def __init__(self,
pos,
dirn,
wavelength=None,
intensity=1.0,
index=AirIndex()):
"""
Constructor for to set parameters
"""
if isinstance(pos, ParaxialRay):
Ray.__init__(self, pos.wavelength, pos.intensity,
pos.refractiveindex)
self.position = Vector3d(0.0, pos.h, pos.z)
self.director = Unit3d(Angle(pos.u))
else:
if isinstance(pos, SourcePoint):
intensity = pos.spectrum
Ray.__init__(self, wavelength, intensity,
index) # Set wavelnegth intensity and index in super
self.position = Vector3d(
pos
) # Make localcopy of Position and Director (since they get updated)
self.director = Unit3d(dirn)
self.pathlength = None # Set opl to none (not calculated)
def imagePoint(self, op):
"""
Method to calcualte three-dimensional image of a point in object space in global
coordinates using geometric optics. op be in range of formats:
- float, Angle, Unit3d: assumes an infinite object.
- Vector3d: finite object at specified vector location.
:param op: Position of object point
:type op: Vector3d or Unit3d or Angle or float
:return: Position the image point as vector.Vector3d
This is
"""
if isinstance(op, (float, int, Unit3d, Angle)): # Infitite Object
op = Unit3d().parseAngle(op) # Sort out angle
p = Vector3d(0, 0, self.backNodalPoint())
return Vector3d(p + op * (self.backFocalLength() / op.z))
elif isinstance(op, Vector3d): # Finite object
u = self.frontPrincipalPlane() - op.z
v = u / (self.backPower() * u - 1)
ip = self.backPrincipalPlane() + v # Image location
mag = -v / u
return Vector3d(mag * op.x, mag * op.y, ip)
else:
raise TypeError(
"matrix.ParaxialGroup.pointImage: called with unknown type {0:s}"
.format(str(op)))
def __init__(self, pt=0.0, radius=1.0):
if isinstance(pt, (float, int)):
self.point = Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, pt)
else:
self.point = Vector3d(pt)
self.maxRadius = float(radius)
def __init__(self, pos, s=1.0):
"""
Create a 3d source point
"""
if isinstance(pos, (float, int)):
Vector3d.__init__(self, 0, 0, pos)
else:
Vector3d.__init__(self, pos)
if isinstance(s, Spectrum): # Add spectrum if given
self.spectrum = s
else:
self.spectrum = Spectrum(s) # Set constant spectrum
def getVector3d(prompt, default=None, maxabs=None):
"""
Read a Vector3d from the terminal with checking.
Format from terminal may be 'x,y,z' OR '[x,y,z]', also each componet
will be evaluated.
:param prompt: the prompt to be displayed
:type prompt: str
:param default: the default value (may be None)
:type default: Vector3d
:param maxabs: abs max value of the Vector3d (defaults to None)
:type maxabs: float
:return: the set Vector3d
Its also Tries to evaluate any sensible string as a Vector3d.
"""
if maxabs == None:
maxabs = float("Inf")
while True:
val = __getInput(prompt, default)
try:
if isinstance(val, str): # Its a string
val = eval(val) # Eval list
vec = Vector3d(val)
if abs(vec) <= maxabs:
return vec # Success
else:
logger.error("Abs value of '{0:s}' greater than '{1:6.3e}'".\
format(repr(vec), maxabs))
except (ValueError,NameError,ZeroDivisionError,SyntaxError):
logger.error("Conversion of '{0:s}' to Vector3d failed.".format(str(val)))
def main():
lens = DataBaseLens("Tessar-F6.3")
lens.setIris(0.7)
u = Unit3d().parseAngle("5")
pencil = RayPencil().addBeam(lens, u, "array", path=True)
pencil *= lens
ep = lens.exitPupil()
t.tprint(repr(ep))
rpt = lens.imagePoint(u)
rpt += Vector3d(0, 0, 0.2)
t.tprint("Image point is ", repr(rpt))
ws = WavePointSet(ep.getRadius()).setWithRays(pencil, ep, refpt=rpt)
zw = ws.fitZernike(4)
t.tprint(repr(zw))
t.tprint("Error is : ",
str(ws.zerr)) # Show the fitting error for each component
zw.plot()
ws.plot()
inter = Interferometer(zw)
inter.draw(0.0, 0.0)
plt.show()
def __init__(self,
pt=Vector3d(),
xpixel=256,
ypixel=None,
xsize=200,
ysize=None,
wave=TriColour):
"""
Form the OpticalImage with either blank array of nmpy image array
"""
if isinstance(pt, ImagePlane): # Deal with ImagePlane
ImagePlane.__init__(self, pt.point, pt.xsize, pt.ysize)
else:
if ysize == None:
ysize = xsize
ImagePlane.__init__(self, pt, xsize,
ysize) # Set underying ImagePlane
if isinstance(xpixel, int):
if ypixel == None:
ypixel = xpixel
self.image = np.zeros((xpixel, ypixel, 3)) # Make array of zeros.
