def edit(self,index=None):
"""Edit a block.
If no number is given, use the last block executed.
This edits the in-memory copy of the demo, it does NOT modify the
original source file. If you want to do that, simply open the file in
an editor and use reload() when you make changes to the file. This
method is meant to let you change a block during a demonstration for
explanatory purposes, without damaging your original script."""
index = self._get_index(index)
if index is None:
return
# decrease the index by one (unless we're at the very beginning), so
# that the default demo.edit() call opens up the sblock we've last run
if index>0:
index -= 1
filename = self.shell.mktempfile(self.src_blocks[index])
self.shell.hooks.editor(filename,1)
new_block = file_read(filename)
# update the source and colored block
self.src_blocks[index] = new_block
self.src_blocks_colored[index] = self.ip_colorize(new_block)
self.block_index = index
# call to run with the newly edited index
self()
def edit(self,index=None):
"""Edit a block.
If no number is given, use the last block executed.
This edits the in-memory copy of the demo, it does NOT modify the
original source file. If you want to do that, simply open the file in
an editor and use reload() when you make changes to the file. This
method is meant to let you change a block during a demonstration for
explanatory purposes, without damaging your original script."""
index = self._get_index(index)
if index is None:
return
# decrease the index by one (unless we're at the very beginning), so
# that the default demo.edit() call opens up the sblock we've last run
if index>0:
index -= 1
filename = self.shell.mktempfile(self.src_blocks[index])
self.shell.hooks.editor(filename,1)
new_block = file_read(filename)
# update the source and colored block
self.src_blocks[index] = new_block
self.src_blocks_colored[index] = self.ip_colorize(new_block)
self.block_index = index
# call to run with the newly edited index
self()
def pycat(self, parameter_s=''):
"""Show a syntax-highlighted file through a pager.
This magic is similar to the cat utility, but it will assume the file
to be Python source and will show it with syntax highlighting. """
try:
filename = get_py_filename(parameter_s)
cont = file_read(filename)
except IOError:
try:
cont = eval(parameter_s, self.shell.user_ns)
except NameError:
cont = None
if cont is None:
print "Error: no such file or variable"
return
page.page(self.shell.pycolorize(cont))
def edit(self, parameter_s='', last_call=['', '']):
"""Bring up an editor and execute the resulting code.
Usage:
%edit [options] [args]
%edit runs IPython's editor hook. The default version of this hook is
set to call the editor specified by your $EDITOR environment variable.
If this isn't found, it will default to vi under Linux/Unix and to
notepad under Windows. See the end of this docstring for how to change
the editor hook.
You can also set the value of this editor via the
``TerminalInteractiveShell.editor`` option in your configuration file.
This is useful if you wish to use a different editor from your typical
default with IPython (and for Windows users who typically don't set
environment variables).
This command allows you to conveniently edit multi-line code right in
your IPython session.
If called without arguments, %edit opens up an empty editor with a
temporary file and will execute the contents of this file when you
close it (don't forget to save it!).
Options:
-n <number>: open the editor at a specified line number. By default,
the IPython editor hook uses the unix syntax 'editor +N filename', but
you can configure this by providing your own modified hook if your
favorite editor supports line-number specifications with a different
syntax.
-p: this will call the editor with the same data as the previous time
it was used, regardless of how long ago (in your current session) it
was.
-r: use 'raw' input. This option only applies to input taken from the
user's history. By default, the 'processed' history is used, so that
magics are loaded in their transformed version to valid Python. If
this option is given, the raw input as typed as the command line is
used instead. When you exit the editor, it will be executed by
IPython's own processor.
-x: do not execute the edited code immediately upon exit. This is
mainly useful if you are editing programs which need to be called with
command line arguments, which you can then do using %run.
Arguments:
If arguments are given, the following possibilities exist:
- If the argument is a filename, IPython will load that into the
editor. It will execute its contents with execfile() when you exit,
loading any code in the file into your interactive namespace.
- The arguments are ranges of input history, e.g. "7 ~1/4-6".
The syntax is the same as in the %history magic.
- If the argument is a string variable, its contents are loaded
into the editor. You can thus edit any string which contains
python code (including the result of previous edits).
- If the argument is the name of an object (other than a string),
IPython will try to locate the file where it was defined and open the
editor at the point where it is defined. You can use `%edit function`
to load an editor exactly at the point where 'function' is defined,
edit it and have the file be executed automatically.
