# and will probably get confused as to why it's not working
if not uri.startswith("/"):
uri = "/" + uri
if stream:
self.is_request_stream = True
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
def response(handler):
if isinstance(handler, tuple):
# if a handler fn is already wrapped in a route, the handler
# variable will be a tuple of (existing routes, handler fn)
routes, handler = handler
else:
routes = []
args = list(signature(handler).parameters.keys())
if not args:
handler_name = handler.__name__
raise ValueError(f"Required parameter `request` missing "
f"in the {handler_name}() route?")
if stream:
handler.is_stream = stream
routes.extend(
self.router.add(
uri=uri,
methods=methods,
handler=handler,
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
version=version,
name=name,
))
return routes, handler
return response
# Shorthand method decorators
def get(self,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
version=None,
name=None):
"""
Add an API URL under the **GET** *HTTP* method
:param uri: URL to be tagged to **GET** method of *HTTP*
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param version: API Version
:param name: Unique name that can be used to identify the Route
:return: Object decorated with :func:`route` method
"""
return self.route(
uri,
methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
version=version,
name=name,
)
def post(
self,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
stream=False,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""
Add an API URL under the **POST** *HTTP* method
:param uri: URL to be tagged to **POST** method of *HTTP*
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param version: API Version
:param name: Unique name that can be used to identify the Route
:return: Object decorated with :func:`route` method
"""
return self.route(
uri,
methods=frozenset({"POST"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
stream=stream,
version=version,
name=name,
)
def put(
self,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
stream=False,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""
Add an API URL under the **PUT** *HTTP* method
:param uri: URL to be tagged to **PUT** method of *HTTP*
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param version: API Version
:param name: Unique name that can be used to identify the Route
:return: Object decorated with :func:`route` method
"""
return self.route(
uri,
methods=frozenset({"PUT"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
stream=stream,
version=version,
name=name,
)
def head(self,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
version=None,
name=None):
return self.route(
uri,
methods=frozenset({"HEAD"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
version=version,
name=name,
)
def options(self,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
version=None,
name=None):
"""
Add an API URL under the **OPTIONS** *HTTP* method
:param uri: URL to be tagged to **OPTIONS** method of *HTTP*
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param version: API Version
:param name: Unique name that can be used to identify the Route
:return: Object decorated with :func:`route` method
"""
return self.route(
uri,
methods=frozenset({"OPTIONS"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
version=version,
name=name,
)
def patch(
self,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
stream=False,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""
Add an API URL under the **PATCH** *HTTP* method
:param uri: URL to be tagged to **PATCH** method of *HTTP*
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param version: API Version
:param name: Unique name that can be used to identify the Route
:return: Object decorated with :func:`route` method
"""
return self.route(
uri,
methods=frozenset({"PATCH"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
stream=stream,
version=version,
name=name,
)
def delete(self,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
version=None,
name=None):
"""
Add an API URL under the **DELETE** *HTTP* method
:param uri: URL to be tagged to **DELETE** method of *HTTP*
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param version: API Version
:param name: Unique name that can be used to identify the Route
:return: Object decorated with :func:`route` method
"""
return self.route(
uri,
methods=frozenset({"DELETE"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
version=version,
name=name,
)
def add_route(
self,
handler,
uri,
methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
version=None,
name=None,
stream=False,
):
"""A helper method to register class instance or
functions as a handler to the application url
routes.
