def constraints(self, mask, load_sum, tot_variable_gen, generator_out_sum,
net_ess_power, combined_rating):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
tot_variable_gen (Expression): the sum of the variable/intermittent generation sources
load_sum (list, Expression): the sum of load within the system
generator_out_sum (list, Expression): the sum of conventional generation within the system
net_ess_power (list, Expression): the sum of the net power of all the ESS in the system. flow out into the grid is negative
combined_rating (Dictionary): the combined rating of each DER class type
Returns:
An empty list (for aggregation of later constraints)
"""
constraint_list = super().constraints(mask, load_sum, tot_variable_gen,
generator_out_sum, net_ess_power,
combined_rating)
# add time series service participation constraint, if called for
# Max and Min will constrain the sum of ch_less and dis_more
if self.ts_constraints:
constraint_list += \
[cvx.NonPos(self.variables['ch_less'] +
self.variables['dis_more'] - self.max.loc[mask])]
constraint_list += \
[cvx.NonPos(-self.variables['ch_less'] -
self.variables['dis_more'] + self.min.loc[mask])]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask):
""" Builds the master constraint list for the subset of timeseries data being optimized.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the generator's physical constraints and its service constraints
"""
# parent constraints
parent_constraints = super().constraints(mask)
# drop the last constraint from the parent class when sizing
constraint_list = parent_constraints[:-1]
if not self.being_sized():
# add the last constraint from the parent class
constraint_list += [parent_constraints[-1]]
else:
power_out = self.variables_dict['elec']
on = self.variables_dict['on']
# cover the constraint that was removed
if self.max_rated_power:
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(power_out - self.max_rated_power * self.n * on)
]
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(power_out - self.discharge_capacity())
]
constraint_list += self.size_constraints
return constraint_list
def objective_constraints(self,
variables,
mask,
reservations,
mpc_ene=None):
""" Builds the master constraint list for the subset of timeseries data being optimized.
Args:
variables (Dict): Dictionary of variables being optimized
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
reservations (Dict): Dictionary of energy and power reservations required by the services being
preformed with the current optimization subset
mpc_ene (float): value of energy at end of last opt step (for mpc opt)
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the battery's physical constraints and its service constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
ice_gen = variables['ice_gen']
on_ice = variables['on_ice']
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(cvx.multiply(self.p_min, on_ice) - ice_gen)
]
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(ice_gen -
cvx.multiply(self.rated_power * self.n, on_ice))
]
return constraint_list
def objective_constraints(self,
variables,
mask,
reservations,
generation,
mpc_ene=None):
""" Builds the master constraint list for the subset of timeseries data being optimized.
Args:
variables (Dict): Dictionary of variables being optimized
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
reservations (Dict): Dictionary of energy and power reservations required by the services being
preformed with the current optimization subset
generation (list, Expression): the sum of generation within the system for the subset of time
being optimized
mpc_ene (float): value of energy at end of last opt step (for mpc opt)
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the battery's physical constraints and its service constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
if self.no_export:
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(variables['dis'] - variables['ch'] + generation -
self.total_load(mask))
]
if self.no_import:
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(-variables['dis'] + variables['ch'] - generation +
self.total_load(mask))
]
return constraint_list
def objective_constraints(self, variables, subs, generation, reservations=None):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
variables (Dict): dictionary of variables being optimized
subs (DataFrame): Subset of time_series data that is being optimized
generation (list, Expression): the sum of generation within the system for the subset of time
being optimized
reservations (Dict): power reservations from dispatch services
Returns:
constraint_list (list): list of constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-variables['regu_c'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-variables['regd_c'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-variables['regu_d'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-variables['regd_d'])]
# p = opt_vars['dis'] - opt_vars['ch']
# constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(opt_vars['regd_d'] - cvx.pos(p))]
# constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(opt_vars['regu_c'] - cvx.neg(p))]
if self.combined_market:
constraint_list += [cvx.Zero(variables['regd_d'] + variables['regd_c'] - variables['regu_d'] - variables['regu_c'])]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask):
constraint_list = super().constraints(mask)
elec = self.variables_dict['elec']
steam = self.variables_dict['steam']
hotwater = self.variables_dict['hotwater']
# electric energy and heat (steam + hotwater) energy generated are proportional
# and defined by electric_heat_ratio
constraint_list += [
cvx.Zero(elec - self.electric_heat_ratio * (steam + hotwater))
]
# to ensure that CHP never produces more steam than it can (no excess steam)
if not self.steam_only and not self.hotwater_only:
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(steam - self.max_steam_ratio * hotwater)
]
# to ensure that the upper limit on CHP size in the size optimization
# will be the smallest system that can meet both howater and steam loads
# use smallest_size_system_needed()
if self.being_sized() and self.site_thermal_load_exists:
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(elec - self.smallest_size_system_needed())
]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the EV requirement to collect the required energy to operate. It also allows
flexibility to provide other grid services
"""
constraint_list = []
# optimization variables
ch = self.variables_dict['ch']
# uch = self.variables_dict['uch']
# constraints on the ch/dis power
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(ch - self.EV_load_TS[mask].values)]
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos((1 - self.max_load_ctrl) *
self.EV_load_TS[mask].values - ch)
]
# the constraint below limits energy throughput and total discharge to less than or equal to
# (number of cycles * energy capacity) per day, for technology warranty purposes
# this constraint only applies when optimization window is equal to or greater than 24 hours
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask, load_sum, tot_variable_gen, generator_out_sum,
net_ess_power, combined_rating):
"""build constraint list method for the optimization engine
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices
corresponding to time_series data included in the subs data set
tot_variable_gen (Expression): the sum of the variable/intermittent
generation sources
load_sum (list, Expression): the sum of load within the system
generator_out_sum (list, Expression): the sum of conventional
generation within the system
net_ess_power (list, Expression): the sum of the net power of all
the ESS in the system. flow out into the grid is negative
combined_rating (Dictionary): the combined rating of each DER class
type
Returns:
An list of constraints for the optimization variables added to
the system of equations
"""
constraint_list = []
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-self.variables['up_ch'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-self.variables['down_ch'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-self.variables['up_dis'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-self.variables['down_dis'])]
if self.combined_market:
constraint_list += [
cvx.Zero(self.variables['down_dis'] +
self.variables['down_ch'] - self.variables['up_dis'] -
self.variables['up_ch'])
]
return constraint_list
def set_size(self, value_streams, start_year):
""" part of Deferral's sizing module: TODO USE THIS INSTEAD OF set_size IN MICROGRID SERVICE AGGREGATOR
iterates over a list of DER+DERExtension objects and sets their minimum size
based on the P and E requirements set by MIN_YEAR objective.
Args:
value_streams:
start_year:
Returns: der_list with size minimums
"""
deferral = value_streams.get('Deferral')
min_year = deferral.min_years
last_year_to_defer = start_year.year + min_year - 1
p_e_req = deferral.deferral_df.loc[last_year_to_defer, :]
min_power = p_e_req.loc['Power Capacity Requirement (kW)']
min_energy = p_e_req.loc['Energy Capacity Requirement (kWh)']
ess_inst = self.der_list[0]
if len(value_streams.keys()) > 1:
ess_inst.size_constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(min_energy - ess_inst.ene_max_rated)
]
ess_inst.size_constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(min_power - ess_inst.ch_max_rated)
]
ess_inst.size_constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(min_power - ess_inst.dis_max_rated)
]
else:
ess_inst.ch_max_rated = min_power
ess_inst.dis_max_rated = min_power
ess_inst.ene_max_rated = min_energy
def objective_constraints(self,
variables,
mask,
load,
generation,
reservations=None):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
variables (Dict): dictionary of variables being optimized
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
load (list, Expression): the sum of load within the system
generation (list, Expression): the sum of generation within the system for the subset of time
being optimized
reservations (Dict): power reservations from dispatch services
Returns:
constraint_list (list): list of constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-variables['sr_c'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-variables['sr_d'])]
return constraint_list
def __init__(self, params):
""" Initialize all technology with the following attributes.
