def main(close=True, show=True, save=False, file_names=("Fig9.pdf",)):
"""Plots to be used in the paper."""
print(f"\nRunning module \"{__name__}\" ...")
cases = c.get_data("cases", "US")
cases_padded, pad_sz = c.extrapolate(cases)
f0, f1 = 1/7.0, 1/8.0
y_el_1 = ellip_bf(cases_padded, f0, f1)[pad_sz:-pad_sz]
H = ellip_spec(f0, f1, 1024)
y_fft_1 = c.apply_spectrum(cases_padded, H)[pad_sz:-pad_sz]
start = 40
print("plot #1 begins on date: %s" % c.ind2datetime(start))
y_label = lambda x, p: "%.0fk" % (x/1000)
x = np.arange(0, max(cases[start:].shape), 1)
dz = np.zeros(len(x))
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fig, (ax3) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3.294), num=num)
ax3.fill_between(x, cases[start:], dz, alpha=0.1, color="#000000", label="daily cases")
ax3.plot(x, y_el_1[start:], linewidth=1.25, label="elliptic high-pass #1", linestyle=(0,(2,1)))
ax3.plot(x, y_fft_1[start:], linewidth=1.25, label="FFT high-pass #1", linestyle=(0,(9,9)))
ax3.set(xlabel='time [days]', ylabel='daily new cases')
ax3.get_yaxis().set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(y_label))
ax3.grid(True, alpha=0.2)
ax3.axis([min(x), max(x), -15000, 80000])
ax3.legend(loc='upper left', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
plt.tight_layout()
if show:
plt.show(block=False)
if save:
c.save_fig(fig, file_names[0])
def make_plot(phf,
x,
countries,
close=False,
show=True,
save=False,
file_name=None):
"""Create plot."""
days = ["S", "M", "T", "W", "T", "F", "S"]
xticks = np.arange(7.5, 21.5, 1.0) # xticks at 12-noon
labels = [days[int(n) % 7] for n in xticks]
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10.25, 2), num=num)
for n_co in range(len(countries)):
co = countries[n_co]
ax0 = plt.subplot2grid((1, 5), (0, n_co))
ax0.plot(x,
phf['cases'][co],
linewidth=1.25,
label="cases",
linestyle=(0, ()))
ax0.plot(x,
phf['deaths'][co],
linewidth=1.25,
label="deaths",
linestyle=(0, (6, 1)))
for n in range(7, 21, 2):
ax0.fill_between([n, n + 1], [-2, -2], [2, 2],
alpha=1.0,
color="#eeeeee")
ax0.axis([7, 21, -1.5, 1.2])
ax0.set_xticks(xticks)
ax0.set_xticklabels(labels, fontsize=6)
ax0.tick_params(axis="x", direction="in", pad=-10)
ax0.set_yticklabels('')
ax0.tick_params(axis=u'both', which=u'both', length=0)
ax0.set(xlabel='day of the week', title=co)
ax0.title.set_size(10)
if n_co == 4:
leg = ax0.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(1.11, 0.5),
loc='upper right',
prop={'size': 9},
handlelength=1.5,
framealpha=0.92)
leg.set_in_layout(False)
plt.tight_layout()
if show:
plt.show(block=False)
if save:
c.save_fig(fig, file_name)
def plot_signal_freqz(d, fs, filename):
plt.clf()
plt.plot(np.linspace(0, fs/1e3, len(d), endpoint=False), 20*np.log10(np.abs(np.fft.fft(d))))
plt.xlabel('f (kHz)')
plt.ylabel('Magnitude (dB)')
plt.tight_layout()
plt.grid('on', ls='dotted')
if filename:
save_fig(plt, filename)
def sync_phase_est_test():
#### 1#hide
alpna = np.linspace(0, np.pi/4, 10000)
a = np.cos(alpha)
b = np.sin(alpha)
alpha_e = (b/a)/(1+0.2815*(b/a)**2)
plt.clf()
plt.plot(alpha*180/np.pi, (alpha-alpha_e)*180/np.pi)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('angle (in degree)')
plt.ylabel('estimation error (in degree)')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_phase_est.png')#hide
def sample_phase(smp, ofst, filename):
fir_tx = rcosdesign(0.4, 5, 20, 'normal')
fir_tx = fir_tx/max(fir_tx)
plt.clf()
D = (len(fir_tx)-1)/2
x = np.arange(len(fir_tx)) - D - smp
l1 = plt.plot(x/20., fir_tx)
l3 = plt.plot(x/20.-1, fir_tx)
xm = np.array([-ofst, 0])
ym = [fir_tx[smp-ofst+D], fir_tx[smp+20+D]]
m1 = plt.plot(xm/20.0, ym, 'bs')
m1[0].set_color(l1[0].get_color())
plt.plot([0, 0], [-0.2, 1.2], 'b-.')
plt.plot([-ofst/20., -ofst/20.], [-0.2, 1.2], 'b-.')
add_annotate(0, fir_tx[smp+D+20], (-20, 0))
add_annotate(-ofst/20., fir_tx[smp+D-ofst], (-20, 0))
plt.grid('on', ls=":")
plt.xlabel('n (symbols)')
plt.xlim([-3, 3])
plt.ylim([-0.2, 1.2])
save_fig(plt, filename)
def rx_src_test():
#### 1#hide
s = np.cos(2*np.pi*1e6/24e6*np.arange(10000))
s2 = rx_src(s, 24e6, 24e6*(1+100e-6))
#### 2#hide
s3 = rx_src(s2, 24e6*(1+100e-6), 24e6)
np.mean(np.abs(s[100:len(s3)]-s3[100:]))#eval
#### 3#hide
plt.clf()
plt.subplot(121)
x = np.arange(10, 40)
plt.plot(x, s[x])
plt.plot(x, s2[x])
plt.xlabel('n')
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.legend(['s', 's2'])
plt.subplot(122)
x = x + 9937
plt.plot(x, s[x])
plt.plot(x, s2[x])
plt.xlabel('n')
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.legend(['s', 's2'])
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_rx_src_test.svg')
def sync_clk_bpsk_demo():
#### 1#hide
# parameters
Fs = 152000 # sample frequency(Hz)
Fd = 1187.5 # data rate(Hz)
CLK_OFFSET = 200e-6 # (+/-200ppm)
SNR = 7 # in dB
#### 2#hide
msg_bits = np.random.randint(0, 2, 1000)
# add PN sequence for frame synchronization
pn = sync_lfsr()
msg_cyc = np.hstack((pn, msg_bits, np.zeros(5, dtype=int)))
#### 3#hide
# differential encoding
bit_p = 0
for i in range(len(msg_cyc)):
msg_cyc[i] = np.bitwise_xor(bit_p, msg_cyc[i])
bit_p = msg_cyc[i]
