def calculate(args):
Si, Electrode, T, V_p, V_rb = args
sample_data_dir = join(dirname(__file__), '03-data')
db_name = '03_Au_nSi_BW_transient' + '_%02.2fVp_%02.2fVrb_%03.2fK' % (
V_p, abs(V_rb), T) + '.db'
db_name = join(sample_data_dir, db_name)
MyProject = Project(db_name=db_name,
backend='sqlite',
hostname='',
overwrite=False)
MyDiode = SchottkyDiode(MyProject,
'Au-Si_BW',
Electrode,
Si,
DeadLayer=1.5e-7,
L=5e-6)
MyDiode.set_T(T)
MyDiode.set_Va(V_p)
type_sign = -1 if MyDiode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n' else 1
Psi = Psi_approx(MyDiode.L, -(MyDiode.V_bi(eV=True) + type_sign * V_p),
0.0)
Psi, E, z_nodes, rho_err_points, Vd, Vd_err, J, J_err, \
BI_F, dopants_F, ic_id = Poisson.Reccurent_Poisson_solver(MyDiode, Psi, Vd_error=1e-6,
equilibrium_filling=True, t=mp.inf,
initial_condition_id=-1,
rho_rel_err=Poisson_rel_err, max_iter=100,
debug=False)
#plt.plot(z_nodes, -Psi(z_nodes), 'r-o')
#plt.show()
MyDiode.set_Va(V_rb)
Psi, E, z_nodes, rho_err_points, Vd, Vd_err, J, J_err, \
BI_F, dopants_F, ic_id = Poisson.Reccurent_Poisson_solver(MyDiode, Psi, Vd_error=1e-6,
equilibrium_filling=False, fast_traps=['Phosphorus'],
t=0.0,
initial_condition_id=ic_id,
rho_rel_err=Poisson_rel_err, max_iter=100,
debug=False)
#plt.plot(z_nodes, -Psi(z_nodes), 'r-o')
#plt.show()
t_points, potential_t, field_d, z_t, diode_voltage_drop_t, current_density_t, \
bonding_interfaces_f_t, dopants_f_t, last_state_id = Kinetics.traps_kinetics(MyDiode, ic_id,
1e-9, 10e-3, 100e-3,
fast_traps=['Phosphorus'],
rho_rel_err=Poisson_rel_err,
df_threshold=1e-2, debug=True)
return [T, t_points, bonding_interfaces_f_t, dopants_f_t]
def calculate(args):
Si, Electrode, T, V_p = args
sample_data_dir = join(dirname(__file__), '03-data')
db_name = '03_Au_nSi_BW_transient' + '_%02.2fVp_%02.2fVrb_%03.2fK' % (
V_p, abs(V_rb), T) + '.db'
db_name = join(sample_data_dir, db_name)
MyProject = Project(db_name=db_name,
backend='sqlite',
hostname='',
overwrite=False)
MyDiode = SchottkyDiode(MyProject,
'Au-Si_BW',
Electrode,
Si,
DeadLayer=1.5e-7,
L=5e-6)
MyDiode.set_T(T)
MyDiode.set_Va(V_p)
print T
type_sign = -1 if MyDiode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n' else 1
Psi = Psi_approx(MyDiode.L, -(MyDiode.V_bi(eV=True) + type_sign * V_p),
0.0)
Psi, E, z_nodes, rho_err_points, Vd, Vd_err, J, J_err, \
BI_F, dopants_F, ic_id = Poisson.Reccurent_Poisson_solver(MyDiode, Psi, Vd_error=1e-6,
equilibrium_filling=True, t=mp.inf,
initial_condition_id=-1,
rho_rel_err=Poisson_rel_err, max_iter=100,
debug=False)
return db_name
def dopants_df_dt(schottky_diode, initial_condition_id):
ic_found, potential, field, z_nodes, _, \
diode_voltage_drop, _, current_density, _, bonding_interfaces_f, dopants_f, \
measurement_id = Poisson.load_diode_state(schottky_diode, initial_condition_id, debug=True)
if not ic_found:
raise (
Exception('Initial condition not found. Please check everything'))
#schottky_diode.dopants_set_eq_F(z_nodes, potential, debug=False)
_, (ax1, ax2, ax3, ax4, ax5) = plt.subplots(5, sharex=True)
ax1.plot(z_nodes, -potential(z_nodes))
for dopant_name in dopants_f.keys():
ax2.plot(z_nodes, dopants_f[dopant_name])
fermi_level = schottky_diode.EfEc(potential, z_nodes, eV=False)
n, p = schottky_diode.n_carriers_theory(potential, z_nodes)
if schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n':
p = np.zeros_like(p)
elif schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'p':
n = np.zeros_like(n)
ax4.plot(z_nodes, n)
for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants:
dopant_f = dopant.equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
fermi_level,
electron_volts=False,
debug=False)
ax2.plot(z_nodes, dopant_f)
df_dt, tau = dopant.df_dt(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
dopants_f[dopant_name],
n,
p,
barrier_lowering_e=None,
barrier_lowering_h=None,
use_mpmath=False,
debug=False)
capture_e, capture_h, capture_tau_e, capture_tau_h = dopant.capture_rate(
schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
dopants_f[dopant_name],
n,
p,
debug=False)
emission_e, emission_h, emission_tau_e, emission_tau_h = dopant.emission_rate(
schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
dopants_f[dopant_name],
barrier_lowering_e=None,
barrier_lowering_h=None,
use_mpmath=False,
debug=False)
print 'electrons: capture tau = %2.2g s, emission tau = %2.2g s' % (
min(capture_tau_e), min(emission_tau_e))
print 'holes: capture tau = %2.2g s, emission tau = %2.2g s' % (
min(capture_tau_h), min(emission_tau_h))
print 'tau = %2.2g s' % tau
#ax3.plot(z_nodes, emission_h - emission_e)
ax3.plot(z_nodes, df_dt)
#ax5.plot(z_nodes, capture_tau_e)
plt.show()
def dopants_df_dt(schottky_diode, initial_condition_id):
ic_found, potential, field, z_nodes, _, \
diode_voltage_drop, _, current_density, _, bonding_interfaces_f, dopants_f, \
measurement_id = Poisson.load_diode_state(schottky_diode, initial_condition_id, debug=True)
if not ic_found:
raise(Exception('Initial condition not found. Please check everything'))
#schottky_diode.dopants_set_eq_F(z_nodes, potential, debug=False)
_, (ax1, ax2, ax3, ax4, ax5) = plt.subplots(5, sharex=True)
ax1.plot(z_nodes, -potential(z_nodes))
for dopant_name in dopants_f.keys():
ax2.plot(z_nodes, dopants_f[dopant_name])
fermi_level = schottky_diode.EfEc(potential, z_nodes, eV=False)
n, p = schottky_diode.n_carriers_theory(potential, z_nodes)
if schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n':
p = np.zeros_like(p)
elif schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'p':