:param handler: function or class instance
:param uri: path of the URL
:param methods: list or tuple of methods allowed, these are overridden
if using a HTTPMethodView
:param host:
:param strict_slashes:
:param version:
:param name: user defined route name for url_for
:param stream: boolean specifying if the handler is a stream handler
:return: function or class instance
"""
# Handle HTTPMethodView differently
if hasattr(handler, "view_class"):
methods = set()
for method in HTTP_METHODS:
_handler = getattr(handler.view_class, method.lower(), None)
if _handler:
methods.add(method)
if hasattr(_handler, "is_stream"):
stream = True
# handle composition view differently
if isinstance(handler, CompositionView):
methods = handler.handlers.keys()
for _handler in handler.handlers.values():
if hasattr(_handler, "is_stream"):
stream = True
break
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
self.route(
uri=uri,
methods=methods,
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
stream=stream,
version=version,
name=name,
)(handler)
return handler
# Decorator
def websocket(
self,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
subprotocols=None,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""
Decorate a function to be registered as a websocket route
:param uri: path of the URL
:param host: Host IP or FQDN details
:param strict_slashes: If the API endpoint needs to terminate
with a "/" or not
:param subprotocols: optional list of str with supported subprotocols
:param name: A unique name assigned to the URL so that it can
be used with :func:`url_for`
:return: tuple of routes, decorated function
"""
self.enable_websocket()
# Fix case where the user did not prefix the URL with a /
# and will probably get confused as to why it's not working
if not uri.startswith("/"):
uri = "/" + uri
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
def response(handler):
if isinstance(handler, tuple):
# if a handler fn is already wrapped in a route, the handler
# variable will be a tuple of (existing routes, handler fn)
routes, handler = handler
else:
routes = []
websocket_handler = partial(self._websocket_handler,
handler,
subprotocols=subprotocols)
websocket_handler.__name__ = ("websocket_handler_" +
handler.__name__)
routes.extend(
self.router.add(
uri=uri,
handler=websocket_handler,
methods=frozenset({"GET"}),
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
version=version,
name=name,
))
return routes, handler
return response
def add_websocket_route(
self,
handler,
uri,
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
subprotocols=None,
version=None,
name=None,
):
"""
A helper method to register a function as a websocket route.
:param handler: a callable function or instance of a class
that can handle the websocket request
:param host: Host IP or FQDN details
:param uri: URL path that will be mapped to the websocket
handler
handler
:param strict_slashes: If the API endpoint needs to terminate
with a "/" or not
:param subprotocols: Subprotocols to be used with websocket
handshake
:param name: A unique name assigned to the URL so that it can
be used with :func:`url_for`
:return: Objected decorated by :func:`websocket`
"""
if strict_slashes is None:
strict_slashes = self.strict_slashes
return self.websocket(
uri,
host=host,
strict_slashes=strict_slashes,
subprotocols=subprotocols,
version=version,
name=name,
)(handler)
def enable_websocket(self, enable=True):
"""Enable or disable the support for websocket.
Websocket is enabled automatically if websocket routes are
added to the application.
"""
if not self.websocket_enabled:
# if the server is stopped, we want to cancel any ongoing
# websocket tasks, to allow the server to exit promptly
self.listener("before_server_stop")(self._cancel_websocket_tasks)
self.websocket_enabled = enable
# Decorator
def exception(self, *exceptions):
"""Decorate a function to be registered as a handler for exceptions
:param exceptions: exceptions
:return: decorated function
"""
def response(handler):
for exception in exceptions:
if isinstance(exception, (tuple, list)):
for e in exception:
self.error_handler.add(e, handler)
else:
self.error_handler.add(exception, handler)
return handler
return response
def register_middleware(self, middleware, attach_to="request"):
"""
Register an application level middleware that will be attached
to all the API URLs registered under this application.
This method is internally invoked by the :func:`middleware`
decorator provided at the app level.
:param middleware: Callback method to be attached to the
middleware
:param attach_to: The state at which the middleware needs to be
invoked in the lifecycle of an *HTTP Request*.
**request** - Invoke before the request is processed
**response** - Invoke before the response is returned back
:return: decorated method
"""
if attach_to == "request":
if middleware not in self.request_middleware:
self.request_middleware.append(middleware)
if attach_to == "response":
if middleware not in self.response_middleware:
self.response_middleware.appendleft(middleware)
return middleware
def register_named_middleware(self,
middleware,
route_names,
attach_to="request"):
if attach_to == "request":
for _rn in route_names:
if _rn not in self.named_request_middleware:
self.named_request_middleware[_rn] = deque()
if middleware not in self.named_request_middleware[_rn]:
self.named_request_middleware[_rn].append(middleware)
if attach_to == "response":
for _rn in route_names:
if _rn not in self.named_response_middleware:
self.named_response_middleware[_rn] = deque()
if middleware not in self.named_response_middleware[_rn]:
self.named_response_middleware[_rn].appendleft(middleware)
# Decorator
def middleware(self, middleware_or_request):
"""
Decorate and register middleware to be called before a request.