#### 4#hide
# BPSK modulation
# in real case this may be replaced by a lookup table, rather than a filter
# generate the shaping filter
UP_SAMP = int(Fs/Fd)
UP_BASE = UP_SAMP//2
hf = np.zeros(np.ceil(UP_SAMP/2*UP_BASE/2).astype(int))
hf[:UP_BASE] = np.cos(np.pi/4*np.linspace(0, 2, UP_BASE))
hf = np.hstack((hf, hf[-1:0:-1]))
ht = np.fft.ifft(hf)
ht = np.hstack((ht[-1 - (len(ht)-1)//2-1-1:], ht[0:(len(ht)-1)//2]))
# hard coded here, 401 taps around center, just for simulation
ht = ht[2048-200:2048+201].real
#### 5#hide
# generate bi-phase symbol
msg_biphase = np.kron(msg_cyc*2-1, [1, -1])
# shaping filter
u = np.zeros(UP_BASE)
u[0] = 1
msg_shaping = scipy.signal.lfilter(ht, 1, np.kron(msg_biphase, u))*UP_BASE
#### 6#hide
# add clock error
msg_signal = rx_src(msg_shaping, Fs, Fs*(1+CLK_OFFSET))
# add noise
gain = 1.0/(np.sum(msg_signal*msg_signal)/len(msg_signal))/(Fs/Fd/4)
msg_signal = np.sqrt(gain)*msg_signal
noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, len(msg_signal))
noise *= 10**(-SNR/20)*np.sqrt(np.mean(msg_signal*msg_signal))*np.sqrt(UP_BASE)
msg_signal += noise
#### 7#hide
# BSKP demodulation
# down sampling by factor 8
rx_sig = msg_signal
fir_ds8 = scipy.signal.firwin2(40, [0, 4750./(Fs), 14250./(Fs), 1], [1, 1, 0, 0])
rx_sig = scipy.signal.lfilter(fir_ds8, 1, rx_sig)
rx_sig = rx_sig[::8]
#### 8#hide
# generate the matching filter
hf8 = np.zeros(int(UP_SAMP/8/2*UP_BASE/2))
hf8[:UP_BASE] = np.cos(np.pi/4*np.linspace(0, 2, UP_BASE))
hf8 = np.hstack((hf8, hf8[-1:0:-1]))
ht8 = np.fft.ifft(hf8)
ht8 = np.hstack((ht8[-1- (len(ht8)-1)//2-1-1:-1], ht8[:(len(ht8)-1)//2]))
# filter the signal from bit '1'
s = np.hstack((np.ones(8), -1*np.ones(8), np.zeros(len(ht8))))
fir_match = scipy.signal.lfilter(ht8, 1, s)
fir_match = fir_match[246:285].real
# match filtering
rx_sig = scipy.signal.lfilter(fir_match, 1, rx_sig)
#### 9#hide
# Timing recovery and BPSK demodulation
rx_bits, smp_time = sync_clk_bpsk(rx_sig, UP_SAMP/8, 1)
#### 10#hide
# differential decoding
rx_bits_diff = np.bitwise_xor(np.hstack(([0], rx_bits[:-1])), rx_bits)
# frame synchronization
sync_corr = scipy.signal.convolve(rx_bits_diff*2-1, np.flipud(pn)*2-1)
start = np.where(sync_corr > 80)[0]
if len(start) == 0:
print('Frame Header error!')
else:
print('Frame Header: %d at %d'%(sync_corr[start[0]], start[0]))
msg_rx = rx_bits_diff[start[0]+1:]
lenmin = min(len(msg_bits), len(msg_rx))
err = sum(abs(msg_bits[:lenmin] - msg_rx[:lenmin]))
print('BER: %f (%d/%d)'%(float(err)/lenmin, err, lenmin))
####
plt.clf()
plt.subplot(121)
plt.plot(ht)
plt.grid('on', ls=":")
plt.xlabel('n (samples)')
plt.ylabel('$h_T(n)$')
plt.subplot(122)
plt.plot(np.linspace(0, Fs, len(hf)), hf)
plt.grid('on', ls=":")
plt.xlim([0, Fd*3])
plt.xlabel('f (Hz)')
plt.ylabel('$H_T(f)$')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_bpsk_shaping.svg')
plt.clf()
s = np.hstack((np.ones(64), -1*np.ones(64), np.zeros(len(ht))))
sym = scipy.signal.lfilter(ht, 1, s)
x = np.arange(len(ht)/2-50, len(ht)/2+200)
plt.plot(x-266, sym[x])
plt.plot(x-266, -sym[x])
plt.grid('on', ls=":")
plt.legend(['bit 1', 'bit 0'])
plt.xlabel('n (samples)')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_bpsk_biphase.svg')
plt.clf()
plt.plot(rx_sig)
plt.plot(smp_time, rx_sig[smp_time], 'o')
plt.grid('on', ls=":")
plt.xlim([0, 400])
plt.xlabel('n (samples)')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_bpsk_sampling.png')
def sync_clk_demo():
#### 1#hide
Fsym = 1e6 # symbol rate
UPS = 8 # up sampling factor
Fs = Fsym*UPS # tx sampling rate
Fs_rx = Fs*(1+100e-6) # rx sampling rate with clock offset
DECISION = False # True --> hard decision, False --> use true signal
SNR = 30 # awgn (dB)
# Modulation
MODE = 4
PHASE_OFFSET = np.pi/MODE
# the maximum phase error without bit error
PHASE_SPACE = 2*np.pi/MODE/2
#mapping table for hard decision
PHASE = 2*np.pi/8*np.array([1, 3, -3, -1])
#### 2#hide
symbol = np.floor(MODE*np.random.rand(10000))
signal = np.exp(1j*(2*np.pi/MODE*symbol + PHASE_OFFSET))
# tx shaping filter
fir_tx = rcosdesign(0.4, 3, UPS)
s = np.kron(signal, np.concatenate((np.ones([1]), np.zeros([UPS-1]))))
s = scipy.signal.lfilter(fir_tx, 1, s)
# remove the filter delay
s = s[(len(fir_tx)-1)//2:]
#### 3#hide
# rx
# add timing error
r = rx_src(s, Fs, Fs_rx)
# add AWGN
noise = np.random.normal(0, 0.5, len(r)*2)
noise = noise[::2] + 1j*noise[1::2]
noise *= 10**(-SNR/20)*np.sqrt(np.mean(r*np.conj(r)).real)*np.sqrt(UPS)
r += noise
#### 3.1#hide
# match filter
fir_rx = rcosdesign(0.4, 3, UPS)
z = scipy.signal.lfilter(fir_rx, 1, r)
# remove the filter delay
z = z[(len(fir_rx)-1)//2:]
#### 4#hide
# estimated error
timing_err = 0.0
timing_err_p = 0.0
timing_err_i = 0.0
# hard & soft values and phase error of previous symbol
z_h_p, z_s_p, ph_e_p = 0, 0, 0
# index & counter for down-sampling by a factor of UPS
ds_idx, ds_cnt = 0, UPS-1
# timing recovery parameters
ORDER = 16 #the filter order in Fs sampling rate
M = 20 # up sampling factor
N = M # down sampling factor
flt = scipy.signal.firwin2(ORDER*M+1, [0, 0.5/M, 1.0/M, 1], [1, 1, 0, 0])
# only saving the right half coefficients
flt = flt[ORDER*M//2:]
flt = np.hstack((flt, np.zeros(M+1)))
# timing recovery block initialize value
alpha = 2*M