n = np.zeros_like(n)
ax4.plot(z_nodes, n)
for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants:
dopant_f = dopant.equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T, schottky_diode.Semiconductor, fermi_level,
electron_volts=False, debug=False)
ax2.plot(z_nodes, dopant_f)
df_dt, tau = dopant.df_dt(schottky_diode.T, schottky_diode.Semiconductor, dopants_f[dopant_name], n, p,
barrier_lowering_e=None, barrier_lowering_h=None, use_mpmath=False, debug=False)
capture_e, capture_h, capture_tau_e, capture_tau_h = dopant.capture_rate(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
dopants_f[dopant_name],
n, p, debug=False)
emission_e, emission_h, emission_tau_e, emission_tau_h = dopant.emission_rate(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
dopants_f[dopant_name],
barrier_lowering_e=None,
barrier_lowering_h=None,
use_mpmath=False, debug=False)
print 'electrons: capture tau = %2.2g s, emission tau = %2.2g s' % (min(capture_tau_e), min(emission_tau_e))
print 'holes: capture tau = %2.2g s, emission tau = %2.2g s' % (min(capture_tau_h), min(emission_tau_h))
print 'tau = %2.2g s' % tau
#ax3.plot(z_nodes, emission_h - emission_e)
ax3.plot(z_nodes, df_dt)
#ax5.plot(z_nodes, capture_tau_e)
plt.show()
MyDiode = SchottkyDiode(MyProject,
'Au-Si_BW',
Electrode,
Si,
DeadLayer=1.5e-7,
L=5e-6)
MyDiode.set_T(T)
MyDiode.set_Va(V_p)
type_sign = -1 if MyDiode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n' else 1
Psi = Psi_approx(MyDiode.L, -(MyDiode.V_bi(eV=True) + type_sign * V_p), 0.0)
Psi, E, z_nodes, rho_err_points, Vd, Vd_err, J, J_err, \
BI_F, dopants_F, ic_id = Poisson.Reccurent_Poisson_solver(MyDiode, Psi, Vd_error=1e-6,
equilibrium_filling=True, t=mp.inf,
initial_condition_id=-1,
rho_rel_err=Poisson_rel_err, max_iter=100,
debug=False)
z_nodes = np.linspace(0, 3e-6, num=500, dtype=np.float)
_, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(2, sharex=True)
Visual.BandsBendingDiagram(ax1,
MyDiode,
Psi,
Vd,
z_nodes,
BI_F,
dopants_F,
eV=True,
draw_metal=True,
label_bands=True,
fancy_ticks=False,
def traps_kinetics(schottky_diode, initial_condition_id, delta_t_min, delta_t_max, t_stop, fast_traps=None,
rho_rel_err=1e-1, df_threshold=1e-3, debug=False, debug_plot=False):
t_points = []
potential_t = []
field_d = []
z_t = []
diode_voltage_drop_t = []
current_density_t = []
bonding_interfaces_f_t = []
dopants_f_t = []
ic_found, potential, z_nodes, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _ = Poisson.load_diode_state(schottky_diode,
initial_condition_id,
debug=True)
if not ic_found:
raise(Exception('Initial condition not found. Please check everything'))
if debug_plot:
plt.ion()
axes = Visual.prepare_debug_axes(['Potential', 'Dopants', 'Localized traps'])
potential_lines = Visual.create_lines(axes['Potential'], ['Start potential', 'Current potential'])
dopants_lines_names = [dopant.name + '_F' for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants]
localized_traps_lines_names = []
for bi in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.bonding_interfaces:
localized_traps_lines_names += [bi.label + '_tilt_' + trap[0].name + '_F' for trap in bi.dsl_tilt.traps]
localized_traps_lines_names += [bi.label + '_twist_' + trap[0].name + '_F' for trap in bi.dsl_twist.traps]
dopants_lines = Visual.create_lines(axes['Dopants'], dopants_lines_names)
localized_traps_lines = Visual.create_lines(axes['Localized traps'], localized_traps_lines_names)
t = 0
last_state_id = initial_condition_id
if fast_traps is None:
fast_traps = []
while t <= t_stop:
print 't =', t
potential, field, z_nodes, _, \
diode_voltage_drop, _, current_density, _, \
bonding_interface_f, dopants_f, \
last_state_id = Poisson.Reccurent_Poisson_solver(schottky_diode, potential,
equilibrium_filling=False,
fast_traps=fast_traps,
t=t, initial_condition_id=last_state_id,
rho_rel_err=rho_rel_err, max_iter=100, debug=False)
t_points.append(t)
potential_t.append(potential)
field_d.append(field)
z_t.append(z_nodes)
diode_voltage_drop_t.append(diode_voltage_drop)
current_density_t.append(current_density)
bonding_interfaces_f_t.append(bonding_interface_f)
dopants_f_t.append(dopants_f)
fermi_level = schottky_diode.EfEc(potential, z_nodes, eV=False)
if debug_plot:
if t == 0:
potential_lines['Start potential'].set_data(z_nodes * 1e6, -potential(z_nodes))
potential_lines['Current potential'].set_data(z_nodes * 1e6, -potential(z_nodes))
for dopant_line_name in dopants_lines_names:
dopants_lines[dopant_line_name].set_data(z_nodes * 1e6, dopants_f[dopant_line_name])
for localized_trap_line_name in localized_traps_lines_names:
localized_trap_f_t = []
for bonding_interfaces_f_t_i in bonding_interfaces_f_t:
localized_trap_f_t.append(bonding_interfaces_f_t_i[localized_trap_line_name])
localized_traps_lines[localized_trap_line_name].set_data(t_points, localized_trap_f_t)
Visual.autoscale_axes(axes)
plt.draw()
dt = delta_t_max if t_stop - t > delta_t_max else t_stop - t
if dt == 0:
break
if debug:
print '\n\nT = %2.2f K, t = %2.2g s, dt = %2.2g s' % (schottky_diode.T, t, dt)
n, p = schottky_diode.n_carriers_theory(potential, z_nodes)
if schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n':
p = np.zeros_like(p)
elif schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'p':
n = np.zeros_like(n)
#fast_traps = []
dopants_skip_list = []
df_dopants = {}
for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants:
dopant_key = dopant.name + '_F'
if dopant.name in fast_traps:
if debug:
print 'This dopant is in a fast-traps list, skipping.'
