def add_to_results(model, name):
df = getattr(model, name)
model.results['param'].append(name)
model.results['bias'].append(df['abs_err'].mean())
model.results['mae'].append((pl.median(pl.absolute(df['abs_err'].dropna()))))
model.results['mare'].append(pl.median(pl.absolute(df['rel_err'].dropna())))
model.results['pc'].append(df['covered?'].mean())
def trace_fibers(flatim, params):
trace_im1 = pf.getdata(flatim)*0
imdat, imhead = pf.getdata(flatim), pf.getheader(flatim)
### separating fibers in first column and assigning fibers ids
print '\n\tSEARCHING FOR FIBERS BETWEEN x=0 & y=[' +str(params.LO_BUFFER) +':'+str(len(imdat[:,0])-params.HI_BUFFER)+']'
fiber_peaks_pix = pl.find( imdat[:,0] > pl.median(imdat[:,0]) )
fiber_peaks_pix,fiber_peaks_flx = sep_peaks( fiber_peaks_pix, imdat[:,0] )
if pl.median(fiber_peaks_pix[0])<=params.LO_BUFFER:
fiber_peaks_pix = fiber_peaks_pix[1:]
fiber_peaks_flx = fiber_peaks_flx[1:]
if (len(imdat[:,0])-pl.median(fiber_peaks_pix[-1]))<=params.HI_BUFFER:
fiber_peaks_pix = fiber_peaks_pix[:-1]
fiber_peaks_flx = fiber_peaks_flx[:-1]
print '\t --> FOUND ', len(fiber_peaks_pix), ' FIBER PEAKS'
### creating array for fibers
fibers0 = []
id_cnt = 1
for f in range(len(fiber_peaks_pix)):
while params.FIBERS_EXCLUDE.tolist().count(id_cnt)==1: id_cnt+=1
fibx,fiby = fiber_peaks_pix[f],fiber_peaks_flx[f]
peakx = fibx[ fiby.tolist().index(max(fiby)) ]
yrange = pl.arange( peakx-params.FIBER_WIDTH/2 , peakx+params.FIBER_WIDTH/2+1 )
fibers0.append( fiber(id_cnt, 0, yrange ))
id_cnt+=1
## TRACING FIBERS ALONG X-AXIS INDIVIDUALLY
for fib in fibers0:
for x in range(1,len(imdat)):
## FIRST, TAKE THE FLUXES IN THE PIXELS AT x
## THAT ENCOMPASSED THE PEAK AT x-1
fluxes = imdat[ fib.xy[-1][1] , x ]
## NEXT, FIND THE VERTICAL SHIFT TO CENTER ON
## THE PEAK FLUX AT x. MAXIMUM SHIFT IS DETERMINED
## FROM THE FIBER_WIDTH PARAMETER.
deltay = range( -len(fluxes)/2+1 , len(fluxes)/2+1 )[ fluxes.tolist().index(max(fluxes)) ]
## RECORD THE NEW Y-PIXELS THAT ARE CENTERD ON
## THE FIBER AT x.
fib.xy.append( [ x, fib.xy[-1][1]+deltay ] )
## FLAG PIXELS FOR FIBER IN FIRST-PASS TRACE IMAGE
trace_im1[fib.xy[-1][1],x] = fib.id
trc0 = 'trace_pass1.fits'
print '\n\tWRITING INITIAL TRACING TO ', trc0
try: pf.writeto(trc0, trace_im1, header=imhead)
except:
os.remove(trc0)
pf.writeto(trc0, trace_im1, header=imhead)
return fibers0
def add_to_results(model, name):
df = getattr(model, name)
model.results['param'].append(name)
model.results['bias'].append(df['abs_err'].mean())
model.results['mae'].append(
(pl.median(pl.absolute(df['abs_err'].dropna()))))
model.results['mare'].append(pl.median(pl.absolute(
df['rel_err'].dropna())))
model.results['pc'].append(df['covered?'].mean())
def combine_output(J, T, model, dir, reps, save=False):
"""
Combine output on absolute error, relative error, csmf_accuracy, and coverage from from
multiple runs of validate_once. Either saves the output to the disk, or returns arays
for each.