z_buf = np.zeros(ORDER+1, dtype=z.dtype)
for i in range(ORDER//2):
z_buf[ORDER//2-1-i] = z[i]
#### 5#hide
# output from the timing recovery block
z2 = np.zeros(np.ceil(len(z)*(1+200e-6)/N*M).astype(int), dtype=z.dtype)
# error display
ph_err = np.zeros(np.ceil(float(len(z))/UPS).astype(int), dtype=z.dtype)
terr_est = np.zeros(np.ceil(len(ph_err)).astype(int))
# symbol after timing recovery
z_out = np.zeros(np.ceil(len(ph_err)).astype(int), dtype=z.dtype)
# the current sample index from the timing recovery block
idx_tr = 0
# the index of next sample from the timing recovery block to be processed
idx_tr_p = 0
#### 6#hide
for i in range(ORDER//2, len(z)):
# shift in one data for timing recovery
z_buf = np.roll(z_buf, 1)
z_buf[0] = z[i]
# update the alpha
alpha -= M
# timing recovery
while alpha <= M:
output = 0
# left side
delta = M - alpha
for k in range(ORDER//2+1):
delta_i = int(delta+k*M)
delta_f = delta+k*M - delta_i
coeff_k = flt[delta_i]*(1-delta_f) + flt[delta_i+1]*delta_f
output += coeff_k*z_buf[ORDER//2-k]
# right side
delta2 = M-delta
for k in range(ORDER//2):
delta_i = int(delta2+k*M)
delta_f = delta2+k*M - delta_i
coeff_k = flt[delta_i]*(1-delta_f) + flt[delta_i+1]*delta_f
output += coeff_k*z_buf[ORDER//2+1+k]
#output
z2[idx_tr] = output*M
idx_tr += 1
# next output position
alpha += N
# compensate the timing error
alpha += timing_err
# down sampling by factor UPS, calculate the timing error,
while idx_tr_p < idx_tr:
# new input from the sampling rate conversion block
z_in = z2[idx_tr_p]
idx_tr_p += 1
ds_cnt += 1
# sampling for hard decision and timing error estimation
if ds_cnt >= UPS:
ds_cnt -= UPS
# hard decision
if DECISION == 0:
z_h = signal[ds_idx]
else:
ph = np.arctan2(z_in.imag, z_in.real)
b = np.argmin(np.abs(ph-PHASE))
z_h = np.exp(1j*PHASE[b])
# timing error calculating
e_c = z_in*np.conj(z_h)
ph_e = np.arctan2(e_c.imag, e_c.real)
# calibrate
if abs(ph_e_p) > PHASE_SPACE or abs(ph_e) > PHASE_SPACE:
tmer = 0
else:
tmerr = np.real(np.conj(z_h_p)*z_in - np.conj(z_h)*z_s_p)
# for next symbol
z_s_p, z_h_p, ph_e_p = z_in, z_h, ph_e
# PI controller
timing_err_i += tmerr*0.001
timing_err_p = tmerr*0.09
timing_err = timing_err_i + timing_err_p
# for plot #hide
terr_est[ds_idx] = timing_err #hide
z_out[ds_idx] = z_in #hide
ph_err[ds_idx] = e_c #hide
ds_idx += 1
#### figure
plt.figure(1)
plt.clf()
plt.scatter(z[::UPS].real, z[::UPS].imag)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_demo_r.png')
plt.figure(2)
plt.clf()
plt.plot(terr_est[:ds_idx])
plt.plot([0, ds_idx-1], [100e-6*20, 100e-6*20])
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('symbol')
plt.ylabel('timing err')
plt.legend(['estimated timing err', 'timing err'])
plt.ylim([-0.04, 0.04])
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_demo_err.png')
ph_err = ph_err[:ds_idx] # remove the empty tail
# measurement
e = ph_err[1:] - ph_err[:-1]
q = ph_err[1:]
##
IGNORE = 300
z_out = z_out[IGNORE:ds_idx]
plt.figure(3)
plt.clf()
plt.scatter(z_out.real, z_out.imag)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_demo_sym.png')
# devm parameters
rms_devm_thrd = 0.2
peak_devm_thrd = 0.35
devm_99_thrd = 0.3
##
e = e[IGNORE:]
q = q[IGNORE:]
hc = np.histogram(np.abs(e/q), [0, devm_99_thrd])
devm_99 = hc[0][0]/len(q)*100
rms_devm = np.sqrt(np.mean(e*np.conj(e))/np.mean(q*np.conj(q))).real
peak_dvem = np.sqrt(np.max(e*np.conj(e)) /(np.mean(q*np.conj(q)))).real
if rms_devm > rms_devm_thrd:
print('RMS DEVEM:%f, failed'%rms_devm)
else:
print('RMS DEVEM:%f, passed'%rms_devm)
if peak_dvem > peak_devm_thrd:
print('PEAK DEVEM:%f failed'%peak_dvem)
else:
print('PEAK DEVEM:%f passed'%peak_dvem)
if devm_99 < 99:
print('99 DEVEM:%f failed'%devm_99)
else:
print('99 DEVEM:%f passed'%devm_99)
def plot_sync_clock():
def add_annotate(x, y, offset, txt=None):
ant = plt.gca().annotate("", xy=(x, y), xytext=offset,
textcoords='offset points', ha='right', va='bottom',
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='->', connectionstyle='arc3,rad=0'))
if txt is None:
txt = '%0.2f'%(y)
ant.set_text(txt)
def sample_phase(smp, ofst, filename):
fir_tx = rcosdesign(0.4, 5, 20, 'normal')
fir_tx = fir_tx/max(fir_tx)
plt.clf()
D = (len(fir_tx)-1)/2
x = np.arange(len(fir_tx)) - D - smp
l1 = plt.plot(x/20., fir_tx)
l3 = plt.plot(x/20.-1, fir_tx)
xm = np.array([-ofst, 0])
ym = [fir_tx[smp-ofst+D], fir_tx[smp+20+D]]
m1 = plt.plot(xm/20.0, ym, 'bs')
m1[0].set_color(l1[0].get_color())
plt.plot([0, 0], [-0.2, 1.2], 'b-.')
plt.plot([-ofst/20., -ofst/20.], [-0.2, 1.2], 'b-.')
add_annotate(0, fir_tx[smp+D+20], (-20, 0))
add_annotate(-ofst/20., fir_tx[smp+D-ofst], (-20, 0))
plt.grid('on', ls=":")
plt.xlabel('n (symbols)')
plt.xlim([-3, 3])
plt.ylim([-0.2, 1.2])
save_fig(plt, filename)
fir_tx = rcosdesign(0.4, 5, 20, 'normal')
fir_tx = fir_tx/max(fir_tx)
plt.clf()
D = (len(fir_tx)-1)/2
smp = 5
ofst = 20
x = (np.arange(len(fir_tx)) - D - smp)
l1 = plt.plot(x/20.0, fir_tx)
l2 = plt.plot(x/20.0+1, fir_tx)
l3 = plt.plot(x/20.0-1, fir_tx)
xm = np.array([-ofst, 0, ofst])
plt.plot(xm/20.0, fir_tx[smp+xm+D], 'bo')
for x in xm:
plt.plot([x/20., x/20.], [-0.2, 1.2], 'b-.')
plt.plot([-smp/20., -smp/20.], [-0.2, 1.2], 'b-.')
