Exemplo n.º 1
0
    def Eval(self, wcp=None):
        """ Set a WC point and evaluate """
        if isinstance(WCPoint, dict):
            wcp = WCPoint(wcp)
        elif isinstance(wcp, str):
            values = wcp.replace(" ", "").split(',')
            wcp = WCPoint(values, names=self.GetWCnames())
        elif isinstance(wcp, list):
            wcp = WCPoint(wcp, names=self.GetWCnames())

        if wcp is None:
            if self._WCPoint is None:
                self._WCPoint = WCPoint(names=self._wcnames)
        else:
            self._WCPoint = wcp
        self.EvalInSelfPoint()
Exemplo n.º 2
0
 def EvalPointError(self, pt, val = 0.0):
   """ Evaluate the error fit at a particular WC phase space point """
   if not isinstance(pt, WCPoint):
     wc_name = pt
     pt = WCPoint()
     pt.SetStrength(wc_name, val)
   i = 0
   v,x1,x2,x3,x4,c = 0., 0., 0., 0., 0., 0.
   n1,n2,n3,n4 = '', '', '', ''
   err_pair,idx_pair = (0.,0.),(0.,0.)
   for i in range(self.ErrSize()):
     c = self.err_coeffs[i]
     err_pair = self.err_pairs[i]
     idx_pair = self.pairs[err_pair[0]]; n1 = self.names[idx_pair[0]]; n2 = self.names[idx_pair[1]]
     idx_pair = self.pairs[err_pair[1]]; n3 = self.names[idx_pair[0]]; n4 = self.names[idx_pair[1]]
     x1 = 1.0 if n1 == kSMstr else pt.GetStrength(n1)
     x2 = 1.0 if n2 == kSMstr else pt.GetStrength(n2)
     x3 = 1.0 if n3 == kSMstr else pt.GetStrength(n3)
     x4 = 1.0 if n4 == kSMstr else pt.GetStrength(n4)
     v += x1*x2*x3*x4*c;
   return sqrt(v);
Exemplo n.º 3
0
def test_wcfit():
    chk_str = ''

    unit_chk = True
    all_chks, units = [0] * 2
    tolerance = 1e-4

    # The structure constants
    s00 = 1.0
    s10 = 1.5
    s11 = 1.25

    pts = []
    vals = [-1.0, 1.25, 0.5, 2.5, 4]
    for x in vals:
        y = s00 * 1.0 + s10 * x + s11 * x * x
        pts.append(WCPoint(f'EFTrwgt0_ctG_{x}', y))

    chk_x = 1.5
    chk_y = s00 * 1.0 + s10 * chk_x + s11 * chk_x * chk_x
    chk_pt = WCPoint(f'EFTrwgt0_ctG_{chk_x}', 0.0)

    print('Running unit tests for WCFit class')
    all_chks = 0
    units = 0

    fit_base = WCFit(pts, 'base')
    unit_chk = (abs(fit_base.EvalPoint(chk_pt) - chk_y) < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 1 ---')
    print('chk_x    : ', chk_x)
    print('chk_y    : ', chk_y)
    print('EvalPoint: ', fit_base.EvalPoint(chk_pt))
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    fit_new = WCFit()
    fit_new.SetTag('new')
    fit_new.AddFit(fit_base)
    unit_chk = (abs(fit_base.EvalPoint(chk_pt) - chk_y) < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 2 ---')
    print('chk_x    : ', chk_x)
    print('chk_y    : ', chk_y)
    print('EvalPoint: ', fit_new.EvalPoint(chk_pt))
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    fit_new.AddFit(fit_base)  #CAREFUL b/c WCFit is mutable
    unit_chk = (abs(fit_new.EvalPoint(chk_pt) - 2 * chk_y) < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 3 ---')
    print('chk_x    : ', chk_x)
    print('chk_y    : ', 2 * chk_y)
    print('EvalPoint: ', fit_new.EvalPoint(chk_pt))
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    #fit_base = WCFit(pts,'base') #redefine b/c WCFit is mutable
    unit_chk = (abs(fit_base.EvalPoint(chk_pt) - chk_y) < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 4 ---')
    print('chk_x    : ', chk_x)
    print('chk_y    : ', chk_y)
    print('EvalPoint: ', fit_base.EvalPoint(chk_pt))
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    print(f'Passed Checks: {all_chks}/{units}')
    return (all_chks == units)
Exemplo n.º 4
0
def test_histeft():
    chk_str = ''
    unit_chk = True
    all_chks, units = [0] * 2
    result, expected, diff, tolerance = [0] * 4
    tolerance = 1e-4

    wc_names = ['sm', 'ctG', 'ctZ']