- If the object is a macro (see %macro for details), this opens up your
specified editor with a temporary file containing the macro's data.
Upon exit, the macro is reloaded with the contents of the file.
Note: opening at an exact line is only supported under Unix, and some
editors (like kedit and gedit up to Gnome 2.8) do not understand the
'+NUMBER' parameter necessary for this feature. Good editors like
(X)Emacs, vi, jed, pico and joe all do.
After executing your code, %edit will return as output the code you
typed in the editor (except when it was an existing file). This way
you can reload the code in further invocations of %edit as a variable,
via _<NUMBER> or Out[<NUMBER>], where <NUMBER> is the prompt number of
the output.
Note that %edit is also available through the alias %ed.
This is an example of creating a simple function inside the editor and
then modifying it. First, start up the editor::
In [1]: ed
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
Out[1]: 'def foo():\\n print "foo() was defined in an editing
session"\\n'
We can then call the function foo()::
In [2]: foo()
foo() was defined in an editing session
Now we edit foo. IPython automatically loads the editor with the
(temporary) file where foo() was previously defined::
In [3]: ed foo
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
And if we call foo() again we get the modified version::
In [4]: foo()
foo() has now been changed!
Here is an example of how to edit a code snippet successive
times. First we call the editor::
In [5]: ed
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
hello
Out[5]: "print 'hello'\\n"
Now we call it again with the previous output (stored in _)::
In [6]: ed _
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
hello world
Out[6]: "print 'hello world'\\n"
Now we call it with the output #8 (stored in _8, also as Out[8])::
In [7]: ed _8
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
hello again
Out[7]: "print 'hello again'\\n"
Changing the default editor hook:
If you wish to write your own editor hook, you can put it in a
configuration file which you load at startup time. The default hook
is defined in the IPython.core.hooks module, and you can use that as a
starting example for further modifications. That file also has
general instructions on how to set a new hook for use once you've
defined it."""
opts, args = self.parse_options(parameter_s, 'prxn:')
try:
filename, lineno, is_temp = self._find_edit_target(
self.shell, args, opts, last_call)
except MacroToEdit as e:
self._edit_macro(args, e.args[0])
return
# do actual editing here
print('Editing...', end=' ')
sys.stdout.flush()
try:
# Quote filenames that may have spaces in them
if ' ' in filename:
filename = "'%s'" % filename
self.shell.hooks.editor(filename, lineno)
except TryNext:
warn('Could not open editor')
return
# XXX TODO: should this be generalized for all string vars?
# For now, this is special-cased to blocks created by cpaste
if args.strip() == 'pasted_block':
self.shell.user_ns['pasted_block'] = file_read(filename)
if 'x' in opts: # -x prevents actual execution
print()
else:
print('done. Executing edited code...')
if 'r' in opts: # Untranslated IPython code
self.shell.run_cell(file_read(filename), store_history=False)
else:
self.shell.safe_execfile(filename, self.shell.user_ns,
self.shell.user_ns)
if is_temp:
try:
return open(filename).read()
except IOError as msg:
if msg.filename == filename:
warn('File not found. Did you forget to save?')
return
else:
self.shell.showtraceback()
def edit(self, parameter_s='',last_call=['','']):
"""Bring up an editor and execute the resulting code.
Usage:
%edit [options] [args]
%edit runs IPython's editor hook. The default version of this hook is
set to call the editor specified by your $EDITOR environment variable.
If this isn't found, it will default to vi under Linux/Unix and to
notepad under Windows. See the end of this docstring for how to change
the editor hook.
You can also set the value of this editor via the
``TerminalInteractiveShell.editor`` option in your configuration file.
This is useful if you wish to use a different editor from your typical
default with IPython (and for Windows users who typically don't set
environment variables).
This command allows you to conveniently edit multi-line code right in
your IPython session.
If called without arguments, %edit opens up an empty editor with a
temporary file and will execute the contents of this file when you
close it (don't forget to save it!).
Options:
-n <number>: open the editor at a specified line number. By default,
the IPython editor hook uses the unix syntax 'editor +N filename', but
you can configure this by providing your own modified hook if your
favorite editor supports line-number specifications with a different
syntax.