# dopant_f = dopant.equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T, schottky_diode.Semiconductor, fermi_level,
# electron_volts=False, debug=False)
# dopant.set_F_interp(z_nodes, dopant_f)
# dopant.set_dF_interp(z_nodes, np.zeros_like(dopant_f))
# fast_traps.append(dopant.name)
dopants_skip_list.append(dopant_key)
continue
poole_frenkel_e = 1.0
poole_frenkel_h = 1.0
barrier_lowering_e = np.zeros_like(n, dtype=np.float)
barrier_lowering_h = np.zeros_like(p, dtype=np.float)
df_dt, tau = dopant.df_dt(schottky_diode.T, schottky_diode.Semiconductor, dopants_f[dopant_key], n, p,
poole_frenkel_e=poole_frenkel_e,
poole_frenkel_h=poole_frenkel_h,
barrier_lowering_e=barrier_lowering_e,
barrier_lowering_h=barrier_lowering_h,
use_mpmath=False, debug=False)
df_dopants[dopant_key] = df_dt
max_dt = df_threshold / np.max(np.abs(df_dt))
if debug:
print '\nDopant:', dopant.name
print 'time constant %2.2g s' % tau
print 'Max dF:', np.max(np.abs(df_dt)), 'th:', df_threshold
print 'Max dt:', max_dt, 'dt:', dt
if dt > max_dt > delta_t_min:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
elif max_dt < delta_t_min:
if debug:
print 'Traps are too fast. Setting dopant occupation to equilibrium value'
dopant_f = dopant.equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T, schottky_diode.Semiconductor, fermi_level,
electron_volts=False, debug=False)
dopant.set_F_interp(z_nodes, dopant_f)
dopant.set_dF_interp(z_nodes, np.zeros_like(dopant_f))
# fast_traps.append(dopant.name)
dopants_skip_list.append(dopant_key)
localized_traps_skip_list = []
df_bonding_interfaces = {}
for bi in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.bonding_interfaces:
fermi_level_at_bi = schottky_diode.EfEc(potential, bi.depth, eV=False)
electric_field_at_bi = field(bi.depth)
n_bi, p_bi = schottky_diode.n_carriers_theory(potential, bi.depth)
if schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n':
p_bi = 0.0
elif schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'p':
n_bi = 0.0
if debug:
print '\nBI:', bi.label
print 'n_BI = %2.4g' % n_bi
print 'p_BI = %2.4g' % p_bi
bi_tilt_f = []
for trap_idx, trap in enumerate(bi.dsl_tilt.traps):
localized_trap_key = bi.label + '_tilt_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
print 'BI Density of Charge = %2.2g cm-2' % (bi.density_of_charge / 1e4)
print 'TILT F = %2.2f' % bi.dsl_tilt_f[trap_idx]
dsl_charge_density = bi.dsl_tilt_f[trap_idx] * trap[1]
print 'TILT Density of Charge = %2.2g cm-1' % (dsl_charge_density / 1e2)
print 'EXT FIELD = %2.2g V*cm' % (electric_field_at_bi / 1e2)
electric_field_at_bi_r = abs(electric_field_at_bi)
electric_field_at_bi_theta = 0 if electric_field_at_bi >= 0 else np.pi
electric_field_at_bi_3d = (electric_field_at_bi_r, electric_field_at_bi_theta, 0.0)
trap[0].trap_potential.get_potential_by_name('Charged Dislocation').set_linear_charge_density(dsl_charge_density)
trap[0].trap_potential.get_potential_by_name('External Field').external_field = electric_field_at_bi_3d
kT = to_numeric(k * schottky_diode.T / q)
theta = np.linspace(0, np.pi, num=100, endpoint=True)
barrier_lowering = np.array([trap[0].trap_potential.barrier_lowering(theta_i) for theta_i in theta])
poole_frenkel = 0.5 * np.trapz(np.sin(theta) * np.exp(abs(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) / kT), theta)
poole_frenkel_e = 1.0
poole_frenkel_h = 1.0
if np.sum(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) < 0:
poole_frenkel_e = poole_frenkel
print 'emission boost e: %2.4g' % poole_frenkel
elif np.sum(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) > 0:
poole_frenkel_h = poole_frenkel
print 'emission boost h: %2.4g' % poole_frenkel
barrier_lowering_e = 0.0
barrier_lowering_h = 0.0
df_dt, tau = trap[0].df_dt(schottky_diode.T, schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key], n_bi, p_bi,
poole_frenkel_e=poole_frenkel_e,
poole_frenkel_h=poole_frenkel_h,
barrier_lowering_e=barrier_lowering_e,
barrier_lowering_h=barrier_lowering_h,
use_mpmath=False, debug=False)
df_bonding_interfaces[localized_trap_key] = df_dt
try:
max_dt = df_threshold / abs(df_dt)
except ZeroDivisionError:
max_dt = 1e250
if debug:
print '\nTrap:', trap[0].name
print 'time constant %2.2g s' % tau
print 'dF: %2.4g, th: %2.2f'% (df_dt, df_threshold)
print 'Max dt:', max_dt, 'dt:', dt
if dt > max_dt > delta_t_min:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
elif max_dt < delta_t_min:
if dt > 10 * max_dt:
if debug:
print 'Trap is too fast. Setting trap occupation to equilibrium value'
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = trap[0].equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
fermi_level_at_bi,
electron_volts=False, debug=False)
localized_traps_skip_list.append(localized_trap_key)
else:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
# fast_traps.append(bi.label + '_tilt_' + trap[0].name)
bi_tilt_f.append(bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key])
bi_twist_f = []
for trap in bi.dsl_twist.traps:
localized_trap_key = bi.label + '_twist_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
trap[0].trap_potential.get_potential_by_name('External Field').external_field = electric_field_at_bi
print 'EXT FIELD = %2.2g V*cm' % (electric_field_at_bi / 1e2)
print trap[0].trap_potential.barrier_lowering()
barrier_lowering_e = 0.0
barrier_lowering_h = 0.0
