def setup(self):
nn = self.options['num_nodes']
flight_phase = self.options['flight_phase']
# any control variables other than throttle and braking need to be defined here
controls = self.add_subsystem('controls', IndepVarComp(), promotes_outputs=['*'])
controls.add_output('proprpm',val=np.ones((nn,))*2000, units='rpm')
# assume TO happens on battery backup
if flight_phase in ['climb', 'cruise','descent']:
controls.add_output('hybridization',val=0.0)
else:
controls.add_output('hybridization',val=1.0)
hybrid_factor = self.add_subsystem('hybrid_factor', LinearInterpolator(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[('start_val', 'hybridization'),
('end_val', 'hybridization')])
propulsion_promotes_outputs = ['fuel_flow','thrust']
propulsion_promotes_inputs = ["fltcond|*", "ac|propulsion|*", "throttle", "propulsor_active",
"ac|weights*", 'duration']
self.add_subsystem('propmodel',
TwinSeriesHybridElectricPropulsionSystem(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=propulsion_promotes_inputs,
promotes_outputs=propulsion_promotes_outputs)
self.connect('proprpm', ['propmodel.prop1.rpm', 'propmodel.prop2.rpm'])
self.connect('hybrid_factor.vec', 'propmodel.hybrid_split.power_split_fraction')
# use a different drag coefficient for takeoff versus cruise
if flight_phase not in ['v0v1', 'v1v0', 'v1vr', 'rotate']:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_cruise'
else:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_TO'
self.add_subsystem('drag', PolarDrag(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=['fltcond|CL', 'ac|geom|*', ('CD0', cd0_source),
'fltcond|q', ('e', 'ac|aero|polar|e')],
promotes_outputs=['drag'])
self.add_subsystem('OEW',TwinSeriesHybridEmptyWeight(),
promotes_inputs=[('P_TO','ac|propulsion|engine|rating'),'*'],
promotes_outputs=['OEW'])
self.connect('propmodel.propellers_weight', 'W_propeller')
self.connect('propmodel.eng1.component_weight', 'W_engine')
self.connect('propmodel.gen1.component_weight', 'W_generator')
self.connect('propmodel.motors_weight', 'W_motors')
intfuel = self.add_subsystem('intfuel', Integrator(num_nodes=nn, method='simpson', diff_units='s',
time_setup='duration'), promotes_inputs=['*'], promotes_outputs=['*'])
intfuel.add_integrand('fuel_used', rate_name='fuel_flow', val=1.0, units='kg')
self.add_subsystem('weight', AddSubtractComp(output_name='weight',
input_names=['ac|weights|MTOW', 'fuel_used'],
units='kg', vec_size=[1, nn],
scaling_factors=[1, -1]),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['weight'])
def setup(self):
nn = self.options['num_nodes']
flight_phase = self.options['flight_phase']
# a propulsion system needs to be defined in order to provide thrust
# information for the mission analysis code
# propulsion_promotes_outputs = ['fuel_flow', 'thrust']
propulsion_promotes_inputs = ["fltcond|*", "throttle"]
self.add_subsystem('propmodel', CFM56(num_nodes=nn, plot=False),
promotes_inputs=propulsion_promotes_inputs)
doubler = om.ExecComp(['thrust=2*thrust_in', 'fuel_flow=2*fuel_flow_in'],
thrust_in={'val': 1.0*np.ones((nn,)),
'units': 'kN'},
thrust={'val': 1.0*np.ones((nn,)),
'units': 'kN'},
fuel_flow={'val': 1.0*np.ones((nn,)),
'units': 'kg/s',
'tags': ['integrate', 'state_name:fuel_used', 'state_units:kg', 'state_val:1.0', 'state_promotes:True']},
fuel_flow_in={'val': 1.0*np.ones((nn,)),
'units': 'kg/s'})
self.add_subsystem('doubler', doubler, promotes_outputs=['*'])
self.connect('propmodel.thrust', 'doubler.thrust_in')
self.connect('propmodel.fuel_flow', 'doubler.fuel_flow_in')
# use a different drag coefficient for takeoff versus cruise
if flight_phase not in ['v0v1', 'v1v0', 'v1vr', 'rotate']:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_cruise'
else:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_TO'
self.add_subsystem('drag', PolarDrag(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=['fltcond|CL', 'ac|geom|*', ('CD0', cd0_source),
