def fit(self, X, Y):
"""
Train a linear classifier using the perceptron learning algorithm.
Note that this will only work if X is a sparse matrix, such as the
output of a scikit-learn vectorizer.
"""
self.find_classes(Y)
# First determine which output class will be associated with positive
# and negative scores, respectively.
Ye = self.encode_outputs(Y)
# Initialize the weight vector to all zeros.
self.w = np.zeros(X.shape[1])
X = X.toarray()
# Iteration through sparse matrices can be a bit slow, so we first
# prepare this list to speed up iteration.
XY = list(zip(X, Ye))
lam = 1 / len(Y)
for i in range(1, self.n_iter):
x, y = random.choice(XY)
n = 1 / (lam * i)
score = blas.ddot(x, self.w)
self.w = (1 - n * lam) * self.w
if score * y < 1:
a = n * y
blas.daxpy(x, self.w, a=a)
def _solve(self, b, tol):
import numpy as np
from scipy.linalg.blas import dasum, daxpy, ddot
A = self._A
M = self._M
tol *= dasum(b)
# Initialize.
x = np.zeros(b.shape)
r = b.copy()
z = M(r)
rz = ddot(r, z)
p = z.copy()
# Iterate.
while True:
Ap = A(p)
alpha = rz / ddot(p, Ap)
x = daxpy(p, x, a=alpha)
r = daxpy(Ap, r, a=-alpha)
if dasum(r) < tol:
return x
z = M(r)
beta = ddot(r, z)
beta, rz = beta / rz, beta
p = daxpy(p, z, a=beta)
def _update_A_b_blas(A, b, row, pivot):
"""Subtract a multiple of the row A[row, :] from all other rows.
Implemented with BLAS routines wrapped by scipy.
"""
x = np.copy(A[:, pivot])
x[row] = 0.0 # mask this row
blas.daxpy(x=x, y=b, a=-b[row]) # y += a * x
# A += alpha * x * A[row, :]; do it in transpose since A is in C-order.
blas.dger(alpha=-1.0, x=A[row, :], y=x, a=A.T, overwrite_a=1)
def merge(self, other):
assert other.k == self.k
self.ata = \
daxpy(other.ata, self.ata, n=self.ata.shape[0], a=1.0, incx=1, incy=1)
self.atb =\
daxpy(other.atb, self.atb, n=self.atb.shape[0], a=1.0, incx=1, incy=1)
return self
def P(x):
x -= asarray(x * X * X.T)[0, :]
if not normalized:
x -= x.sum() / n
else:
x = daxpy(e, x, a=-ddot(x, e))
return x
def P(x):
x -= asarray(x * X * X.T)[0, :]
if not normalized:
x -= x.sum() / n
else:
x = daxpy(e, x, a=-ddot(x, e))
return x
def add(self, a, b, c=1.0):
assert c > 0
assert a.shape[0] == self.k
self.copy(a)
# print "before dspr----------\nata {}".format(self.ata)
# print "da-------da {}".format(self.da)
# use ata as return?
self.ata = dspr(n=self.k,
alpha=c,
x=self.da,
incx=1,
ap=self.ata,
lower=1)
# print "after dspr ==========\nata {}".format(self.ata)
if b != 0:
# print "before daxpy ---------\natb {}".format(self.atb)
self.atb = daxpy(x=self.da,
y=self.atb,
n=self.k,
a=b,
incx=1,
incy=1)
# print "after daxpy ==========\n atb {}".format(self.atb)
return self
def _solve(self, b, tol):
A = self._A
M = self._M
tol *= dasum(b)
# Initialize.
x = zeros(b.shape)
r = b.copy()
z = M(r)
rz = ddot(r, z)
p = z.copy()
# Iterate.
while True:
Ap = A(p)
alpha = rz / ddot(p, Ap)
x = daxpy(p, x, a=alpha)
r = daxpy(Ap, r, a=-alpha)
if dasum(r) < tol:
return x
z = M(r)
beta = ddot(r, z)
beta, rz = beta / rz, beta
p = daxpy(p, z, a=beta)
def _solve(self, b, tol):
A = self._A
M = self._M
tol *= dasum(b)
# Initialize.
x = zeros(b.shape)
r = b.copy()
z = M(r)
rz = ddot(r, z)
p = z.copy()