Args:
params (dict): Dict of parameters for initialization
"""
TellUser.debug(f"Initializing {__name__}")
PVSystem.PV.__init__(self, params)
DERExtension.__init__(self, params)
ContinuousSizing.__init__(self, params)
self.nu = params['nu'] / 100
self.gamma = params['gamma'] / 100
self.curtail = params['curtail']
self.max_rated_capacity = params['max_rated_capacity']
self.min_rated_capacity = params['min_rated_capacity']
self.ppa = params['PPA']
self.ppa_cost = params['PPA_cost']
self.ppa_inflation = params['PPA_inflation_rate'] / 100
if not self.rated_capacity:
self.rated_capacity = cvx.Variable(name=f'{self.name}rating', integer=True)
self.inv_max = self.rated_capacity
self.size_constraints += [cvx.NonPos(-self.rated_capacity)]
if self.min_rated_capacity:
self.size_constraints += [cvx.NonPos(self.min_rated_capacity - self.rated_capacity)]
if self.max_rated_capacity:
self.size_constraints += [cvx.NonPos(self.rated_capacity - self.max_rated_capacity)]
def set_size(self, der_lst, start_year):
""" part of Deferral's sizing module: TODO REPLACE WITH set_size IN MICROGRID POI
iterates over a list of DER+DERExtension objects and sets their minimum size
based on the P and E requirements set by MIN_YEAR objective.
Args:
der_lst:
start_year:
Returns: der_list with size minimums
"""
deferral = self.value_streams.get('Deferral')
min_year = deferral.min_years
last_year_to_defer = start_year.year + min_year - 1
p_e_req = deferral.deferral_df.loc[last_year_to_defer, :]
min_power = p_e_req.loc['Power Capacity Requirement (kW)']
min_energy = p_e_req.loc['Energy Capacity Requirement (kWh)']
if len(self.value_streams.keys()) > 1:
der_lst[0].size_constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(min_energy - der_lst[0].ene_max_rated)
]
der_lst[0].size_constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(min_power - der_lst[0].ch_max_rated)
]
der_lst[0].size_constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(min_power - der_lst[0].dis_max_rated)
]
else:
der_lst[0].ch_max_rated = min_power
der_lst[0].dis_max_rated = min_power
der_lst[0].ene_max_rated = min_energy
return der_lst
def objective_constraints(self,
variables,
mask,
load,
generation,
reservations=None):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
variables (Dict): dictionary of variables being optimized
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
load (list, Expression): the sum of load within the system
generation (list, Expression): the sum of generation within the system for the subset of time
being optimized
reservations (Dict): power reservations from dispatch services
Returns:
An list of constraints to be included for deferral
# TODO: consider verifying timesteps are in sequential order before just taking the values of the Series --HN
"""
# adding constraints to ensure power dispatch does not violate thermal limits of transformer deferred
# only include them if deferral is not going to fail
constraints = []
year_of_optimization = mask.loc[mask].index.year[-1]
print(str(year_of_optimization)) if self.verbose else None
if year_of_optimization < self.year_failed:
print('adding constraint') if self.verbose else None
# optimization variables
dis = variables['dis']
ch = variables['ch']
net_battery = dis - ch
tot_load_deferred = load + self.load.loc[mask].values
# -(max export) >= dis - ch + generation - deferral load
constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(self.max_export + generation - tot_load_deferred +
net_battery)
]
# max import >= loads - (dis - ch) - generation
constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(-generation + tot_load_deferred - net_battery -
self.max_import)
]
# # make sure power does doesn't go above the inverter constraints during dispatch service activity
# constraints += [cvx.NonPos(self.max_export - load_tot + net_battery + generation + reservations['D_max'] + reservations['C_min'])]
# constraints += [cvx.NonPos(load_tot - net_battery - generation - reservations['C_max'] - reservations['D_min'] - self.max_import)]
return constraints
def constraints(self, mask, **kwargs):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the battery's physical constraints and its service constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
if self.duration:
power = self.variables_dict[
'power'] # p_t = charge_t - discharge_t
energy = self.variables_dict['ene_load']
uene = self.variables_dict['uene']
udis = self.variables_dict['udis']
uch = self.variables_dict['uch']
# constraints that keep the variables inside their limits
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(power - self.rated_power)]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-self.rated_power - power)]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-energy)]
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(energy - self.operational_max_energy())
]
# uene accounts for change in energy due to participating in sub timestep scale markets
constraint_list += [
cvx.Zero(uene + (self.dt * udis) - (self.dt * uch))
]
sub = mask.loc[mask]
for day in sub.index.dayofyear.unique():
day_mask = (day == sub.index.dayofyear)
# general: e_{t+1} = e_t + (charge_t - discharge_t) * dt = e_t + power_t * dt
constraint_list += [
cvx.Zero(energy[day_mask][:-1] +
(power[day_mask][:-1] * self.dt) -
energy[day_mask][1:])
]
# start of first timestep of the day
constraint_list += [
cvx.Zero(energy[day_mask][0] -
self.operational_max_energy())
]
# end of the last timestep of the day
constraint_list += [
cvx.Zero(energy[day_mask][-1] +
(power[day_mask][-1] * self.dt) -
self.operational_max_energy())
]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask, load_sum, tot_variable_gen, generator_out_sum,
net_ess_power, combined_rating):