    # The structure constants
    s00 = 1.0
    s10 = 1.5
    s11 = 1.25
    sconst = [s00, s10, s11]

    # A dummy WC name to use
    wc_name = 'ctG'

    pts = []
    vals = [-1.0, 1.25, 0.5, 2.5, 4]
    for x in vals:
        y = s00 * 1.0 + s10 * x + s11 * x * x
        pts.append(WCPoint(f'EFTrwgt0_{wc_name}_{x}', y))

    fit_1 = WCFit(pts, 'f1')
    fit_2 = WCFit()
    fit_2.SetTag('f2')

    fit_2.AddFit(fit_1)
    fit_2.AddFit(fit_1)

    chk_x = 1.5
    chk_y = s00 * 1.0 + s10 * chk_x + s11 * chk_x * chk_x
    chk_vals = {wc_name: chk_x, 'ctZ': 0.0}
    chk_pt = WCPoint(f'EFTrwgt0_{wc_name}_{chk_x}', 0.0)

    print('Running unit tests for HistEFT class')
    all_chks = 0
    units = 0

    h_base = HistEFT("h_base", wc_names[1::], hist.Cat("sample", "sample"),
                     hist.Bin("n", "", 1, 0, 1))

    val = ak.Array([0.5])
    eftval = ak.Array([0.0002579])
    sconst = sconst + sconst
    h_base.fill(n=val,
                sample='test',
                weight=np.ones_like(val),
                eft_coeff=[ak.Array(sconst)])

    expected = 1.0
    result = list(h_base.values().values())[0][0]

    unit_chk = (abs(result - expected) < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 1 ---')
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('GetBinContent: ', result)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    ###########################

    h_base.set_wilson_coefficients(**chk_vals)

    expected = fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    result = list(h_base.values().values())[0][0]

    unit_chk = abs(result - expected) < tolerance
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 2 ---')
    print('chk_x        : ', chk_pt.GetStrength(wc_name))
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('GetBinContent: ', result)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    ###########################

    chk_x = 0.75
    chk_y = s00 * 1.0 + s10 * chk_x + s11 * chk_x * chk_x
    chk_vals = {wc_name: chk_x, 'ctZ': 0.0}
    chk_pt.SetStrength(wc_name, chk_x)
    h_base.set_wilson_coefficients(**chk_vals)

    expected = fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    result = list(h_base.values().values())[0][0]

    unit_chk = abs(result - expected) < tolerance
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 3 ---')
    print('chk_x        : ', chk_pt.GetStrength(wc_name))
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('GetBinContent: ', result)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    ###########################

    h_base.fill(n=val,
                sample='test',
                weight=np.ones_like(val),
                eft_coeff=[ak.Array(sconst) * 2])
    h_base.set_wilson_coefficients(**chk_vals)

    # First make sure the original WCFits weren't messed with
    expected = chk_y + 2 * chk_y
    result = fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt) + fit_2.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    diff = abs(expected - result)
    tolerance = 1e-10

    unit_chk = (diff < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 4 ---')
    print('chk_x        : ', chk_pt.GetStrength(wc_name))
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('fit_1 + fit_2: ', result)
    print('difference   : ', diff)
    print('tolerance    : ', tolerance)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    # Now check that the TH1EFT actually worked
    expected = fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt) + fit_2.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    result = list(h_base.values().values())[0][0]

    unit_chk = abs(result - expected) < tolerance
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 5 ---')
    print('chk_x        : ', chk_pt.GetStrength(wc_name))
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('GetBinContent: ', result)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    ###########################

    h_new = h_base.copy()

    chk_x = 0.975
    chk_y = s00 * 1.0 + s10 * chk_x + s11 * chk_x * chk_x
    chk_vals = {wc_name: chk_x, 'ctZ': 0.0}
    chk_pt.SetStrength(wc_name, chk_x)

    h_new.set_wilson_coefficients(**chk_vals)

    # First check that h_new has the right value
    expected = fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt) + fit_2.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    result = list(h_new.values().values())[0][0]

    unit_chk = abs(result - expected) < tolerance
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 6 ---')
    print('chk_x        : ', chk_pt.GetStrength(wc_name))
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('GetBinContent: ', result)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    chk_x = 0.75  # Needs to be w/e chk_x was before UNIT 6
    chk_y = s00 * 1.0 + s10 * chk_x + s11 * chk_x * chk_x
    chk_vals = {wc_name: chk_x, 'ctZ': 0.0}
    chk_pt.SetStrength(wc_name, chk_x)