"""
cause = pl.zeros(J*T, dtype='f').view(pl.recarray)
time = pl.zeros(J*T, dtype='f').view(pl.recarray)
abs_err = pl.zeros(J*T, dtype='f').view(pl.recarray)
rel_err = pl.zeros(J*T, dtype='f').view(pl.recarray)
coverage = pl.zeros(J*T, dtype='f').view(pl.recarray)
csmf_accuracy = pl.zeros(J*T, dtype='f').view(pl.recarray)
for i in range(reps):
metrics = pl.csv2rec('%s/metrics_%s_%i.csv' % (dir, model, i))
cause = pl.vstack((cause, metrics.cause))
time = pl.vstack((time, metrics.time))
abs_err = pl.vstack((abs_err, metrics.abs_err))
rel_err = pl.vstack((rel_err, metrics.rel_err))
coverage = pl.vstack((coverage, metrics.coverage))
csmf_accuracy = pl.vstack((csmf_accuracy, metrics.csmf_accuracy))
cause = cause[1:,]
time = time[1:,]
abs_err = abs_err[1:,]
rel_err = rel_err[1:,]
coverage = coverage[1:,]
csmf_accuracy = csmf_accuracy[1:,]
mean_abs_err = abs_err.mean(0)
median_abs_err = pl.median(abs_err, 0)
mean_rel_err = rel_err.mean(0)
median_rel_err = pl.median(rel_err, 0)
mean_csmf_accuracy = csmf_accuracy.mean(0)
median_csmf_accuracy = pl.median(csmf_accuracy, 0)
mean_coverage_bycause = coverage.mean(0)
mean_coverage = coverage.reshape(reps, T, J).mean(0).mean(1)
percent_total_coverage = (coverage.reshape(reps, T, J).sum(2)==3).mean(0)
mean_coverage = pl.array([[i for j in range(J)] for i in mean_coverage]).ravel()
percent_total_coverage = pl.array([[i for j in range(J)] for i in percent_total_coverage]).ravel()
models = pl.array([[model for j in range(J)] for i in range(T)]).ravel()
true_cf = metrics.true_cf
true_std = metrics.true_std
std_bias = metrics.std_bias
all = pl.np.core.records.fromarrays([models, cause[0], time[0], true_cf, true_std, std_bias, mean_abs_err, median_abs_err, mean_rel_err, median_rel_err,
mean_csmf_accuracy, median_csmf_accuracy, mean_coverage_bycause, mean_coverage, percent_total_coverage],
names=['model', 'cause', 'time', 'true_cf', 'true_std', 'std_bias', 'mean_abs_err', 'median_abs_err',
'mean_rel_err', 'median_rel_err', 'mean_csmf_accuracy', 'median_csmf_accuracy',
'mean_covearge_bycause', 'mean_coverage', 'percent_total_coverage'])
if save:
pl.rec2csv(all, '%s/%s_summary.csv' % (dir, model))
else:
return all
def epsetstmax(path):
dico = load_spatial_means(path)
time = dico["t"]
eps = dico["epsK_tot"] + dico["epsA_tot"]
E = dico["EK"] + dico["EA"]
# if 'noise' in path:
if eps.max() > 2 * eps[-1]:
def f(x, amptan, ttan):
return amptan * pl.tanh(2 * (x / ttan)**4)
guesses = np.array([pl.median(eps), time[eps == eps.max()][0]])
else:
# def f(x, amptan, ttan, amplog, sigma):
def f(x, amptan, ttan, amplog, tlog, sigma):
return amptan * pl.tanh(
2 * (x / ttan)**4) + amplog * stats.lognorm.pdf(
x, scale=pl.exp(tlog), s=sigma)
guesses = np.array(
(
# amptan'
pl.median(eps),
# ttan'
time[eps == eps.max()],
# amplog
eps.max(),
# tlog
time[eps == eps.max()],
# sigma
eps.std(),
),
dtype=float,
)
# guesses = pl.array(list(guessesd.values()), dtype=float)
try:
popt, pcov = curve_fit(f, time, eps, guesses, maxfev=3000)
except RuntimeError:
print("Error while curve fitting data from path =", path)
raise
eps_fit = f(time, *popt)
eps_stat = float(eps_fit[-1])
try:
# idx = _index_flat(eps_fit, time)
idx = locate_knee(time, eps_fit, eps_stat)
time_stat = time[idx]
except ValueError:
raise ValueError("While calculating curvature in {}".format(path))
