def earth():
'''Generate a scene with a sphere using an image texture of Earth'''
world = HittableList()
earth_texture = ImageTexture('earthmap.jpg')
earth_surface = Lambertian(earth_texture)
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, 0, 0), 2, earth_surface))
return world
def simple_light():
'''Generate a scene with two spheres and a diffusive light'''
world = HittableList()
pertext = NoiseTexture(4)
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, -1000, 0), 1000, Lambertian(pertext)))
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, 2, 0), 2, Lambertian(pertext)))
difflight = DiffuseLight(Color(4, 4, 4))
world.add(xyRect(3, 5, 1, 3, -2, difflight))
return world
def two_perlin_spheres():
'''Generate a scene with two spheres using a custom Perlin noise texture'''
world = HittableList()
pertext = NoiseTexture(4)
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, -1000, 0), 1000, Lambertian(pertext)))
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, 2, 0), 2, Lambertian(pertext)))
return world
def two_spheres():
'''Generate a scene with two checkered spheres'''
world = HittableList()
checker = CheckerTexture(Color(0.2, 0.3, 0.1), Color(0.9, 0.9, 0.9))
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, -10, 0), 10, Lambertian(checker)))
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, 10, 0), 10, Lambertian(checker)))
return world
def random_scene():
'''Generate a scene with three main spheres and several randomly placed spheres with random textures'''
world = HittableList()
checker = CheckerTexture(Color(0.2, 0.3, 0.1), Color(0.9, 0.9, 0.9))
ground_material = Lambertian(checker)
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, -1000, 0), 1000, ground_material))
for a in range(-11, 11):
for b in range(-11, 11):
choose_mat = random()
center = Point3(a + 0.9 * random(), 0.2, b + 0.9 * random())
if (center - Point3(4, 0.2, 0)).length() > 0.9:
if choose_mat < 0.8:
albedo = Color.random() * Color.random()
sphere_material = Lambertian(albedo)
center2 = center + Vec3(0, uniform(0, 0.5), 0)
world.add(
MovingSphere(center, center2, 0.0, 1.0, 0.2,
sphere_material))
elif choose_mat < 0.95:
albedo = Color.random(0.5, 1)
fuzz = uniform(0, 0.5)
sphere_material = Metal(albedo, fuzz)
world.add(Sphere(center, 0.2, sphere_material))
else:
sphere_material = Dielectric(1.5)
world.add(Sphere(center, 0.2, sphere_material))
material1 = Dielectric(1.5)
world.add(Sphere(Point3(0, 1, 0), 1.0, material1))
material2 = Lambertian(Color(0.4, 0.2, 0.1))
world.add(Sphere(Point3(-4, 1, 0), 1.0, material2))
material3 = Metal(Color(0.7, 0.6, 0.5), 0.0)
world.add(Sphere(Point3(4, 1, 0), 1.0, material3))
return world
def final_scene():
'''Generate a scene with all currently available textures'''
boxes1 = HittableList()
ground = Lambertian(Color(0.48, 0.83, 0.53))
boxes_per_side = 20
for i in range(boxes_per_side):
for j in range(boxes_per_side):
w = 100.0
x0 = -1000.0 + i * w
z0 = -1000.0 + j * w
y0 = 0.0
x1 = x0 + w
y1 = uniform(1, 101)
z1 = z0 + w
boxes1.add(Box(Point3(x0, y0, z0), Point3(x1, y1, z1), ground))
world = HittableList()
world.add(BvhNode(boxes1, 0, 1))
light = DiffuseLight(Color(7, 7, 7))
world.add(xzRect(123, 423, 147, 412, 554, light))
center1 = Point3(400, 400, 200)
center2 = center1 + Vec3(50, 0, 0)
moving_sphere_material = Lambertian(Color(0.7, 0.3, 0.1))
world.add(MovingSphere(center1, center2, 0, 1, 50, moving_sphere_material))
world.add(Sphere(Point3(260, 150, 45), 50, Dielectric(1.5)))
world.add(
Sphere(Point3(0, 150, 145), 50, Metal(Color(0.8, 0.8, 0.9), 10.0)))
boundary = Sphere(Point3(360, 150, 145), 70, Dielectric(1.5))
world.add(boundary)
world.add(ConstantMedium(boundary, 0.2, Color(0.2, 0.4, 0.9)))
boundary = Sphere(Point3(0, 0, 0), 5000, Dielectric(1.5))
world.add(ConstantMedium(boundary, .0001, Color(1, 1, 1)))
emat = Lambertian(ImageTexture('earthmap.jpg'))
world.add(Sphere(Point3(400, 200, 400), 100, emat))
pertext = NoiseTexture(0.1)
world.add(Sphere(Point3(220, 280, 300), 80, Lambertian(pertext)))
boxes2 = HittableList()
white = Lambertian(Color(.73, .73, .73))
ns = 1000
for j in range(ns):
boxes2.add(Sphere(Point3.random(0, 165), 10, white))
world.add(
Translate(RotateY(BvhNode(boxes2, 0, 1), 15), Vec3(-100, 270, 395)))
return world
def cornell_smoke():
'''Generate a scene with a Cornell box where the boxes are filled with smoke'''
