def test_group():
# Test all types
D = Device()
E1 = pg.ellipse(radii=(10, 5), angle_resolution=2.5, layer=0)
E2 = pg.rectangle(size=(4, 2), layer=0).movex(15)
e1 = D << E1
e2 = D << E2
e3 = D << E2
e4 = D.add_label('hello', position=(1.5, -1.5))
e5 = pg.snspd()
e6 = D.add_polygon([(8, 6, 7, 9, 7, 0), (6, 8, 9, 5, 7, 0)])
e7 = D.add_array(pg.cross())
e2verify = D << E2
# Test creation and addition
G = Group()
G.add(e1)
G.add(e2)
G.add([e3, e4, e5])
G += (e6, e7)
assert np.allclose(G.bbox.flatten(), np.array([-10., -8.5, 105., 105.]))
# Test movement
G.move((2, 7))
e2verify.move((2, 7))
assert np.allclose(G.bbox.flatten(), np.array([-8., -1.5, 107., 112.]))
assert all(e2.center == e2verify.center)
assert e2.rotation == e2verify.rotation
# Test rotation
G.rotate(90, center=(5, 5))
e2verify.rotate(90, center=(5, 5))
assert np.allclose(G.bbox.flatten(), np.array([-102., -8., 11.5, 107.]))
assert all(e2.center == e2verify.center)
assert e2.rotation == e2verify.rotation
# Test mirroring
G.mirror(p1=(1, 1), p2=(-1, 1))
e2verify.mirror(p1=(1, 1), p2=(-1, 1))
assert np.allclose(G.bbox.flatten(), np.array([-102., -105., 11.5, 10.]))
assert all(e2.center == e2verify.center)
assert e2.rotation == e2verify.rotation
h = D.hash_geometry(precision=1e-4)
assert (h == '3964acb3971771c6e70ceb587c2ae8b37f2ed112')
a.bbox.tolist() == [[0.0, 0.0], [216.0, 104.0]]
qp(D)
#==============================================================================
# Adding premade geometry with phidl.geometry
#==============================================================================
# Usually at the beginning of a phidl file we import the phidl.geometry module
# as ``pg``, like this:
import phidl.geometry as pg
# The ``pg`` module contains dozens of premade shapes and structures, ranging
# from simple ones like ellipses to complex photonic structures. Let's create
# a few simple structures and plot them
D = Device()
G1 = pg.ellipse(radii=(10, 5), angle_resolution=2.5, layer=1)
G2 = pg.snspd(wire_width=0.2, wire_pitch=0.6, size=(10, 8), layer=2)
G3 = pg.rectangle(size=(10, 5), layer=3)
g1 = D.add_ref(G1)
g2 = D.add_ref(G2)
g3 = D.add_ref(G3)
g1.xmin = g2.xmax + 5
g3.xmin = g1.xmax + 5
qp(D)
# There are dozens of these types of structures. See the /phidl/geometry.py
# file for a full geometry list. Note some of the more complex shapes are
# experimental and may change with time.
# Let's save this file so we can practice importing it in the next step
D.write_gds('MyNewGDS.gds')
def do_something_interesting():
x_section = Device()
def insert_wx(layname, width, x):