'fltcond|q', ('e', 'ac|aero|polar|e')],
promotes_outputs=['drag'])
# generally the weights module will be custom to each airplane
passthru = om.ExecComp('OEW=x',
x={'val': 1.0,
'units': 'kg'},
OEW={'val': 1.0,
'units': 'kg'})
self.add_subsystem('OEW', passthru,
promotes_inputs=[('x', 'ac|weights|OEW')],
promotes_outputs=['OEW'])
self.add_subsystem('weight', oc.AddSubtractComp(output_name='weight',
input_names=['ac|weights|MTOW', 'fuel_used'],
units='kg', vec_size=[1, nn],
scaling_factors=[1, -1]),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['weight'])
def setup(self):
nn = self.options['num_nodes']
flight_phase = self.options['flight_phase']
# no control variables other than throttle and braking
"""
# propulsion system 1: simple turbofan (textbook formula)
from examples.propulsion_layouts.simple_turbofan import TurbofanPropulsionSystem
self.add_subsystem('propmodel', TurbofanPropulsionSystem(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=['fltcond|*', 'ac|propulsion|max_thrust', 'throttle', 'ac|propulsion|num_engine'],
promotes_outputs=['thrust', 'fuel_flow'])
"""
# propulsion system 2: pycycle surrogate
from examples.propulsion_layouts.turbofan_surrogate import TurbofanPropulsionSystem
self.add_subsystem('propmodel', TurbofanPropulsionSystem(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=['fltcond|*', 'throttle'],
promotes_outputs=['thrust', 'fuel_flow'])
#"""
# aerodynamic model
if flight_phase not in ['v0v1', 'v1v0', 'v1vr', 'rotate']:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_cruise'
else:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_TO'
self.add_subsystem('drag', PolarDrag(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=['fltcond|CL', 'ac|geom|*', ('CD0', cd0_source),
'fltcond|q', ('e', 'ac|aero|polar|e')],
promotes_outputs=['drag'])
# weight estimation models
self.add_subsystem('OEW', JetAirlinerEmptyWeight(),
promotes_inputs=['ac|geom|*', 'ac|weights|*', 'ac|propulsion|*', 'ac|misc|*'],
promotes_outputs=['OEW'])
# airplanes which consume fuel will need to integrate
# fuel usage across the mission and subtract it from TOW
nn_simpson = int((nn - 1) / 2)
self.add_subsystem('intfuel', Integrator(num_intervals=nn_simpson, method='simpson',
quantity_units='kg', diff_units='s',
time_setup='duration'),
promotes_inputs=[('dqdt', 'fuel_flow'), 'duration',
('q_initial', 'fuel_used_initial')],
promotes_outputs=[('q', 'fuel_used'), ('q_final', 'fuel_used_final')])
self.add_subsystem('weight', AddSubtractComp(output_name='weight',
input_names=['ac|weights|MTOW', 'fuel_used'],
units='kg', vec_size=[1, nn],
scaling_factors=[1, -1]),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['weight'])
def setup(self):
nn = self.options['num_nodes']
flight_phase = self.options['flight_phase']
# any control variables other than throttle and braking need to be defined here
controls = self.add_subsystem('controls', om.IndepVarComp(), promotes_outputs=['*'])
controls.add_output('prop1rpm', val=np.ones((nn,)) * 2000, units='rpm')
# a propulsion system needs to be defined in order to provide thrust
# information for the mission analysis code
propulsion_promotes_outputs = ['fuel_flow', 'thrust']
propulsion_promotes_inputs = ["fltcond|*", "ac|propulsion|*", "throttle"]
self.add_subsystem('propmodel', TurbopropPropulsionSystem(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=propulsion_promotes_inputs,
promotes_outputs=propulsion_promotes_outputs)
self.connect('prop1rpm', 'propmodel.prop1.rpm')
# use a different drag coefficient for takeoff versus cruise
if flight_phase not in ['v0v1', 'v1v0', 'v1vr', 'rotate']:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_cruise'
else:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_TO'
self.add_subsystem('drag', PolarDrag(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=['fltcond|CL', 'ac|geom|*', ('CD0', cd0_source),