world = HittableList()
red = Lambertian(Color(0.65, 0.05, 0.05))
white = Lambertian(Color(0.73, 0.73, 0.73))
green = Lambertian(Color(0.12, 0.45, 0.15))
light = DiffuseLight(Color(7, 7, 7))
box1 = Box(Point3(0, 0, 0), Point3(165, 330, 165), white)
box1 = RotateY(box1, 15)
box1 = Translate(box1, Vec3(265, 0, 295))
box2 = Box(Point3(0, 0, 0), Point3(165, 165, 165), white)
box2 = RotateY(box2, -18)
box2 = Translate(box2, Vec3(130, 0, 65))
world.add(yzRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 555, green))
world.add(yzRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 0, red))
world.add(xzRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 555, white))
world.add(xzRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 0, white))
world.add(xyRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 555, white))
world.add(ConstantMedium(box1, 0.01, Color(0, 0, 0)))
world.add(ConstantMedium(box2, 0.01, Color(1, 1, 1)))
world.add(xzRect(113, 443, 127, 432, 554, light))
return world
def cornell_box():
'''Generate a scene with a Cornell box, using rectangles and boxes'''
world = HittableList()
red = Lambertian(Color(0.65, 0.05, 0.05))
white = Lambertian(Color(0.73, 0.73, 0.73))
green = Lambertian(Color(0.12, 0.45, 0.15))
light = DiffuseLight(Color(15, 15, 15))
aluminum = Metal(Color(0.8, 0.85, 0.88), 0.0)
glass = Dielectric(1.5)
box1 = Box(Point3(0, 0, 0), Point3(165, 330, 165), aluminum)
box1 = RotateY(box1, 15)
box1 = Translate(box1, Vec3(265, 0, 295))
box2 = Box(Point3(0, 0, 0), Point3(165, 165, 165), white)
box2 = RotateY(box2, -18)
box2 = Translate(box2, Vec3(130, 0, 65))
world.add(yzRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 555, green))
world.add(yzRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 0, red))
world.add(xzRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 555, white))
world.add(xzRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 0, white))
world.add(xyRect(0, 555, 0, 555, 555, white))
world.add(box1)
world.add(box2)
world.add(FlipFace(xzRect(213, 343, 227, 332, 554, light)))
return world
def main():
'''Set up the scene and camera and create multiple processes to render it'''
# Image
aspect_ratio = 1.0 # 16.0 / 9.0
image_width = 1000
image_height = int(image_width / aspect_ratio)
samples_per_pixel = 1500
max_depth = 25
# Multi-process calculations
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('-p',
'--processes',
action='store',
type=int,
dest='processes',
default=0,
help='Number of processes (auto=0)')
args = parser.parse_args()
if args.processes == 0:
process_count = cpu_count()
else:
process_count = args.processes
print(f'Starting {process_count} processes...')
ranges = split_range(image_height, process_count)
# Lights
lights = HittableList()
#lights.add(Sphere(Point3(190, 90, 190), 90, 0))
lights.add(xzRect(213, 343, 227, 332, 554, Material()))
#lights.add(Sphere(Point3(190, 90, 190), 90, Material()))
#lights.add(xzRect(123, 423, 147, 412, 554, Material()))
# World
#world = final_scene()
#world = cornell_smoke()
world = cornell_box()
#world = simple_light()
#world = earth()
#world = two_perlin_spheres()
#world = two_spheres()
#world = random_scene()
# Camera
lookfrom = Point3(278, 278, -800)
lookat = Point3(278, 278, 0)
vup = Point3(0, 1, 0)
dist_to_focus = 10.0
aperture = 0.0
vfov = 40
background = Color(0, 0, 0) # Color(0.70, 0.80, 1.00)
camera = Camera(lookfrom, lookat, vup, vfov, aspect_ratio, aperture,
dist_to_focus, 0.0, 1.0)
# Scene
scene = Scene(camera, world, lights, image_width, image_height)
# Render scene
with open('filename.ppm', 'w') as img_fileobj:
temp_dir = Path(tempfile.mkdtemp())
temp_file_tmpl = 'part-{}.temp'
processes = []
try:
rows_done = Value('i', 0)
print(
f' {float(rows_done.value)/float(image_height) * 100:3.1f}%',
end='\r')
for hmin, hmax in ranges:
part_file = temp_dir / temp_file_tmpl.format(hmin)
processes.append(
Process(target=render,
args=(scene, hmin, hmax, part_file, rows_done,
samples_per_pixel, max_depth, background)))
for process in processes:
process.start()
for process in processes:
process.join()
img_fileobj.write(f'P3 {image_width} {image_height}\n255\n')
for hmin, _ in reversed(ranges):
part_file = temp_dir / temp_file_tmpl.format(hmin)
img_fileobj.write(open(part_file, 'r').read())
finally:
os.chmod(temp_dir, stat.S_IWRITE)
os.remove(temp_dir)