def run(self):
pygame.display.set_caption(self.caption)
if self.state == S_MENU:
play_button = Button(
'PLAY', Tile.screen_size[0] / 2 - self.button_size[0] / 2, 200,
self.button_size[0], self.button_size[1], 'PLAY GAME')
builder_button = Button(
'DEVELOP', Tile.screen_size[0] / 2 - self.button_size[0] / 2,
300, self.button_size[0], self.button_size[1], 'DEVELOP LEVEL')
while self.state == S_MENU:
self.state = functions.get_state()
self.screen.blit(self.menubackground, (0, 0))
Button.draw_buttons(self.screen)
menu_interaction(self.screen)
pygame.display.flip()
self.clock.tick(self.FPS)
if self.state == S_GAME:
Tile.create_tiles()
bill = Character('Bill')
bull = Character('Bull')
functions.load_level(1)
sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("audio/music.wav")
sound.set_volume(.25)
sound.play(-1)
print Tile.MAP
while self.state == S_GAME:
self.state = functions.get_state()
self.screen.blit(self.gamebackground, (0, 0))
Tile.draw_tiles(self.screen)
Character.update_characters(bill, bull)
Character.draw_characters(self.screen)
interaction(self.screen, bill, bull)
bill.movement()
bull.movement()
pygame.display.flip()
self.clock.tick(self.FPS)
if self.state == S_ESC:
pass
def gameLoop():
pygame.init()
pygame.font.init()
#pygame.mixer.init()
#pygame.mixer.music.load("audio/halo_themes.wav")
#pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)
invalids = tuple(invalids_func())
for y in range(0, screen.get_height(), 32):
for x in range(0, screen.get_width(), 32):
if Tile.total_tiles in invalids:
Tile(x, y, 'solid')
else:
Tile(x, y, 'empty')
#set time
#clock = pygame.time.Clock()
FPS = 24
total_frames = 0
background = pygame.image.load('images/Background.png')
player = Player(64, 128)
while player.health > 1:
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
Enemy.spawn(total_frames, FPS)
Enemy.update(screen, player)
player.movement()
Bullet.super_massive_jumbo_loop(screen)
A_Star(screen, player, total_frames, FPS)
interaction(screen, player)
player.draw(screen)
Func.text_to_screen(screen, "Health {0}".format(player.health), 0, 0)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
total_frames += 1
if player.health <= 0:
sleep(2)
screen.blit(pygame.image.load("images/End.png"), (0, 0))
pygame.display.update()
break
sleep(4)
def run(self):
pygame.display.set_caption(self.caption)
if self.state == S_MENU:
play_button = Button('PLAY', Tile.screen_size[0] / 2 - self.button_size[0] / 2, 200, self.button_size[0], self.button_size[1], 'PLAY GAME')
builder_button = Button('DEVELOP', Tile.screen_size[0] / 2 - self.button_size[0] / 2, 300, self.button_size[0], self.button_size[1], 'DEVELOP LEVEL')
while self.state == S_MENU:
self.state = functions.get_state()
self.screen.blit(self.menubackground, (0,0))
Button.draw_buttons(self.screen)
menu_interaction(self.screen)
pygame.display.flip()
self.clock.tick(self.FPS)
if self.state == S_GAME:
Tile.create_tiles()
bill = Character('Bill')
bull = Character('Bull')
functions.load_level(1)
sound = pygame.mixer.Sound("audio/music.wav")
sound.set_volume(.25)
sound.play(-1)
print Tile.MAP
while self.state == S_GAME:
self.state = functions.get_state()
self.screen.blit(self.gamebackground, (0,0))
Tile.draw_tiles(self.screen)
Character.update_characters(bill, bull)
Character.draw_characters(self.screen)
interaction(self.screen, bill, bull)
bill.movement()
bull.movement()
pygame.display.flip()
self.clock.tick(self.FPS)
if self.state == S_ESC:
pass
def main_loop(survivor, clock):
total_frames = 0
while survivor.health > 0:
Tile.draw_all(display)
interaction(display, survivor)
Zombie.spawn(display, total_frames, survivor)
survivor.movement()