'fltcond|q', ('e', 'ac|aero|polar|e')],
promotes_outputs=['drag'])
# generally the weights module will be custom to each airplane
self.add_subsystem('OEW', SingleTurboPropEmptyWeight(),
promotes_inputs=['*', ('P_TO', 'ac|propulsion|engine|rating')],
promotes_outputs=['OEW'])
self.connect('propmodel.prop1.component_weight', 'W_propeller')
self.connect('propmodel.eng1.component_weight', 'W_engine')
# airplanes which consume fuel will need to integrate
# fuel usage across the mission and subtract it from TOW
intfuel = self.add_subsystem('intfuel', oc.Integrator(num_nodes=nn, method='simpson', diff_units='s',
time_setup='duration'), promotes_inputs=['*'], promotes_outputs=['*'])
intfuel.add_integrand('fuel_used', rate_name='fuel_flow', val=1.0, units='kg')
self.add_subsystem('weight', oc.AddSubtractComp(output_name='weight',
input_names=['ac|weights|MTOW', 'fuel_used'],
units='kg', vec_size=[1, nn],
scaling_factors=[1, -1]),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['weight'])
def setup(self):
nn = self.options['num_nodes']
iv = self.add_subsystem('conditions',
IndepVarComp(),
promotes_outputs=['*'])
self.add_subsystem('polardrag',
PolarDrag(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['*'])
iv.add_output('fltcond|CL', val=np.linspace(0, 1.5, nn))
iv.add_output('fltcond|q',
val=np.ones(nn) * 0.5 * 1.225 * 70**2,
units='N * m**-2')
iv.add_output('ac|geom|wing|S_ref', val=30, units='m**2')
iv.add_output('ac|geom|wing|AR', val=15)
iv.add_output('CD0', val=0.02)
iv.add_output('e', val=0.8)
def setup(self):
nn = self.options['num_nodes']
flight_phase = self.options['flight_phase']
# any control variables other than throttle and braking need to be defined here
controls = self.add_subsystem('controls',
IndepVarComp(),
promotes_outputs=['*'])
controls.add_output('prop1rpm',
val=np.ones((nn, )) * 2000,
units='rpm')
propulsion_promotes_outputs = ['thrust']
propulsion_promotes_inputs = [
"fltcond|*", "ac|propulsion|*", "throttle", "ac|weights|*",
"duration"
]
self.add_subsystem(
'propmodel',
AllElectricSinglePropulsionSystemWithThermal_Compressible(
num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=propulsion_promotes_inputs,
promotes_outputs=propulsion_promotes_outputs)
self.connect('prop1rpm', 'propmodel.prop1.rpm')
# use a different drag coefficient for takeoff versus cruise
if flight_phase not in ['v0v1', 'v1v0', 'v1vr', 'rotate']:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_cruise'
else:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_TO'
self.add_subsystem('drag',
PolarDrag(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[
'fltcond|CL', 'ac|geom|*', ('CD0', cd0_source),
'fltcond|q', ('e', 'ac|aero|polar|e')
],
promotes_outputs=['drag'])
self.add_subsystem('weight',
LinearInterpolator(num_nodes=nn, units='kg'),
promotes_inputs=[('start_val', 'ac|weights|MTOW'),
('end_val', 'ac|weights|MTOW')],
promotes_outputs=[('vec', 'weight')])
def setup(self):
n_int_per_seg = self.options['n_int_per_seg']
track_battery = self.options['track_battery']
track_fuel = self.options['track_fuel']
nn = (n_int_per_seg * 2 + 1)
nn_tot = 3 * nn + 2
#===Some of the generic components take "weight" as an input. Need to re-label Takeoff Weight (TOW) as just weight
dvlist = [['ac|weights|MTOW', 'weight', 2000.0, 'kg'],
['mission|takeoff|v1', 'v1', 40, 'm/s'],
['mission|takeoff|vr', 'vr', 45, 'm/s'],
['ac|aero|polar|CD0_TO', 'CD0', 0.005, None],
['ac|aero|polar|e', 'e', 0.95, None],
[
'fltcond|takeoff|q', 'fltcond|q', 100 * np.ones(nn_tot),
'Pa'
]]
self.add_subsystem('dvs',
DVLabel(dvlist),
promotes_inputs=["*"],
promotes_outputs=["*"])
#===We assume the takeoff starts at 1 m/s to avoid singularities at v=0
const = self.add_subsystem('const', IndepVarComp())
const.add_output('v0', val=1, units='m/s')
const.add_output('reaction_time', val=2, units='s')