"""build constraint list method for the optimization engine
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices
corresponding to time_series data included in the subs data set
tot_variable_gen (Expression): the sum of the variable/intermittent
generation sources
load_sum (list, Expression): the sum of load within the system
generator_out_sum (list, Expression): the sum of conventional
generation within the system
net_ess_power (list, Expression): the sum of the net power of all
the ESS in the system. flow out into the grid is negative
combined_rating (Dictionary): the combined rating of each DER class
type
Returns:
An list of constraints for the optimization variables added to
the system of equations
"""
constraint_list = super().constraints(mask, load_sum, tot_variable_gen,
generator_out_sum, net_ess_power,
combined_rating)
# add time series service participation constraints, if called for
# Reg Up Max and Reg Up Min will constrain the sum of up_ch + up_dis
if self.u_ts_constraints:
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(self.variables['up_ch'] + self.variables['up_dis'] -
self.regu_max.loc[mask])
]
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos((-1) * self.variables['up_ch'] +
(-1) * self.variables['up_dis'] +
self.regu_min.loc[mask])
]
# Reg Down Max and Reg Down Min will constrain the sum down_ch+down_dis
if self.d_ts_constraints:
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(self.variables['down_ch'] +
self.variables['down_dis'] -
self.regd_max.loc[mask])
]
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(-self.variables['down_ch'] -
self.variables['down_dis'] +
self.regd_min.loc[mask])
]
return constraint_list
def size_for_outages(self, opt_index, outage_start_indices, der_list):
""" Sets up sizing optimization.
Args:
opt_index (Index): index should match the index of the timeseries
data being passed around
der_list (list): list of initialized DERs from the POI class
outage_start_indices
Returns: modified DER list
"""
consts = []
cost_funcs = sum(
[der_instance.get_capex() for der_instance in der_list])
outage_length = int(self.outage_duration / self.dt)
mask = pd.Series(index=opt_index)
for outage_ind in outage_start_indices:
mask.iloc[:] = False
mask.iloc[outage_ind:(outage_ind + outage_length)] = True
# set up variables
gen_sum = cvx.Parameter(value=np.zeros(outage_length),
shape=outage_length,
name='POI-Zero')
tot_net_ess = cvx.Parameter(value=np.zeros(outage_length),
shape=outage_length,
name='POI-Zero')
for der_instance in der_list:
# initialize variables
der_instance.initialize_variables(outage_length)
consts += der_instance.constraints(mask,
sizing_for_rel=True,
find_min_soe=False)
if der_instance.technology_type == 'Energy Storage System':
tot_net_ess += der_instance.get_net_power(mask)
if der_instance.technology_type == 'Generator':
gen_sum += der_instance.get_discharge(mask)
if der_instance.technology_type == 'Intermittent Resource':
gen_sum += der_instance.get_discharge(mask) * \
der_instance.nu
critical_load = self.critical_load.loc[mask].values
if self.load_shed:
critical_load = critical_load * (
self.load_shed_data[0:outage_length].values / 100)
critical_load_arr = cvx.Parameter(value=critical_load,
shape=outage_length)
consts += [
cvx.NonPos(tot_net_ess + (-1) * gen_sum + critical_load_arr)
]
obj = cvx.Minimize(cost_funcs)
prob = cvx.Problem(obj, consts)
prob.solve(solver=cvx.GLPK_MI)
return der_list
def constraints(self, mask, **kwargs):
constraint_list = super().constraints(mask)
cold = self.variables_dict['cold']
# limit the cold power of the chiller to at most its rated power
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(cold - self.rated_power)]
constraint_list += self.size_constraints
return constraint_list
def objective_constraints(self, variables, subs, generation, reservations=None):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
variables (Dict): dictionary of variables being optimized
subs (DataFrame): Subset of time_series data that is being optimized
generation (list, Expression): the sum of generation within the system for the subset of time
being optimized
reservations (Dict): power reservations from dispatch services
Returns:
"""
constraint_list = []
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-variables['nsr_c'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-variables['nsr_d'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(variables['nsr_d'] - self.dis_power)]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask):
# NOTE: size constraints are handled here
""" Builds the master constraint list for the subset of timeseries data being optimized.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the battery's physical constraints and its service constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
if self.being_sized():
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(self.n_min - self.n)]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(self.n - self.n_max)]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask, **kwargs):
constraint_list = super().constraints(mask)
steam = self.variables_dict['steam']
hotwater = self.variables_dict['hotwater']
# limit the heating power of the Boiler to at most its rated power
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(steam + hotwater - self.rated_power)]
constraint_list += self.size_constraints
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask, load_sum, tot_variable_gen, generator_out_sum,
net_ess_power, combined_rating):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
tot_variable_gen (Expression): the sum of the variable/intermittent generation sources
load_sum (list, Expression): the sum of load within the system