text(display, survivor.health, Zombie.left_round + len(Zombie.instances),
clock.get_fps(), Zombie.level, survivor.ammo, Drop.actives)
Bullet.update(display)
survivor.draw(display)
Zombie.update(display, survivor)
PickUp.update(display, survivor, total_frames)
Drop.update(display, survivor)
clock.tick(Options.fps)
pygame.display.flip()
total_frames += 1
def game_screen(*args, **kwargs):
global total_frames, current_screen, total_frames_before, survivor
screen.blit(bg, (0, 0))
events = pygame.event.get()
if not paused:
pygame.mouse.set_visible(False)
Zombie.movement(total_frames)
Blood.update(total_frames)
BaseClass.List.update(total_frames)
Bullet.loop(screen, total_frames, survivor)
if Zombie.current_wave.alive > 0:
Zombie.current_wave.spawn_zombies(survivor, total_frames)
total_frames_before = total_frames
else:
if total_frames - total_frames_before > FPS * 2:
Zombie.wave_number += 1
Zombie.current_wave = Wave(Zombie.wave_number)
else:
func.text_to_screen(screen, 'Wave {}'.format(Zombie.wave_number+1),
WIDTH / 2, HEIGHT / 2, size=40)
find_path(survivor)
total_frames += 1
else:
pygame.mouse.set_visible(True)
pause_menu(screen, survivor, events)
interaction(screen, total_frames, events)
BaseClass.set_dirty()
Bullet.set_dirty()
Blood.draw(screen)
Bullet.List.draw(screen)
BaseClass.List.draw(screen)
display_explosions(screen, paused)
func.text_to_screen(screen, str(int(survivor.health)), 20, 20,
color=(30, 255, 20), size=40)
func.text_to_screen(screen, 'Score: {}'.format(str(survivor.score)),
20, 70, size=30)
func.text_to_screen(screen, 'Highscore: {}'.format(str(survivor.max_score)),
20, 110, size=30)
if not paused:
mx, my = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
screen.blit(cursor, (mx-16, my-16))
pygame.display.update()
clock.tick(FPS)
def test_interaction(self):
x_action = np.random.randint(2)
y_action = np.random.randint(2)
env = IPD()
init_state = env.get_state_id(x_action, y_action)
Q_class = TableQAgent()
# epislon 0.15 without decay works well with 200k steps!
strategy = [0.9999, 0.1111, 0.9999, 0.1111] # is approx. 3 - 3
# strategy = [1., 0., 1., 0.]
# strategy = [0.9999, 0.9999, 0.9999, 0.9999] # is approx 0 - 5-+
# strategy = [0.1111, 0.1111, 0.1111, 0.1111] #is approx 1 - 1
# strategy = [11/13, 1/2, 7/26, 0] #3.65139 -- The average reward for learning agent y: 1.8763999999999998
for _ in range(5):
reward_x, reward_y = interaction(init_state, Q_class, env, strategy)
# print("The average reward for fixed agent x: ", reward_x, "-- The average reward for learning agent y: ",
# reward_y)
self.assertTrue(len(strategy) == 4)
dungeon = pygame.image.load('images/dungeon.jpg')
# zombie1 = Zombie(80, 80)
survivor = Survivor(32 * 2, 32 * 4)
while True:
screen.blit(dungeon, (0, 0))
Zombie.spawn(total_frames, FPS)
Zombie.update(screen, survivor)
survivor.movement()
Bullet.super_massive_jumbo_loop(screen)
A_Star(screen, survivor, total_frames, FPS)
interaction(screen, survivor)
survivor.draw(screen)
Funk.text_to_screen(screen, 'Health: {0}'.format(survivor.health), 0, 0)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
total_frames += 1
if survivor.health <= 0:
sleep(2.5)
screen.blit(pygame.image.load('images/dead.jpg'), (0, 0))
pygame.display.update()
break
sleep(4)
bill = Character('Bill')
bull = Character('Bull')
while True:
screen.fill((200,200,200))
develop.draw_tiles(screen)
develop.show_inter_window()
#develop.show_info(screen)
if develop.testing == True:
try:
Character.update_characters(bill, bull)
Character.draw_characters(screen)
interaction(screen, bill, bull)
bill.movement()
bull.movement()
except Exception, e:
print 'Seems like the map is not valid. Are you sure you have point block and spawning points set?'