# warn("While calculating curvature in {}".format(path))
# time_stat = popt[1] + 6 * popt[3]
E_stat = E[idx:].mean()
return eps_stat, E_stat, time_stat, time[-1]
def loadFile(objectFileName):
oimg = pyfits.open(objectFileName)
# Load the IFU data -- Row-stacked spectra
odata = oimg[1].data
oError = oimg[2].data
odata_dim = odata.shape
wcs = astWCS.WCS(objectFileName, extensionName=1)
owavelengthStartEnd = wcs.getImageMinMaxWCSCoords()[0:2]
fiberNumber = wcs.getImageMinMaxWCSCoords()[2:4]
owavelengthStep = oimg[1].header['CDELT1']
owavelengthRange = [owavelengthStartEnd[0] + i * owavelengthStep
for i in range(odata_dim[1])]
# Check to make sure we got it right
if not owavelengthRange[-1] == owavelengthStartEnd[-1]:
print 'The ending wavelenghts do not match... Exiting'
sys.exit(1)
else:
# make median sky
specs = pyl.array([flux for flux in odata])
skySpec = pyl.median(specs, axis=0)
RSS = []
for i in range(int(fiberNumber[1])):
#oflux = odata[i] - oskyflux
oflux = odata[i] - skySpec
oflux[pyl.isnan(oflux)] = 0.0
oErrorFlux = oError[i]
#oflux = odata[i]
# Mask out extreme values in spectrum
# Just because edges dodgy in efosc
med = pyl.median(oflux)
oflux[pyl.greater(abs(oflux), 10.0 * med)] = 0.0001
objSED = astSED.SED(wavelength=owavelengthRange, flux=oflux)
#skySED = astSED.SED(wavelength=owavelengthRange, flux=oskyflux)
skySED = astSED.SED(wavelength=owavelengthRange, flux=skySpec)
errSED = astSED.SED(wavelength=owavelengthRange, flux=oErrorFlux)
# make it > 0 everywhere
objSED.flux = objSED.flux - objSED.flux.min()
objSED.flux = objSED.flux / objSED.flux.max()
errSED.flux = errSED.flux - errSED.flux.min()
errSED.flux = errSED.flux / errSED.flux.max()
skySED.flux = skySED.flux - skySED.flux.min()
skySED.flux = skySED.flux / skySED.flux.max()
RSS.append({'object': objSED, 'sky': skySED, 'error': errSED})
return RSS
def one_ci(v, ci, bootstraps):
v = pylab.array(v)
v = pylab.ma.masked_array(v,pylab.isnan(v)).compressed()
if v.size == 0:
return pylab.nan, 0, 0 #Nothing to compute
r = pylab.randint(v.size, size=(v.size, bootstraps))
booted_samp = pylab.array([pylab.median(v[r[:,n]]) for n in xrange(bootstraps)])
booted_samp.sort()
med = pylab.median(booted_samp)
idx_lo = int(bootstraps * ci/2.0)
idx_hi = int(bootstraps * (1.0-ci/2))
return med, med-booted_samp[idx_lo], booted_samp[idx_hi]-med
def binit(x, y, n): #bin arrays x, y into n bins, returning xbin,ybin
nx = len(x)
y = N.take(y, N.argsort(x)) #sort y according to x rankings
x = N.take(x, N.argsort(x))
xbin = N.zeros(n, 'f')
ybin = N.zeros(n, 'f')
for i in range(n):
nmin = i * int(float(nx) / float(n))
nmax = (i + 1) * int(float(nx) / float(n))
xbin[i] = pylab.median(x[nmin:nmax])
ybin[i] = pylab.median(y[nmin:nmax])
#xbin[i]=N.average(x[nmin:nmax])
#ybin[i]=N.average(y[nmin:nmax])
#ybinerr[i]=scipy.stats.std(y[nmin:nmax])
return xbin, ybin #, ybinerr
def computeMAD(self, a, c=0.6745, axis=0):
a = np.array(a)
if a.ndim == 1:
d = pl.median(a)
m = pl.median(np.fabs(a - d) / c)
elif (a.ndim > 1):
d = pl.median(a, axis=axis)
if axis > 0:
aswp = swapaxes(a, 0, axis)
else:
aswp = a
m = pl.median(np.fabs(aswp - d) / c, axis=0)
else:
m = 0
return m
def remove_discontinuity(value, xgap=10, ygap=200):
"""
Remove discontinuity (sudden jump) in a series of values.
