def test_Panhandle_A():
# Example 7-18 Gas of Crane TP 410M
D = 0.340
P1 = 90E5
P2 = 20E5
L = 160E3
SG=0.693
Tavg = 277.15
Q = 42.56082051195928
# Test all combinations of relevant missing inputs
assert_close(Panhandle_A(D=D, P1=P1, P2=P2, L=L, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), Q)
assert_close(Panhandle_A(D=D, Q=Q, P2=P2, L=L, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), P1)
assert_close(Panhandle_A(D=D, Q=Q, P1=P1, L=L, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), P2)
assert_close(Panhandle_A(D=D, Q=Q, P1=P1, P2=P2, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), L)
assert_close(Panhandle_A(L=L, Q=Q, P1=P1, P2=P2, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), D)
with pytest.raises(Exception):
Panhandle_A(D=0.340, P1=90E5, L=160E3, SG=0.693, Tavg=277.15)
# Sample problem from "Natural Gas Pipeline Flow Calculations" by "Harlan H. Bengtson"
Q_panhandle = Panhandle_A(SG=0.65, Tavg=F2K(80), Ts=F2K(60), Ps=14.7*psi, L=500*foot, D=12*inch, P1=510*psi,
P2=490*psi, Zavg=0.919, E=0.92)
mmscfd = Q_panhandle*day/foot**3/1e6
assert_close(mmscfd, 401.3019451856126, rtol=1e-12)
def heating_degree_days(T, T_base=F2K(65), truncate=True):
r'''Calculates the heating degree days for a period of time.
.. math::
\text{heating degree days} = max(T - T_{base}, 0)
Parameters
----------
T : float
Measured temperature; sometimes an average over a length of time is used,
other times the average of the lowest and highest temperature in a
period are used, [K]
T_base : float, optional
Reference temperature for the degree day calculation, defaults
to 65 °F (18.33 °C, 291.483 K), the value most used in the US, [K]
truncate : bool
If truncate is True, no negative values will be returned; if negative,
the value is truncated to 0, [-]
Returns
-------
heating_degree_days : float
Degree above the base temperature multiplied by the length of time of
the measurement, normally days [day*K]
Notes
-----
Some common base temperatures are 18 °C (Canada), 15.5 °C (EU),
17 °C (Denmark, Finland), 12 °C Switzerland. The base temperature
should always be presented with the results.
The time unit does not have to be days; it can be any time unit, and the
calculation behaves the same.
Examples
--------
>>> heating_degree_days(303.8)
12.31666666666672
>>> heating_degree_days(273)
0.0
>>> heating_degree_days(322, T_base=300)
22
References
----------
.. [1] "Heating Degree Day." Wikipedia, January 24, 2018.
https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heating_degree_day&oldid=822187764.
'''
dd = T - T_base
if truncate and dd < 0.0:
dd = 0.0
return dd
def test_Weymouth():
D = 0.340
P1 = 90E5
P2 = 20E5
L = 160E3
SG=0.693
Tavg = 277.15
Q = 32.07729055913029
assert_close(Weymouth(D=D, P1=P1, P2=P2, L=L, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), Q)
assert_close(Weymouth(D=D, Q=Q, P2=P2, L=L, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), P1)
assert_close(Weymouth(D=D, Q=Q, P1=P1, L=L, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), P2)
assert_close(Weymouth(D=D, Q=Q, P1=P1, P2=P2, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), L)
assert_close(Weymouth(L=L, Q=Q, P1=P1, P2=P2, SG=SG, Tavg=Tavg), D)
with pytest.raises(Exception):
Weymouth(D=0.340, P1=90E5, L=160E3, SG=0.693, Tavg=277.15)
Q_Weymouth = Weymouth(SG=0.65, Tavg=F2K(80), Ts=F2K(60), Ps=14.7*psi, L=500*foot, D=12*inch, P1=510*psi,
P2=490*psi, Zavg=0.919, E=0.92)
mmscfd = Q_Weymouth*day/foot**3/1e6
assert_close(mmscfd, 272.5879686092862, rtol=1e-12)
def test_Lorentz_Bray_Clarke():
# Made up example
T = 300.0
P = 1e6
zs = [.4, .3, .3]
MWs = [16.04246, 30.06904, 44.09562]
Tcs = [190.564, 305.32, 369.83]
Pcs = [4599000.0, 4872000.0, 4248000.0]
Vcs = [9.86e-05, 0.0001455, 0.0002]
Vm = 0.002302491921416089
mu = Lorentz_Bray_Clarke(T, P, Vm, zs, MWs, Tcs, Pcs, Vcs)
assert_close(mu, 9.925488946486405e-06, rtol=1e-6)