develop.testing = False
else:
develop.build_controls(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
RED = (200, 0, 0)
PURPLE = (255, 0, 255)
ORANGE = (255, 155, 0)
BRIGHT_GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BRIGHT_BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
BRIGHT_RED = (255, 0, 0)
pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((960, 480))
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
FPS = 20
total_frames = 0
game = Game()
while True:
screen = pygame.display.get_surface()
screen.fill((120, 120, 120))
Game.update(screen)
interaction(screen)
pygame.display.set_caption("Hax Free Pokemon")
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
total_frames += 1
Tile(x, y, 'empty')
#set time
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
FPS = 24
total_frames = 0
background = pygame.image.load('images/Background.png')
player = Player(64, 128)
while True:
screen.blit(background, (0, 0))
Enemy.spawn(total_frames, FPS)
Enemy.movement()
player.movement()
Bullet.super_massive_jumbo_loop(screen)
A_Star(screen, player, total_frames, FPS)
interaction(screen, player)
Tile.draw_tiles(screen)
player.draw(screen)
Enemy.draw_enemies(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
total_frames += 1
def run(N, step, modifier):
row_tot, col_tot = int(np.round(np.sqrt(N/10)/step)), \
int(np.round(np.sqrt(N/10)/step))
#row_tot, col_tot = 8,8
Dx, Dy = row_tot * step, col_tot * step
box_tot = row_tot * col_tot
k = 2 * np.pi / (step * row_tot)
P = int(np.ceil(
k * np.sqrt(2) * step)) * modifier # proportional to box diameter * k
Q = 2 * P + 1
# source creation
box_list = [[] for i in range(box_tot)]
src_list = []
#src_list = [source.source(0.3, 0.5, 1),source.source(3.4,3.5,1)]#source.source(3.5, 3.3, 1)]
for i in range(N):
src_list.append(source.source(Dx * np.random.random(), Dy * \
np.random.random(), np.random.random()))
# Map src to nearest lower left grid pnt
src_list[i].grid = np.array([int(np.floor(src_list[i].x/step)), \
int(np.floor(src_list[i].y/step))])
src_list[i].idx = utils.coord2idx(src_list[i].grid[0], \
src_list[i].grid[1], col_tot)
# compute c2m vector in cyl
src_list[i].rho, src_list[i].theta = utils.cart2cyl((src_list[i].grid[0] +\
0.5)*step - src_list[i].x, (src_list[i].grid[1] + 0.5)*step - src_list[i].y)
# contains source idxs in each box
box_list[src_list[i].idx].append(i)
interactions = interaction.interaction(box_tot, col_tot, row_tot, \
src_list, box_list)
interactions.fill_lists()
fast = time.clock() #fast time
#Calculate Multipoles
alpha_list = np.array([i for i in np.arange(0, 2 * np.pi, 2 * np.pi / Q)])
C2M_list = [[] for i in range(box_tot)]
for box_idx in range(box_tot):
for i, alpha in enumerate(alpha_list):
val = 0
for src_idx in box_list[box_idx]:
src = src_list[src_idx]
val += np.exp(np.complex(0,1) * k * src.rho * \
np.cos(alpha - src.theta)) * src.weight
C2M_list[box_idx].append(val)
#M2L
M2L_list = [[0 for i in range(box_tot)] for i in range(box_tot)]
for obs_box_idx in range(box_tot):
obs_x, obs_y = np.array(utils.idx2coord(obs_box_idx, col_tot)) * step
for src_box_idx in interactions.list[obs_box_idx]:
vals = []
for alpha in alpha_list:
src_x, src_y = np.array(utils.idx2coord(src_box_idx,
col_tot)) * step
x, y = obs_x - src_x, obs_y - src_y
sep_rho, sep_theta = utils.cart2cyl(x, y)
val = 0
for p in np.arange(-P, P + 1, 1):
val += funcs.hankel1(p, k*sep_rho) * np.exp(-np.complex(0,1) *\