-p: this will call the editor with the same data as the previous time
it was used, regardless of how long ago (in your current session) it
was.
-r: use 'raw' input. This option only applies to input taken from the
user's history. By default, the 'processed' history is used, so that
magics are loaded in their transformed version to valid Python. If
this option is given, the raw input as typed as the command line is
used instead. When you exit the editor, it will be executed by
IPython's own processor.
-x: do not execute the edited code immediately upon exit. This is
mainly useful if you are editing programs which need to be called with
command line arguments, which you can then do using %run.
Arguments:
If arguments are given, the following possibilities exist:
- If the argument is a filename, IPython will load that into the
editor. It will execute its contents with execfile() when you exit,
loading any code in the file into your interactive namespace.
- The arguments are ranges of input history, e.g. "7 ~1/4-6".
The syntax is the same as in the %history magic.
- If the argument is a string variable, its contents are loaded
into the editor. You can thus edit any string which contains
python code (including the result of previous edits).
- If the argument is the name of an object (other than a string),
IPython will try to locate the file where it was defined and open the
editor at the point where it is defined. You can use `%edit function`
to load an editor exactly at the point where 'function' is defined,
edit it and have the file be executed automatically.
- If the object is a macro (see %macro for details), this opens up your
specified editor with a temporary file containing the macro's data.
Upon exit, the macro is reloaded with the contents of the file.
Note: opening at an exact line is only supported under Unix, and some
editors (like kedit and gedit up to Gnome 2.8) do not understand the
'+NUMBER' parameter necessary for this feature. Good editors like
(X)Emacs, vi, jed, pico and joe all do.
After executing your code, %edit will return as output the code you
typed in the editor (except when it was an existing file). This way
you can reload the code in further invocations of %edit as a variable,
via _<NUMBER> or Out[<NUMBER>], where <NUMBER> is the prompt number of
the output.
Note that %edit is also available through the alias %ed.
This is an example of creating a simple function inside the editor and
then modifying it. First, start up the editor::
In [1]: ed
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
Out[1]: 'def foo():\\n print "foo() was defined in an editing
session"\\n'
We can then call the function foo()::
In [2]: foo()
foo() was defined in an editing session
Now we edit foo. IPython automatically loads the editor with the
(temporary) file where foo() was previously defined::
In [3]: ed foo
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
And if we call foo() again we get the modified version::
In [4]: foo()
foo() has now been changed!
Here is an example of how to edit a code snippet successive
times. First we call the editor::
In [5]: ed
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
hello
Out[5]: "print 'hello'\\n"
Now we call it again with the previous output (stored in _)::
In [6]: ed _
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
hello world
Out[6]: "print 'hello world'\\n"
Now we call it with the output #8 (stored in _8, also as Out[8])::
In [7]: ed _8
Editing... done. Executing edited code...
hello again
Out[7]: "print 'hello again'\\n"
Changing the default editor hook:
If you wish to write your own editor hook, you can put it in a
configuration file which you load at startup time. The default hook
is defined in the IPython.core.hooks module, and you can use that as a
starting example for further modifications. That file also has
general instructions on how to set a new hook for use once you've
defined it."""
opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'prxn:')
try:
filename, lineno, is_temp = self._find_edit_target(self.shell,
args, opts, last_call)
except MacroToEdit as e:
self._edit_macro(args, e.args[0])
return
# do actual editing here
print('Editing...', end=' ')
sys.stdout.flush()
try:
# Quote filenames that may have spaces in them
if ' ' in filename:
filename = "'%s'" % filename
self.shell.hooks.editor(filename,lineno)
except TryNext:
warn('Could not open editor')
return
# XXX TODO: should this be generalized for all string vars?
# For now, this is special-cased to blocks created by cpaste
if args.strip() == 'pasted_block':
self.shell.user_ns['pasted_block'] = file_read(filename)
if 'x' in opts: # -x prevents actual execution
print()
else:
print('done. Executing edited code...')
if 'r' in opts: # Untranslated IPython code
self.shell.run_cell(file_read(filename),
store_history=False)
else:
self.shell.safe_execfile(filename, self.shell.user_ns,
self.shell.user_ns)
if is_temp:
try:
return open(filename).read()
except IOError as msg:
if msg.filename == filename:
warn('File not found. Did you forget to save?')
return
else:
self.shell.showtraceback()