gca().annotate(r'', xy=(0, 1), xytext=(-smp/20.0, 1), arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='<->'))
gca().annotate(r'$\tau$', xy=(0, 1), xytext=(-smp/20.0, 1.05))
plt.grid('on', ls=":")
plt.xlabel('n (symbols)')
xv = np.array([0, -20, 20, -40]) + smp + D
add_annotate(0, fir_tx[smp+D], (-20, 0), r'$f(\tau)$')
add_annotate(-ofst/20.0, fir_tx[smp+D-ofst], (-20, 0), r'$f(\tau-1)$')
add_annotate(+ofst/20.0, fir_tx[smp+D+ofst], (50, 10), r'$f(\tau+1)$')
plt.xlim([-3, 3])
plt.ylim([-0.2, 1.2])
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_mm.svg')
sample_phase(0, 20, '../doc/image/sync_clk_mm_optimal.svg')
sample_phase(5, 20, '../doc/image/sync_clk_mm_late.svg')
sample_phase(-5, 20, '../doc/image/sync_clk_mm_early.svg')
sample_phase(-5, 15, '../doc/image/sync_clk_mm_fast.svg')
sample_phase(5, 25, '../doc/image/sync_clk_mm_slow.svg')
plt.clf()
plt.stem(np.arange(-5, 5), np.random.rand(10), basefmt='b')
plt.plot([smp/20., smp/20.], [-0.2, 1.2], 'r-.')
add_annotate(smp/20., 0, (20, 0), r'$\tau$')
plt.ylim([-0.2, 1.2])
x = np.arange(len(fir_tx)) - D + smp
plt.grid('on', ls=":")
plt.xlabel('samples')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_cmp.svg')
l1 = plt.plot(x/20.0, fir_tx)
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_cmp2.svg')
plt.clf()
signal = np.ones(100)
signal[::2] = -1
# shaping filter
fir_tx = rcosdesign(0.4, 3, 24, 'normal')
fir_tx = fir_tx/max(fir_tx)
s = np.kron(signal, np.concatenate((np.ones([1]), np.zeros([24-1]))))
s = scipy.signal.lfilter(fir_tx, 1, s)
# remove the filter delay
s = s[(len(fir_tx)-1)/2:]
plt.plot(np.arange(0, len(s))/24., s)
plt.stem(np.arange(0, len(s), 24)/24., s[0::24], 'b-.', basefmt=' ')
plt.stem(np.arange(5, len(s), 24)/24., s[5::24], 'r-.', basefmt=' ')
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlim([1840/24., 1960/24.])
plt.xlabel('symbols')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_bpsk.svg')
plt.clf()
signal = np.floor(np.random.rand(100)+0.5)*2-1
s = np.kron(signal, np.concatenate((np.ones([1]), np.zeros([24-1]))))
s = scipy.signal.lfilter(fir_tx, 1, s)
plt.plot(np.arange(0, len(s))/24., s, 'b-o')
plt.plot(np.arange(12, len(s), 24)/24., s[12::24], 'ro')
plt.stem(np.arange(0, len(s), 24)/24., s[0::24], 'b-.', basefmt=' ')
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('symbols')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_bpsk_tr.svg')
plt.clf()
x = np.arange(len(fir_tx)) - len(fir_tx)/2
plt.plot(x/24., fir_tx)
x = np.array([-15, 0, 15])
plt.stem(x/24., fir_tx[x+len(fir_tx)/2], 'b-.', basefmt=' ')
add_annotate(x[0]/24., fir_tx[x[0]+len(fir_tx)/2], (40, -20), r'$r_{early}$')
add_annotate(x[1]/24., fir_tx[x[1]+len(fir_tx)/2], (0, -20), r'$r_{on}$')
add_annotate(x[2]/24., fir_tx[x[2]+len(fir_tx)/2], (-20, -20), r'$r_{late}$')
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('symbols')
plt.xlim([-25/24., 25/24.])
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_bpsk_opt.svg')
plt.clf()
x = np.arange(len(fir_tx)) - len(fir_tx)/2
plt.plot(x/24., fir_tx)
x = np.array([-15, 0, 15])-5
plt.stem(x/24., fir_tx[x+len(fir_tx)/2], 'b-.', basefmt=' ')
add_annotate(x[0]/24., fir_tx[x[0]+len(fir_tx)/2], (40, -20), r'$r_{early}$')
add_annotate(x[1]/24., fir_tx[x[1]+len(fir_tx)/2], (0, -20), r'$r_{on}$')
add_annotate(x[2]/24., fir_tx[x[2]+len(fir_tx)/2], (-20, -20), r'$r_{late}$')
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('symbols')
plt.xlim([-25/24., 25/24.])
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_bpsk_early.svg')
plt.clf()
x = np.arange(len(fir_tx)) - len(fir_tx)/2
plt.plot(x/24., fir_tx)
x = np.array([-15, 0, 15])+5
plt.stem(x/24., fir_tx[x+len(fir_tx)/2], 'b-.', basefmt=' ')
add_annotate(x[0]/24., fir_tx[x[0]+len(fir_tx)/2], (40, -20), r'$r_{early}$')
add_annotate(x[1]/24., fir_tx[x[1]+len(fir_tx)/2], (0, -20), r'$r_{on}$')
add_annotate(x[2]/24., fir_tx[x[2]+len(fir_tx)/2], (-20, -20), r'$r_{late}$')
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('symbols')
plt.xlim([-25/24., 25/24.])
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_clk_bpsk_late.svg')
def sync_error_plot():
# plot tx signal
plt.clf()
signal = np.exp(1j*(2*np.pi/4*np.arange(4)+np.pi/4))
plt.scatter(signal.real, signal.imag)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('real')
plt.ylabel('imag')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_rx_ideal.svg')
plt.clf()
signal = signal * np.exp(1j*np.pi/8)
plt.scatter(signal.real, signal.imag)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('real')
plt.ylabel('imag')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_rx_phi.svg')
plt.clf()
symbol = np.floor(4*np.random.rand(100))
signal = np.exp(1j*(2*np.pi/4*symbol+np.pi/4))
signal = signal * np.exp(1j*np.pi*np.arange(100)/1000)
plt.scatter(signal.real, signal.imag)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('real')
plt.ylabel('imag')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_rx_df.svg')
plt.clf()
signal = np.exp(1j*(np.pi/4))
plt.scatter(signal.real, signal.imag)
plt.gca().annotate(r'', xy=(0, 0), xytext=(signal.real, signal.imag),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='<-'))
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('real')
plt.ylabel('imag')
rx = signal * np.exp(1j*np.pi/8)
plt.gca().annotate(r'', xy=(0, 0), xytext=(rx.real, rx.imag),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='<-'))
plt.scatter(rx.real, rx.imag)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('real')
plt.ylabel('imag')
plt.xlim([0, 1])
plt.ylim([0, 1])
plt.legend(['estimated signal', 'received signal'])
angle_plot = get_angle_plot(signal, rx, 1)
plt.gca().add_patch(angle_plot)
plt.gca().text(0.3, 0.45, r'$\phi_e$')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_rx_phase_error.svg')
angle_plot = get_angle_plot(signal, rx, 2)
plt.gca().add_patch(angle_plot)
k = signal.imag/signal.real
x2 = (k*rx.imag+rx.real)/(1+k*k)
y2 = k*x2
plt.plot([rx.real, x2], [rx.imag, y2], 'b')
x3 = x2 - 0.05
y3 = y2
x4 = (k*y3+x3)/(1+k*k)
y4 = k*x4
b = y2 + 1/k*x2
x5 = (-1/k*y3+x3+(b*1/k))/(1+1/(k*k))
y5 = b - 1/k*x5
plt.plot([x3, x4], [y3, y4], 'b')
plt.plot([x3, x5], [y3, y5], 'b')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_rx_phase_error_approx.svg')
plt.clf()
signal = np.exp(1j*(np.pi/4))
plt.scatter(signal.real, signal.imag)
signal2 = signal*np.exp(1j*(np.pi/2))
plt.scatter(signal2.real, signal2.imag)
plt.gca().annotate(r'', xy=(0, 0), xytext=(signal.real, signal.imag),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='<-'))
plt.gca().annotate(r'', xy=(0, 0), xytext=(signal2.real, signal2.imag),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='<-'))
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('real')
plt.ylabel('imag')
rx = signal * np.exp(1j*(np.pi/8+np.pi/2))
plt.gca().annotate(r'', xy=(0, 0), xytext=(rx.real, rx.imag),
arrowprops=dict(arrowstyle='<-'))
plt.scatter(rx.real, rx.imag)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('real')
plt.ylabel('imag')
plt.xlim([-1, 1])
plt.ylim([0, 1])
plt.legend(['true signal', 'estimated signal', 'received signal'])
angle_plot = get_angle_plot(signal, rx, 0.5)
plt.gca().add_patch(angle_plot)
plt.gca().text(-0.1, 0.3, r'$\phi_e$')
angle_plot = get_angle_plot(signal2, rx, 1)
plt.gca().add_patch(angle_plot)
plt.gca().text(-0.55, 0.3, r'$\hat{\phi}_e$')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_rx_phase_error_large.svg')
def main(close=True, show=True, save=False, file_names=("Fig6.pdf", "Fig7.pdf", "Fig8.pdf",)):
"""Plots to be used in the paper."""