df_dt, tau = trap[0].df_dt(schottky_diode.T, schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key], n_bi, p_bi,
barrier_lowering_e=barrier_lowering_e,
barrier_lowering_h=barrier_lowering_h,
use_mpmath=False, debug=False)
df_bonding_interfaces[localized_trap_key] = df_dt
try:
max_dt = df_threshold / abs(df_dt)
except ZeroDivisionError:
max_dt = 1e250
if debug:
print '\nTrap:', trap[0].name
print 'time constant %2.2g s' % tau
print 'dF: %2.4g, th: %2.2f'% (df_dt, df_threshold)
print 'Max dt:', max_dt, 'dt:', dt
if dt > max_dt > delta_t_min:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
elif max_dt < delta_t_min:
if dt > 10 * max_dt:
if debug:
print 'Trap is too fast. Setting trap occupation to equilibrium value'
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = trap[0].equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
fermi_level,
electron_volts=False, debug=False)
localized_traps_skip_list.append(localized_trap_key)
else:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
# fast_traps.append(bi.label + '_twist_' + trap[0].name)
bi_twist_f.append(bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key])
bi.set_traps_f(np.array(bi_tilt_f), np.array(bi_twist_f))
bi.set_traps_df(np.zeros(len(bi_tilt_f)), np.zeros(len(bi_twist_f)))
dt = np.float(dt)
for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants:
dopant_key = dopant.name + '_F'
if dopant_key in dopants_skip_list:
if debug:
print 'Dopant', dopant_key, 'does not need an update'
continue
dopants_f[dopant_key] += df_dopants[dopant_key] * dt
dopants_f[dopant_key][np.where(dopants_f[dopant_key] > 1.0)] = 1.0
dopants_f[dopant_key][np.where(dopants_f[dopant_key] < 0.0)] = 0.0
dopant.set_F_interp(z_nodes, dopants_f[dopant_key])
dopant.set_dF_interp(z_nodes, np.zeros_like(dopants_f[dopant_key]))
for bi in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.bonding_interfaces:
bi_tilt_f = []
for trap in bi.dsl_tilt.traps:
localized_trap_key = bi.label + '_tilt_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
if localized_trap_key not in localized_traps_skip_list:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] += df_bonding_interfaces[localized_trap_key] * dt
if bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] > 1:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = 1
elif bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] < 0:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = 0
if debug:
print 'F:', bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key]
bi_tilt_f.append(bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key])
bi_twist_f = []
for trap in bi.dsl_twist.traps:
localized_trap_key = bi.label + '_twist_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
if localized_trap_key not in localized_traps_skip_list:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] += df_bonding_interfaces[localized_trap_key] * dt
if bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] > 1:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = 1
elif bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] < 0:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = 0
if debug:
print 'F:', bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key]
bi_twist_f.append(bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key])
bi.set_traps_f(np.array(bi_tilt_f), np.array(bi_twist_f))
bi.set_traps_df(np.zeros(len(bi_tilt_f)), np.zeros(len(bi_twist_f)))
t += dt
if debug_plot:
plt.ioff()
return t_points, potential_t, field_d, z_t, diode_voltage_drop_t, current_density_t, \
bonding_interfaces_f_t, dopants_f_t, last_state_id
def calculate_for_temperature(args):
silicon, electrode, temperature, voltage_range = args
print temperature
db_name = prefix + '_dc_%03.2fK.db' % temperature
db_name = join(data_dir, db_name)
project = Project(db_name=db_name,
backend='sqlite',
hostname='',
overwrite=False)
diode = SchottkyDiode(project,
'Au-nSi_BW',
electrode,
silicon,
DeadLayer=1.5e-7,
L=5e-6)
diode.set_T(temperature)
potential = []
field = []
diode_voltage = []
diode_voltage_error = []
current_density = []
current_density_error = []
bonding_interface_f = {}
dopants_f_sum = {}
z = []
dopants_f = []
for voltage in voltage_range:
diode.set_Va(voltage)
type_sign = -1 if silicon.dop_type == 'n' else 1
potential_i = Psi_approx(diode.L,
-(diode.V_bi(eV=True) + type_sign * voltage),
0.0)
potential_i, field_i, z_nodes, rho_err_points, \
diode_voltage_i, diode_voltage_error_i, \
current_density_i, current_density_error_i, \
bonding_interface_f_i, dopants_f_i, \
measurement_id = Poisson.Reccurent_Poisson_solver(diode, potential_i, Vd_error=1e-6,
equilibrium_filling=True, t=mp.inf,
initial_condition_id=-1,
rho_rel_err=poisson_relative_error, max_iter=100,
debug=False)
potential.append(potential_i)
field.append(field_i)
diode_voltage.append(diode_voltage_i)
diode_voltage_error.append(diode_voltage_error_i)
current_density.append(current_density_i)
current_density_error.append(current_density_i)
z.append(z_nodes)
dopants_f.append(dopants_f_i)
for trap_key in bonding_interface_f_i.keys():
try:
bonding_interface_f[trap_key].append(
bonding_interface_f_i[trap_key])
except KeyError:
bonding_interface_f[trap_key] = [
bonding_interface_f_i[trap_key]
]
for dopant_key in dopants_f_i.keys():
try:
dopants_f_sum[dopant_key].append(
np.sum(dopants_f_i[dopant_key]))