Written by Denis, developed for LLC Fringe Counts data.
value : list or numpy.array
xgap : "width" of index of the list/array to adjust steps
ygap : threshold value to detect discontinuity
"""
difflist = pl.diff(value)
discont_index = pl.find(abs(difflist) > ygap)
if len(discont_index) == 0:
return value
else:
discont_index = pl.append(discont_index, len(difflist))
# find indice at discontinuities
discont = {"start": [], "end": []}
qstart = discont_index[0]
for i in range(len(discont_index) - 1):
if discont_index[i + 1] - discont_index[i] > xgap:
qend = discont_index[i]
discont["start"].append(qstart - xgap)
discont["end"].append(qend + xgap)
qstart = discont_index[i + 1]
# add offsets at discontinuities
result = pl.array(value)
for i in range(len(discont["end"])):
result[0 : discont["start"][i]] += result[discont["end"][i]] - result[discont["start"][i]]
# remove the median
result = result - pl.median(result)
return result
def read_align(self, readfile):
self.df = pd.read_csv(readfile, sep='\t', header=None)
self.df.columns = ['ref', 'start', 'end', 'dummy', 'quality', 'strand']
from pylab import median
self.read_length = round(median(self.df['end'] - self.df['start']))
self.chromosomes = self.df['ref'].unique()
def scatter_times(name, sheets):
means = []
medians = []
delays = []
mean_points = []
med_points = []
for sheet, delay in sheets:
delays.append(delay)
times = get_times(sheet)
mean = pylab.mean(times)
median = pylab.median(times)
means.append(mean)
medians.append(median)
mean_points.append((mean, sheet))
med_points.append((median, sheet))
print "----------mean points-----------"
for mean, sheet in sorted(mean_points):
print mean, sheet
print "----------median points-----------"
for median, sheet in sorted(med_points):
print median, sheet
pylab.scatter(delays, means, color='r')
pylab.scatter(delays, medians, color='b')
print "show"
pylab.show()
def makePlots(self, ax, query, fNum, fColor, fMarker, feedstock):
query.getQuery()
if query.queryString.startswith('No'):
pass
elif query.queryString.startswith('FR'):
data = [1, 1]
ax.plot([fNum] * 2, [1, 1], fColor, marker=fMarker, markersize=2)
else:
data = self.db.output(query.queryString, self.db.schema)
medVal = median(data)
maxVal = max(data)
minVal = min(data)
ax.plot([fNum], medVal, fColor, marker='_', markersize=7)
#Plot the max/min values
ax.plot([fNum] * 2, [maxVal, minVal],
fColor,
marker=fMarker,
markersize=2)
self.writeResults(feedstock, str(maxVal[0]), str(medVal),
str(minVal[0]))
def binitbinsfix(binsleft, binsright, x, y): #give bins for binning
nbin = len(binsleft)
xbin = N.zeros(len(binsleft), 'f')
ybin = N.zeros(len(binsleft), 'f')
ybinerr = N.zeros(len(binsleft), 'f')
y = N.take(y, N.argsort(x)) #sort y according to x rankings
x = N.take(x, N.argsort(x))
j = -1
for i in range(len(xbin)):
xmin = binsleft[i]
xmax = binsright[i]
yb = []
for j in range(len(x)):
if x[j] > xmin:
yb.append(y[j])
if x[j] > xmax:
yb = N.array(yb, 'f')
xbin[i] = 0.5 * (xmin + xmax)
try:
ybin[i] = pylab.median(yb)
ybinerr[i] = pylab.std(yb) / N.sqrt(1. * len(yb))
except ZeroDivisionError:
print "warning: ZeroDivision error in binitbinsfix"
ybin[i] = 0.
ybinerr[i] = 0.
break
return xbin, ybin, ybinerr
def smooth(x, window_len=11, window='flat', rms=0):
if window == 'median':
movmed, movrms = [], []
for i in range(len(x)):
low = max(0, i-window_len/2)
high = min(len(x), i+window_len/2)
movmed.append(median(x[low:high]))
movrms.append(numpy.std(x[low:high]))
if rms == 0:
return array(movmed)
else:
return array(movmed), array(movrms)
else:
if x.ndim != 1:
raise ValueError, "smooth only accepts 1 dimension arrays."
if x.size < window_len:
raise ValueError, "Input vector needs to be bigger than window size."
