def get_endlines_sidelines(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the bounding box of the
end lines and sidelines as specified in Rule 1, Section 3, Article 2 of
the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
endline_sideline: a pandas dataframe of the end lines and side lines
"""
endline_sideline = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [0, -47, -47, 0, 0, -47 - (2 / 12), -47 - (2 / 12), 0, 0],
'y': [
-25, -25, 25, 25, 25 + (2 / 12), 25 + (2 / 12), -25 - (2 / 12),
-25 - (2 / 12), -25
]
})
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
endline_sideline = endline_sideline.append(
transform.reflect(endline_sideline, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
endline_sideline = transform.rotate(endline_sideline, rotation_dir)
return endline_sideline
def get_division_line(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the bounding box of
the division line as specified in Rule 1, Section 5, Article 1 of the NCAA
rule book
Returns
-------
division_line: a pandas dataframe of the interior boundaries of the court
"""
# The line's center should be 47' from the interior side of the baselines,
# and must be 2" thick
division_line = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-1 / 12, 0, 0, -1 / 12, -1 / 12],
'y': [25, 25, -25, -25, 25]
})
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
division_line = division_line.append(
transform.reflect(division_line, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
division_line = transform.rotate(division_line, rotation_dir)
return division_line
def get_backboards(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the backboard as
specified in Rule 1, Section 10, Article 2 of the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
backboard: a pandas dataframe of the backboard
"""
# Per the rule book, the backboard must by 6' wide. The height of the
# backboard is irrelevant in this graphic, as this is a bird's eye view
# over the court
backboard = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-43 - (4 / 12), -43, -43, -43 - (4 / 12), -43 - (4 / 12)],
'y': [-3, -3, 3, 3, -3]
})
if full_court:
# Reflect x coordinates over y axis
backboard = backboard.append(transform.reflect(backboard, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
backboard = transform.rotate(backboard, rotation_dir)
return backboard
def get_painted_areas(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the bounding box of the
free throw lane as specified in Rule 1, Section 6, Articles 1, 2, 3, and 4
of the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
painted_areas: a pandas dataframe of the painted areas
"""
# The interior of the free throw lane is known as the painted area, and
# can be a different color than the markings and court. These coordinates
# can be used to color them on the plot
painted_area = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-47, -47, -28 - (2 / 12), -28 - (2 / 12), -47],
'y': [
-6 + (2 / 12), 6 - (2 / 12), 6 - (2 / 12), -6 + (2 / 12),
-6 + (2 / 12)
]
})
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
painted_area = painted_area.append(
transform.reflect(painted_area, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
painted_area = transform.rotate(painted_area, rotation_dir)
return painted_area
def get_center_circle(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the center circle as
specified in Rule 1, Section 4, Article 1 of the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
center_circle: a pandas dataframe containing the points that comprise the
center circle of the court
"""