except KeyError:
dopants_f_sum[dopant_key] = [np.sum(dopants_f_i[dopant_key])]
data = {
temperature: {
'applied_voltage': voltage_range,
'diode_voltage': diode_voltage,
'diode_voltage_error': diode_voltage_error,
'current_density': current_density,
'current_density_error': current_density_error
}
}
for trap_key in bonding_interface_f.keys():
data[temperature][trap_key] = bonding_interface_f[trap_key]
for dopant_key in dopants_f_sum.keys():
data[temperature][dopant_key + '_sum'] = dopants_f_sum[dopant_key]
return potential, field, data, z, dopants_f
def traps_kinetics(schottky_diode,
initial_condition_id,
delta_t_min,
delta_t_max,
t_stop,
fast_traps=None,
rho_rel_err=1e-1,
df_threshold=1e-3,
min_t_points=50,
dopants_deriv_threshold=5.0e-5,
dopants_deriv_window=9,
dopants_deriv_z_limit=None,
save_to_db=True,
potential=None,
debug=False,
debug_plot=False):
if dopants_deriv_z_limit is None:
dopants_deriv_z_limit = 1e8
z_limit_f = 1e8
dopants_f_total = {}
t_points = []
potential_t = []
field_d = []
z_t = []
diode_voltage_drop_t = []
current_density_t = []
bonding_interfaces_f_t = []
dopants_f_t = []
n_t = []
p_t = []
if save_to_db:
ic_found, potential, _, z_nodes, _, _, _, _, _, _, _, _ = Poisson.load_diode_state(
schottky_diode, initial_condition_id, debug=True)
if not ic_found:
raise (Exception(
'Initial condition not found. Please check everything'))
if debug_plot:
plt.ion()
axes = Visual.prepare_debug_axes(
['Potential', 'Dopants', 'Localized traps'])
potential_lines = Visual.create_lines(
axes['Potential'], ['Start potential', 'Current potential'])
dopants_lines_names = [
dopant.name + '_F'
for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants
]
localized_traps_lines_names = []
for bi in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.bonding_interfaces:
localized_traps_lines_names += [
bi.label + '_tilt_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
for trap in bi.dsl_tilt.traps
]
localized_traps_lines_names += [
bi.label + '_twist_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
for trap in bi.dsl_twist.traps
]
dopants_lines = Visual.create_lines(axes['Dopants'],
dopants_lines_names)
localized_traps_lines = Visual.create_lines(
axes['Localized traps'], localized_traps_lines_names)
t = 0
last_state_id = initial_condition_id
if fast_traps is None:
fast_traps = []
slow_traps = {}
while t <= t_stop:
print '\n\nt =', t
potential, field, z_nodes, _, \
diode_voltage_drop, _, current_density, _, \
bonding_interface_f, dopants_f, \
last_state_id = Poisson.Reccurent_Poisson_solver(schottky_diode, potential,
equilibrium_filling=False,
fast_traps=fast_traps,
t=t, initial_condition_id=last_state_id,
rho_rel_err=rho_rel_err, max_iter=100,
save_to_db=save_to_db, debug=False)
t_points.append(t)
potential_t.append(potential)
field_d.append(field)
z_t.append(z_nodes)
diode_voltage_drop_t.append(diode_voltage_drop)
current_density_t.append(current_density)
bonding_interfaces_f_t.append(bonding_interface_f.copy())
dopants_f_t.append(dopants_f.copy())
fermi_level = schottky_diode.EfEc(potential, z_nodes, eV=False)
n, p = schottky_diode.n_carriers_theory(potential, z_nodes)
if schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n':
p = np.zeros_like(p)
elif schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'p':
n = np.zeros_like(n)
n_t.append(n.copy())
p_t.append(p.copy())
if debug_plot:
if t == 0:
potential_lines['Start potential'].set_data(
z_nodes * 1e6, -potential(z_nodes))
potential_lines['Current potential'].set_data(
z_nodes * 1e6, -potential(z_nodes))
for dopant_line_name in dopants_lines_names:
dopants_lines[dopant_line_name].set_data(
z_nodes * 1e6, dopants_f[dopant_line_name])
for localized_trap_line_name in localized_traps_lines_names:
localized_trap_f_t = []
for bonding_interfaces_f_t_i in bonding_interfaces_f_t:
localized_trap_f_t.append(
bonding_interfaces_f_t_i[localized_trap_line_name])
localized_traps_lines[localized_trap_line_name].set_data(
t_points, localized_trap_f_t)
Visual.autoscale_axes(axes)
plt.draw()
dt = delta_t_max if t_stop - t > delta_t_max else t_stop - t
if dt == 0:
for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants:
dopant_key = dopant.name + '_F'
dopants_f_t[-1].update(
{dopant_key + '_pf': np.ones_like(z_nodes)})
dopants_f_t[-1].update(
{dopant_key + '_df': np.zeros_like(z_nodes)})
break
if debug:
print '\n\nT = %2.2f K, t = %2.2g s, dt = %2.2g s' % (
schottky_diode.T, t, dt)
#fast_traps = []
dopants_skip_list = []
df_dopants = {}
for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants:
dopant_key = dopant.name + '_F'
dopants_deriv_z_limit_idx = np.where(
z_nodes < dopants_deriv_z_limit)
if t == 0:
dopants_f_total[dopant_key] = [
np.trapz(
dopants_f_t[0][dopant_key][dopants_deriv_z_limit_idx],
x=z_nodes[dopants_deriv_z_limit_idx])
]
else:
dopants_f_total[dopant_key].append(
np.trapz(
dopants_f_t[-1][dopant_key][dopants_deriv_z_limit_idx],
x=z_nodes[dopants_deriv_z_limit_idx]))
print 'Total Donor charge %2.2g' % dopants_f_total[dopant_key][-1]
if t > 0:
loc_der = (dopants_f_total[dopant_key][-1] - dopants_f_total[dopant_key][-2]) \
/ (t_points[-1] - t_points[-2]) / dopants_f_total[dopant_key][0]
print 'local derivative %2.2g%%' % (loc_der * 100)
if dopant.name in fast_traps:
if debug:
print '\nDopant:', dopant.name
print 'This dopant is in a fast-traps list, skipping.'