Can either be called as *@app.middleware* or
*@app.middleware('request')*
:param: middleware_or_request: Optional parameter to use for
identifying which type of middleware is being registered.
"""
# Detect which way this was called, @middleware or @middleware('AT')
if callable(middleware_or_request):
return self.register_middleware(middleware_or_request)
else:
return partial(self.register_middleware,
attach_to=middleware_or_request)
# Static Files
def static(
self,
uri,
file_or_directory,
pattern=r"/?.+",
use_modified_since=True,
use_content_range=False,
stream_large_files=False,
name="static",
host=None,
strict_slashes=None,
content_type=None,
):
"""
Register a root to serve files from. The input can either be a
file or a directory. This method will enable an easy and simple way
to setup the :class:`Route` necessary to serve the static files.
:param uri: URL path to be used for serving static content
:param file_or_directory: Path for the Static file/directory with
static files
:param pattern: Regex Pattern identifying the valid static files
:param use_modified_since: If true, send file modified time, and return
not modified if the browser's matches the server's
:param use_content_range: If true, process header for range requests
and sends the file part that is requested
:param stream_large_files: If true, use the
:func:`StreamingHTTPResponse.file_stream` handler rather
than the :func:`HTTPResponse.file` handler to send the file.
If this is an integer, this represents the threshold size to
switch to :func:`StreamingHTTPResponse.file_stream`
:param name: user defined name used for url_for
:param host: Host IP or FQDN for the service to use
:param strict_slashes: Instruct :class:`Sanic` to check if the request
URLs need to terminate with a */*
:param content_type: user defined content type for header
:return: routes registered on the router
:rtype: List[sanic.router.Route]
"""
return static_register(
self,
uri,
file_or_directory,
pattern,
use_modified_since,
use_content_range,
stream_large_files,
name,
host,
strict_slashes,
content_type,
)
def blueprint(self, blueprint, **options):
"""Register a blueprint on the application.
:param blueprint: Blueprint object or (list, tuple) thereof
:param options: option dictionary with blueprint defaults
:return: Nothing
"""
if isinstance(blueprint, (list, tuple, BlueprintGroup)):
for item in blueprint:
self.blueprint(item, **options)
return
if blueprint.name in self.blueprints:
assert self.blueprints[blueprint.name] is blueprint, (
'A blueprint with the name "%s" is already registered. '
"Blueprint names must be unique." % (blueprint.name, ))
else:
self.blueprints[blueprint.name] = blueprint
self._blueprint_order.append(blueprint)
blueprint.register(self, options)
def url_for(self, view_name: str, **kwargs):
r"""Build a URL based on a view name and the values provided.
In order to build a URL, all request parameters must be supplied as
keyword arguments, and each parameter must pass the test for the
specified parameter type. If these conditions are not met, a
`URLBuildError` will be thrown.
Keyword arguments that are not request parameters will be included in
the output URL's query string.
:param view_name: string referencing the view name
:param \**kwargs: keys and values that are used to build request
parameters and query string arguments.