#===Lift and Drag Calculations feed the EOMs for the takeoff roll===
self.add_subsystem(
'CL',
TakeoffCLs(n_int_per_seg=n_int_per_seg),
promotes_inputs=["ac|geom|*", "fltcond|*", "weight"],
)
self.add_subsystem(
'drag',
PolarDrag(num_nodes=nn_tot),
promotes_inputs=['ac|geom|*', 'fltcond|q', 'CD0', 'e'],
promotes_outputs=['drag'])
self.add_subsystem('lift',
Lift(num_nodes=nn_tot),
promotes_inputs=['ac|geom|*', 'fltcond|q'],
promotes_outputs=['lift'])
self.connect('CL.CL_takeoff', 'drag.fltcond|CL')
self.connect('CL.CL_takeoff', 'lift.fltcond|CL')
#==The takeoff distance integrator numerically integrates the quantity (speed / acceleration) with respect to speed to obtain distance. Obtain this quantity:
self.add_subsystem(
'accel',
TakeoffAccels(n_int_per_seg=n_int_per_seg),
promotes_inputs=['lift', 'drag', 'takeoff|thrust', 'weight'],
promotes_outputs=['_inverse_accel'])
self.add_subsystem(
'mult',
ElementMultiplyDivideComp(
output_name='_rate_to_integrate',
input_names=['_inverse_accel', 'fltcond|takeoff|Utrue'],
vec_size=nn_tot,
input_units=['s**2/m', 'm/s']),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['_*'])
if track_fuel:
self.add_subsystem(
'fuelflowmult',
ElementMultiplyDivideComp(
output_name='_fuel_flow_rate_to_integrate',
input_names=['_inverse_accel', 'takeoff|fuel_flow'],
vec_size=nn_tot,
input_units=['s**2/m', 'kg/s']),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['_*'])
if track_battery:
self.add_subsystem(
'batterymult',
ElementMultiplyDivideComp(
output_name='_battery_rate_to_integrate',
input_names=['_inverse_accel', 'takeoff|battery_load'],
vec_size=nn_tot,
input_units=['s**2/m', 'J / s']),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['*'])
#==The following boilerplate splits the input flight conditions, thrusts, and fuel flows into the takeoff segments for further analysis
inputs_to_split = [
'_rate_to_integrate', 'fltcond|takeoff|Utrue', 'takeoff|thrust',
'drag', 'lift'
]
units = ['s', 'm/s', 'N', 'N', 'N']
if track_battery:
inputs_to_split.append('_battery_rate_to_integrate')
units.append('J*s/m')
if track_fuel:
inputs_to_split.append('_fuel_flow_rate_to_integrate')
units.append('kg*s/m')
segments_to_split_into = ['v0v1', 'v1vr', 'v1v0', 'vtrans', 'v2']
nn_each_segment = [nn, nn, nn, 1, 1]
split_inst = VectorSplitComp()
for kth, input_name in enumerate(inputs_to_split):
output_names_list = []
for segment in segments_to_split_into:
output_names_list.append(input_name + '_' + segment)
split_inst.add_relation(output_names=output_names_list,
input_name=input_name,
vec_sizes=nn_each_segment,
units=units[kth])
splitter = self.add_subsystem('splitter',
subsys=split_inst,
promotes_inputs=["*"],
promotes_outputs=["*"])
#==Now integrate the three continuous segments: 0 to v1, v1 to rotation with reduced power if applicable, and hard braking
self.add_subsystem(
'v0v1_dist',
IntegrateQuantity(num_intervals=n_int_per_seg,
quantity_units='m',
diff_units='m/s',
force_signs=True))
self.add_subsystem(
'v1vr_dist',
IntegrateQuantity(num_intervals=n_int_per_seg,
quantity_units='m',
diff_units='m/s',
force_signs=True))
self.add_subsystem(
'v1v0_dist',
IntegrateQuantity(num_intervals=n_int_per_seg,
quantity_units='m',
diff_units='m/s',
force_signs=True))
self.connect('_rate_to_integrate_v0v1', 'v0v1_dist.rate')
self.connect('_rate_to_integrate_v1vr', 'v1vr_dist.rate')
self.connect('_rate_to_integrate_v1v0', 'v1v0_dist.rate')
self.connect('const.v0', 'v0v1_dist.lower_limit')
self.connect('v1', 'v0v1_dist.upper_limit')
self.connect('v1', 'v1v0_dist.lower_limit')
self.connect('const.v0', 'v1v0_dist.upper_limit')
self.connect('v1', 'v1vr_dist.lower_limit')
self.connect('vr', 'v1vr_dist.upper_limit')
if track_fuel:
self.add_subsystem(
'v0v1_fuel',
IntegrateQuantity(num_intervals=n_int_per_seg,
quantity_units='kg',
diff_units='m/s',
force_signs=True))
self.add_subsystem(
'v1vr_fuel',