print(f"\nRunning module \"{__name__}\" ...")
deaths = c.get_data("deaths", "US")
deaths_padded, pad_sz = c.extrapolate(deaths)
m_ave = seven_day_ave_manual(deaths_padded)[pad_sz-3:-(pad_sz-3)] # moving average
wp, ws = 1/9, 1/8
y_el_1 = ellip_bf(deaths_padded, wp, ws)[pad_sz:-pad_sz] # elliptic
H = ellip_spec(wp, ws, 1024)
y_fft_1 = c.apply_spectrum(deaths_padded, H)[pad_sz:-pad_sz] # FFT
wp, ws = 1/21, 1/19
y_el_2 = ellip_bf(deaths_padded, wp, ws)[pad_sz:-pad_sz] # elliptic
H = ellip_spec(wp, ws, 1024)
y_fft_2 = c.apply_spectrum(deaths_padded, H)[pad_sz:-pad_sz] # FFT
start = 100
print("plots #1, #2, and #3 begin on date: %s" % c.ind2datetime(start))
y_lables = lambda x, p: "%.1fk" % (x/1000)
x = np.arange(0, max(deaths[start:].shape), 1)
dz = np.zeros(len(x))
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fig1, (ax1) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3), num=num)
ax1.fill_between(x, deaths[start:], dz, alpha=0.1, color="#000000", label="daily deaths")
ax1.plot(x, m_ave[start:], linewidth=1.25, label="moving average")
ax1.set(xlabel='time [days]', ylabel='daily new deaths')
ax1.get_yaxis().set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(y_lables))
ax1.grid(True, alpha=0.2)
ax1.axis([min(x), max(x), 0, 2500])
ax1.legend(loc='upper right', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
plt.tight_layout()
y_lables = lambda x, p: "%.1fk" % (x/1000)
x = np.arange(0, max(deaths[start:].shape), 1)
dz = np.zeros(len(x))
num += 1
fig2, (ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3), num=num)
ax2.fill_between(x, deaths[start:], dz, alpha=0.1, color="#000000", label="daily deaths")
ax2.plot(x, y_el_1[start:], linewidth=1.25, label="elliptic low-pass #1", linestyle=(0,(2,1)))
ax2.plot(x, y_fft_1[start:], linewidth=1.25, label="FFT low-pass #1", linestyle=(0,(9,9)))
ax2.set(xlabel='time [days]', ylabel='daily new deaths')
ax2.get_yaxis().set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(y_lables))
ax2.grid(True, alpha=0.2)
ax2.axis([min(x), max(x), 0, 2500])
ax2.legend(loc='upper right', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
plt.tight_layout()
y_lables = lambda x, p: "%.1fk" % (x/1000)
x = np.arange(0, max(deaths[start:].shape), 1)
dz = np.zeros(len(x))
num += 1
fig4, (ax4) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3), num=num)
ax4.fill_between(x, deaths[start:], dz, alpha=0.1, color="#000000", label="daily deaths")
ax4.plot(x, y_el_2[start:], linewidth=1.25, label="elliptic low-pass #2", linestyle=(0,(2,1)))
ax4.plot(x, y_fft_2[start:], linewidth=1.25, label="FFT low-pass #2", linestyle=(0,(9,9)))
ax4.set(xlabel='time [days]', ylabel='daily new deaths')
ax4.get_yaxis().set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(y_lables))
ax4.grid(True, alpha=0.2)
ax4.axis([min(x), max(x), 0, 2500])
ax4.legend(loc='upper right', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
plt.tight_layout()
if show:
plt.show(block=False)
if save:
c.save_fig(fig1, file_names[0])
c.save_fig(fig2, file_names[1])
c.save_fig(fig4, file_names[2])
def main(close=True,
show=True,
save=False,
file_names=(
"Fig10.pdf",
"Fig11.pdf",
"FigUnused_BP.pdf",
)):
"""Plots to be used in the paper."""
print(f"\nRunning module \"{__name__}\" ...")
cases = c.get_data("cases", "US")
deaths = c.get_data("deaths", "US")
# Extrapolation
cases_padded, pad_sz = c.extrapolate(cases)
deaths_padded, pad_sz = c.extrapolate(deaths)
numPts = 1024
# first plot
wp, ws = [1 / 8.0, 1 / 6.0], [1 / 9.0, 1 / 5.0]
y_el_1 = ellip_bf(cases_padded, wp, ws)[pad_sz:-pad_sz] # elliptic
H_1 = ellip_spec(wp, ws, numPts)
y_fft_1 = c.apply_spectrum(cases_padded, H_1)[pad_sz:-pad_sz] # FFT
start1 = 40
print("plot #1 begins on date: %s" % c.ind2datetime(start1))
y1_lables = lambda x, p: "%.0fk" % (x / 1000)
x1 = np.arange(0, max(cases[start1:].shape), 1)
dz = np.zeros(len(x1))
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fig1, (ax1) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3.294), num=num)
ax1.fill_between(x1,
cases[start1:],
dz,
alpha=0.1,
color="#000000",
label="daily deaths")
ax1.plot(x1,
y_el_1[start1:],
linewidth=1.25,
label="elliptic band-pass #1",
linestyle=(0, (2, 1)))
ax1.plot(x1,
y_fft_1[start1:],
linewidth=1.25,
label="FFT band-pass #1",
linestyle=(0, (9, 9)))
ax1.get_yaxis().set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(y1_lables))
ax1.grid(True, alpha=0.2)
ax1.legend(loc='upper left', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
ax1.set(xlabel='time [days]')
ax1.set(ylabel='daily new cases')
ax1.axis([0, max(y_fft_1[start1:].shape) - 1, -15000, 80000])
plt.tight_layout()
# second plot
wp, ws = [1 / 19, 1 / 9.0], [1 / 21.0, 1 / 8.0]
y_el_2 = ellip_bf(deaths_padded, wp, ws)[pad_sz:-pad_sz] # elliptic
H_2 = ellip_spec(wp, ws, numPts)
y_fft_2 = c.apply_spectrum(deaths_padded, H_2)[pad_sz:-pad_sz]
start3 = 100
print("plot #2 begins on date: %s" % c.ind2datetime(start3))
y3_lables = lambda x, p: "%.1fk" % (x / 1000)
x3 = np.arange(0, max(deaths[start3:].shape), 1)
dz = np.zeros(len(x3))
num += 1
fig3, (ax3) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3.3), num=num)
ax3.fill_between(x3,
deaths[start3:],
dz,
alpha=0.1,
color="#000000",
label="daily deaths")
ax3.plot(x3,
y_el_2[start3:],
linewidth=1.25,
label="elliptic band-pass #2",
linestyle=(0, (2, 1)))
ax3.plot(x3,
y_fft_2[start3:],
linewidth=1.25,
label="FFT band-pass #2",
linestyle=(0, (9, 9)))
ax3.get_yaxis().set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(y3_lables))
ax3.grid(True, alpha=0.2)
ax3.legend(loc='upper right', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
ax3.set(xlabel='time [days]')
ax3.set(ylabel='daily new deaths')
ax3.axis([0, max(y_fft_2[start3:].shape) - 1, -250, 2500])
plt.tight_layout()