# 2,000 psig and 160°F.
zs = [0.875, 0.083, 0.021, 0.006, 0.008, 0.003, 0.002, 0.001, 0.001]
MWs = [16.04, 30.07, 44.09, 58.12, 58.12, 72.15, 72.15, 86.17, 114.00]
Pcs = [
667.8 * psi, 707.8 * psi, 616.3 * psi, 529.1 * psi, 550.7 * psi,
490.4 * psi, 488.6 * psi, 436.9 * psi, 360.6 * psi
]
Tcs = [
R2K(343.0),
R2K(549.8),
R2K(665.7),
R2K(734.7),
R2K(765.3),
R2K(828.8),
R2K(845.4),
R2K(913.4),
R2K(1023.9)
]
Vcs = [
1.590 * foot**3 / lb, 2.370 * foot**3 / lb, 3.250 * foot**3 / lb,
4.208 * foot**3 / lb, 4.080 * foot**3 / lb, 4.899 * foot**3 / lb,
4.870 * foot**3 / lb, 5.929 * foot**3 / lb, 7.882 * foot**3 / lb
]
P = atm + 2000 * psi
T = F2K(160.0)
MW = mixing_simple(zs, MWs)
rho_mass = 6.74 * lb / foot**3
rhom = rho_mass / MW
Vm = 1.0 / rhom
mu = Lorentz_Bray_Clarke(T, P, Vm, zs, MWs, Tcs, Pcs, Vcs)
assert_close(mu, 1.636032602394696e-05)
def test_fahrenheit_to_kelvin():
assert_equal(F2K([32, 32]), [273.15, 273.15])
def test_API10A32():
from fluids.core import F2K, R2K
assert_close(API10A32(T=F2K(60), Tc=R2K(1334), K_W=12.4), 29.577333312096968, rtol=1e-13)
References
----------
.. [1] API Standard 520, Part 1 - Sizing and Selection.
'''
P1 = P1 / 1000. # Pa to kPa
return (0.02764 * P1 - 1000.) / (0.03324 * P1 - 1061)
_KSH_psigs = [
15, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160, 180, 200, 220, 240, 260, 280, 300,
350, 400, 500, 600, 800, 1000, 1250, 1500, 1750, 2000, 2500, 3000
]
_KSH_tempFs = [300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, 900, 1000, 1100, 1200]
_KSH_Pa = [i * psi + 101325 for i in _KSH_psigs]
_KSH_tempKs = [F2K(i) for i in _KSH_tempFs]
_KSH_factors = [[1, 0.98, 0.93, 0.88, 0.84, 0.8, 0.77, 0.74, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.98, 0.93, 0.88, 0.84, 0.8, 0.77, 0.74, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.93, 0.88, 0.84, 0.81, 0.77, 0.74, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.93, 0.88, 0.84, 0.81, 0.77, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.93, 0.88, 0.84, 0.81, 0.77, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.94, 0.89, 0.84, 0.81, 0.77, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.94, 0.89, 0.84, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.94, 0.89, 0.85, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.94, 0.89, 0.85, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.94, 0.89, 0.85, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.95, 0.89, 0.85, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 0.99, 0.95, 0.89, 0.85, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 1, 0.95, 0.9, 0.85, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 1, 0.95, 0.9, 0.85, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
[1, 1, 0.96, 0.9, 0.85, 0.81, 0.78, 0.75, 0.72, 0.7],
def test_NFPA_30_classification():
assert NFPA_30_classification(253.15, 283.55) == 'IA' # ethylene oxide
assert NFPA_30_classification(253.15,
Psat_100F=268062) == 'IA' # ethylene oxide
assert NFPA_30_classification(227.15, 249.05) == 'IA' # methyl chloride
assert NFPA_30_classification(227.15,
Psat_100F=812201) == 'IA' # methyl chloride