    # Next check that the h_base was unaffected when we scaled h_new
    expected = fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt) + fit_2.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    result = list(h_base.values().values())[0][0]

    unit_chk = abs(result - expected) < tolerance
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 7 ---')
    print('chk_x        : ', chk_pt.GetStrength(wc_name))
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('GetBinContent: ', result)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    # Check HistEFT.add()
    expected = fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt) + fit_2.EvalPoint(
        chk_pt)  #fits for h_base
    expected += fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt) + fit_2.EvalPoint(
        chk_pt)  #fits for h_new
    h_base.add(h_new)
    h_base.set_wilson_coefficients(**chk_vals)  #evaluate h_base at chk_pt
    result = list(h_base.values().values())[0][0]

    unit_chk = abs(result - expected) < tolerance
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 8 ---')
    print('chk_x        : ', chk_pt.GetStrength(wc_name))
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('GetBinContent: ', result)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    # Check HistEFT.add() reweight
    chk_x = 0.75  # Needs to be w/e chk_x was before UNIT 6
    chk_y = s00 * 1.0 + s10 * chk_x + s11 * chk_x * chk_x
    chk_vals = {wc_name: chk_x, 'ctZ': 0.0}
    chk_pt.SetStrength(wc_name, chk_x)
    expected = fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt) + fit_2.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    expected += fit_1.EvalPoint(chk_pt) + fit_2.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    h_base.set_wilson_coefficients(**chk_vals)
    result = list(h_base.values().values())[0][0]

    unit_chk = abs(result - expected) < tolerance
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1

    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 9 ---')
    print('chk_x        : ', chk_pt.GetStrength(wc_name))
    print('expected     : ', expected)
    print('GetBinContent: ', result)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    ###########################

    print(f'Passed Checks: {all_chks}/{units}')
    return (all_chks == units)
Exemplo n.º 5
0
def test_stats():
    chk_str = ''
    unit_chk = True
    all_chks, units = [0] * 2
    result, expected, diff, tolerance = [0] * 4
    tolerance = 0.001

    # Basically the SM 'strength'
    x0 = 1.0

    # Dummy WC names to use (needs to match dimension of pt
    wc_names = ['sm', 'ctG', 'ctZ']

    # The structure constants, need to match dimension of pt
    svals = [
        1.15,  # (00)
        1.35,
        1.25,  # (10) (11)
        0.25,
        0.75,
        1.00,  # (20) (21) (22)
    ]
    # Make sure there are enough pts to fully determine the fit!
    pts = [
        [x0, -1.00, 0.00],
        [x0, -0.50, 0.25],
        [x0, 0.00, 0.35],
        [x0, 0.25, 0.05],
        [x0, 0.50, -0.05],
        [x0, 0.75, 0.25],
        [x0, 1.00, -0.35],
    ]

    wc_pts = []
    idx = 0
    for pt in pts:
        y = fval(pt, svals)
        s = f'EFTrwgt{idx}'
        for i in range(1, len(pt)):  # NOTE: pt better not be size 0!!
            wc_str = wc_names[i]
            s += f'_{wc_str}_{pt[i]}'
        #print(s,y)
        wc_pts.append(WCPoint(s, y))
        idx += 1

    fit_1 = WCFit(wc_pts, 'f1')
    fit_2 = WCFit()
    fit_2.SetTag('f2')

    nevents = 5000
    for i in range(nevents):
        fit_2.AddFit(fit_1)

    ###########################

    print('Running unit tests for stats unc.')
    all_chks = 0
    units = 0

    # Needs to be the same size as wc_names
    chk_x = [x0, 1.2, 0.4]
    chk_y = 0.0
    chk_e = 0.0
    for i in range(nevents):
        v = fval(chk_x, svals)
        chk_y += v
        chk_e += v * v
    chk_e = chk_e**.5

    chk_wcstr = 'EFTrwgt0'
    sidx = 0
    for i in range(len(wc_names)):
        if i:  # Need to skip first entry since that's the SM 'strength'
            chk_wcstr += f'_{wc_names[i]}_{chk_x[i]}'
        for j in range(i + 1):
            v = svals[sidx]
            #print(f'{i}{j}: {v}')
            sidx = sidx + 1
    print()
    chk_pt = WCPoint(chk_wcstr, 0.0)