p * (sep_theta - alpha - np.pi/2))
vals.append(val)
M2L_list[obs_box_idx][src_box_idx] += np.array(vals)
#L2O
L2O_list = [[] for i in range(N)]
for i, src in enumerate(src_list):
for alpha in alpha_list:
L2O_list[i].append(np.exp(np.complex(0,1) * k * src.rho * \
np.cos(alpha - (src.theta + np.pi))))
# interactions
pot = np.array([np.complex(0, 0) for i in range(N)])
for obs_box_idx in range(box_tot):
C2L_list = []
for i, src_box_idx in enumerate(interactions.list[obs_box_idx]):
# translates from sources to local multipole
C2L_list.append(M2L_list[obs_box_idx][src_box_idx] * \
C2M_list[src_box_idx])
for i, obs_idx in enumerate(box_list[obs_box_idx]):
C2O_list = [L2O_list[obs_idx] * C2L for C2L in C2L_list]
pot[obs_idx] = np.sum(C2O_list) / Q
# near interactions
near_pot = interactions.compute_near(obs_box_idx, k)
for i, obs_idx in enumerate(box_list[obs_box_idx]):
pot[obs_idx] += near_pot[i]
fast = time.clock() - fast
# TESTING
slow = time.clock()
src_idxs = [i for i in range(N)]
G = interactions.build_G(src_idxs, src_idxs, k)
weights = np.array([src.weight for src in src_list])
# slow = time.clock()
test_pot = np.dot(G, weights)
slow = time.clock() - slow
error = (lg.norm(pot) - lg.norm(test_pot)) / lg.norm(test_pot)
print('N: ', N, 'Modifier: ', modifier, 'Step: ', step)
print('error: ', error)
print('Slow Time: ', slow)
print('Fast Time: ', fast)
return (error, slow, fast)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
fps = 1
first_apple = Tile.random_tile(958, 1588, Invalids)
head = Head(180, 400)
target = Apple(first_apple.x, first_apple.y)
#pygame.mixer.music.load("Music/BloodyTears.ogg")
#pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)
background = pygame.image.load("Images/Nokia_Phone.png")
while True:
#Processes
interaction(screen, head)
#Processes
#Logic
head.motion()
Tile.Occupied = []
Tile.Occupied_Numbers = []
for segment in Body.List:
for tile in Tile.List:
if tile.x == segment.x and tile.y == segment.y:
Tile.Occupied.append(tile)
Tile.Occupied_Numbers.append(tile.number)
elif tile.number in Invalids:
continue
else:
tile.Type = 'empty'
tile.walkable = True
def run(level_cnt, grid_step, N, eps):
grid_dim = 2**(level_cnt-1) # Should remain power of two for easy life
src_list = []
for i in range(N):
src_list.append(source.source(grid_dim * np.random.random(),grid_dim *\
np.random.random(), np.random.random()))
# Map src to nearest lower left grid pnt
src_list[i].grid = (int(np.floor(src_list[i].x/grid_step)), \
int(np.floor(src_list[i].y/grid_step)))
print("Building Tree...")
my_tree = tree.tree(src_list, level_cnt)
my_tree.build()
print("Filling Interaction Lists...")
interactions = interaction.interaction(level_cnt, my_tree)
interactions.fill_list()
leaf_start = 2**(2*(level_cnt-1))
leaf_end = 2*leaf_start
for obs_idx in range(leaf_start, leaf_end):
for src_idx in range(leaf_start, leaf_end):
G = interactions.build_G(my_tree.tree[obs_idx], \
my_tree.tree[src_idx])
if (my_tree.tree[src_idx] == []) or (my_tree.tree[obs_idx] == []):
U, V = np.array([]), np.array([])
else:
U,V = utils.uv_decompose(G, eps)
srcs = np.array([src_list[i] for i in my_tree.tree[src_idx]])
obs_ids = my_tree.tree[obs_idx]
src_vec = np.array([src.weight for src in srcs])
interactions.src_vecs[obs_idx][src_idx] = src_vec
interactions.obs_vecs[obs_idx] = obs_ids
interactions.uv_list[obs_idx][src_idx] = (U,V)
print('Computing UV Decompositions...')