dopants_skip_list.append(dopant_key)
continue
if dopant.name in slow_traps.keys():
if debug:
print '\nDopant:', dopant.name
print 'This dopant is in a slow-traps list, skipping.'
df_dt = np.zeros_like(z_nodes)
for wp in range(dopants_deriv_window):
df_dt[dopants_deriv_z_limit_idx] += dopants_f_t[-wp - 2][
dopant_key + '_df'][dopants_deriv_z_limit_idx]
df_dt /= dopants_deriv_window
dopants_f_t[-1].update({dopant_key + '_df': df_dt})
df_dopants[dopant_key] = df_dt
#dopants_skip_list.append(dopant_key)
continue
poole_frenkel_e = np.ones_like(z_nodes, dtype=np.float)
poole_frenkel_h = np.ones_like(z_nodes, dtype=np.float)
barrier_lowering_e = np.zeros_like(n, dtype=np.float)
barrier_lowering_h = np.zeros_like(p, dtype=np.float)
field_z = field(z_nodes)
if dopant.trap_potential.get_potential_by_name(
'Charged Dislocation') is not None:
kT = to_numeric(k * schottky_diode.T / q)
theta_points = 90
theta = np.linspace(0, np.pi, num=theta_points, endpoint=True)
#theta = np.linspace(0, np.pi / 2, num=theta_points, endpoint=True)
barrier_lowering = np.zeros((theta_points, len(z_nodes)),
dtype=np.float)
max_N_l = dopant.trap_potential.get_potential_by_name('Charged Dislocation')\
.max_linear_charge_density
dsl_charge_density = max_N_l * dopant.F(z_nodes)
for z_num, local_electric_field in enumerate(field_z):
#print z_num, 'of', len(z_nodes)
#dsl_charge_density = max_N_l * dopant.F(z_nodes[z_num])
local_electric_field_r = abs(local_electric_field)
local_electric_field_theta = 0 if local_electric_field >= 0 else np.pi
local_electric_field_3d = (local_electric_field_r,
local_electric_field_theta, 0.0)
dopant.trap_potential.get_potential_by_name('Charged Dislocation')\
.set_linear_charge_density(dsl_charge_density[z_num])
dopant.trap_potential.get_potential_by_name('External Field')\
.external_field = local_electric_field_3d
loc_f = local_electric_field_r
loc_a = dopant.trap_potential.get_potential_by_name(
'Charged Dislocation').a
loc_b = -dopant.trap_potential.get_potential_by_name(
'Deformation').a
r0 = np.zeros_like(theta)
if loc_f < 1.0e-5:
if z_nodes[z_num] < z_limit_f:
z_limit_f = z_nodes[z_num]
#print 'here', loc_f, z_nodes[z_num]*1e6
try:
r0[:] = loc_b / loc_a
except FloatingPointError:
pass
#print len(r0), r0
else:
determinant = loc_a**2 + 4 * loc_b * loc_f * np.cos(
theta)
idx = np.where(determinant >= 0)
sqrt = np.sqrt(loc_a**2 +
4 * loc_b * loc_f * np.cos(theta[idx]))
sol1 = (-loc_a - sqrt) / (2 * loc_f *
np.cos(theta[idx]))
sol2 = (-loc_a + sqrt) / (2 * loc_f *
np.cos(theta[idx]))
sol1[np.where(sol1 < 0.0)] = 0.0
#sol2[np.where(sol2 < 0.0)] = 0.0
sol = sol1.copy()
#sol2_selection = np.where(sol2 > 0)
sol2_selection = np.where((sol2 > 0) & (sol2 < sol1))
sol[sol2_selection] = sol2[sol2_selection]
sol2_selection = np.where((sol2 > 0) & (sol1 <= 0))
sol[sol2_selection] = sol2[sol2_selection]
r0[idx] = sol
#idx = np.where(r0 < loc_b / loc_a / 3)
#r0[idx] = loc_b / loc_a
zero_theta_idx = np.where(
abs(loc_f * np.cos(theta)) < 1.0e-5)
try:
r0[zero_theta_idx] = loc_b / loc_a
except FloatingPointError:
r0[zero_theta_idx] = 0.0
non_zero_r_idx = np.where(r0 > 0.0)
bl_grid = dopant.trap_potential.potential(
r0[non_zero_r_idx], theta[non_zero_r_idx], 0)
#np.save('./bl_grid_'+str(z_nodes[z_num]*1e6)+'_'+str(t), bl_grid)
#print np.rad2deg(theta[non_zero_r_idx])
#print bl_grid[0,:,0].shape, theta.shape
#print bl_grid[0,:,0]
bl_flat = np.zeros_like(theta)
try:
bl_flat[non_zero_r_idx] = bl_grid[0, :, 0]
except IndexError:
pass
#print kT
#print bl_flat
#barrier_lowering[:,z_num] = np.array([dopant.trap_potential.barrier_lowering(theta_i)[0] for theta_i in theta])
barrier_lowering[:, z_num] = bl_flat
#print barrier_lowering[:, z_num]
#print bl_flat - barrier_lowering[:, z_num]
#poole_frenkel = 0.5 * np.trapz(np.sin(theta) * np.exp(abs(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) / kT), theta)
#poole_frenkel = 0.5 * np.trapz(np.exp(abs(barrier_lowering) / kT), theta, axis=0)
#poole_frenkel = 0.5 + np.trapz(np.exp(abs(barrier_lowering) / kT), theta, axis=0) / np.pi
poole_frenkel = np.trapz(
np.exp(abs(barrier_lowering) / kT), theta, axis=0) / np.pi
#print poole_frenkel
if np.sum(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) < 0:
poole_frenkel_e = poole_frenkel
#print 'emission boost e:', poole_frenkel
elif np.sum(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) > 0:
poole_frenkel_h = poole_frenkel
#print 'emission boost h:', poole_frenkel
try:
dopants_f_t[-1].update({dopant_key + '_pf': poole_frenkel})
except:
dopants_f_t[-1].update(
{dopant_key + '_pf': np.ones_like(z_nodes)})
df_dt, tau = dopant.df_dt(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
dopants_f[dopant_key],
n,
p,
poole_frenkel_e=poole_frenkel_e,