:return: the built URL
Raises:
URLBuildError
"""
# find the route by the supplied view name
kw: Dict[str, str] = {}
# special static files url_for
if view_name == "static":
kw.update(name=kwargs.pop("name", "static"))
elif view_name.endswith(".static"): # blueprint.static
kwargs.pop("name", None)
kw.update(name=view_name)
uri, route = self.router.find_route_by_view_name(view_name, **kw)
if not (uri and route):
raise URLBuildError(
f"Endpoint with name `{view_name}` was not found")
# If the route has host defined, split that off
# TODO: Retain netloc and path separately in Route objects
host = uri.find("/")
if host > 0:
host, uri = uri[:host], uri[host:]
else:
host = None
if view_name == "static" or view_name.endswith(".static"):
filename = kwargs.pop("filename", None)
# it's static folder
if "<file_uri:" in uri:
folder_ = uri.split("<file_uri:", 1)[0]
if folder_.endswith("/"):
folder_ = folder_[:-1]
if filename.startswith("/"):
filename = filename[1:]
uri = f"{folder_}/{filename}"
if uri != "/" and uri.endswith("/"):
uri = uri[:-1]
out = uri
# find all the parameters we will need to build in the URL
matched_params = re.findall(self.router.parameter_pattern, uri)
# _method is only a placeholder now, don't know how to support it
kwargs.pop("_method", None)
anchor = kwargs.pop("_anchor", "")
# _external need SERVER_NAME in config or pass _server arg
external = kwargs.pop("_external", False)
scheme = kwargs.pop("_scheme", "")
if scheme and not external:
raise ValueError("When specifying _scheme, _external must be True")
netloc = kwargs.pop("_server", None)
if netloc is None and external:
netloc = host or self.config.get("SERVER_NAME", "")
if external:
if not scheme:
if ":" in netloc[:8]:
scheme = netloc[:8].split(":", 1)[0]
else:
scheme = "http"
if "://" in netloc[:8]:
netloc = netloc.split("://", 1)[-1]
for match in matched_params:
name, _type, pattern = self.router.parse_parameter_string(match)
# we only want to match against each individual parameter
specific_pattern = f"^{pattern}$"
supplied_param = None
if name in kwargs:
supplied_param = kwargs.get(name)
del kwargs[name]
else:
raise URLBuildError(
f"Required parameter `{name}` was not passed to url_for")
supplied_param = str(supplied_param)
# determine if the parameter supplied by the caller passes the test
# in the URL
passes_pattern = re.match(specific_pattern, supplied_param)
if not passes_pattern:
if _type != str:
type_name = _type.__name__
msg = (f'Value "{supplied_param}" '
f"for parameter `{name}` does not "
f"match pattern for type `{type_name}`: {pattern}")
else:
msg = (f'Value "{supplied_param}" for parameter `{name}` '
f"does not satisfy pattern {pattern}")
raise URLBuildError(msg)
# replace the parameter in the URL with the supplied value
replacement_regex = f"(<{name}.*?>)"
out = re.sub(replacement_regex, supplied_param, out)
# parse the remainder of the keyword arguments into a querystring
query_string = urlencode(kwargs, doseq=True) if kwargs else ""
# scheme://netloc/path;parameters?query#fragment
out = urlunparse((scheme, netloc, out, "", query_string, anchor))
return out
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Request Handling
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def converted_response_type(self, response):
"""
No implementation provided.
"""
pass
async def handle_request(self, request, write_callback, stream_callback):
"""Take a request from the HTTP Server and return a response object
to be sent back The HTTP Server only expects a response object, so
exception handling must be done here
:param request: HTTP Request object
:param write_callback: Synchronous response function to be
called with the response as the only argument
:param stream_callback: Coroutine that handles streaming a
StreamingHTTPResponse if produced by the handler.
:return: Nothing
"""
# Define `response` var here to remove warnings about
# allocation before assignment below.
response = None
cancelled = False
name = None
try:
# Fetch handler from router
handler, args, kwargs, uri, name, endpoint = self.router.get(
request)
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Request Middleware
# -------------------------------------------- #
response = await self._run_request_middleware(request,
request_name=name)
# No middleware results
if not response:
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Execute Handler
# -------------------------------------------- #
request.uri_template = uri
if handler is None:
raise ServerError(
("'None' was returned while requesting a "
"handler from the router"))
request.endpoint = endpoint
# Run response handler
response = handler(request, *args, **kwargs)
if isawaitable(response):
response = await response
except CancelledError:
# If response handler times out, the server handles the error
# and cancels the handle_request job.
# In this case, the transport is already closed and we cannot
# issue a response.
response = None
cancelled = True
except Exception as e:
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Response Generation Failed
# -------------------------------------------- #
try:
response = self.error_handler.response(request, e)
if isawaitable(response):
response = await response
except Exception as e:
if isinstance(e, SanicException):
response = self.error_handler.default(request=request,
exception=e)
elif self.debug:
response = HTTPResponse(
f"Error while "
f"handling error: {e}\nStack: {format_exc()}",
status=500,
)
else:
response = HTTPResponse(
"An error occurred while handling an error",
status=500)
finally:
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Response Middleware
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Don't run response middleware if response is None
if response is not None:
try:
response = await self._run_response_middleware(
request, response, request_name=name)
except CancelledError:
# Response middleware can timeout too, as above.
response = None
cancelled = True
except BaseException:
error_logger.exception(
"Exception occurred in one of response "
"middleware handlers")
if cancelled:
raise CancelledError()
# pass the response to the correct callback
if write_callback is None or isinstance(response,
StreamingHTTPResponse):
if stream_callback:
await stream_callback(response)
else:
# Should only end here IF it is an ASGI websocket.
# TODO:
# - Add exception handling
pass
else:
write_callback(response)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Testing
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
@property
def test_client(self):
return SanicTestClient(self)
@property
def asgi_client(self):
return SanicASGITestClient(self)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Execution
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def run(
self,
host: Optional[str] = None,
port: Optional[int] = None,
*,
debug: bool = False,
auto_reload: Optional[bool] = None,
ssl: Union[dict, SSLContext, None] = None,
sock: Optional[socket] = None,
workers: int = 1,
protocol: Optional[Type[Protocol]] = None,
backlog: int = 100,
register_sys_signals: bool = True,
access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
unix: Optional[str] = None,
loop: None = None,
) -> None:
"""Run the HTTP Server and listen until keyboard interrupt or term
signal. On termination, drain connections before closing.
:param host: Address to host on
:type host: str
:param port: Port to host on
:type port: int
:param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
:type debug: bool
:param auto_reload: Reload app whenever its source code is changed.
Enabled by default in debug mode.
:type auto_relaod: bool
:param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
for SSL encryption of worker(s)
:type ssl: SSLContext or dict
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:type sock: socket
:param workers: Number of processes received before it is respected
:type workers: int
:param protocol: Subclass of asyncio Protocol class
:type protocol: type[Protocol]
:param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
will allow before refusing new connections
:type backlog: int
:param register_sys_signals: Register SIG* events
:type register_sys_signals: bool
:param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
:type access_log: bool
:param unix: Unix socket to listen on instead of TCP port
:type unix: str
:return: Nothing
"""
if loop is not None:
raise TypeError(
"loop is not a valid argument. To use an existing loop, "
"change to create_server().\nSee more: "
"https://sanic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sanic/deploying.html"
"#asynchronous-support")
if auto_reload or auto_reload is None and debug:
if os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true":
return reloader_helpers.watchdog(1.0)
if sock is None:
host, port = host or "127.0.0.1", port or 8000
if protocol is None:
protocol = (WebSocketProtocol
if self.websocket_enabled else HttpProtocol)
# if access_log is passed explicitly change config.ACCESS_LOG
if access_log is not None:
self.config.ACCESS_LOG = access_log
server_settings = self._helper(
host=host,
port=port,
debug=debug,
ssl=ssl,
sock=sock,
unix=unix,
workers=workers,
protocol=protocol,
backlog=backlog,
register_sys_signals=register_sys_signals,
auto_reload=auto_reload,
)
try:
self.is_running = True
self.is_stopping = False
if workers > 1 and os.name != "posix":
logger.warn(
f"Multiprocessing is currently not supported on {os.name},"
" using workers=1 instead")
workers = 1
if workers == 1:
serve(**server_settings)
else:
serve_multiple(server_settings, workers)
except BaseException:
error_logger.exception(
"Experienced exception while trying to serve")
raise
finally:
self.is_running = False
logger.info("Server Stopped")
def stop(self):
"""This kills the Sanic"""
if not self.is_stopping:
self.is_stopping = True
get_event_loop().stop()
async def create_server(
self,
host: Optional[str] = None,
port: Optional[int] = None,
*,
debug: bool = False,
ssl: Union[dict, SSLContext, None] = None,
sock: Optional[socket] = None,
protocol: Type[Protocol] = None,
backlog: int = 100,
access_log: Optional[bool] = None,
unix: Optional[str] = None,
return_asyncio_server=False,
asyncio_server_kwargs=None,
) -> Optional[AsyncioServer]:
"""
Asynchronous version of :func:`run`.