    ###########################

    # Basic check for proper adding of quadratic structure constants
    # Note: We expect the diff to grow with increased number of events due to the numeric precison
    expected = chk_y
    result = fit_2.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    diff = abs(expected - result)
    tolerance = 1e-4

    unit_chk = (diff < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1
    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 1 ---')
    print('evts     : ', nevents)
    print('chk_wcstr: ', chk_wcstr)
    print('expected : ', expected)
    print('result   : ', result)
    print('diff     : ', diff)
    print('tolerance: ', tolerance)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    # Check the error calculation
    # Note: We expect the diff to grow with increased number of events due to the numeric precison
    expected = chk_e
    result = fit_2.EvalPointError(chk_pt)
    diff = abs(expected - result)
    tolerance = 1e-05 * (10 * nevents)**.5

    unit_chk = (diff < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1
    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 2 ---')
    print('evts     : ', nevents)
    print('chk_wcstr: ', chk_wcstr)
    print('expected : ', expected)
    print('result   : ', result)
    print('diff     : ', diff)
    print('tolerance: ', tolerance)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    # Now do the percent error
    # Note: The diff here also appears to grow apparently due to numeric precison, but much more slowly (it is still kind of concerning)
    expected = chk_e / chk_y
    result = fit_2.EvalPointError(chk_pt) / fit_2.EvalPoint(chk_pt)
    diff = abs(expected - result)
    tolerance = 1e-04

    unit_chk = (diff < tolerance)
    all_chks += unit_chk
    units += 1
    chk_str = 'Passed' if unit_chk else 'Failed'
    print('--- UNIT 3 ---')
    print('evts     : ', nevents)
    print('chk_wcstr: ', chk_wcstr)
    print('expected : ', expected)
    print('result   : ', result)
    print('diff     : ', diff)
    print('tolerance: ', tolerance)
    print('test: ', chk_str)
    print('--------------\n')

    ###########################

    print(f'Passed Checks: {all_chks}/{units}')
    return (all_chks == units)
Exemplo n.º 6
0
 def SetSMpoint(self):
     """ Set SM WC point and evaluate """
     wc = WCPoint(names=self._wcnames)
     wc.SetSMPoint()
     self.Eval(wc)
Exemplo n.º 7
0
class HistEFT(coffea.hist.Hist):
    def __init__(self, label, wcnames, *axes, **kwargs):
        """ Initialize """
        if isinstance(wcnames, str) and ',' in wcnames:
            wcnames = wcnames.replace(' ', '').split(',')
        n = len(wcnames) if isinstance(wcnames, list) else wcnames
        self._wcnames = wcnames
        self._nwc = n
        self._ncoeffs = int(1 + 2 * n + n * (n - 1) / 2)
        self.CreatePairs()
        self._WCPoint = None

        super().__init__(label, *axes, **kwargs)

        self.EFTcoeffs = {}
        self.EFTerrs = {}
        self.WCFit = {}

    def CreatePairs(self):
        """ Create pairs... same as for WCFit class """
        self.idpairs = []
        self.errpairs = []
        n = self._nwc
        for f in range(n + 1):
            for i in range(f + 1):
                self.idpairs.append((f, i))
                for j in range(len(self.idpairs) - 1):
                    self.errpairs.append([i, j])
        self.errpairs = np.array(self.errpairs)

    def GetErrCoeffs(self, coeffs):
        """ Get all the w*w coefficients """
        #return [coeffs[p[0]]*coeffs[p[1]] if (p[1] == p[0]) else 2*(coeffs[p[0]]*coeffs[p[1]]) for p in self.errpairs]
        return np.where(
            self.errpairs[:, 0] == self.errpairs[:, 1],
            coeffs[self.errpairs[:, 0]] * coeffs[self.errpairs[:, 1]],
            2 * coeffs[self.errpairs[:, 0]] * coeffs[self.errpairs[:, 1]])

    def copy(self, content=True):
        """ Copy """
        out = HistEFT(self._label,
                      self._wcnames,
                      *self._axes,
                      dtype=self._dtype)
        if self._sumw2 is not None: out._sumw2 = {}
        if content:
            out._sumw = copy.deepcopy(self._sumw)
            out._sumw2 = copy.deepcopy(self._sumw2)
        out.EFTcoeffs = copy.deepcopy(self.EFTcoeffs)
        out.EFTerrs = copy.deepcopy(self.EFTerrs)
        return out

    def identity(self):
        return self.copy(content=False)

    def clear(self):
        self._sumw = {}
        self._sumw2 = None
        self.EFTcoeffs = {}
        self.EFTerrs = {}
        self.WCFit = {}

    def GetNcoeffs(self):
        """ Number of coefficients """
        return self._ncoeffs

    def GetNcoeffsErr(self):
        """ Number of w*w coefficients """
        return int((self._ncoeffs + 1) * (self._ncoeffs) / 2)

    def GetSparseKeys(self, **values):
        """ Get tuple from values """
        return tuple(d.index(values[d.name]) for d in self.sparse_axes())