# Draw the right outer semicircle, then move in 2" per the NCAA's required
# line thickness, and draw inner semicircle. Doing it this way alleviates
# future fill issues.
center_circle = helper.create_circle(d=12, start=1 / 2, end=3 / 2).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [0],
'y': [6 - (2 / 12)]
})).append(
helper.create_circle(d=12 - (4 / 12), start=3 / 2,
end=1 / 2)).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [0],
'y': [-6]
}))
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
center_circle = center_circle.append(
transform.reflect(center_circle, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
center_circle = transform.rotate(center_circle, rotation_dir)
return center_circle
def get_bench_areas(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the team bench areas
as specified on the court diagram in the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
bench_areas: a pandas dataframe of the team bench areas
"""
# The bench area is 28 feet from the interior of the endline, is 2" wide,
# and extends 3' on each side of the sideline
bench_area = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [
-19 - (2 / 12),
-19 - (2 / 12),
-19,
-19,
-19 - (2 / 12),
],
'y': [22, 28, 28, 22, 22]
})
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
bench_area = bench_area.append(
transform.reflect(bench_area, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
bench_area = transform.rotate(bench_area, rotation_dir)
return bench_area
def get_coaching_boxes(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the bounding box of the
coaching boxes as specified in Rule 1, Section 9, Articles 1 and 2 of the
NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
coaching_boxes: a pandas dataframe of the sidelines
"""
# The coaching boxes are 38' from the interior of the baseline on each
# side of the court, and extend 2' out of bounds from the exterior of the
# sideline
coaching_box = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-9 - (2 / 12), -9 - (2 / 12), -9, -9, -9 - (2 / 12)],
'y': [25, 27, 27, 25, 25]
})
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
coaching_box = coaching_box.append(
transform.reflect(coaching_box, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
coaching_box = transform.rotate(coaching_box, rotation_dir)
return coaching_box
def get_restricted_area_arcs(full_court=True,
rotate=False,
rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the restricted-area
arcs as specified in Rule 1, Section 8 of the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
restricted_area_arcs: a pandas dataframe of the restricted-area arcs
"""
# The restricted area arc is an arc of radius 4' from the center of the
# basket, and extending in a straight line to the front face of the
# backboard, and having thickness of 2"
restricted_area_arc = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-43],
'y': [-4 - (2 / 12)]
}).append(
helper.create_circle(center=(-41.75, 0),
d=8 + (4 / 12),
start=-1 / 2,
end=1 / 2)).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-43, -43],
'y': [4 + (2 / 12), 4]
})).append(
helper.create_circle(
center=(-41.75, 0),
d=8,
start=1 / 2,
end=-1 / 2)).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-43, -43],
'y': [-4, -4 - (2 / 12)]
}))
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
restricted_area_arc = restricted_area_arc.append(
transform.reflect(restricted_area_arc, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
restricted_area_arc = transform.rotate(rotation_dir=rotation_dir,
df=restricted_area_arc)
return restricted_area_arc
def get_w_three_pt_lines(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the three-point line
as specified in Rule 1, Section 7 of the NCAA rule book. These points are
the women's three-point line, and also where the men's three-point line was
prior to the 2019-2020 season
Returns
-------
w_three_pt_lines: a pandas dataframe of the three-point line
"""
# This can be computed similarly to how the men's line was computed
w_three_pt_line = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-47],
'y': [-20.75]
}).append(
helper.create_circle(center=(-41.75, 0),
d=41.5,
start=-1 / 2,
end=1 / 2)).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-47, -47],
'y': [20.75, 20.75 - (2 / 12)]