This method will take care of the operations necessary to invoke
the *before_start* events via :func:`trigger_events` method invocation
before starting the *sanic* app in Async mode.
.. note::
This does not support multiprocessing and is not the preferred
way to run a :class:`Sanic` application.
:param host: Address to host on
:type host: str
:param port: Port to host on
:type port: int
:param debug: Enables debug output (slows server)
:type debug: bool
:param ssl: SSLContext, or location of certificate and key
for SSL encryption of worker(s)
:type ssl: SSLContext or dict
:param sock: Socket for the server to accept connections from
:type sock: socket
:param protocol: Subclass of asyncio Protocol class
:type protocol: type[Protocol]
:param backlog: a number of unaccepted connections that the system
will allow before refusing new connections
:type backlog: int
:param access_log: Enables writing access logs (slows server)
:type access_log: bool
:param return_asyncio_server: flag that defines whether there's a need
to return asyncio.Server or
start it serving right away
:type return_asyncio_server: bool
:param asyncio_server_kwargs: key-value arguments for
asyncio/uvloop create_server method
:type asyncio_server_kwargs: dict
:return: AsyncioServer if return_asyncio_server is true, else Nothing
"""
if sock is None:
host, port = host or "127.0.0.1", port or 8000
if protocol is None:
protocol = (WebSocketProtocol
if self.websocket_enabled else HttpProtocol)
# if access_log is passed explicitly change config.ACCESS_LOG
if access_log is not None:
self.config.ACCESS_LOG = access_log
server_settings = self._helper(
host=host,
port=port,
debug=debug,
ssl=ssl,
sock=sock,
unix=unix,
loop=get_event_loop(),
protocol=protocol,
backlog=backlog,
run_async=return_asyncio_server,
)
# Trigger before_start events
await self.trigger_events(
server_settings.get("before_start", []),
server_settings.get("loop"),
)
return await serve(asyncio_server_kwargs=asyncio_server_kwargs,
**server_settings)
async def trigger_events(self, events, loop):
"""Trigger events (functions or async)
:param events: one or more sync or async functions to execute
:param loop: event loop
"""
for event in events:
result = event(loop)
if isawaitable(result):
await result
async def _run_request_middleware(self, request, request_name=None):
# The if improves speed. I don't know why
named_middleware = self.named_request_middleware.get(
request_name, deque())
applicable_middleware = self.request_middleware + named_middleware
if applicable_middleware:
for middleware in applicable_middleware:
response = middleware(request)
if isawaitable(response):
response = await response
if response:
return response
return None
async def _run_response_middleware(self,
request,
response,
request_name=None):
named_middleware = self.named_response_middleware.get(
request_name, deque())
applicable_middleware = self.response_middleware + named_middleware
if applicable_middleware:
for middleware in applicable_middleware:
_response = middleware(request, response)
if isawaitable(_response):
_response = await _response
if _response:
response = _response
break
return response
def _helper(
self,
host=None,
port=None,
debug=False,
ssl=None,
sock=None,
unix=None,
workers=1,
loop=None,
protocol=HttpProtocol,
backlog=100,
register_sys_signals=True,
run_async=False,
auto_reload=False,
):
"""Helper function used by `run` and `create_server`."""
if isinstance(ssl, dict):
# try common aliaseses
cert = ssl.get("cert") or ssl.get("certificate")
key = ssl.get("key") or ssl.get("keyfile")
if cert is None or key is None:
raise ValueError("SSLContext or certificate and key required.")