    def fill(self, EFTcoefficients, **values):
        """ Fill histogram, incuding EFT fit coefficients """
        if EFTcoefficients is None or len(EFTcoefficients) == 0:
            super().fill(**values)
            return
        values_orig = values.copy()
        weight = values.pop("weight", None)

        sparse_key = tuple(d.index(values[d.name]) for d in self.sparse_axes())
        if sparse_key not in self.EFTcoeffs:
            self.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key] = []
            self.EFTerrs[sparse_key] = []
            for i in range(self.GetNcoeffs()):
                self.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key].append(
                    np.zeros(shape=self._dense_shape, dtype=self._dtype))
            for i in range(self.GetNcoeffsErr()):
                self.EFTerrs[sparse_key].append(
                    np.zeros(shape=self._dense_shape, dtype=self._dtype))

        errs = []
        iCoeff, iErr = 0, 0
        EFTcoefficients = np.asarray(EFTcoefficients)
        if self.dense_dim() > 0:
            dense_indices = tuple(
                d.index(values[d.name]) for d in self._axes
                if isinstance(d, coffea.hist.hist_tools.DenseAxis))
            xy = np.atleast_1d(
                np.ravel_multi_index(dense_indices, self._dense_shape))
            if len(EFTcoefficients) > 0:
                #EFTcoefficients = EFTcoefficients.regular()
                errs = [self.GetErrCoeffs(x) for x in EFTcoefficients]
                errs = np.asarray(errs)
            for coef in np.transpose(EFTcoefficients):
                #coef = coffea.util._ensure_flat(coef)
                self.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key][iCoeff][:] += np.bincount(
                    xy,
                    weights=coef,
                    minlength=np.array(self._dense_shape).prod()).reshape(
                        self._dense_shape)
                iCoeff += 1

            # Calculate errs...
            for err in np.transpose(errs):
                self.EFTerrs[sparse_key][iErr][:] += np.bincount(
                    xy,
                    weights=err,
                    minlength=np.array(self._dense_shape).prod()).reshape(
                        self._dense_shape)
                iErr += 1
        else:
            for coef in np.transpose(EFTcoefficients):
                self.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key][iCoeff] += np.sum(coef)
            # Calculate errs...
            errs = np.asarray(errs)
            for err in np.transpose(errs):
                self.EFTerrs[sparse_key][iErr][:] += np.sum(err)
        super().fill(**values_orig)

    #######################################################################################
    def SetWCFit(self, key=None):
        if key == None:
            for key in list(self._sumw.keys())[-1:]:
                self.SetWCFit(key)
            return
        self.WCFit[key] = []
        bins = np.transpose(np.asarray(self.EFTcoeffs[key])
                            )  #np.array((self.EFTcoeffs[key])[:]).transpose()
        errs = np.asarray((self.EFTerrs[key])[:]).transpose()
        ibin = 0
        for fitcoeff, fiterrs in zip(bins, errs):
            self.WCFit[key].append(
                WCFit(tag='%i' % ibin,
                      names=self._wcnames,
                      coeffs=fitcoeff,
                      errors=fiterrs))
            #self.WCFit[key][-1].Dump()
            ibin += 1

    def add(self, other):
        """ Add another histogram into this one, in-place """
        #super().add(other)
        if not self.compatible(other):
            raise ValueError(
                "Cannot add this histogram with histogram %r of dissimilar dimensions"
                % other)
        raxes = other.sparse_axes()

        def add_dict(left, right):
            for rkey in right.keys():
                lkey = tuple(
                    self.axis(rax).index(rax[ridx])
                    for rax, ridx in zip(raxes, rkey))
                if lkey in left:
                    left[lkey] += right[rkey]
                else:
                    left[lkey] = copy.deepcopy(right[rkey])

        if self._sumw2 is None and other._sumw2 is None: pass
        elif self._sumw2 is None:
            self._init_sumw2()
            add_dict(self._sumw2, other._sumw2)
        elif other._sumw2 is None:
            add_dict(self._sumw2, other._sumw)
        else:
            add_dict(self._sumw2, other._sumw2)
        add_dict(self._sumw, other._sumw)
        add_dict(self.EFTcoeffs, other.EFTcoeffs)
        add_dict(self.EFTerrs, other.EFTerrs)
        return self

    def DumpFits(self, key=''):
        """ Display all the fit parameters for all bins """
        if key == '':
            for k in self.EFTcoeffs.keys():
                self.DumpFits(k)
            return
        for fit in (len(self.WCFit[key])):
            fit.Dump()