IntegrateQuantity(num_intervals=n_int_per_seg,
quantity_units='kg',
diff_units='m/s',
force_signs=True))
self.connect('_fuel_flow_rate_to_integrate_v0v1', 'v0v1_fuel.rate')
self.connect('_fuel_flow_rate_to_integrate_v1vr', 'v1vr_fuel.rate')
self.connect('const.v0', 'v0v1_fuel.lower_limit')
self.connect('v1',
['v0v1_fuel.upper_limit', 'v1vr_fuel.lower_limit'])
self.connect('vr', 'v1vr_fuel.upper_limit')
if track_battery:
self.add_subsystem(
'v0v1_battery',
IntegrateQuantity(num_intervals=n_int_per_seg,
quantity_units='J',
diff_units='m/s',
force_signs=True))
self.add_subsystem(
'v1vr_battery',
IntegrateQuantity(num_intervals=n_int_per_seg,
quantity_units='J',
diff_units='m/s',
force_signs=True))
self.connect('_battery_rate_to_integrate_v0v1',
'v0v1_battery.rate')
self.connect('_battery_rate_to_integrate_v1vr',
'v1vr_battery.rate')
self.connect('const.v0', 'v0v1_battery.lower_limit')
self.connect(
'v1', ['v0v1_battery.upper_limit', 'v1vr_battery.lower_limit'])
self.connect('vr', 'v1vr_battery.upper_limit')
#==Next compute the transition and climb phase to the specified clearance height. First, need the steady climb-out angle at v2 speed
self.add_subsystem(
'gamma',
TakeoffV2ClimbAngle(),
promotes_inputs=["drag_v2", "takeoff|thrust_v2", "weight"],
promotes_outputs=["takeoff|climb|gamma"])
self.add_subsystem('transition',
TakeoffTransition(),
promotes_inputs=[
"fltcond|takeoff|Utrue_vtrans",
"takeoff|climb|gamma"
],
promotes_outputs=["h_transition", "s_transition"])
self.add_subsystem(
'climb',
TakeoffClimb(),
promotes_inputs=["takeoff|climb|gamma", "h_transition"],
promotes_outputs=["s_climb"])
self.add_subsystem('reaction',
ElementMultiplyDivideComp(
output_name='s_reaction',
input_names=['v1', 'reaction_time'],
vec_size=1,
input_units=['m/s', 's']),
promotes_inputs=['v1'])
self.connect('const.reaction_time', 'reaction.reaction_time')
self.add_subsystem('total_to_distance_continue',
AddSubtractComp(output_name='takeoff|distance',
input_names=[
's_v0v1', 's_v1vr',
's_reaction', 's_transition',
's_climb'
],
vec_size=1,
units='m'),
promotes_outputs=["*"])
self.add_subsystem('total_to_distance_abort',
AddSubtractComp(
output_name='takeoff|distance_abort',
input_names=['s_v0v1', 's_v1v0', 's_reaction'],
vec_size=1,
units='m'),
promotes_outputs=["*"])
self.connect('reaction.s_reaction',
'total_to_distance_continue.s_reaction')
self.connect('reaction.s_reaction',
'total_to_distance_abort.s_reaction')
self.connect('v0v1_dist.delta_quantity', [
'total_to_distance_continue.s_v0v1',
'total_to_distance_abort.s_v0v1'
])
self.connect('v1vr_dist.delta_quantity',
'total_to_distance_continue.s_v1vr')
self.connect('s_transition', 'total_to_distance_continue.s_transition')
self.connect('s_climb', 'total_to_distance_continue.s_climb')
self.connect('v1v0_dist.delta_quantity',
'total_to_distance_abort.s_v1v0')
if track_battery:
self.add_subsystem(
'total_battery',
AddSubtractComp(output_name='takeoff|total_battery_energy',
input_names=['battery_v0v1', 'battery_v1vr'],
units='J'),
promotes_outputs=["*"])
self.connect('v0v1_battery.delta_quantity',
'total_battery.battery_v0v1')
self.connect('v1vr_battery.delta_quantity',
'total_battery.battery_v1vr')
if track_fuel:
self.add_subsystem('total_fuel',
AddSubtractComp(
output_name='takeoff|total_fuel',
input_names=['fuel_v0v1', 'fuel_v1vr'],
units='kg',
scaling_factors=[-1, -1]),
promotes_outputs=["*"])
self.connect('v0v1_fuel.delta_quantity', 'total_fuel.fuel_v0v1')
self.connect('v1vr_fuel.delta_quantity', 'total_fuel.fuel_v1vr')
self.add_subsystem(
'climb_weight',
AddSubtractComp(output_name='weight_after_takeoff',
input_names=['weight', 'takeoff|total_fuel'],
units='kg',
scaling_factors=[1, -1]),
promotes_inputs=["*"],
promotes_outputs=["*"])
def setup(self):
nn = self.options['num_nodes']
flight_phase = self.options['flight_phase']
#=============AERODYNAMICS======================