# third plot - To check if second plot contains any energy leaking
# in from bandwidth associated with the seven-day oscillation.
f = np.arange(0, numPts) / numPts
d_dt_deaths = c.deriv_fft(deaths)
Z = np.abs(np.fft.fft(d_dt_deaths, n=int(numPts)) / numPts)
norm_val = np.max(
Z[int(numPts * 0.1 +
0.5):int(numPts * 0.5 +
0.5)]) # normalize to max value above 0.1 and 0.5
Z_deaths = Z / norm_val
dz = np.zeros(len(f))
num += 1
sbStyle = (0, (1, 1))
pbStyle = (0, (2, 1))
fig4, (ax4) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(6, 3.3), num=num)
ax4.plot(np.array([wp[0]] * 2),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#666666',
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=pbStyle,
label="\"pass-band\"")
ax4.plot(np.array([wp[1]] * 2),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#666666',
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=pbStyle)
ax4.plot(np.array([ws[0]] * 2),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=sbStyle,
label="\"stop-band\"")
ax4.plot(np.array([ws[1]] * 2),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=sbStyle)
ax4.fill_between(f,
Z_deaths,
dz,
label="full spectrum",
color="#555500",
alpha=0.1)
ax4.plot(f,
Z_deaths * np.abs(H_2),
label="plotted spectrum",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, ()))
ax4.set(title="The spectrum plotted for \"Band-Pass #2\"",
xlabel='frequency [1/day]',
ylabel='magnitude [1]')
ax4.title.set_size(10)
ax4.axis([0, 0.5, -0.0, 1.05])
ax4.legend(loc='upper right',
prop={'size': 9},
handlelength=2,
framealpha=0.92)
plt.tight_layout()
if show:
plt.show(block=False)
if save:
c.save_fig(fig1, file_names[0])
c.save_fig(fig3, file_names[1])
c.save_fig(fig4, file_names[2])
def main(close=True,
show=True,
save=False,
file_names=(
"Fig4.pdf",
"Fig5.pdf",
"FigUnused_FR.pdf",
)):
"""Filter response plots used in the paper."""
print(f"\nRunning module \"{__name__}\" ...")
f, H = get_ellip_l1()
H_lp1_x2 = H * H
H_El_lp1_x2_db = 20 * np.log10(np.abs(H_lp1_x2))
f, H = get_ellip_l2()
H_lp2_x2 = H * H
H_El_lp2_x2_db = 20 * np.log10(np.abs(H_lp2_x2))
f, H = get_ellip_h1()
H_hp1_x2 = H * H
H_El_hp1_x2_db = 20 * np.log10(np.abs(H_hp1_x2))
f, H = get_ellip_bp1()
H_bp1_x2 = H * H
H_El_bp1_x2_db = 20 * np.log10(np.abs(H_bp1_x2))
f, H = get_ellip_bp2()
H_bp2_x2 = H * H
H_El_bp2_x2_db = 20 * np.log10(np.abs(H_bp2_x2))
f, H_ma = get_7day_ave()
H_ma_db = 20 * np.log10(np.abs(H_ma))
ma_angles = np.unwrap(np.angle(H_ma)) # phase response
def y_label(x, p):
if x / np.pi == 0:
s = r" 0"
elif x / np.pi == 1:
s = r"$\pi$"
elif x / np.pi == -1:
s = r"-$\pi$"
else:
s = r"%.1f$\pi$" % (x / np.pi)
return s
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fStyle = (0, (1, 1))
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fig1, (ax1) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3), num=num)
ax1.plot(np.array([1 / 7, 1 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax1.plot(np.array([2 / 7, 2 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax1.plot(np.array([3 / 7, 3 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax1.plot(f, H_ma_db, label="moving average", linewidth=1.25)
ax1.plot(f,
H_El_lp2_x2_db,
label="elliptic low-pass #2",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, (7, 1)))
ax1.plot(f,
H_El_hp1_x2_db,
label="elliptic high-pass #1",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, (3, 1)))
ax1.set(xlabel='frequency [1/day]', ylabel='magnitude [dB]')
ax1.legend(loc='lower right', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
ax1.axis([0.0, 0.5, -120, +5])
plt.tight_layout()
num += 1
fig2, (ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 2), num=num)
ax2.plot(np.array([1 / 7, 1 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax2.plot(np.array([2 / 7, 2 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax2.plot(np.array([3 / 7, 3 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax2.plot(f, ma_angles, label="moving average", linewidth=1.25)
ax2.yaxis.set_major_locator(plt.MultipleLocator(np.pi / 1))
ax2.get_yaxis().set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(y_label))
ax2.set(xlabel='frequency [1/day]', ylabel='phase angle')
ax2.legend(loc='upper center', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
ax2.axis([0.0, 0.5, -np.pi * 1.2, np.pi * 1.2])
plt.tight_layout()
num += 1
fig3, (ax3) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3), num=num)
ax3.plot(np.array([1 / 7, 1 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax3.plot(np.array([2 / 7, 2 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax3.plot(np.array([3 / 7, 3 / 7]),
np.array([-999, 999]),
'#bbbbbb',
linewidth=1.0,
linestyle=fStyle)
ax3.plot(f,
H_El_lp2_x2_db,
label="elliptic low-pass #1",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, ()))
ax3.plot(f,
H_El_bp1_x2_db,
label="elliptic band-pass #1",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, (7, 1)))
ax3.plot(f,
H_El_bp2_x2_db,
label="elliptic band-pass #2",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, (3, 1)))
ax3.legend(loc='lower right', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
ax3.set(xlabel='frequency [1/day]', ylabel='magnitude [dB]')
ax3.set(title="Elliptic filter frequency responses",
xlabel='frequency [1/day]',
ylabel='magnitude [1]')
ax3.axis([0.0, 0.5, -50, +5])
plt.tight_layout()
if show:
plt.show(block=False)
if save:
c.save_fig(fig1, file_names[0])
c.save_fig(fig2, file_names[1])
c.save_fig(fig3, file_names[2])
def main(close=True, show=True, save=False, file_names=("Fig1.pdf",)):
"""Create and save frequency spectrum plot for time series (deaths
and cases)."""
print(f"\nRunning module \"{__name__}\" ...")