for lvl in range(level_cnt-2, 1, -1):
lb = 2**(2*lvl)
ub = 2*lb
for obs_idx in range(lb,ub):
for src_idx in interactions.list[obs_idx]:
# for src_idx in range(lb,ub):
n = my_tree.get_children(obs_idx,lvl) #rows of merging
m = my_tree.get_children(src_idx,lvl) #cols of merging
uv = [[0,0],[0,0]] # index as [row][col]
for i in range(2):
for j in range(2):
U1, V1 = interactions.uv_list[n[2*i]][m[2*j]]
U2, V2 = interactions.uv_list[n[2*i+1]][m[2*j]]
U3, V3 = interactions.uv_list[n[2*i]][m[2*j+1]]
U4, V4 = interactions.uv_list[n[2*i+1]][m[2*j+1]]
U12,V12 = utils.merge(U1, V1, U2, V2, eps)
U34,V34 = utils.merge(U3, V3, U4, V4, eps)
# Horizontal merge
uv[i][j] = utils.merge(U12, V12, U34, V34, eps, 1)
Um1,Vm1 = utils.merge(uv[0][0][0], uv[0][0][1],\
uv[1][0][0], uv[1][0][1], eps)
Um2,Vm2 = utils.merge(uv[0][1][0], uv[0][1][1], \
uv[1][1][0], uv[1][1][1], eps)
src_vec = np.array([])
obs_ids = []
for box_idx in m:
srcs = np.array([src_list[i] for i in my_tree.tree[box_idx]])
src_vec = np.hstack((src_vec, np.array([src.weight \
for src in srcs])))
for box_idx in n:
obss = np.array([src_list[i] for i in my_tree.tree[box_idx]])
obs_ids = obs_ids + my_tree.tree[box_idx]
U,V = utils.merge(Um1, Vm1, Um2, Vm2, eps, 1)
interactions.src_vecs[obs_idx][src_idx] = src_vec
interactions.obs_vecs[obs_idx] = obs_ids
interactions.uv_list[obs_idx][src_idx] = (U, V)
fast_time = 0
print("Computing Fast Interactions...")
for obs_box_idx in range(len(interactions.list)):
obs_srcs_near = my_tree.tree[obs_box_idx]
obs_srcs_far = interactions.obs_vecs[obs_box_idx]
obs_pot_near = np.zeros(len(obs_srcs_near))
obs_pot_far = np.zeros(len(obs_srcs_far))
for src_box_idx in interactions.list[obs_box_idx]:
# src_srcs = my_tree.tree[src_box_idx]
src_vec = interactions.src_vecs[obs_box_idx][src_box_idx]
# src_vec = np.array([src_list[idx].weight for idx in src_srcs])
U, V = interactions.uv_list[obs_box_idx][src_box_idx]
if np.size(U) != 0:
s = time.clock()
obs_pot_far += np.dot(U, np.dot(V, src_vec))
fast_time += time.clock() - s
#near field interacitons
obs_pot_near += interactions.compute_near(obs_box_idx)
for i, obs in enumerate(obs_srcs_near):
s = time.clock()
interactions.potentials[obs] += obs_pot_near[i]
fast_time += time.clock() - s
for i, obs in enumerate(obs_srcs_far):
s = time.clock()
interactions.potentials[obs] += obs_pot_far[i]
fast_time += time.clock() - s
#Direct Computation
print("Computing Direct Interactions...")