# use a different drag coefficient for takeoff versus cruise
if flight_phase not in ['v0v1', 'v1v0', 'v1vr', 'rotate']:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_cruise'
else:
cd0_source = 'ac|aero|polar|CD0_TO'
self.add_subsystem('airframe_drag',
PolarDrag(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[
'fltcond|CL', 'ac|geom|*', ('CD0', cd0_source),
'fltcond|q', ('e', 'ac|aero|polar|e')
])
self.promote_add(sources=[
'airframe_drag.drag', 'variable_duct.force.F_net',
'motor_duct.force.F_net'
],
prom_name='drag',
factors=[1.0, -2.0, -2.0],
vec_size=nn,
units='N')
#=============PROPULSION=======================
# Hybrid propulsion motor (model one side only)
self.add_subsystem('hybrid_throttle',
LinearInterpolator(num_nodes=nn, units=None),
promotes_inputs=[
('start_val', 'hybrid_throttle_start'),
('end_val', 'hybrid_throttle_end')
])
self.add_subsystem('hybrid_motor',
SimpleMotor(num_nodes=nn, efficiency=0.95),
promotes_inputs=[('elec_power_rating',
'ac|propulsion|motor|rating')])
self.connect('hybrid_motor.shaft_power_out', 'engine.hybrid_power')
self.connect('hybrid_throttle.vec', 'hybrid_motor.throttle')
# Add a surrogate model for the engine. Inputs are Mach, Alt, Throttle, Hybrid power
self.add_subsystem('engine',
N3Hybrid(num_nodes=nn, plot=False),
promotes_inputs=["fltcond|*", "throttle"])
# double the thrust and fuel flow of the engine and integrate fuel flow
self.promote_mult('engine.thrust',
prom_name='thrust',
factor=2.0,
vec_size=nn,
units='kN')
self.promote_mult('engine.fuel_flow',
prom_name='fuel_flow',
factor=2.0,
vec_size=nn,
units='kg/s',
tags=[
'integrate', 'state_name:fuel_used',
'state_units:kg', 'state_val:1.0',
'state_promotes:True'
])
# Hybrid propulsion battery
self.add_subsystem('battery',
SOCBattery(num_nodes=nn,
efficiency=0.95,
specific_energy=400),
promotes_inputs=[('battery_weight',
'ac|propulsion|battery|weight')])
self.promote_add(sources=[
'hybrid_motor.elec_load', 'refrig.elec_load',
'motorfaultprot.elec_load', 'battery_coolant_pump.elec_load',
'motor_coolant_pump.elec_load'
],
prom_name='elec_load',
factors=[1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0],
vec_size=nn,
val=1.0,
units='kW')
self.connect('elec_load', 'battery.elec_load')
#=============THERMAL======================
thermal_params = self.add_subsystem('thermal_params',
om.IndepVarComp(),
promotes_outputs=['*'])
# properties
thermal_params.add_output('rho_coolant',
val=1020 * np.ones((nn, )),
units='kg/m**3')
# controls
thermal_params.add_output('mdot_coolant_battery',
val=4.8 * np.ones((nn, )),
units='kg/s')
thermal_params.add_output('mdot_coolant_motor',
val=1.2 * np.ones((nn, )),
units='kg/s')
# fault protection needs separate cooler because it needs 40C inflow temp at 3gpm
thermal_params.add_output('mdot_coolant_fault_prot',
val=0.19 * np.ones((nn, )),
units='kg/s')
thermal_params.add_output('bypass_heat_pump', val=np.ones((nn, )))
thermal_params.add_output('variable_duct_nozzle_area_start',
val=20,
units='inch**2')
thermal_params.add_output('variable_duct_nozzle_area_end',
val=20,
units='inch**2')
thermal_params.add_output('heat_pump_specific_power',
val=200.,
units='W/kg')
thermal_params.add_output('heat_pump_eff_factor', val=0.4, units=None)
self.add_subsystem('li_battery',
LinearInterpolator(num_nodes=nn, units='inch**2'),
promotes_outputs=[('vec',
'variable_duct_nozzle_area')])
self.connect('variable_duct_nozzle_area_start', 'li_battery.start_val')
self.connect('variable_duct_nozzle_area_end', 'li_battery.end_val')
self.add_subsystem(
'li_motor',
LinearInterpolator(num_nodes=nn, units='inch**2'),
promotes_inputs=[
('start_val', 'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx_motor|nozzle_area'),
('end_val', 'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx_motor|nozzle_area')
],
promotes_outputs=[('vec', 'motor_duct_area_nozzle_in')])
hx_design_vars = [