else:
self.image = xpixel # assume numpy array given
self.xpixel, self.ypixel, c = self.image.shape # set xpixel and ypixel from image data
self.wavelengths = wave
def __init__(self,lens, design = None):
"""
Constructor
"""
self.lens = lens
self.design = getDesignWavelength(design)
self.refpt = Vector3d()
self.ip = self.lens.backFocalPlane(self.design) # Make back focal plane to proagate to
def getPoint(self):
"""
Method to get the group point, used by other optics classes.
:return: get the group point Vector3d
For compatibility for OpticalGroup.
"""
return Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, self.input_plane)
def getWavePointSet(self,source,wave = None,nrays = 10,refopt = 1):
"""
Get the WavePointSet for collimated beam in the exitpupil of the lens
:param source: source of input beeam, either SourcePoint, Unit3d or angle.
:type source: SourcePoint, Unit3d, Angle or float
:param wave: analysis wavelength
:type wave: float
:param nrays: number of raays across input aperture, (Default = 10)
:type nrays: int
:param refopt: reference point option, 0 = paraxial, 1 = centre of PSF in image plane, 2 = optimal area PSF
:type refopt: int
"""
# Sort out angle
if isinstance(source,SourcePoint):
u = Vector3d(source)
elif isinstance(source,float) or isinstance(source,int):
u = Unit3d(Angle(source))
else:
u = Unit3d(source)
# Make pencil with array and record path, and propagate through lens
pencil = RayPencil().addBeam(self.lens,u,"array",nrays=nrays,wavelength=wave,path=True)
pencil *= self.lens
# Get image point of object
self.refpt = self.lens.imagePoint(u,self.design) # Paraxial point location
pt = self.lens.getPoint()
self.ip = OpticalPlane(Vector3d(pt.x,pt.y,self.refpt.z))
if refopt == 0: # got what we need aready
None
elif refopt == 1:
self.refpt = Psf().setWithRays(pencil,self.ip) # Centre of PSF in image plane
elif refopt == 2:
self.refpt = Psf().optimalArea(pencil,self.ip) # Optimal area PSF, not in image plane
else:
print("Illegal ref type")
ep = self.lens.exitPupil(self.design) # Exit pupil of lens
# Form the wavefront
wf = WavePointSet(ep.getRadius()).setWithRays(pencil,ep,self.refpt)
return wf
def main():
a = Vector3d(1,2,3)
b = a.set([4,5,6])
print(repr(b))
u = Unit3d().parseAngle("35","71")
print(repr(u))
v = getUnit3d("Direction")
print(repr(v))
def __init__(self,
pos=0.0,
intensity=1.0,
major=1.0,
minor=None,
alpha=0.0,
wavelength=None):
"""
Constructor
"""
if isinstance(pos, float):
Vector3d.__init__(self, [0.0, 0.0, pos])
else:
Vector3d.__init__(self, pos)
self.intensity = 1.0
self.major = major
if minor == None:
self.minor = self.major
else:
self.minor = minor
self.alpha = alpha
self.wavelength = getDefaultWavelength(wavelength)
def setPoint(self,pt = 0.0):
"""
Method to set the surface reference point in a consistent way for
all surfaces. The specified point can be copy from Surface, Vector3d,
list, truple, Vector2d or float/int.