})).append(
helper.create_circle(
center=(-41.75, 0),
d=41.5 - (4 / 12),
start=1 / 2,
end=-1 / 2)).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-47, -47],
'y':
[-20.75 + (2 / 12), -20.75]
}))
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
w_three_pt_line = w_three_pt_line.append(
transform.reflect(w_three_pt_line, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
w_three_pt_line = transform.rotate(w_three_pt_line, rotation_dir)
return w_three_pt_line
def get_goals(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the goals as specified
in Rule 1, Sections 14 and 15 of the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
goals: a pandas dataframe of the goals
"""
# Get the starting angle of the ring. The connector has a width of 5", so
# 2.5" are on either side. The ring has a radius of 9", so the arcsine of
# these measurements should give the angle at which point they connect
start_angle = np.pi - math.asin(2.5 / 9)
# The ending angle of the ring would be the negative of the starting angle
end_angle = -start_angle
# Define the coordinates for the goal
goal = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-43, -41.75 - ((9 / 12) * math.cos(start_angle))],
'y': [2.5 / 12, 2.5 / 12]
}).append(
helper.create_circle(
center=(-41.75, 0),
start=start_angle,
end=end_angle,
d=1.5 + (4 / 12))).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x':
[-41.75 - ((9 / 12) * math.cos(start_angle)), -43, -43],
'y': [-2.5 / 12, -2.5 / 12, 2.5 / 12]
}))
if full_court:
# Reflect x coordinates over y axis
goal = goal.append(transform.reflect(goal, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
goal = transform.rotate(goal, rotation_dir)
return goal
def get_nets(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the rings as specified
in Rule 1, Section 14, Article 2 of the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
nets: a pandas dataframe of the nets
"""
# The ring's center is 15" from the backboard, and 63" from the baseline,
# which means it is centered at (+/-41.75, 0). The ring has an interior
# diameter of 18", which is where the net is visible from above
net = helper.create_circle(center=(-41.75, 0), d=1.5)
if full_court:
# Reflect x coordinates over y axis
net = net.append(transform.reflect(net, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
net = transform.rotate(net, rotation_dir)
return net
def get_free_throw_circles(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the free-throw circles
as specified on the court diagram in the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
free_throw_circles: a pandas dataframe of the free-throw circle
"""
# The free-throw circle is 6' in diameter from the center of the free-throw
# line (exterior)
free_throw_circle = helper.create_circle(
center=(-28, 0), start=-1 / 2, end=1 / 2,
d=12).append(pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-28],
'y': [6]
})).append(
helper.create_circle(center=(-28, 0),
start=1 / 2,
end=-1 / 2,
d=12 - (4 / 12))).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-28],
'y': [-6]
}))
if full_court:
# Reflect x coordinates over y axis
free_throw_circle = free_throw_circle.append(
transform.reflect(free_throw_circle, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
free_throw_circle = transform.rotate(free_throw_circle, rotation_dir)
return free_throw_circle
def get_m_three_pt_lines(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the three-point line
as specified in Rule 1, Section 7 of the NCAA rule book. These points are
the men's three-point line after being moved back prior to the 2019-2020
season
Returns
-------
m_three_pt_lines: a pandas dataframe of the three-point line
"""
# First, a bit of math is needed to determine the starting and ending
# angles of the three-point arc, relative to 0 radians. Since in the end,
# the angle is what matters, the units of measure do not. Inches are easier
# to use for this calculation. The angle begins 9' 10 3/8" from the
# interior edge of the endline
start_x = (9 * 12) + 10 + (3 / 8)
# However, the rule book describes the arc as having a radius of 22' 1.75"
# from the center of the basket. The basket's center is 63" away from the
# interior of the endline, so this must be subtracted from our starting x
# position to get the starting x position *relative to the center of the
# basket*
start_x -= 63