'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx|n_wide_cold',
'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx|n_long_cold',
'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx|n_tall'
]
#===========MOTOR LOOP=======================
self.add_subsystem('motorheatsink',
LiquidCooledMotor(num_nodes=nn,
case_cooling_coefficient=2100.,
quasi_steady=False),
promotes_inputs=[('power_rating',
'ac|propulsion|motor|rating')])
self.connect('hybrid_motor.heat_out', 'motorheatsink.q_in')
self.connect('hybrid_motor.component_weight',
'motorheatsink.motor_weight')
self.add_subsystem('motorfaultprot',
MotorFaultProtection(num_nodes=nn))
self.connect('hybrid_motor.elec_load', 'motorfaultprot.motor_power')
self.add_subsystem('hx_motor',
HXGroup(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[(a, a.replace('hx', 'hx_motor'))
for a in hx_design_vars])
self.connect('rho_coolant', 'hx_motor.rho_hot')
fault_prot_promotes = [
('ac|propulsion|thermal|hx|n_wide_cold',
'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx_motor|n_wide_cold'),
('ac|propulsion|thermal|hx|n_long_cold',
'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx_fault_prot|n_long_cold'),
('ac|propulsion|thermal|hx|n_tall',
'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx_motor|n_tall')
]
self.add_subsystem('hx_fault_prot',
HXGroup(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=fault_prot_promotes)
self.connect('rho_coolant', [
'hx_fault_prot.rho_hot', 'motor_hose.rho_coolant',
'motor_coolant_pump.rho_coolant'
])
self.add_subsystem('motor_duct',
ImplicitCompressibleDuct_ExternalHX(num_nodes=nn,
cfg=0.90),
promotes_inputs=[('p_inf', 'fltcond|p'),
('T_inf', 'fltcond|T'),
('Utrue', 'fltcond|Utrue'),
('area_nozzle_in',
'motor_duct_area_nozzle_in')])
self.add_subsystem('motor_hose',
SimpleHose(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[
('hose_length',
'ac|geom|thermal|hx_to_motor_length'),
('hose_diameter',
'ac|geom|thermal|hx_to_motor_diameter')
])
self.add_subsystem(
'motor_coolant_pump',
SimplePump(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[
('power_rating',
'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx_motor|pump_power_rating')
])
self.promote_add(
sources=['motor_hose.delta_p', 'hx_motor.delta_p_hot'],
prom_name='pressure_drop_motor_loop',
factors=[1.0, -1.0],
vec_size=nn,
units='Pa')
self.connect('pressure_drop_motor_loop', 'motor_coolant_pump.delta_p')
# in to HXGroup:
self.connect('motor_duct.sta2.T', 'hx_fault_prot.T_in_cold')
self.connect('hx_fault_prot.T_out_cold', 'hx_motor.T_in_cold')
self.connect('motor_duct.sta2.rho',
['hx_motor.rho_cold', 'hx_fault_prot.rho_cold'])
self.connect('motor_duct.mdot',
['hx_motor.mdot_cold', 'hx_fault_prot.mdot_cold'])
self.connect('motorheatsink.T_out', 'hx_motor.T_in_hot')
self.connect('motorfaultprot.T_out', 'hx_fault_prot.T_in_hot')
self.connect('mdot_coolant_motor', [
'motorheatsink.mdot_coolant', 'hx_motor.mdot_hot',
'motor_hose.mdot_coolant', 'motor_coolant_pump.mdot_coolant'
])
self.connect('mdot_coolant_fault_prot',
['motorfaultprot.mdot_coolant', 'hx_fault_prot.mdot_hot'])
#out from HXGroup
self.connect('hx_motor.frontal_area',
['motor_duct.area_2', 'motor_duct.area_3'])
self.connect('hx_motor.delta_p_cold',
'motorfaultprot.delta_p_motor_hx')
self.connect('hx_fault_prot.delta_p_cold',
'motorfaultprot.delta_p_fault_prot_hx')
self.connect('motorfaultprot.delta_p_stack', 'motor_duct.sta3.delta_p')
self.connect('hx_motor.heat_transfer',
'motorfaultprot.heat_transfer_motor_hx')
self.connect('hx_fault_prot.heat_transfer',
'motorfaultprot.heat_transfer_fault_prot_hx')
self.connect('motorfaultprot.heat_transfer', 'motor_duct.sta3.heat_in')
self.connect('hx_motor.T_out_hot', 'motorheatsink.T_in')
self.connect('hx_fault_prot.T_out_hot', 'motorfaultprot.T_in')
#=========BATTERY LOOP=====================
self.add_subsystem('batteryheatsink',