if window_len<3:
return x
if not window in ['flat', 'hanning', 'hamming', 'bartlett', 'blackman']:
raise ValueError, "Window is on of 'flat', 'hanning', 'hamming', 'bartlett', 'blackman'"
s=numpy.r_[2*x[0]-x[window_len-1::-1],x,2*x[-1]-x[-1:-window_len:-1]]
#print(len(s))
if window == 'flat': #moving average
w=numpy.ones(window_len,'d')
else:
w=eval('numpy.'+window+'(window_len)')
y = numpy.convolve(w/w.sum(),s,mode='same')
return array(y[window_len:-window_len+1])
def one_ci(v, ci, bootstraps):
v = pylab.array(v)
v = pylab.ma.masked_array(v, pylab.isnan(v)).compressed()
if v.size == 0:
return pylab.nan, 0, 0 #Nothing to compute
r = pylab.randint(v.size, size=(v.size, bootstraps))
booted_samp = pylab.array(
[pylab.median(v[r[:, n]]) for n in xrange(bootstraps)])
booted_samp.sort()
med = pylab.median(booted_samp)
idx_lo = int(bootstraps * ci / 2.0)
idx_hi = int(bootstraps * (1.0 - ci / 2))
return med, med - booted_samp[idx_lo], booted_samp[idx_hi] - med
def plotter(key, sims, ax, label='', ylabel='', low_q=0.05, high_q=0.95, startday=None):
color = cv.get_colors()[key.split('_')[1]]
ys = []
for s in sims:
ys.append(s.results[key].values)
yarr = np.array(ys)
best = pl.median(yarr, axis=0)
low = pl.quantile(yarr, q=low_q, axis=0)
high = pl.quantile(yarr, q=high_q, axis=0)
sim = sims[0]
tvec = np.arange(len(best))
fill_label = None
pl.fill_between(tvec, low, high, facecolor=color, alpha=0.2, label=fill_label)
pl.plot(tvec, best, c=color, label=label, lw=4, alpha=1.0)
sc.setylim()
datemarks = pl.array([sim.day('2020-03-01'),sim.day('2020-05-01'),sim.day('2020-07-01'),
sim.day('2020-09-01')])
ax.set_xticks(datemarks)
pl.ylabel(ylabel)
return
def fit_tri_gaussian(wav, flux, flux_err, name_line, wav_line, rline=None, isplot=False, silent=True):
p0 = [pl.median(flux), wav_line[0], 2., 10., wav_line[1], 2., 10., wav_line[2], 2., 10.]
parinfo = [{'value': 0., 'fixed': 0, 'limited': [0, 0], 'limits': [0., 0.], 'tied': '', 'parname': 'name'}]
parinfo[0]['value'] = p0[0]
parinfo[0]['parname'] = 'constant'
parinfo.extend(generate_parinfo(p0=p0[1:4], pname=['wav_center1', 'width1', 'area1']))
parinfo.extend(generate_parinfo(p0=p0[4:7], pname=['wav_center2', 'width2', 'area2']))
parinfo.extend(generate_parinfo(p0=p0[7:10], pname=['wav_center3', 'width3', 'area3']))
if rline is not None:
if rline[0] is not None:
parinfo[3]['tied'] = str(rline[0]) + ' * p[9]'
if rline[1] is not None:
parinfo[6]['tied'] = str(rline[1]) + ' * p[9]'
fdata = {'x': wav, 'y': flux, 'err': flux_err, 'ngaussian': 3}
res = mpfit(myfunct_gaussian, p0, parinfo=parinfo, functkw=fdata, quiet=silent)
if (res.status < 0) or (res.perror is None):
print('error message = ', res.errmsg)
return emptyline(name_line, wav_line)
line1 = LineProfile(name_line[0], res.params[1], res.params[3], res.perror[3], res.params[2], res.perror[2], res.params[0])
line2 = LineProfile(name_line[1], res.params[4], res.params[6], res.perror[6], res.params[5], res.perror[5], res.params[0])
line3 = LineProfile(name_line[2], res.params[7], res.params[9], res.perror[9], res.params[8], res.perror[8], res.params[0])
if isplot:
line1.spec = [wav, flux]
line2.spec = [wav, flux]