:param pt: surface point can be Surface, Vector3d, 3 component list/truple, Vector2d with z = 0, float giving (0,0,z), (Default = 0.0)
:type z_or_v: Vector3d, list[], Vector2d or float
:return: self
"""
if isinstance(pt,Surface):
self.point = pt.point.copy()
elif isinstance(pt,(Vector3d,list,tuple)):
self.point = Vector3d(pt)
elif isinstance(pt,Vector2d):
self.point = Vector3d(pt.x,pt.y,0.0)
elif isinstance(pt,(float,int)):
self.point = Vector3d(0.0,0.0,pt)
else:
raise TypeError("surface.Surface.setPoint: called with unknown type")
return self
def getSurfaceInteraction(self,ray):
"""
Method to get get surface interaction information for a ray.
:param ray: the Ray
:type ray: poptics.ray.Ray
:return: SurfaceInteration with reference point and other parameters invalid
This is abstract surface, so only type, surface point and
refarctive index will be valid.
"""
pt = self.getPoint()
return SurfaceInteraction(self.type,pt,float("nan"),\
Vector3d().setInvalid(),Blocked,self.refractiveindex)
def setKnife(self,knife = 0.0, theta = 0.0, shift = 0.0):
"""
Set the knife parameters
:param knife: distance of knife edge from axis (Default = 0.0)
:type knife: float
:param theta: angle of knife edge wrt to y-axis in radians (Default = 0.0)
:type theta: float
:param shift: distance along the z axis from the aperture position (Default = 0.0)
:type shift: float
"""
self.knife = float(knife)
self.theta = float(theta)
self.shift = Vector3d(0.0,0.0,shift) # Hold shift as vector
return self
def incrementPoint(self,delta):
"""
Move the reference point by specifed amount. Distance moved
can be a Vector3d OR float where the movement will be along the
z-axis.
:param delta: distance moved
:type delta: Vector3d or float
:return: self
"""
if isinstance(delta,(float,int)):
self.point += Vector3d(0.0,0.0,float(delta))
else:
self.point += delta
return self
def getGradient(self, ray):
"""
Method to calcualte the Gradient as specifed ray position
"""
p = ray.position
n = self.index.getValue(ray)
x = p.x - self.point.x
y = p.y - self.point.y
rsqr = x * x + y * y
dx = 2 * n * x * self.coef[1]
dy = 2 * n * y * self.coef[1]
"""
for i in range(2,len(self.coef)):
r = math.pow(rsqr,i-1)
dx += 2*x*n*i*coef[i]*r
dy += 2*y*n*i*coef[i]*r
"""
return Vector3d(dx, dy, 0.0)
def main():
# Form two apertures both 20mm with Iris closed to 0.5 ratio
ca = CircularAperture(50, 20)
iris = IrisAperture(80, 20, 0.5)
# source for the rays at (0,10,-50) in global coordinates
source = SourcePoint(Vector3d(0.0, 10, -50))
# Form a pencil is the circular aperture as specified angle of 0.45 microns
# and add a RayPath to ech ray
pencil = RayPencil().addBeam(ca, source,
wavelength=0.65).addMonitor(RayPath())
# Propgate throgh the the both aperture and another 30 mm to make it visible
pencil *= ca
pencil *= iris
pencil += 30
# Make a diagram
ca.draw()
iris.draw()
pencil.draw()
plt.axis("equal")
plt.show()
def __str__(self):
"""
Implement str
"""
return Vector3d.__str__(self) + " s: " + str(self.spectrum)
def getPoint(self):
"""
Method to get the input point. used by orher optics classes
"""
return Vector3d(0.0, 0.0, self.getInputPlane())
def drawAberrationPlot(self,angle,wavelength = None ,colour=["r","g","b"],legend = "lower left"):
"""
Form and draw the plots at specified angle
:param angle: the ray angle
:type angle: float or Angle or Unit3d
:param colour: line colours is three elemnts list, Default = ["r","g","b"])
:param legend: location of ledgend, (Default = "lower left")
:type legend: str
"""
if isinstance(angle,float):
u = Unit3d(Angle(angle)) # direction of beam
else:
u = Unit3d(angle)
angle = Angle(u).theta
wavelength = getDefaultWavelength(wavelength)
ref = self.lens.imagePoint(u,self.design) # Get image point at design wavelength
ip = OpticalPlane(ref) # Image plane
nrays = 50
ca = self.lens.entranceAperture()
# Make list for plots
mvals = [] # Meridional
svalsx = [] # Sagittal x
svalsy = [] # Sagittal y
# Start of loop to make rays
rscan = np.linspace(-ca.maxRadius,ca.maxRadius,nrays + 1)
for r in rscan:
# Make two rays
mray = IntensityRay(ca.point + Vector3d(0.0, r, 0.0), u, wavelength)
sray = IntensityRay(ca.point + Vector3d(r, 0.0, 0.0), u, wavelength)
# Add to pencil and propagate both back to clear lens
pencil = RayPencil(mray,sray).propagate(-ca.maxRadius)
# propagate through lens to image surafce
pencil *= self.lens
pencil *= ip
# If rays valid (so not blocked), abberations to list
if mray:
mpos = mray.position - ref
mvals.append(mpos.y)
else:
mvals.append(float("nan"))
if sray:
spos = sray.position - ref
svalsx.append(spos.x)
svalsy.append(spos.y)
else:
svalsx.append(float("nan"))
svalsy.append(float("nan"))