# insert a rectangle with a given width and center x. Height doesn't matter.
shape = x_section << pg.rectangle((width, 2), layer=lys[layname])
shape.x = x
shape.y = 50
return shape
def insert(layname, xmin, xmax):
# insert a rectangle spanning these x coordinates
shape = x_section << pg.rectangle((xmax - xmin, 2), layer=lys[layname])
shape.xmin = xmin
shape.y = 50
return shape
# LED
ppdopant_x = .65
outer_wgx = ppdopant_x + .17
insert_wx('wg_deep', 2 * outer_wgx, 0)
insert('wg_shallow', .15, outer_wgx)
insert('wg_shallow', -outer_wgx, -.15)
insert_wx('dp_e', .1, 0)
insert('dp_n', .05, outer_wgx)
insert('dp_p', -outer_wgx, -.05)
insert_wx('dp_n+', .3, ppdopant_x)
insert_wx('dp_p+', .3, -ppdopant_x)
for side in [-1, 1]:
insert_wx('m4_ledpad', .28, side * ppdopant_x)
insert_wx('v3', .25, side * ppdopant_x)
insert_wx('m5_wiring', .3, side * ppdopant_x)
insert_wx('m5_wiring', .6, side * (ppdopant_x + .3))
insert_wx('v5', side * .4, side * (ppdopant_x + .4))
# WG
wg = insert_wx('wg_deep', .2, 2)
# SNSPD
nw = insert_wx('m2_nw', .3, wg.xmax + 1)
pad = insert('m1_nwpad', nw.xmax - .1, nw.xmax + .4)
via = insert('v3', pad.xmax - .3, pad.xmax - .1)
wire = insert('m5_wiring', pad.x, pad.x + 1)
insert_wx('v5', .3, wire.xmax - .2)
# htron
snspd = x_section << pg.snspd(
wire_width=0.05, wire_pitch=0.3, size=(2, 2), layer=lys['m2_nw'])
snspd.rotate(90)
snspd.y = wire.y
snspd.xmin = wire.xmax + 1
heater = x_section << pg.rectangle((2.4, 2), layer=lys['m3_res'])
heater.xmin = snspd.xmin
heater.y = snspd.y
pad = insert('m1_nwpad', snspd.xmin - .5, snspd.xmin + .02)
via = insert('v5', pad.xmin, pad.xmax - .2)
wire = insert_wx('m5_wiring', .4, via.x)
insert_wx('v3', .3, wire.x - .05)
# pad = insert('m1_nwpad', heater.xmax - .2, heater.xmax-.05)
via = insert('v5', heater.xmax - .2, heater.xmax - .05)
wire = insert_wx('m5_wiring', .4, via.x)
insert_wx('v3', .3, wire.x - .05)
# resistor
res = insert_wx('m3_res', 2, wire.xmax + 1.5)
via1 = insert('v5', res.xmin + .1, res.xmin + .5)
wire1 = insert_wx('m5_wiring', .5, via1.x)
insert_wx('v3', .4, wire1.x)
via2 = insert('v5', res.xmax - .5, res.xmax - .1)
wire2 = insert_wx('m5_wiring', .5, via2.x)
insert_wx('v3', .4, wire2.x)
insert('wg_deep', wire1.xmin - .1, wire2.xmax + .1)
return x_section
create_image(D, 'optimal_step')
# example-optimal_90deg
import phidl.geometry as pg
from phidl import quickplot as qp
D = pg.optimal_90deg(width = 100.0, num_pts = 15, length_adjust = 1, layer = 0)
qp(D) # quickplot the geometry
create_image(D, 'optimal_90deg')
# example-snspd
import phidl.geometry as pg
from phidl import quickplot as qp
D = pg.snspd(wire_width = 0.2, wire_pitch = 0.6, size = (10,8),
num_squares = None, turn_ratio = 4,
terminals_same_side = False, layer = 0)
qp(D) # quickplot the geometry
create_image(D, 'snspd')
# example-snspd_expanded
import phidl.geometry as pg
from phidl import quickplot as qp
D = pg.snspd_expanded(wire_width = 0.3, wire_pitch = 0.6, size = (10,8),
num_squares = None, connector_width = 1, connector_symmetric = False,
turn_ratio = 4, terminals_same_side = False, layer = 0)
qp(D) # quickplot the geometry
create_image(D, 'snspd_expanded')
port=Port(
name=p.name,
midpoint=p.midpoint,
width=p.width,
orientation=p.orientation,
parent=p.parent,
)
)
for poly in device.polygons:
component.add_polygon(poly)
for label in device.labels:
component.add_label(
text=label.text,
position=label.position,
layer=(label.layer, label.texttype),
)
return component
if __name__ == "__main__":
import phidl.geometry as pg
import gdsfactory as gf
c = pg.rectangle()
c = pg.snspd()
c2 = from_phidl(component=c)
print(c2.ports)
gf.show(c2)
def wg_to_snspd(wgnw_width=0.1,
wgnw_length=100,
wgnw_gap=0.15,
num_squares=5000.0,
meander_width=0.4,
meander_fill_factor=0.5,
wg_width=0.75):
''' Waveguide coupled to SNSPD with inductor (meander).