assert NFPA_30_classification(233.15, 309.21) == 'IA' # pentane
assert NFPA_30_classification(233.15, Psat_100F=107351) == 'IA' # pentane
assert NFPA_30_classification(
233.15,
Psat_100F=101325) == 'IA' # pentane fake point to trigger border
assert NFPA_30_classification(
233.15,
Psat_100F=101324.99999) == 'IB' # pentane fake point to trigger border
assert NFPA_30_classification(
233.15, Tb=310.92777777777) == 'IA' # pentane fake point under border
assert NFPA_30_classification(
233.15,
Tb=310.92777777777777) == 'IB' # pentane fake point above border
assert NFPA_30_classification(253.15, 329.23) == 'IB' # acetone
assert NFPA_30_classification(253.15, Psat_100F=51979) == 'IB' # acetone
assert NFPA_30_classification(262.15, 353.23) == 'IB' # benzene
assert NFPA_30_classification(262.15, Psat_100F=22215) == 'IB' # benzene
assert NFPA_30_classification(308.15, 390.75) == 'IC' # butyl alcohol
assert NFPA_30_classification(308.15,
Psat_100F=2158) == 'IC' # butyl alcohol
assert NFPA_30_classification(308.15) == 'IC' # butyl alcohol
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(100)) == 'II' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(140) * (1 - 1e-13)) == 'II' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(120), Tb=1e100) == 'II' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(120), Tb=-1e100) == 'II' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(120),
Psat_100F=-1e100) == 'II' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(120), Psat_100F=1e100) == 'II' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(140)) == 'IIIA' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(200) * (1 - 1e-13)) == 'IIIA' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(170), Tb=1e100) == 'IIIA' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(170), Tb=-1e100) == 'IIIA' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(170),
Psat_100F=-1e100) == 'IIIA' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(170),
Psat_100F=1e100) == 'IIIA' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(200)) == 'IIIB' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(200) * (1 + 1e-13)) == 'IIIB' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(300), Tb=1e100) == 'IIIB' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(3000), Tb=-1e100) == 'IIIB' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(300000),
Psat_100F=-1e100) == 'IIIB' # made up
assert NFPA_30_classification(F2K(300000000),
Psat_100F=1e100) == 'IIIB' # made up
with pytest.raises(ValueError):
NFPA_30_classification(253.15)
def test_fahrenheit_to_kelvin():
assert_close1d([F2K(32.), F2K(32)], [273.15, 273.15])
def NFPA_combustible_classification(Tflash, Tb=None, Psat_100F=None):
if Tflash < F2K(100):
if Tflash < F2K(73) and Tb < F2K(100):
# Also unstable flammable liquids
return '1A'
elif Tflash < F2K(73) and Tb >= F2K(100):
return '1B'
elif F2K(73) <= Tflash < F2K(100):
# Class IC liquids shall include those having flash points at or above 73°F (22.8°C) and below 100°F (37.8°C).
return '1C'
if F2K(100) <= Tflash < F2K(140):
return '2'
if F2K(140) <= Tflash < F2K(200):
return '3A'
if F2K(200) <= Tflash:
return '3B'