# plots with suitable labels to the current axis.
plt.plot(rscan,mvals, color = colour[0], label="Meridional")
plt.plot(rscan,svalsx,color = colour[1], label="Sagittal x")
plt.plot(rscan,svalsy,color = colour[2], label="Sagittal y")
plt.title("{0:s}: a: {1:4.2f} w: {2:4.2f} d: {3:4.2f}".\
format(self.lens.title,math.degrees(angle),wavelength,\
self.design))
plt.legend(loc=legend,fontsize="small")
plt.grid()
def addBeam(self,
ca,
source,
key="vl",
nrays=10,
wavelength=None,
intensity=1.0,
index=AirIndex(),
path=False):
"""
Method to add a beam if intensity rays being either Collimated or Source Beam. The beam will fill the given circular aperture and will
either come from a single SourcePoint or at a specified angle.
:param ca: circular aperture to filled (any object with maxRadius attribute)
:type ca: optics.surface.CircularAperture
:param source: source or rays, either a SourcePoint or angle.
:type source: SourcePoint or Vectore3d or Unit3d or Angle or float
:param key: method of fill, allowed keys as "vl", "hl" and "array",(default is "vl")
:type key: str
:param nrays: number or rays across radius, (default = 10)
:type nrays: int
:param wavelenth: the wavelength, (default = Default)
:type wavelength: float
:param intensity: the ray intensity, (default = 1.0) only used for Collimated beam; for SourceBeam picked up from SourcePoint
:type intensity: float
:param index: the refratcive index, (Default = AirIndex())
:type index: RefractiveIndex
:param path: record pathlength, (default = False) is pathlength of each ray recorded
:type path: bool
:return: self
"""
# Sort out aperture to fill.
if not hasattr(ca, "maxRadius"):
ca = ca.entranceAperture()
pt = ca.getPoint() # Reference point
radius = ca.maxRadius
if isinstance(source, SourcePoint): # Rays from a source
s = Vector3d(source)
intensity = source.getIntensity(wavelength)
else:
s = Vector3d().setInvalid(
) # Set s unvalid (will be used for testing)
u = Unit3d().parseAngle(source)
rscan = linspace(-radius, radius, 2 * nrays +
1) # Point across radius (make sure one in centre)
if key.startswith("ar"):
xscan = rscan
yscan = rscan
elif key.startswith("vl"):
xscan = [0.0]
yscan = rscan
elif key.startswith("hl"):
xscan = rscan
yscan = [0.0]
else:
print("Error")
# Scan through making the rays
for y in yscan:
for x in xscan:
if x * x + y * y <= radius * radius: # Ignore if outside radius of aperture
p = Vector3d(
pt.x + x, pt.y + y,
pt.z) # Point in aperture in global coordinates
if s: # From source
u = Unit3d(p - s)
ray = IntensityRay(s, u, wavelength, intensity,
index) # Make source ray
else: # Collimated beam
dist = float(radius + x * u.x + y * u.y)
p -= dist * u # Propagate point to make it look nicer
ray = IntensityRay(p, u, wavelength, intensity,
index) # Make collimated
if path:
ray.pathlength = 0.0
self.append(ray) # Append to self
return self
def __str__(self):
"""
Implement str
"""
return " {0:s} i: {1:7.4f} major: {2:7.4f} minor: {3:7.4f} alpha: {4:7.4f}".\
format(Vector3d.__str__(self),self.intensity,self.major,self.minor,self.alpha)