The length and width of the meander are chosen so that it is approximately square
Args:
meander_width (float): nanowire width within meander inductor
num_squares (float): total squares in meander and out-and-back
wgnw_width (float): width of out-and-back nanowire
wgnw_length (float): length of out-and-back
wgnw_gap (float): spacing between the out-and-back wires
wg_width (float): waveguide width
Ports:
el_1: wiring port
el_gnd: wiring port
wg_in: input optical port
de_edge: edge of explicit waveguide on the SNSPD side
'''
D = Device('wg_to_snspd')
# Calculations and checks
numsquares_wgnw = 2 * wgnw_length / wgnw_width
numsquares_meander = num_squares - numsquares_wgnw
if numsquares_meander < 1000:
print(
'Warning: Not enough squares in SNSPD meander. Clipped to 1000 from {:.1f}'
.format(numsquares_meander))
numsquares_meander = 1000
meander_pitch = meander_width / meander_fill_factor
meander_length = np.sqrt(numsquares_meander * meander_width *
meander_pitch)
wgnw_pitch = wgnw_width + wgnw_gap
wgnw_distance_to_edge = wg_width / 2 - wgnw_width - wgnw_gap / 2
if wgnw_distance_to_edge < 0:
print('Warning: nanowire will overhang side of waveguide by {:.3f} um'.
format(-wgnw_distance_to_edge))
numsquares_per_taper = 3 # approximate
D.info[
'num_squares'] = numsquares_meander + numsquares_wgnw - meander_length / meander_width + 3 * numsquares_per_taper
# D.info['expected_resistance'] = D.info['num_squares']*EXPECTED_RSQ_WSI
D.info['wire_width'] = wgnw_width
D.info['length'] = wgnw_length
# Geometry
meander = D << pg.snspd(wire_width=meander_width,
wire_pitch=meander_pitch,
terminals_same_side=False,
size=(meander_length, None),
num_squares=numsquares_meander,
layer=lys['m2_nw'])
meander.reflect(p1=(0, 0), p2=(1, 0))
Taper = pg.optimal_step(start_width=wgnw_width,
end_width=meander_width,
num_pts=50,
width_tol=1e-3,
anticrowding_factor=1.2,
layer=lys['m2_nw'])
taper1 = D << Taper
taper1.connect(2, meander.ports[1])
wgnw = D << pg.optimal_hairpin(width=wgnw_width,
pitch=wgnw_pitch,
length=wgnw_length,
layer=lys['m2_nw'])
wgnw.connect(2, taper1.ports[1])
taper2 = D << Taper
taper2.reflect()
taper2.connect(1, wgnw.ports[1])
# Electrical ports
exit_bend = D << pg.optimal_90deg(
width=meander_width, num_pts=15, length_adjust=1, layer=lys['m2_nw'])
exit_bend.connect(port=2, destination=taper2.ports[2])
D.add_port('el_gnd', port=exit_bend.ports[1])
exit_taper = D << pg.optimal_step(start_width=meander_width,
end_width=meander_width * 4,
num_pts=50,
width_tol=1e-3,
anticrowding_factor=1.2,
layer=lys['m2_nw'])
exit_taper.connect(1, meander.ports[2])
D.add_port('el_1', port=exit_taper.ports[2])
# Waveguide and optical ports
wg = D << pg.compass(size=[wgnw_length + wgnw_distance_to_edge, wg_width],
layer=lys['wg_deep'])
wg.xmax = wgnw.xmax
wg.y = wgnw.y
D.add_port('de_edge', port=wg.ports['E'])
D.add_port('wg_in', port=wg.ports['W'])
D.ports['de_edge'].info['is_waveguide_edge'] = True
pos = D.ports['wg_in'].midpoint
D.move(-1 * pos)
return D