generator_out_sum (list, Expression): the sum of conventional generation within the system
net_ess_power (list, Expression): the sum of the net power of all the ESS in the system. [= charge - discharge]
combined_rating (Dictionary): the combined rating of each DER class type
Returns:
An empty list (for aggregation of later constraints)
"""
# adding constraints to ensure power dispatch does not violate thermal limits of transformer deferred
# only include them if deferral is not going to fail
constraints = []
year_of_optimization = mask.loc[mask].index.year[-1]
if year_of_optimization < self.year_failed:
load_beyond_poi = cvx.Parameter(value=self.load.loc[mask].values,
name='deferral_load',
shape=sum(mask))
# -(max export) >= dis - ch + generation - loads
constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(self.max_export - load_sum - load_beyond_poi +
(-1) * net_ess_power + generator_out_sum +
tot_variable_gen)
]
# max import >= loads - (dis - ch) - generation
constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(load_sum + load_beyond_poi + net_ess_power +
(-1) * generator_out_sum + (-1) * tot_variable_gen -
self.max_import)
]
# TODO make sure power does doesn't violate the constraints during dispatch service activity
else:
TellUser.debug(
f"{self.name} did not add any constraints to our system of equations"
)
return constraints
def constraints(self, mask, **kwargs):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the battery's physical constraints and its service constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
if self.loc == 'ac':
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(self.get_discharge(mask) - self.inv_max)]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(- self.inv_max - self.get_discharge(mask))]
if self.curtail:
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(self.get_discharge(mask) - self.maximum_generation(mask))]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask):
""" Builds the master constraint list for the subset of timeseries data being optimized.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the battery's physical constraints and its service constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
elec = self.variables_dict['elec']
on = self.variables_dict['on']
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos((on * self.p_min) - elec)]
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(elec - (on * self.rated_power * self.n))
]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask, **kwargs):
""" Builds the master constraint list for the subset of timeseries data being optimized.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series data included
in the subs data set
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the battery's physical constraints and its service constraints
"""
constraint_list = super().constraints(mask, **kwargs)
constraint_list += self.size_constraints
if self.incl_energy_limits:
# add timeseries energy limits on this instance
ene = self.variables_dict['ene']
if self.limit_energy_max is not None:
energy_max = cvx.Parameter(
value=self.limit_energy_max.loc[mask].values,
shape=sum(mask),
name='ts_energy_max')
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(ene - energy_max)]
if self.limit_energy_min is not None:
energy_min = cvx.Parameter(
value=self.limit_energy_min.loc[mask].values,
shape=sum(mask),
name='ts_energy_min')
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(energy_min - ene)]
if self.incl_charge_limits:
# add timeseries energy limits on this instance
charge = self.variables_dict['ch']
if self.limit_charge_max is not None:
charge_max = cvx.Parameter(
value=self.limit_charge_max.loc[mask].values,
shape=sum(mask),
name='ts_charge_max')
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(charge - charge_max)]
if self.limit_charge_min is not None:
charge_min = cvx.Parameter(
value=self.limit_charge_min.loc[mask].values,
shape=sum(mask),
name='ts_charge_min')
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(charge_min - charge)]
if self.incl_discharge_limits:
# add timeseries energy limits on this instance
discharge = self.variables_dict['dis']
if self.limit_discharge_max is not None:
discharge_max = cvx.Parameter(
value=self.limit_discharge_max.loc[mask].values,
shape=sum(mask),
name='ts_discharge_max')
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(discharge - discharge_max)]
if self.limit_discharge_min is not None:
discharge_min = cvx.Parameter(
value=self.limit_discharge_min.loc[mask].values,
shape=sum(mask),
name='ts_discharge_min')
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(discharge_min - discharge)]
return constraint_list
def constraints(self, mask, load_sum, tot_variable_gen, generator_out_sum,
net_ess_power, combined_rating):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not have constraints.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices corresponding to time_series
data included in the subs data set
tot_variable_gen (Expression): the sum of the variable/intermittent generation sources
load_sum (list, Expression): the sum of load within the system
generator_out_sum (list, Expression): the sum of conventional generation within
the system
net_ess_power (list, Expression): the sum of the net power of all the ESS in the
system. flow out into the grid is negative
combined_rating (Dictionary): the combined rating of each DER class type
Returns:
constraint_list (list): list of constraints
"""
constraint_list = []
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-self.variables['ch_less'])]
constraint_list += [cvx.NonPos(-self.variables['dis_more'])]
return constraint_list
def test_nonpos(self) -> None:
"""Tests the NonPos constraint for correctness.