    def ScaleFits(self, SF, key=''):
        """ Scale all the fits by some amount """
        if key == '':
            for k in self.EFTcoeffs.keys():
                self.ScaleFits(SF, k)
            return
        for fit in self.WCFit[key]:
            fit.Scale(SF)

    def __getitem__(self, keys):
        """ Extended from parent class """
        if not isinstance(keys, tuple): keys = (keys, )
        if len(keys) > self.dim():
            raise IndexError("Too many indices for this histogram")
        elif len(keys) < self.dim():
            if Ellipsis in keys:
                idx = keys.index(Ellipsis)
                slices = (slice(None), ) * (self.dim() - len(keys) + 1)
                keys = keys[:idx] + slices + keys[idx + 1:]
            else:
                slices = (slice(None), ) * (self.dim() - len(keys))
                keys += slices
        sparse_idx, dense_idx, new_dims = [], [], []

        for s, ax in zip(keys, self._axes):
            if isinstance(ax, coffea.hist.hist_tools.SparseAxis):
                sparse_idx.append(ax._ireduce(s))
                new_dims.append(ax)
            else:
                islice = ax._ireduce(s)
                dense_idx.append(islice)
                new_dims.append(ax.reduced(islice))
        dense_idx = tuple(dense_idx)

        def dense_op(array):
            return np.block(
                coffea.hist.hist_tools.assemble_blocks(array, dense_idx))

        out = HistEFT(self._label, self._wcnames, *new_dims, dtype=self._dtype)
        if self._sumw2 is not None: out._init_sumw2()
        for sparse_key in self._sumw:
            if not all(k in idx for k, idx in zip(sparse_key, sparse_idx)):
                continue
            if sparse_key in out._sumw:
                out._sumw[sparse_key] += dense_op(self._sumw[sparse_key])
                if self._sumw2 is not None:
                    out._sumw2[sparse_key] += dense_op(self._sumw2[sparse_key])
            else:
                out._sumw[sparse_key] = dense_op(self._sumw[sparse_key]).copy()
                if self._sumw2 is not None:
                    out._sumw2[sparse_key] = dense_op(
                        self._sumw2[sparse_key]).copy()
        for sparse_key in self.EFTcoeffs:
            if not all(k in idx for k, idx in zip(sparse_key, sparse_idx)):
                continue
            if sparse_key in out.EFTcoeffs:
                for i in range(len(out.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key])):
                    out.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key][i] += dense_op(
                        self.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key][i])
                    out.EFTerrs[sparse_key][i] += dense_op(
                        self.EFTerrs[sparse_key][i])
            else:
                out.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key] = []
                out.EFTerrs[sparse_key] = []
                for i in range(self.GetNcoeffs()):
                    out.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key].append(
                        np.zeros(shape=self._dense_shape, dtype=self._dtype))
                for i in range(self.GetNcoeffsErr()):
                    out.EFTerrs[sparse_key].append(
                        np.zeros(shape=self._dense_shape, dtype=self._dtype))
                for i in range(len(self.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key])):
                    out.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key][i] += dense_op(
                        self.EFTcoeffs[sparse_key][i]).copy()
                    out.EFTerrs[sparse_key][i] += dense_op(
                        self.EFTerrs[sparse_key][i]).copy()
        return out

    def sum(self, *axes, **kwargs):
        """ Integrates out a set of axes, producing a new histogram 
        Project() and integrate() depends on sum() and are heritated """
        overflow = kwargs.pop('overflow', 'none')
        axes = [self.axis(ax) for ax in axes]
        reduced_dims = [ax for ax in self._axes if ax not in axes]
        out = HistEFT(self._label,
                      self._wcnames,
                      *reduced_dims,
                      dtype=self._dtype)
        if self._sumw2 is not None: out._init_sumw2()

        sparse_drop = []
        dense_slice = [slice(None)] * self.dense_dim()
        dense_sum_dim = []
        for axis in axes:
            if isinstance(axis, coffea.hist.hist_tools.DenseAxis):
                idense = self._idense(axis)
                dense_sum_dim.append(idense)
                dense_slice[idense] = overflow_behavior(overflow)
            elif isinstance(axis, coffea.hist.hist_tools.SparseAxis):
                isparse = self._isparse(axis)
                sparse_drop.append(isparse)
        dense_slice = tuple(dense_slice)
        dense_sum_dim = tuple(dense_sum_dim)

        def dense_op(array):
            if len(dense_sum_dim) > 0:
                return np.sum(array[dense_slice], axis=dense_sum_dim)
            return array