context = create_default_context(purpose=Purpose.CLIENT_AUTH)
context.load_cert_chain(cert, keyfile=key)
ssl = context
if self.config.PROXIES_COUNT and self.config.PROXIES_COUNT < 0:
raise ValueError(
"PROXIES_COUNT cannot be negative. "
"https://sanic.readthedocs.io/en/latest/sanic/config.html"
"#proxy-configuration")
self.error_handler.debug = debug
self.debug = debug
server_settings = {
"protocol": protocol,
"host": host,
"port": port,
"sock": sock,
"unix": unix,
"ssl": ssl,
"app": self,
"signal": Signal(),
"loop": loop,
"register_sys_signals": register_sys_signals,
"backlog": backlog,
}
# -------------------------------------------- #
# Register start/stop events
# -------------------------------------------- #
for event_name, settings_name, reverse in (
("before_server_start", "before_start", False),
("after_server_start", "after_start", False),
("before_server_stop", "before_stop", True),
("after_server_stop", "after_stop", True),
):
listeners = self.listeners[event_name].copy()
if reverse:
listeners.reverse()
# Prepend sanic to the arguments when listeners are triggered
listeners = [partial(listener, self) for listener in listeners]
server_settings[settings_name] = listeners
if self.configure_logging and debug:
logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
if (self.config.LOGO
and os.environ.get("SANIC_SERVER_RUNNING") != "true"):
logger.debug(self.config.LOGO if isinstance(self.config.LOGO, str
) else BASE_LOGO)
if run_async:
server_settings["run_async"] = True
# Serve
if host and port:
proto = "http"
if ssl is not None:
proto = "https"
if unix:
logger.info(f"Goin' Fast @ {unix} {proto}://...")
else:
logger.info(f"Goin' Fast @ {proto}://{host}:{port}")
return server_settings
def _build_endpoint_name(self, *parts):
parts = [self.name, *parts]
return ".".join(parts)
@classmethod
def _loop_add_task(cls, task, app, loop):
if callable(task):
try:
loop.create_task(task(app))
except TypeError:
loop.create_task(task())
else:
loop.create_task(task)
@classmethod
def _cancel_websocket_tasks(cls, app, loop):
for task in app.websocket_tasks:
task.cancel()
async def _websocket_handler(self,
handler,
request,
*args,
subprotocols=None,
**kwargs):
request.app = self
if not getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", False):
request.endpoint = handler.__name__
else:
request.endpoint = (getattr(handler, "__blueprintname__", "") +
handler.__name__)
pass
if self.asgi:
ws = request.transport.get_websocket_connection()
else:
protocol = request.transport.get_protocol()
protocol.app = self
ws = await protocol.websocket_handshake(request, subprotocols)
# schedule the application handler
# its future is kept in self.websocket_tasks in case it
# needs to be cancelled due to the server being stopped
fut = ensure_future(handler(request, ws, *args, **kwargs))
self.websocket_tasks.add(fut)
try:
await fut
except (CancelledError, ConnectionClosed):
pass
finally:
self.websocket_tasks.remove(fut)
await ws.close()
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# ASGI
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
async def __call__(self, scope, receive, send):
"""To be ASGI compliant, our instance must be a callable that accepts
three arguments: scope, receive, send. See the ASGI reference for more
details: https://asgi.readthedocs.io/en/latest/"""
self.asgi = True
asgi_app = await ASGIApp.create(self, scope, receive, send)
await asgi_app()
_asgi_single_callable = True # We conform to ASGI 3.0 single-callable
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Configuration
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
def update_config(self, config: Union[bytes, str, dict, Any]):
"""Update app.config.
Please refer to config.py::Config.update_config for documentation."""
self.config.update_config(config)
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Class methods
# -------------------------------------------------------------------- #
@classmethod
def register_app(cls, app: "Sanic") -> None:
"""Register a Sanic instance"""
if not isinstance(app, cls):
raise SanicException("Registered app must be an instance of Sanic")
name = app.name
if name in cls._app_registry and not cls.test_mode:
raise SanicException(f'Sanic app name "{name}" already in use.')
cls._app_registry[name] = app
@classmethod
def get_app(cls, name: str, *, force_create: bool = False) -> "Sanic":
"""Retrieve an instantiated Sanic instance"""
try:
return cls._app_registry[name]
except KeyError:
if force_create:
return cls(name)
raise SanicException(f'Sanic app name "{name}" not found.')
import os
from databases import Database
from sanic.config import Config
db_url = os.environ.get('SANIC_DB_URL')
settings = Config()
settings.update_config(dict(DEBUG=False, DB_URL=db_url))