# Iterate.
while True:
Ap = A(p)
alpha = rz / ddot(p, Ap)
x = daxpy(p, x, a=alpha)
r = daxpy(Ap, r, a=-alpha)
if dasum(r) < tol:
return x
z = M(r)
beta = ddot(r, z)
beta, rz = beta / rz, beta
p = daxpy(p, z, a=beta)
def rand_fourier_series_1d(x, kmax, density=1, rand=None):
"""
Parameters
----------
x : array-like
Arry of positions (arbitrary dimension)
kmax : int
Maximum wavenumber (integer form)
density : float (default: 1)
Fraction of modes up to cutoff to populate
rand : np.random.RandomState or None (default: None)
Random state, needed for determinism
Returns
-------
f : array-like
Values of the random function F(x)
"""
if rand is None:
rand = np.random.RandomState()
flags = rand.rand(kmax + 1)
n = 0
f = np.zeros_like(x)
kx = np.zeros_like(x)
g = np.zeros_like(x)
for k, flag in enumerate(flags):
if flag < density:
a, b = rand.randn(2)
np.multiply((2 * np.pi * k), x, out=kx)
np.cos(kx, out=g)
daxpy(g, f, a=a)
np.sin(kx, out=g)
daxpy(g, f, a=b)
n += 1
f /= n**0.5
return f
def run_daxpy(N, l):
x = randn(N).astype('float64')
y = randn(N).astype('float64')
start = time.time()
for i in range(0, l):
y = daxpy(x, y, a=2.0)
end = time.time()
timediff = (end - start)
mflops = (2 * N) * l / timediff
mflops *= 1e-6
size = "%d" % (N)
print("%14s :\t%20f MFlops\t%20f sec" % (size, mflops, timediff))
def run_daxpy(N, l):
x = randn(N).astype("float64")
y = randn(N).astype("float64")
start = time.time()
for i in range(0, l):
y = daxpy(x, y, a=2.0)
end = time.time()
timediff = end - start
mflops = (2 * N) * l / timediff
mflops *= 1e-6
size = "%d" % (N)
print("%14s :\t%20f MFlops\t%20f sec" % (size, mflops, timediff))
-sequence_len:])
predicted_freq_slices = np.append(predicted_freq_slices,
pred_next_slice,
axis=0)
# Convert back to (real,imag) complex representation in freq domain
predicted_freq_slices_unflattened = \
np.reshape(predicted_freq_slices, (-1, freq_dim//2, 2)).view('complex64').reshape(-1, freq_dim//2).astype('complex128')
# Apply inverse FFT to get back time-domain windows
pred_time_slices = np.fft.irfft(predicted_freq_slices_unflattened)
# Reassemble full time domain signal by adding overlapping windows
reassembled = np.zeros(window_size + (len(pred_time_slices) - 1) * slide)
for i in range(0, len(pred_time_slices)):
daxpy(pred_time_slices[i], reassembled, offy=slide * i)
# Plot some of the first generated time-domain data as a check
plot_sample_base = sequence_len * slide
plt.plot(reassembled[plot_sample_base:plot_sample_base + window_size])
plt.show()
# Scale time-domain data to have max at 32767, for 16-bit wav output
reassembled_scale = np.max(np.abs(reassembled))
reassembled = reassembled * (32767 / reassembled_scale)
print("Spectrum of output audio")
specgram = plt.specgram(reassembled, NFFT=window_size, Fs=slide)
plt.show()
# Overwrite output to out.wav
def merge(self, ne):
self.ata = blas.daxpy(self.ata, ne.ata)
self.atb = blas.daxpy(self.atb, ne.atb)
def add(self, a, b, c=1.0):
self.dspr(self.upper, self.k, 1.0, a, 1, self.ata)
if b != 0:
self.atb = blas.daxpy(a, self.atb, a=c * b)
print ("numpy no memopt", t3-t2)
t2 = time.time()
for i in range(N):
out_scipy = saxpy(a,b,a=A)
t3 = time.time()
print ("scipy saxpy", t3-t2)
af = numpy.asfortranarray(a)
bf = numpy.asfortranarray(b)
print ("af.shape", af.shape, "a.shape", a.shape, "af.dtype", af.dtype)
t2 = time.time()
for i in range(N):
out_scipy_f = daxpy(af,bf,a=A)
t3 = time.time()
print ("scipy saxpy fortran", t3-t2)
out_nfrom = n_axpby(a,b,A,B)
t2 = time.time()
for i in range(1):
out_nfrom = n_axpby(a,b,A,B)
t3 = time.time()
print ("numpy frompyfunc", t3-t2)
from itertools import chain
out_map = numpy.fromiter(chain.from_iterable(map(lambda y: A * y[0] + B * y[1], zip(a,b))), dtype=a.dtype).reshape(a.shape)
t2 = time.time()
for j in range(i, self.rank):
self.ata[i][j] = triAtA[pos]
self.ata[j][i] = triAtA[pos]
if i == j:
self.ata[i][j] += regParam
pos += 1
def solve(self, ne, regParam):
self.constructSymmeticAtA(ne.ata, regParam)
x = nnls(self.ata, ne.atb)
ne.reset()
return list(x[0])
if __name__ == "__main__":
A = [[1, 3], [3, 9]]
b = [1, 3]
print nnls(A, b)
print blas.daxpy([1, 3], [1, 1], a=0.5)
solver = NNLS(3)
solver.constructSymmeticAtA([1, 4, 5, 2, 6, 3], 0.5)
print solver.ata
encoder = localIndexEncoder(5)
for i in range(5):
for j in range(5):
encoded = encoder.encode(i, j)
print encoded, (i, j) == (encoder.getblockId(encoded),
encoder.getlocalIdx(encoded))
from scipy.linalg.blas import (dasum, daxpy, ddot)
n=3000
x=np.array([float(i+1) for i in range(n)])
y=np.zeros(n)
for i in range(n):
y[i]=float(i*i)
alpha=0.8
z=y.copy()
t=timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(10000) :
for j in range(len(y)):
y[j]+=alpha*x[j]
print "Time for native python vector combination:", timeit.default_timer()-t
y[:]=z[:]
t=timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(10000) :
y[:]+= alpha*x[:]
print "Time for numpy vector combination: ", timeit.default_timer()-t
y[:]=z[:]
t=timeit.default_timer()
for i in range(10000) :
y = daxpy(x, y, a=alpha)
print "Time for BLAS vector combination: ", timeit.default_timer()-t