# some variables
# countries = ["United Kingdom", "Brazil", "US", "Mexico", "South Africa", "Russia"]
# countries = ["United Kingdom", "Brazil", "US", "Mexico", "Argentina", "Kenya"]
countries = ["United Kingdom", "Brazil", "US", "Mexico", "Argentina", "Switzerland"]
start = 65
end = c.num_days()
print("total days: %d, date range: %s, %s" % (end-start, c.ind2datetime(start), c.ind2datetime(end)))
print("end-start/7 = %f, (end-start)/3.5 = %f" % ((end-start)/7.0, (end-start)/3.5))
# Create the data
p_data = dict()
for country in countries:
cases = c.get_data("cases", "global", country=country)
deaths = c.get_data("deaths", "global", country=country)
f, Z_cases = process_data(cases, start, end)
f, Z_deaths = process_data(deaths, start, end)
p_data[country] = {"cases": Z_cases, "deaths": Z_deaths, "f": f}
# Plot the data
axis = [0, 0.5, -0.0, 1.05]
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10.25, 3), num=num)
fStyle = (0,(1,1))
for row in range(2):
for col in range(3):
country = countries[col + row*3]
sub_p_data = p_data[country]
Z_cases = sub_p_data["cases"]
Z_deaths = sub_p_data["deaths"]
f = sub_p_data["f"]
ax0 = plt.subplot2grid((2, 3), (row, col), colspan=1)
ax0.plot(np.array([1/7, 1/7]), np.array([-999, 999]), '#bbbbbb', linewidth=1.0, linestyle=fStyle)
ax0.plot(np.array([2/7, 2/7]), np.array([-999, 999]), '#bbbbbb', linewidth=1.0, linestyle=fStyle)
ax0.plot(np.array([3/7, 3/7]), np.array([-999, 999]), '#bbbbbb', linewidth=1.0, linestyle=fStyle)
ax0.plot(f, Z_cases, label="cases", linewidth=1.25)
ax0.plot(f, Z_deaths, label="deaths", linewidth=1.25, linestyle=(0,(7,1)))
ax0.set(title=country)
ax0.title.set_size(10)
ax0.get_xaxis().set_tick_params(direction='in')
ax0.get_yaxis().set_tick_params(direction='in')
ax0.axis(axis)
if row == 1:
ax0.set(xlabel='frequency [1/day]')
else:
ax0.set_xticklabels('')
if col == 0:
ax0.set(ylabel='magnitude')
else:
ax0.set_yticklabels('')
if (row, col) == (0, 2):
ax0.legend(bbox_to_anchor=(1.05, 1.3), loc='upper right', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2, framealpha=0.92)
plt.tight_layout()
if show:
plt.show(block=False)
if save:
c.save_fig(fig, file_names[0])
def main(close=True,
show=True,
save=False,
file_names=(
"Fig12.pdf",
"Fig13.pdf",
)):
"""Plot frequency and phase response of derivative algorithms."""
print(f"\nRunning module \"{__name__}\" ...")
f, H_cd = get_cent_diff()
H_cda = np.abs(H_cd)
H_cd_ph = np.angle(H_cd)
f, H_fd = get_first_diff()
H_fda = np.abs(H_fd)
H_fd_ph = np.angle(H_fd)
f, H_fft = get_fft_deriv()
H_ffta = np.abs(H_fft)
H_fft_ph = np.angle(H_fft)
def y_label(x, p):
ad = {1 / 2: r"$\pi/2$", 0: r"$0$", -1 / 2: r"$-\pi/2$"}
try:
s = ad[x / np.pi]
except KeyError:
s = r"%.1f$\pi$" % (x / np.pi)
return s
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fig2, (ax2) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 2), num=num)
ax2.plot(f, H_fft_ph, label="frequency domain", linewidth=1.25)
ax2.plot(f,
H_fd_ph,
label="first difference",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, (7, 1)))
ax2.plot(f,
H_cd_ph,
label="central difference",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, (3, 1)))
ax2.set(xlabel='frequency [1/day]', ylabel='phase angle')
ax2.legend(loc='center left',
prop={'size': 9},
handlelength=2,
bbox_to_anchor=(0.0, 0.425))
ax2.yaxis.set_major_locator(plt.MultipleLocator(np.pi / 2))
ax2.get_yaxis().set_major_formatter(ticker.FuncFormatter(y_label))
ax2.axis([0.0, 0.5, -np.pi * 0.5 * 1.2, np.pi * 0.5 * 1.2])
plt.tight_layout()
num += 1
fig1, (ax1) = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(5, 3), num=num)
ax1.plot(f, H_ffta, label="frequency domain", linewidth=1.25)
ax1.plot(f,
H_fda,
label="first difference",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, (7, 1)))
ax1.plot(f,
H_cda,
label="central difference",
linewidth=1.25,
linestyle=(0, (3, 1)))
ax1.set(xlabel='frequency [1/day]', ylabel='magnitude [1]')
ax1.legend(loc='upper left', prop={'size': 9}, handlelength=2)
ax1.axis([0.0, 0.5, 0, np.pi])
plt.tight_layout()
if show:
plt.show(block=False)
if save:
c.save_fig(fig2, file_names[0])
c.save_fig(fig1, file_names[1])
def sync_freq_demo():
#### 1#hide
# parameters
Fsym = 1e6 # symbol rate
UPS = 8 # up-sampling factor
Fif = 2e6 # IF frequency
# IF frequency delta at receiver side with frequency error
Fif_prime = Fif + 20e3
Fif_phi = 0.1
Fs = Fsym*UPS # sampling frequency
SNR = 30 # awgn (dB)
# Modulation
MODE = 4
PHASE_OFFSET = np.pi/MODE
# the maximum phase error without bit error
PHASE_SPACE = 2*np.pi/MODE/2
#mapping table for hard decision
PHASE = 2*np.pi/8*np.array([1, 3, -3, -1])
# True --> hard decision; False --> use tx data
DECISION = False
#### 2#hide
# generate the PSK signal
symbol = np.floor(MODE*np.random.rand(10000))
signal = np.exp(1j*(2*np.pi/MODE*symbol + PHASE_OFFSET))
# tx shaping filter
fir_tx = rcosdesign(0.4, 5, UPS)
s = np.kron(signal, np.concatenate((np.ones([1]), np.zeros([UPS-1]))))
s = scipy.signal.lfilter(fir_tx, 1, s)
# remove the filter delay
s = s[(len(fir_tx)-1)//2:]
plot_signal_freqz(s, Fs, '../doc/image/sync_demo_tx.png')#hide
#### 3#hide
# rx
# modulation with IF to simulate a received signal after ADC
r = np.real(s*np.exp(1j*2*np.pi*Fif/Fs*np.arange(len(s)))+Fif_phi)
# add AWGN
noise = np.random.normal(0, 1, len(r))
noise *= 10**(-SNR/20)*np.sqrt(np.mean(r*r))*np.sqrt(UPS)
r += noise
plot_signal_freqz(r, Fs, '../doc/image/sync_demo_rx.png')#hide
#### 3.1#hide
# match filter
fir_rx = rcosdesign(0.4, 3, UPS)
r_buf = np.zeros(len(fir_rx), dtype=complex)
# frequency synchronization
q = np.zeros(np.ceil(len(s)/float(UPS)).astype(int), dtype=complex)
q_est = np.zeros(np.ceil(len(s)/float(UPS)).astype(int), dtype=complex)
freq_est = np.zeros(np.ceil(len(q)).astype(int))
# estimated error
ph_nco = 2*np.pi*(Fif_prime)/Fs