line3.spec = [wav, flux]
return [line1, line2, line3]
def flow_rate_hist(sheets):
ant_rates = []
weights = []
for sheet in sheets:
ants, seconds, weight = flow_rate(sheet)
ant_rate = seconds / ants
#ant_rate = ants / seconds
ant_rates.append(ant_rate)
weights.append(float(weight))
#weights.append(seconds)
weights = pylab.array(weights)
weights /= sum(weights)
#print "ants per second"
print "seconds per ant"
mu = pylab.mean(ant_rates)
print "mean", pylab.mean(ant_rates)
wmean = pylab.average(ant_rates, weights=weights)
print "weighted mean", wmean
print "median", pylab.median(ant_rates)
print "std", pylab.std(ant_rates, ddof=1)
ant_rates = pylab.array(ant_rates)
werror = (ant_rates - mu) * weights
print "weighted std", ((sum(werror ** 2))) ** 0.5
print "weighted std 2", (pylab.average((ant_rates - mu)**2, weights=weights)) ** 0.5
pylab.figure()
pylab.hist(ant_rates)
pylab.savefig('ant_flow_rates.pdf', format='pdf')
pylab.close()
def pitch_estimate(dw):
step = 8
wsize = 2048
wfun = pl.ones
wa = 3
lo, hi = 50, 700
hist_params = dict(bins=800, lw=0, range=[lo,hi], rwidth=1.0,
normed=True, log=True)
subplots = wplot.Subplots(6, 1,
yticks=[0,.1,.25,.5,1],
xlim=(120,240),
autoscalex_on=False)
for wfun in [pl.hanning, pl.hamming, pl.blackman, pl.bartlett, pl.ones]:
cc = chunker.Chunker(dw, window=wfun(wsize), step=step)
acs = [cc.ac for c in cc.chunks()]
pp = [chunker.find_peak(a, lo, hi, wa=wa) for a in acs]
mm = pl.median(pp)
subplots(
title='window: %s(%d) step=%s range=%s wa=%d' % (wfun.func_name, wsize, step, [lo,hi], wa),
xticks=[mm]+range(lo,hi+50,50))
subplots.next()
freq, bins, patches = pl.hist(pp, **hist_params)
print 'Ok!'
def makePlots(self, ax, x, fNum, fColor, fMarker, feedstock):
x.getQuery()
if x.queryString.startswith('No'):
pass
elif x.queryString.startswith('FR'):
data = [1,1]
ax.plot([fNum]*2,[1,1],fColor,marker=fMarker,markersize=2)
else:
cur = self.conn.cursor()
print x.queryString
cur.execute(x.queryString)
#[all data]
data = cur.fetchall()
cur.close()
medVal = median(data)
maxVal = max(data)
minVal = min(data)
ax.plot([fNum],medVal,fColor,marker='_', markersize=7)
#Plot the max/min values
ax.plot([fNum]*2,[maxVal, minVal],fColor,marker=fMarker, markersize=2)
self.writeResults(feedstock, str(maxVal[0]), str(medVal), str(minVal[0]))
def get_age_sex(is_crew=False,
min_age=18,
max_age=99,
crew_age=35,
crew_std=5,
guest_age=68,
guest_std=8):
'''
Define age-sex distributions. Passenger age distribution based on:
https://www.nytimes.com/reuters/2020/02/12/world/asia/12reuters-china-health-japan.html
"About 80% of the passengers were aged 60 or over [=2130], with 215 in their 80s and 11 in the 90s,
the English-language Japan Times newspaper reported."
'''
# Define female (0) or male (1) -- evenly distributed
sex = pl.randint(2)
# Define age distribution for the crew and guests
if is_crew:
age = pl.normal(crew_age, crew_std)
else:
age = pl.normal(guest_age, guest_std)
# Normalize
age = pl.median([min_age, age, max_age])
return age, sex
def remove_discontinuity(value, xgap=10, ygap=200):
"""
Remove discontinuity (sudden jump) in a series of values.
Written by Denis, developed for LLC Fringe Counts data.