        for key in self._sumw.keys():
            new_key = tuple(k for i, k in enumerate(key)
                            if i not in sparse_drop)
            if new_key in out._sumw:
                out._sumw[new_key] += dense_op(self._sumw[key])
                if self._sumw2 is not None:
                    out._sumw2[new_key] += dense_op(self._sumw2[key])
            else:
                out._sumw[new_key] = dense_op(self._sumw[key]).copy()
                if self._sumw2 is not None:
                    out._sumw2[new_key] = dense_op(self._sumw2[key]).copy()

        for key in self.EFTcoeffs.keys():
            new_key = tuple(k for i, k in enumerate(key)
                            if i not in sparse_drop)
            if new_key in out.EFTcoeffs:
                #out.EFTcoeffs[new_key] += dense_op(self.EFTcoeffs[key])
                #out.EFTerrs  [new_key] += dense_op(self.EFTerrs  [key])
                for i in range(len(self.EFTcoeffs[key])):
                    out.EFTcoeffs[new_key][i] += dense_op(
                        self.EFTcoeffs[key][i])
                for i in range(len(self.EFTerrs[key])):
                    out.EFTerrs[new_key][i] += dense_op(self.EFTerrs[key][i])
            else:
                out.EFTcoeffs[new_key] = []
                out.EFTerrs[new_key] = []
                for i in range(len(self.EFTcoeffs[key])):
                    out.EFTcoeffs[new_key].append(
                        dense_op(self.EFTcoeffs[key][i]).copy())
                for i in range(len(self.EFTerrs[key])):
                    out.EFTerrs[new_key].append(
                        dense_op(self.EFTerrs[key][i]).copy())
        return out

    def project(self, *axes, **kwargs):
        """ Project histogram onto a subset of its axes
         Same as in parent class """
        overflow = kwargs.pop('overflow', 'none')
        axes = [self.axis(ax) for ax in axes]
        toremove = [ax for ax in self.axes() if ax not in axes]
        return self.sum(*toremove, overflow=overflow)

    def integrate(self, axis_name, int_range=slice(None), overflow='none'):
        """ Integrates current histogram along one dimension
          Same as in parent class """
        axis = self.axis(axis_name)
        full_slice = tuple(
            slice(None) if ax != axis else int_range for ax in self._axes)
        if isinstance(int_range, coffea.hist.hist_tools.Interval):
            # Handle overflow intervals nicely
            if int_range.nan(): overflow = 'justnan'
            elif int_range.lo == -np.inf: overflow = 'under'
            elif int_range.hi == np.inf: overflow = 'over'
        return self[full_slice].sum(
            axis.name, overflow=overflow)  # slice may make new axis, use name

    def remove(self, bins, axis):
        """ Remove bins from a sparse axis
        Same as in parent class """
        axis = self.axis(axis)
        if not isinstance(axis, coffea.hist.hist_tools.SparseAxis):
            raise NotImplementedError(
                "Hist.remove() only supports removing items from a sparse axis."
            )
        bins = [axis.index(binid) for binid in bins]
        keep = [
            binid.name for binid in self.identifiers(axis) if binid not in bins
        ]
        full_slice = tuple(
            slice(None) if ax != axis else keep for ax in self._axes)
        return self[full_slice]

    def group(self, old_axes, new_axis, mapping, overflow='none'):
        """ Group a set of slices on old axes into a single new axis """
        ### WARNING: check that this function works properly... (TODO) --> Are the EFT coefficients properly grouped?
        if not isinstance(new_axis, coffea.hist.hist_tools.SparseAxis):
            raise TypeError(
                "New axis must be a sparse axis.  Note: Hist.group() signature has changed to group(old_axes, new_axis, ...)!"
            )
        if new_axis in self.axes() and self.axis(new_axis) is new_axis:
            raise RuntimeError(
                "new_axis is already in the list of axes.  Note: Hist.group() signature has changed to group(old_axes, new_axis, ...)!"
            )
        if not isinstance(old_axes, tuple): old_axes = (old_axes, )
        old_axes = [self.axis(ax) for ax in old_axes]
        old_indices = [i for i, ax in enumerate(self._axes) if ax in old_axes]
        new_dims = [new_axis] + [ax for ax in self._axes if ax not in old_axes]
        out = HistEFT(self._label, self._wcnames, *new_dims, dtype=self._dtype)
        if self._sumw2 is not None: out._init_sumw2()
        for new_cat in mapping.keys():
            the_slice = mapping[new_cat]
            if not isinstance(the_slice, tuple): the_slice = (the_slice, )
            if len(the_slice) != len(old_axes):
                raise Exception(
                    "Slicing does not match number of axes being rebinned")
            full_slice = [slice(None)] * self.dim()
            for idx, s in zip(old_indices, the_slice):
                full_slice[idx] = s
            full_slice = tuple(full_slice)
            reduced_hist = self[full_slice].sum(
                *tuple(ax.name for ax in old_axes),
                overflow=overflow)  # slice may change old axis binning
            new_idx = new_axis.index(new_cat)
            for key in reduced_hist._sumw:
                new_key = (new_idx, ) + key
                out._sumw[new_key] = reduced_hist._sumw[key]
                if self._sumw2 is not None:
                    out._sumw2[new_key] = reduced_hist._sumw2[key]