idxs = [i for i in range(N)]
G = interactions.build_G(idxs, idxs)
src_vec = np.array([src.weight for src in src_list])
s = time.clock()
direct_potentials = np.dot(G, src_vec)
slow_time = time.clock() - s
#
error = (lg.norm(interactions.potentials) - lg.norm(direct_potentials))\
/ lg.norm(direct_potentials)
print('Error: ', error)
print('Fast Time: ', fast_time)
print('Slow Time: ', slow_time)
return(fast_time, slow_time, error)
## old testing code but saving it just incase ###
#lvl = 2
#obs_idx = 16
#src_idx = 25
#n = my_tree.get_children(obs_idx,lvl) #rows of merging
#m = my_tree.get_children(src_idx,lvl) #cols of merging
#rank = 1
#uv = [[0,0],[0,0]] # index as [row][col]
#for i in range(2):
# for j in range(2):
# print(i,j)
# U1, V1 = interactions.uv_list[n[2*i]][m[2*j]]
# U2, V2 = interactions.uv_list[n[2*i+1]][m[2*j]]
# U3, V3 = interactions.uv_list[n[2*i]][m[2*j+1]]
# U4, V4 = interactions.uv_list[n[2*i+1]][m[2*j+1]]
#
# U12,V12 = utils.merge(U1, V1, U2, V2, eps)
# U34,V34 = utils.merge(U3, V3, U4, V4, eps)
# # Horizontal merge
# uv[i][j] = utils.merge(U12, V12, U34, V34, eps, 1)
#
#Um1,Vm1 = utils.merge(uv[0][0][0], uv[0][0][1],\
# uv[1][0][0], uv[1][0][1], eps)
#Um2,Vm2 = utils.merge(uv[0][1][0], uv[0][1][1], \
# uv[1][1][0], uv[1][1][1], eps)
#
#U,V = utils.merge(Um1, Vm1, Um2, Vm2, eps, 1)
# Currently works for a grid 40 x 30 and 32 pixel tiles
# Needs to define global vars for grid size, tile size and
# Vertical differential for grid calculation
# Define image file to load .... background_image
# Define image size to set SCREEN size
import pygame, sys, text_to_screen
from tile_Class import Tile
from interaction import interaction
pygame.init()
pygame.font.init()
SCREEN = pygame.display.set_mode((1280, 960)) # 40 x 30
Tile.pre_init(SCREEN)
CLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
FPS = 20
TOTAL_FRAMES = 0
background_image = pygame.image.load('images/map1.png')
while True:
SCREEN.blit(background_image, (0,0))
interaction(SCREEN)
Tile.draw_tiles(SCREEN)
pygame.display.flip()
CLOCK.tick(FPS)
TOTAL_FRAMES += 1
from cmd import Cmd
# import readline
import json
from interaction import interaction
from time import sleep
try:
with open('openbackup_config.json') as config:
config_file = json.load(config)
except FileNotFoundError or PermissionError:
print("Error while reading/opening the configuration file, exiting")
sleep(5)
exit()
command = interaction(
config_file) # Create an interaction object to interact with the DB, passing the config file in parameters
change_options = ["name", "ip"]
list_options = ["switch", "router", "firewall",
"all"]
add_options = ["csv", "device"]
# TODO USE A DB CALL TO RETRIEVE VALUE IN DEVICE TYPE TABLE TO BE DYNAMIC
class Prompt(Cmd):
prompt = "OPENBACKUP>"
def do_set_backup(self,arg):
command.trigger_backup(arg)
pygame.mixer.music.load('audio/tristram.mp3')
pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)
pygame.mixer.music.set_volume(.25)
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1280, 960)) # 40, 30
Tile.pre_init(screen)
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
FPS = 20
total_frames = 0
dungeon = pygame.image.load('images/map1.png')
survivor = Survivor(128, 512)
while True:
screen.blit(dungeon, (0,0) )
Zombie.spawn(total_frames, FPS)
survivor.movement()
Bullet.super_massive_jumbo_loop(screen)
A_Star(screen, survivor, total_frames, FPS)
interaction(screen, survivor)
survivor.draw(screen)
Zombie.update(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(FPS)
total_frames += 1
# Currently works for a grid 40 x 30 and 32 pixel tiles
# Needs to define global vars for grid size, tile size and
# Vertical differential for grid calculation
# Define image file to load .... background_image
# Define image size to set SCREEN size
import pygame, sys, text_to_screen
from tile_Class import Tile
from interaction import interaction
pygame.init()
pygame.font.init()
SCREEN = pygame.display.set_mode((1280, 960)) # 40 x 30
Tile.pre_init(SCREEN)
CLOCK = pygame.time.Clock()
FPS = 20
TOTAL_FRAMES = 0
background_image = pygame.image.load('images/map1.png')
while True:
SCREEN.blit(background_image, (0, 0))
interaction(SCREEN)
Tile.draw_tiles(SCREEN)
pygame.display.flip()
CLOCK.tick(FPS)
TOTAL_FRAMES += 1