value : list or numpy.array
xgap : "width" of index of the list/array to adjust steps
ygap : threshold value to detect discontinuity
"""
difflist = pl.diff(value)
discont_index = pl.find(abs(difflist) > ygap)
if len(discont_index) == 0:
return value
else:
discont_index = pl.append(discont_index, len(difflist))
# find indice at discontinuities
discont = {'start': [], 'end': []}
qstart = discont_index[0]
for i in range(len(discont_index)-1):
if discont_index[i+1]-discont_index[i] > xgap:
qend = discont_index[i]
discont['start'].append(qstart-xgap)
discont['end'].append(qend+xgap)
qstart = discont_index[i+1]
# add offsets at discontinuities
result = pl.array(value)
for i in range(len(discont['end'])):
result[0:discont['start'][i]] += \
result[discont['end'][i]] - result[discont['start'][i]]
#remove the median
result=result-pl.median(result)
return result
def mare(model, data_type):
try:
pred = model.vars[data_type]['p_pred'].trace().mean(0)
except:
pred = 0
obs = model.get_data(data_type)['value']
mare = pl.median((abs(pred - obs)/obs)*100)
return mare
def mare(model, data_type):
try:
pred = model.vars[data_type]['p_pred'].trace().mean(0)
except:
pred = 0
obs = model.get_data(data_type)['value']
mare = pl.median((abs(pred - obs) / obs) * 100)
return mare
def store_results(dm, area, sex, year):
types_to_plot = 'p i r rr'.split()
graphics.plot_convergence_diag(dm.vars)
pl.clf()
for i, t in enumerate(types_to_plot):
pl.subplot(len(types_to_plot), 1, i + 1)
graphics.plot_data_bars(dm.model.get_data(t))
pl.plot(range(101),
dm.emp_priors[t, 'mu'],
linestyle='dashed',
color='grey',
label='Emp. Prior',
linewidth=3)
pl.plot(range(101), dm.true[t], 'b-', label='Truth', linewidth=3)
pl.plot(range(101),
dm.posteriors[t].mean(0),
'r-',
label='Estimate',
linewidth=3)
pl.errorbar(range(101),
dm.posteriors[t].mean(0),
yerr=1.96 * dm.posteriors[t].std(0),
fmt='r-',
linewidth=1,
capsize=0)
pl.ylabel(t)
graphics.expand_axis()
pl.legend(loc=(0., -.95), fancybox=True, shadow=True)
pl.subplots_adjust(hspace=0, left=.1, right=.95, bottom=.2, top=.95)
pl.xlabel('Age (Years)')
pl.show()
model = dm
model.mu = pandas.DataFrame()
for t in types_to_plot:
model.mu = model.mu.append(pandas.DataFrame(
dict(true=dm.true[t],
mu_pred=dm.posteriors[t].mean(0),
sigma_pred=dm.posteriors[t].std(0))),
ignore_index=True)
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(model.mu)
print '\nparam prediction bias: %.5f, MARE: %.3f, coverage: %.2f' % (
model.mu['abs_err'].mean(),
pl.median(pl.absolute(
model.mu['rel_err'].dropna())), model.mu['covered?'].mean())
print
data_simulation.initialize_results(model)
data_simulation.add_to_results(model, 'mu')
data_simulation.finalize_results(model)
print model.results
return model
def one_ci(pc, nsamp, ci, bootstraps):
booted_p = boot_p(pc, nsamp, bootstraps)
booted_p.sort()
p = pylab.median(booted_p)
idx_lo = int(bootstraps * ci / 2.0)
idx_hi = int(bootstraps * (1.0 - ci / 2))
return p, p - booted_p[idx_lo], booted_p[idx_hi] - p
def one_ci(pc, nsamp, ci, bootstraps):
booted_p = boot_p(pc, nsamp, bootstraps)
booted_p.sort()
p = pylab.median(booted_p)
idx_lo = int(bootstraps * ci/2.0)
idx_hi = int(bootstraps * (1.0-ci/2))
return p, p-booted_p[idx_lo], booted_p[idx_hi]-p
def plot_histogram(histogram, html_writer, title='', max_pathway_length=8, xmin=None, xlim=20, error_bars=True, min_to_show=20, legend_loc='upper left'):
fig = pylab.figure()
pylab.hold(True)
reps = 1000
y_offset = 0
offset_step = 0.007
colors = {1:'r', 2:'orange', 3:'green', 4:'cyan', 5:'blue', 'Rest':'violet', 'Not first':'k--', 'No known regulation':'grey', 'Activated':'green', 'Inhibited':'r', 'Mixed regulation':'blue'}
for key, value in histogram.iteritems():
if len(value) >= min_to_show:
m = stats.cmedian(value)
sample_std = None
if error_bars:
sample_vals = []
i = 0
while i < reps:
samples = []
while len(samples) < len(value):
samples.append(random.choice(value))
sample_vals.append(pylab.median(samples))
i += 1