LiquidCooledBattery(num_nodes=nn,
quasi_steady=False),
promotes_inputs=[('battery_weight',
'ac|propulsion|battery|weight')])
self.connect('battery.heat_out', 'batteryheatsink.q_in')
# self.connect('mdot_coolant_battery', ['batteryheatsink.mdot_coolant', 'hx_battery.mdot_hot', 'battery_hose.mdot_coolant', 'battery_coolant_pump.mdot_coolant'])
self.connect('mdot_coolant_battery', [
'batteryheatsink.mdot_coolant', 'refrig.mdot_coolant',
'hx_battery.mdot_hot', 'battery_hose.mdot_coolant',
'battery_coolant_pump.mdot_coolant'
])
self.connect('batteryheatsink.T_out', 'refrig.T_in_cold')
self.connect('refrig.T_out_cold', 'batteryheatsink.T_in')
self.add_subsystem('hx_battery',
HXGroup(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=hx_design_vars)
self.connect('rho_coolant', [
'hx_battery.rho_hot', 'battery_hose.rho_coolant',
'battery_coolant_pump.rho_coolant'
])
# Hot side balance param will be set to the cooling duct nozzle area
self.add_subsystem('refrig',
HeatPumpWithIntegratedCoolantLoop(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[
('power_rating',
'ac|propulsion|thermal|heatpump|power_rating')
])
self.connect('heat_pump_eff_factor', 'refrig.eff_factor')
self.connect('heat_pump_specific_power', 'refrig.specific_power')
self.add_subsystem('variable_duct',
ImplicitCompressibleDuct_ExternalHX(num_nodes=nn,
cfg=0.95),
promotes_inputs=[('p_inf', 'fltcond|p'),
('T_inf', 'fltcond|T'),
('Utrue', 'fltcond|Utrue')])
self.connect('variable_duct_nozzle_area',
'variable_duct.area_nozzle_in')
self.add_subsystem('battery_hose',
SimpleHose(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[
('hose_length',
'ac|geom|thermal|hx_to_battery_length'),
('hose_diameter',
'ac|geom|thermal|hx_to_battery_diameter')
])
self.add_subsystem('battery_coolant_pump',
SimplePump(num_nodes=nn),
promotes_inputs=[
('power_rating',
'ac|propulsion|thermal|hx|pump_power_rating')
])
self.promote_add(
sources=['battery_hose.delta_p', 'hx_battery.delta_p_hot'],
prom_name='pressure_drop_battery_loop',
factors=[1.0, -1.0],
vec_size=nn,
units='Pa')
self.connect('pressure_drop_battery_loop',
'battery_coolant_pump.delta_p')
# in to HXGroup:
self.connect('variable_duct.sta2.T', 'hx_battery.T_in_cold')
self.connect('variable_duct.sta2.rho', 'hx_battery.rho_cold')
self.connect('variable_duct.mdot', 'hx_battery.mdot_cold')
#out from HXGroup
self.connect('hx_battery.frontal_area',
['variable_duct.area_2', 'variable_duct.area_3'])
self.connect('hx_battery.delta_p_cold', 'variable_duct.sta3.delta_p')
self.connect('hx_battery.heat_transfer', 'variable_duct.sta3.heat_in')
self.connect('hx_battery.T_out_hot', 'refrig.T_in_hot')
self.connect('refrig.T_out_hot', 'hx_battery.T_in_hot')
# self.connect('hx_battery.T_out_hot', 'batteryheatsink.T_in')
# self.connect('batteryheatsink.T_out', 'hx_battery.T_in_hot')
#=============WEIGHTS======================
# generally the weights module will be custom to each airplane
# Motor, Battery, TMS, N+3 weight delta
self.promote_add(sources=[
'refrig.component_weight', 'hx_motor.component_weight',
'hx_battery.component_weight', 'battery_hose.component_weight',
'battery_coolant_pump.component_weight',
'motor_hose.component_weight',
'motor_coolant_pump.component_weight',
'hx_fault_prot.component_weight', 'hybrid_motor.component_weight'
],
promoted_sources=['ac|weights|OEW'],
prom_name='OEW',
factors=[
2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 1.0
],
vec_size=1,
units='kg')
self.add_subsystem('weight',
oc.AddSubtractComp(output_name='weight',
input_names=[
'ac|design_mission|TOW',
'fuel_used'
],
units='kg',
vec_size=[1, nn],
scaling_factors=[1, -1]),
promotes_inputs=['*'],
promotes_outputs=['weight'])
self.promote_add(sources=[],
promoted_sources=[
'ac|design_mission|TOW', 'OEW', 'fuel_used_final',
'ac|propulsion|battery|weight'
],
prom_name='margin',
factors=[1.0, -1.0, -1.0, -2.0],
vec_size=1,
units='kg')