            # Will this piece work??
            out.EFTcoeffs = copy.deepcopy(reduced_hist.EFTcoeffs)
            out.EFTerrs = copy.deepcopy(reduced_hist.EFTerrs)

        return out

    def rebin(self, old_axis, new_axis):
        """ Rebin a dense axis """
        old_axis = self.axis(old_axis)
        if isinstance(new_axis, numbers.Integral):
            new_axis = Bin(old_axis.name, old_axis.label,
                           old_axis.edges()[::new_axis])
        new_dims = [ax if ax != old_axis else new_axis for ax in self._axes]
        out = HistEFT(self._label, self._wcnames, *new_dims, dtype=self._dtype)
        if self._sumw2 is not None: out._init_sumw2()
        idense = self._idense(old_axis)

        def view_ax(idx):
            fullindex = [slice(None)] * self.dense_dim()
            fullindex[idense] = idx
            return tuple(fullindex)

        binmap = [
            new_axis.index(i) for i in old_axis.identifiers(overflow='allnan')
        ]

        def dense_op(array):
            anew = np.zeros(out._dense_shape, dtype=out._dtype)
            for iold, inew in enumerate(binmap):
                anew[view_ax(inew)] += array[view_ax(iold)]
            return anew

        for key in self._sumw:
            out._sumw[key] = dense_op(self._sumw[key])
            if self._sumw2 is not None:
                out._sumw2[key] = dense_op(self._sumw2[key])

        ### TODO: check that this is working!
        for key in self.EFTcoeffs.keys():
            if key in out.EFTcoeffs:
                for i in range(len(self.EFTcoeffs[key])):
                    out.EFTcoeffs[key][i] += dense_op(self.EFTcoeffs[key][i])
                for i in range(len(self.EFTerrs[key])):
                    out.EFTerrs[key][i] += dense_op(self.EFTerrs[key][i])
            else:
                out.EFTcoeffs[key] = []
                out.EFTerrs[key] = []
                for i in range(len(self.EFTcoeffs[key])):
                    out.EFTcoeffs[key].append(
                        dense_op(self.EFTcoeffs[key][i]).copy())
                for i in range(len(self.EFTerrs[key])):
                    out.EFTerrs[key].append(
                        dense_op(self.EFTerrs[key][i]).copy())
        return out

    ###################################################################
    ### Evaluation
    def Eval(self, wcp=None):
        """ Set a WC point and evaluate """
        if isinstance(WCPoint, dict):
            wcp = WCPoint(wcp)
        elif isinstance(wcp, str):
            values = wcp.replace(" ", "").split(',')
            wcp = WCPoint(values, names=self.GetWCnames())
        elif isinstance(wcp, list):
            wcp = WCPoint(wcp, names=self.GetWCnames())

        if wcp is None:
            if self._WCPoint is None:
                self._WCPoint = WCPoint(names=self._wcnames)
        else:
            self._WCPoint = wcp
        self.EvalInSelfPoint()

    def EvalInSelfPoint(self):
        """ Evaluate to self._WCPoint """
        if len(self.WCFit.keys()) == 0: self.SetWCFit()
        if not hasattr(self, '_sumw_orig'):
            self._sumw_orig = self._sumw.copy()
            self._sumw2_orig = self._sumw2.copy()
        for key in self.WCFit.keys():
            weights = np.array(
                [wc.EvalPoint(self._WCPoint) for wc in self.WCFit[key]])
            errors = np.array(
                [wc.EvalPointError(self._WCPoint) for wc in self.WCFit[key]])
            self._sumw[key] = self._sumw_orig[key] * weights
            self._sumw2[key] = self._sumw2_orig[key] * errors

    def SetSMpoint(self):
        """ Set SM WC point and evaluate """
        wc = WCPoint(names=self._wcnames)
        wc.SetSMPoint()
        self.Eval(wc)

    def SetStrength(self, wc, val):
        """ Set a WC strength and evaluate """
        self._WCPoint.SetStrength(wc, val)
        self.EvalInSelfPoint()

    def GetWCnames(self):
        return self._wcnames