poole_frenkel_h=poole_frenkel_h,
barrier_lowering_e=barrier_lowering_e,
barrier_lowering_h=barrier_lowering_h,
use_mpmath=False,
debug=False)
z_limit_f_idx = np.where(z_nodes < z_limit_f)
z_limit_f_idx0 = np.where(z_t[0] < z_limit_f)
dopants_f_t[-1].update({dopant_key + '_df': df_dt})
df_dopants[dopant_key] = df_dt
#print df_dt
df_total = np.sum(df_dt[z_limit_f_idx]) / np.sum(
dopants_f_t[0][dopant_key][z_limit_f_idx0])
max_dt_local = df_threshold / np.max(np.abs(df_dt))
max_dt_total = df_threshold / np.max(np.abs(df_total))
max_dt = min(max_dt_local, max_dt_total)
if debug:
print '\nDopant:', dopant.name
print 'Z limit of %2.2g m: left %d points of %d' % (
z_limit_f, len(z_nodes[z_limit_f_idx]), len(z_nodes))
print 'Min time constant %2.2g s' % tau
print 'Max dF local:', np.max(
np.abs(df_dt)), 'th:', df_threshold
print 'Max dF total:', np.max(
np.abs(df_total)), 'th:', df_threshold
print 'Max dt:', max_dt, 'dt:', dt
if len(t_points) > dopants_deriv_window:
deriv = np.array(dopants_f_total[dopant_key][-dopants_deriv_window + 1:]) \
- np.array(dopants_f_total[dopant_key][-dopants_deriv_window:-1])
deriv /= dopants_f_total[dopant_key][0]
deriv /= np.array(
t_points[-dopants_deriv_window + 1:]) - np.array(
t_points[-dopants_deriv_window:-1])
deriv = np.average(deriv)
if debug:
print 'Dopants derivative: %2.2g%%' % (deriv * 100)
print 'Derivative threshold: %2.2g%%' % (
dopants_deriv_threshold * 100)
else:
deriv = 1e8
if abs(deriv) < dopants_deriv_threshold and len(
t_points) >= min_t_points:
if debug:
print 'Traps are all set. Adding dopant to slow traps.'
slow_traps[dopant.name] = deriv
if dt > max_dt > delta_t_min:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
elif max_dt < delta_t_min:
if debug:
print 'Traps are too fast. Setting dopant occupation to equilibrium value'
dopant_f = dopant.equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
fermi_level,
electron_volts=False,
debug=False)
dopant.set_F_interp(z_nodes, dopant_f)
dopant.set_dF_interp(z_nodes, np.zeros_like(dopant_f))
fast_traps.append(dopant.name)
dopants_skip_list.append(dopant_key)
localized_traps_skip_list = []
df_bonding_interfaces = {}
for bi in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.bonding_interfaces:
fermi_level_at_bi = schottky_diode.EfEc(potential,
bi.depth,
eV=False)
electric_field_at_bi = field(bi.depth)
n_bi, p_bi = schottky_diode.n_carriers_theory(potential, bi.depth)
if schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'n':
p_bi = 0.0
elif schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dop_type == 'p':
n_bi = 0.0
if debug:
print '\nBI:', bi.label
print 'n_BI = %2.4g' % n_bi
print 'p_BI = %2.4g' % p_bi
bi_tilt_f = []
for trap_idx, trap in enumerate(bi.dsl_tilt.traps):
localized_trap_key = bi.label + '_tilt_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
print 'BI Density of Charge = %2.2g cm-2' % (
bi.density_of_charge / 1e4)
print 'TILT F = %2.2f' % bi.dsl_tilt_f[trap_idx]
dsl_charge_density = bi.dsl_tilt_f[trap_idx] * trap[1]
print 'TILT Density of Charge = %2.2g cm-1' % (
dsl_charge_density / 1e2)
print 'EXT FIELD = %2.2g V*cm' % (electric_field_at_bi / 1e2)
electric_field_at_bi_r = abs(electric_field_at_bi)
electric_field_at_bi_theta = 0 if electric_field_at_bi >= 0 else np.pi
electric_field_at_bi_3d = (electric_field_at_bi_r,
electric_field_at_bi_theta, 0.0)
trap[0].trap_potential.get_potential_by_name(
'Charged Dislocation').set_linear_charge_density(
dsl_charge_density)
trap[0].trap_potential.get_potential_by_name(
'External Field').external_field = electric_field_at_bi_3d
kT = to_numeric(k * schottky_diode.T / q)
theta = np.linspace(0, np.pi, num=100, endpoint=True)
barrier_lowering = np.array([
trap[0].trap_potential.barrier_lowering(theta_i)
for theta_i in theta
])
poole_frenkel = 0.5 * np.trapz(
np.sin(theta) * np.exp(abs(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) / kT),
theta)
poole_frenkel_e = 1.0
poole_frenkel_h = 1.0
if np.sum(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) < 0:
poole_frenkel_e = poole_frenkel
print 'emission boost e: %2.4g' % poole_frenkel
elif np.sum(barrier_lowering[:, 0]) > 0:
poole_frenkel_h = poole_frenkel
print 'emission boost h: %2.4g' % poole_frenkel
barrier_lowering_e = 0.0
barrier_lowering_h = 0.0
df_dt, tau = trap[0].df_dt(
schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key],
n_bi,
p_bi,
poole_frenkel_e=poole_frenkel_e,
poole_frenkel_h=poole_frenkel_h,
barrier_lowering_e=barrier_lowering_e,
barrier_lowering_h=barrier_lowering_h,
use_mpmath=False,
debug=False)
df_bonding_interfaces[localized_trap_key] = df_dt
try:
max_dt = df_threshold / abs(df_dt)
except ZeroDivisionError:
max_dt = 1e250
if debug:
print '\nTrap:', trap[0].name