"""
n = 3
x = cp.Variable(n)
c = np.arange(n)
prob = cp.Problem(cp.Maximize(cp.sum(x)), [cp.NonPos(x - c)])
# Solve through cone program path.
prob.solve(solver=cp.ECOS)
self.assertItemsAlmostEqual(x.value, c)
# Solve through QP path.
prob.solve(solver=cp.OSQP)
self.assertItemsAlmostEqual(x.value, c)
def __init__(self, params):
""" Initialize all technology with the following attributes.
Args:
params (dict): Dict of parameters for initialization
"""
TellUser.debug(f"Initializing {__name__}")
RotatingGenerator.__init__(self, params)
DERExtension.__init__(self, params)
ContinuousSizing.__init__(self, params)
self.max_rated_power = params['max_rated_capacity']
self.min_rated_power = params['min_rated_capacity']
if not self.rated_power:
self.rated_power = cvx.Variable(integer=True,
name=f'{self.name} rating')
self.size_constraints += [cvx.NonPos(-self.rated_power)]
if self.min_rated_power:
self.size_constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(self.min_rated_power - self.rated_power)
]
if self.max_rated_power:
self.size_constraints += [
cvx.NonPos(self.rated_power - self.max_rated_power)
]
def test_nonpos_dual(self) -> None:
"""Test dual variables work for NonPos.
"""
n = 3
x = cp.Variable(n)
c = np.arange(n)
prob = cp.Problem(cp.Maximize(cp.sum(x)), [(x - c) <= 0])
prob.solve(solver=cp.ECOS)
dual = prob.constraints[0].dual_value
prob = cp.Problem(cp.Maximize(cp.sum(x)), [cp.NonPos(x - c)])
# Solve through cone program path.
prob.solve(solver=cp.ECOS)
self.assertItemsAlmostEqual(prob.constraints[0].dual_value, dual)
# Solve through QP path.
prob.solve(solver=cp.OSQP)
self.assertItemsAlmostEqual(prob.constraints[0].dual_value, dual)
def __init__(self, params):
""" Initializes a battery class that inherits from the technology class.
It sets the type and physical constraints of the technology.
Args:
params (dict): params dictionary from dataframe for one case
"""
TellUser.debug(f"Initializing {__name__}")
super().__init__(params) # BatteryTech.Battery->ESSizing->EnergyStorage->DER->Sizing
self.user_duration = params['duration_max']
self.state_of_health = params['state_of_health'] / 100
self.years_system_degraded = set()
self.yearly_degradation_report = pd.DataFrame()
self.actual_time_to_replacement = None # set by degredation module
if self.user_duration:
if self.being_sized():
self.size_constraints += [cvx.NonPos(self.ene_max_rated - self.user_duration*self.dis_max_rated)]
else:
TellUser.warning(f"Ignoring {self.tag}-{self.name} energy storage size duration maximum (duration_max={self.user_duration}) because you are not having DER-VET size the battery. Set it to 0 to abstain from applying.")
def constraints(self, mask, **kwargs):
"""Default build constraint list method. Used by services that do not
have constraints.
Args:
mask (DataFrame): A boolean array that is true for indices
corresponding to time_series data included in the subs data set
Returns:
A list of constraints that corresponds the battery's physical
constraints and its service constraints
"""
# create default list of constraints
constraint_list = super().constraints(mask, **kwargs)
if self.incl_binary:
# battery can not charge and discharge in the same timestep
constraint_list += [
cvx.NonPos(self.variables_dict['on_c'] +
self.variables_dict['on_d'] - 1)
]
return constraint_list