radius_outer = (22 * 12) + 1.75
# From here, the calculation is relatively straightforward. To determine
# the angle, the inverse cosine is needed. It will be multiplied by pi
# so that it can be passed to the create_circle() function
start_angle_outer = math.acos(start_x / radius_outer) / np.pi
end_angle_outer = -start_angle_outer
# The same method can be used for the inner angles, however, since the
# inner radius will be traced from bottom to top, the angle must be
# negative to start
radius_inner = (22 * 12) + 1.75 - 2
start_angle_inner = -math.acos(start_x / radius_inner) / np.pi
end_angle_inner = -start_angle_inner
# According to the rulebook, the three-point line is 21' 7 7/8" in the
# corners
m_three_pt_line = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-47],
'y': [21 + ((7 + (7 / 8)) / 12)]
}).append(
helper.create_circle(
center=(-41.75, 0),
d=2 * (((22 * 12) + 1.75) / 12),
start=start_angle_outer,
end=end_angle_outer)).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [-47, -47, -47 + (((9 * 12) + 10 + (3 / 8)) / 12)],
'y': [
-21 - ((7 + (7 / 8)) / 12),
-21 - ((7 + (7 / 8)) / 12) + (2 / 12),
-21 - ((7 + (7 / 8)) / 12) + (2 / 12)
]
})).append(
helper.create_circle(
center=(-41.75, 0),
d=2 * ((((22 * 12) + 1.75) / 12) - (2 / 12)),
start=start_angle_inner,
end=end_angle_inner)).append(
pd.DataFrame({
'x': [
-47 + (((9 * 12) + 10 + (3 / 8)) / 12),
-47, -47
],
'y': [
21 + ((7 + (7 / 8)) / 12) - (2 / 12),
21 + ((7 + (7 / 8)) / 12) - (2 / 12),
21 + ((7 + (7 / 8)) / 12)
]
}))
if full_court:
# Reflec the x coordinates over the y axis
m_three_pt_line = m_three_pt_line.append(
transform.reflect(m_three_pt_line, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
m_three_pt_line = transform.rotate(rotation_dir=rotation_dir,
df=m_three_pt_line)
return m_three_pt_line
def get_free_throw_lanes(full_court=True, rotate=False, rotation_dir='ccw'):
"""
Generate the dataframe for the points that comprise the bounding box of the
free throw lane as specified in Rule 1, Section 6, Articles 1, 2, 3, and 4
of the NCAA rule book
Returns
-------
free_throw_lanes: a pandas dataframe of the free throw lanes
painted_areas: a pandas dataframe of the painted areas
"""
# The free throw lane goes from the endline inwards a distance of 18' 10"
# (interior) and 19' (exterior) with a width of 6'
# The first set of blocks are 7' from the interior of the baseline, and
# measure 1' in width
# The second set of blocks are 3' from the first block, and
# measure 2" in width
# The third set of blocks are 3' from the second block, and
# measure 2" in width
# The fourth set of blocks are 3' from the third block, and
# measure 2" in width
free_throw_lane = pd.DataFrame({
'x': [
# Start
-47,
# First block lower
-40,
-40,
-39,
-39,
# Second block lower
-36,
-36,
-36 + (2 / 12),
-36 + (2 / 12),
# Third block lower
-33 + (2 / 12),
-33 + (2 / 12),
-33 + (4 / 12),
-33 + (4 / 12),
# Fourth block lower
-30 + (4 / 12),
-30 + (4 / 12),
-30 + (6 / 12),
-30 + (6 / 12),
# End
-28,
# Cross
-28,
# Fourth block upper
-30 + (6 / 12),
-30 + (6 / 12),
-30 + (4 / 12),
-30 + (4 / 12),
# Third block upper
-33 + (2 / 12),
-33 + (2 / 12),
-33 + (4 / 12),
-33 + (4 / 12),
# Second block upper
-36,
-36,
-36 + (2 / 12),
-36 + (2 / 12),
# First block upper
-40,
-40,
-39,
-39,
# End of exterior
-47,
# Interior
-47,
-28 - (2 / 12),
-28 - (2 / 12),
-47,
-47,
-47
],
'y': [
-6,
# First block lower
-6,
-6 - (8 / 12),
-6 - (8 / 12),
-6,
# Second block lower
-6,
-6 - (8 / 12),
-6 - (8 / 12),
-6,
# Third block lower
-6,
-6 - (8 / 12),
-6 - (8 / 12),
-6,
# Fourth block lower
-6,
-6 - (8 / 12),
-6 - (8 / 12),
-6,
# End
-6,
# Cross
6,
# Fourth block upper
6,
6 + (8 / 12),
6 + (8 / 12),
6,
# Third block upper
6,
6 + (8 / 12),
6 + (8 / 12),
6,
# Second block upper
6,
6 + (8 / 12),
6 + (8 / 12),
6,
# First block upper
6,
6 + (8 / 12),
6 + (8 / 12),
6,
# End of exterior
6,
# Interior
6 - (2 / 12),
6 - (2 / 12),
-6 + (2 / 12),
-6 + (2 / 12),
6,
-6
]
})
if full_court:
# Reflect the x coordinates over the y axis
free_throw_lane = free_throw_lane.append(
transform.reflect(free_throw_lane, over_y=True))
# Rotate the coordinates if necessary
if rotate:
free_throw_lane = transform.rotate(free_throw_lane, rotation_dir)
return free_throw_lane