freq_err = 0.0
freq_err_i = 0.0
freq_err_d = 0.0
#### 4#hide
index = 0
# down sampling by a factor of UPS, then estimate the frequency error,
# assume no clock error and sampling at best phase
for i in range(0, len(r)):
# step 1: NCO for frequency synchronization & frequency error compensation
ph_nco = ph_nco - freq_err - 2*np.pi*(Fif_prime)/Fs
if ph_nco > np.pi:
ph_nco -= 2*np.pi
elif ph_nco < -np.pi:
ph_nco += 2*np.pi
# step 2: down shift
r_b = 2*r[i]*np.exp(1j*ph_nco)
# step 3: filtering
r_buf = np.roll(r_buf, 1)
r_buf[0] = r_b
r_b = np.sum(r_buf*fir_rx)
# step 4: down-sampling by a factor of 8
if i >= (len(fir_rx)-1)/2 and i%UPS == 0:
# step 5: received signal
z_in = r_b
q_est[index] = z_in
# step 6: decision
if DECISION == 0:
q_h = signal[index]
else:
# find the closest point on constellation
p = np.arctan2(q_est[index].imag, q_est[index].real)
b = np.argmin(np.abs(p-PHASE))
q_h = np.exp(1j*PHASE[b])
# step 7: estimate frequency error
# remove the signal phase
q[index] = q_est[index]*np.conj(q_h)
# phase error ~ [-pi, pi]
phi_e = np.arctan2(q[index].imag, q[index].real)
# step 8: PI controller
freq_err_i = freq_err_i + phi_e*0.01/UPS
freq_err_d = phi_e*0.2/UPS
freq_err = freq_err_i + freq_err_d
freq_est[index] = freq_err
index += 1
####
# plot received signal
figure(1)
clf()
# down shift
rd = 2*r*np.exp(1j*(2*np.pi*-(Fif_prime)/Fs*np.arange(len(s))))
z = scipy.signal.lfilter(fir_rx, 1, rd)
# remove the filter delay
z = z[(len(fir_rx)-1)//2:]
plt.scatter(z[::UPS].real, z[::UPS].imag)
plt.scatter(q_est[50:].real, q_est[50:].imag)
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
plt.xlabel('real')
plt.ylabel('imag')
plt.legend(['without freq sync', 'with freq sync'])
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_demo_scatter.png')
# estimated phase error
plt.figure(2)
plt.clf()
plt.plot(freq_est[:index])
plt.xlabel('n (samples)')
plt.ylabel('e[n]')
plt.title('Estimated Phase Error')
plt.grid('on', ls=':')
save_fig(plt, '../doc/image/sync_demo_err.png')
def main(close=True,
show=True,
save=False,
rt="deaths",
region="global",
country="Brazil",
state=None,
file_names=("Fig2.pdf", )):
"""time segment FFT analysis.
keyword args
close: close plots (boolean)
show: show plots (boolean)
save: save plots (boolean)
rt: record type ("deaths" or "cases")
region: global or US
country: country name
state: name of US State
returns
None
"""
print(f"\nRunning module \"{__name__}\" ...")
start = 35
data = c.get_data(rt, region, country=country, state=state)
data = data[start:]
data_d_dt = c.deriv_fft(data)
winSz = 25
print("time-spectrum start date: %s" % (c.ind2datetime(start)))
print("initial window center: %s" % (c.ind2datetime(start + winSz / 2)))
print("final window center: %s" %
(c.ind2datetime(start + len(data) - 1 - winSz / 2)))
print("sliding window size: %d" % (winSz))
N = 1024 # % pts in FFT
numSamps = len(data)
numHops = numSamps - winSz # 1 sample hops (sliding window)
# set frequency range used for plotting
minFreq = 0.0
maxFreq = 0.5
minFreq_ind = int(N * minFreq + 0.5)
maxFreq_ind = int(N * maxFreq + 0.5)
# set frequency range used for normnalization
normCutMinFreq = 0.1
normCutMaxFreq = 0.5
normCutMinFreq_ind = int(N * normCutMinFreq + 0.5)
normCutMaxFreq_ind = int(N * normCutMaxFreq + 0.5)
Z = np.zeros([numHops, maxFreq_ind - minFreq_ind])
Z_hanning = np.zeros([numHops, maxFreq_ind - minFreq_ind])
Z_d_dt = np.zeros([numHops, maxFreq_ind - minFreq_ind])
b_start = 0
b_stop = winSz
for n in range(numHops):
xr = data[b_start:b_stop]
X = np.fft.fft(xr, n=N) / N
X = np.abs(X[:N // 2])
Z[n] = X[minFreq_ind:maxFreq_ind] / np.max(
X[normCutMinFreq_ind:normCutMaxFreq_ind])
xr = data[b_start:b_stop]
X = np.fft.fft(xr * np.hanning(winSz), n=N) / N
X = np.abs(X[:N // 2])
Z_hanning[n] = X[minFreq_ind:maxFreq_ind] / np.max(
X[normCutMinFreq_ind:normCutMaxFreq_ind])
xr = data_d_dt[b_start:b_stop]
X = np.fft.fft(xr, n=N) / N
X = np.abs(X[:N // 2])
Z_d_dt[n] = X[minFreq_ind:maxFreq_ind] / np.max(
X[normCutMinFreq_ind:normCutMaxFreq_ind])
b_start += 1
b_stop += 1
# clip values that exceed unity.
Z = np.clip(Z, 0, 1)
Z_hanning = np.clip(Z_hanning, 0, 1)
Z_d_dt = np.clip(Z_d_dt, 0, 1)
# interp = None # smallest size
interp = 'sinc'
colors = cm.Blues_r
# colors = cm.magma # largest size, percetual color map
# colors = cm.gray # smallest size
xMin = winSz * 0.5
xMax = winSz * 0.5 + Z.shape[0]
num = c.next_fig_num(close)
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10.25, 2.3), num=num)
# --------------------------------------------------------------
ax0 = plt.subplot2grid((1, 3), (0, 0))
ax0.imshow(np.flipud(Z.transpose(1, 0)),
interpolation=interp,
cmap=colors,
extent=(xMin, xMax, minFreq, maxFreq),
aspect='auto')
ax0.set(xlabel='time [days]',
title="Square Window",
ylabel='frequency [1/day]')
ax0.title.set_size(10)
ax0.yaxis.set_major_locator(plt.MultipleLocator(0.1))
# --------------------------------------------------------------
ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((1, 3), (0, 1))
ax1.imshow(np.flipud(Z_hanning.transpose(1, 0)),
interpolation=interp,
cmap=colors,
extent=(xMin, xMax, minFreq, maxFreq),
aspect='auto')
ax1.set(xlabel='time [days]', title="Hanning Window")
ax1.title.set_size(10)
ax1.set_yticklabels('')
ax1.tick_params(axis=u'y', which=u'both', length=0)
# --------------------------------------------------------------
ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((1, 3), (0, 2))
ax2.imshow(np.flipud(Z_d_dt.transpose(1, 0)),
interpolation=interp,
cmap=colors,
extent=(xMin, xMax, minFreq, maxFreq),
aspect='auto')
ax2.set(xlabel='time [days]', title="Square Window of Derivative")
ax2.title.set_size(10)
ax2.set_yticklabels('')
ax2.tick_params(axis=u'y', which=u'both', length=0)
plt.tight_layout()
if show:
plt.show(block=False)
if save:
c.save_fig(fig, file_names[0])