print 'time constant %2.2g s' % tau
print 'dF: %2.4g, th: %2.2f' % (df_dt, df_threshold)
print 'Max dt:', max_dt, 'dt:', dt
if dt > max_dt > delta_t_min:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
elif max_dt < delta_t_min:
if dt > 10 * max_dt:
if debug:
print 'Trap is too fast. Setting trap occupation to equilibrium value'
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = trap[
0].equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
fermi_level_at_bi,
electron_volts=False,
debug=False)
localized_traps_skip_list.append(localized_trap_key)
else:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
# fast_traps.append(bi.label + '_tilt_' + trap[0].name)
bi_tilt_f.append(bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key])
bi_twist_f = []
for trap in bi.dsl_twist.traps:
localized_trap_key = bi.label + '_twist_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
trap[0].trap_potential.get_potential_by_name(
'External Field').external_field = electric_field_at_bi
print 'EXT FIELD = %2.2g V*cm' % (electric_field_at_bi / 1e2)
print trap[0].trap_potential.barrier_lowering()
barrier_lowering_e = 0.0
barrier_lowering_h = 0.0
df_dt, tau = trap[0].df_dt(
schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key],
n_bi,
p_bi,
barrier_lowering_e=barrier_lowering_e,
barrier_lowering_h=barrier_lowering_h,
use_mpmath=False,
debug=False)
df_bonding_interfaces[localized_trap_key] = df_dt
try:
max_dt = df_threshold / abs(df_dt)
except ZeroDivisionError:
max_dt = 1e250
if debug:
print '\nTrap:', trap[0].name
print 'time constant %2.2g s' % tau
print 'dF: %2.4g, th: %2.2f' % (df_dt, df_threshold)
print 'Max dt:', max_dt, 'dt:', dt
if dt > max_dt > delta_t_min:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
elif max_dt < delta_t_min:
if dt > 10 * max_dt:
if debug:
print 'Trap is too fast. Setting trap occupation to equilibrium value'
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = trap[
0].equilibrium_f(schottky_diode.T,
schottky_diode.Semiconductor,
fermi_level,
electron_volts=False,
debug=False)
localized_traps_skip_list.append(localized_trap_key)
else:
if debug:
print 'Setting dt to', max_dt
dt = max_dt
# fast_traps.append(bi.label + '_twist_' + trap[0].name)
bi_twist_f.append(bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key])
bi.set_traps_f(np.array(bi_tilt_f), np.array(bi_twist_f))
bi.set_traps_df(np.zeros(len(bi_tilt_f)),
np.zeros(len(bi_twist_f)))
dt = np.float(dt)
for dopant in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.dopants:
dopant_key = dopant.name + '_F'
if dopant_key in dopants_skip_list:
if debug:
print '\nDopant', dopant.name, 'does not need an update'
continue
dopants_f_corr = dopants_f[dopant_key] + df_dopants[dopant_key] * dt
dopants_f_corr[np.where(dopants_f_corr > 1.0)] = 1.0
dopants_f_corr[np.where(dopants_f_corr < 0.0)] = 0.0
dopants_f_corr[np.where(
z_nodes >= z_limit_f)] = dopants_f_corr[z_limit_f_idx][-1]
dopant.set_F_interp(z_nodes, dopants_f_corr)
dopant.set_dF_interp(z_nodes, np.zeros_like(dopants_f_corr))
for bi in schottky_diode.Semiconductor.bonding_interfaces:
bi_tilt_f = []
for trap in bi.dsl_tilt.traps:
localized_trap_key = bi.label + '_tilt_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
if localized_trap_key not in localized_traps_skip_list:
bonding_interface_f[
localized_trap_key] += df_bonding_interfaces[
localized_trap_key] * dt
if bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] > 1:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = 1
elif bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] < 0:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = 0
if debug:
print 'F:', bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key]
bi_tilt_f.append(bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key])
bi_twist_f = []
for trap in bi.dsl_twist.traps:
localized_trap_key = bi.label + '_twist_' + trap[0].name + '_F'
if localized_trap_key not in localized_traps_skip_list:
bonding_interface_f[
localized_trap_key] += df_bonding_interfaces[
localized_trap_key] * dt
if bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] > 1:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = 1
elif bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] < 0:
bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key] = 0
if debug:
print 'F:', bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key]
bi_twist_f.append(bonding_interface_f[localized_trap_key])
bi.set_traps_f(np.array(bi_tilt_f), np.array(bi_twist_f))
bi.set_traps_df(np.zeros(len(bi_tilt_f)),
np.zeros(len(bi_twist_f)))
t += dt
if debug_plot:
plt.ioff()
return t_points, potential_t, field_d, z_t, diode_voltage_drop_t, current_density_t, \
bonding_interfaces_f_t, dopants_f_t, n_t, p_t, last_state_id