sample_std = pylab.std(sample_vals)
plotting.cdf(value, label='%s (med=%.1f, N=%d)' % \
(key, m, len(value)),
style=colors.get(key, 'grey'), std=sample_std, y_offset=y_offset)
y_offset += offset_step
xmin = -1 * xlim if xmin == None else xmin
pylab.xlim(xmin, xlim)
pylab.xlabel('Irreversability')
#pylab.xlabel('deltaG')
pylab.ylabel('Cumulative distribution')
legendfont = matplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties(size=11)
pylab.legend(loc=legend_loc, prop=legendfont)
pylab.title(title)
pylab.hold(False)
if 'Not first' in histogram:
print '%s, first vs. non-first ranksum test: ' % title + '(%f, %f)' % stats.ranksums(histogram[1], histogram['Not first'])
if 'Inhibited' in histogram:
print '%s, inhibited vs. non-regulated ranksum test: ' % title + '(%f, %f)' % stats.ranksums(histogram['Inhibited'], histogram['No known regulation'])
#for k1, h1 in histogram.iteritems():
# for k2, h2 in histogram.iteritems():
# print k1, k2, stats.ranksums(h1, h2)
return fig
def get_stats(typeid,date):
global db
cur = db.cursor()
cur.execute("SELECT AVG(price),SUM(volremain),SUM(volenter) - SUM(volremain),bid FROM archive_market WHERE typeid = %s AND (reportedtime) :: date = %s GROUP BY orderid,bid", [typeid, date])
a = cur.fetchall()
avg_b = array(zeros(len(a)),dtype=float)
vol_b = array(zeros(len(a)),dtype=float)
move_b = array(zeros(len(a)),dtype=float)
avg_s = array(zeros(len(a)),dtype=float)
vol_s = array(zeros(len(a)),dtype=float)
move_s = array(zeros(len(a)),dtype=float)
x_s = 0
x_b = 0
for r in a:
if r[3]:
avg_b[x_b] = r[0]
vol_b[x_b] = r[1]
move_b[x_b] = r[2]
x_b += 1
else:
avg_s[x_s] = r[0]
vol_s[x_s] = r[1]
move_s[x_s] = r[2]
x_s += 1
avg_b.resize(x_b)
avg_s.resize(x_s)
vol_b.resize(x_b)
vol_s.resize(x_s)
move_b.resize(x_b)
move_s.resize(x_s)
b = (None,None,None)
s = (None,None,None)
try:
b = (pylab.median(avg_b), pylab.mean(vol_b), pylab.mean(move_b))
s = (pylab.median(avg_s), pylab.mean(vol_s), pylab.mean(move_s))
except:
return (b,b,b)
ret = ( ((b[0]+s[0])/2, (b[1]+s[1])/2, (b[2]+s[2])/2), b, s)
print ret
return ret
def DFA(data, npoints=None, degree=1, use_median=False):
"""
computes the detrended fluctuation analysis
returns the fluctuation F and the corresponding window length L
:args:
data (n-by-1 array): the data from which to compute the DFA
npoints (int): the number of points to evaluate; if omitted the log(n)
will be used
degree (int): degree of the polynomial to use for detrending
use_median (bool): use median instead of mean fluctuation
:returns:
F, L: the fluctuation F as function of the window length L
"""
# max window length: n/4
#0th: compute integral
integral = cumsum(data - mean(data))
#1st: compute different window lengths
n_samples = npoints if npoints is not None else int(log(len(data)))
lengths = sort(array(list(set(
logspace(2,log(len(data)/4.),n_samples,base=exp(1)).astype(int)
))))
#print lengths
all_flucs = []
used_lengths = []
for wlen in lengths:
# compute the fluctuation of residuals from a linear fit
# according to Kantz&Schreiber, ddof must be the degree of polynomial,
# i.e. 1 (or 2, if mean also counts? -> see in book)
curr_fluc = []
# rrt = 0
for startIdx in arange(0,len(integral),wlen):
pt = integral[startIdx:startIdx+wlen]
if len(pt) > 3*(degree+1):
resids = pt - polyval(polyfit(arange(len(pt)),pt,degree),
arange(len(pt)))
# if abs(wlen - lengths[0]) < -1:
# print resids[:20]
# elif rrt == 0:
# print "wlen", wlen, "l0", lengths[0]
# rrt += 1
curr_fluc.append(std(resids, ddof=degree+1))
if len(curr_fluc) > 0:
if use_median:
all_flucs.append(median(curr_fluc))
else:
all_flucs.append(mean(curr_fluc))
used_lengths.append(wlen)
return array(all_flucs), array(used_lengths)
def simulateGame(numGames, tilePairs, gameType):
runTimeList = []
for i in range(numGames):
gameTime = gameType(tilePairs)
runTimeList.append(gameTime)
medTime = pylab.median(runTimeList)
meanTime = pylab.mean(runTimeList)
pylab.hist(runTimeList,[x*2 for x in range(400)])
print 'meanTime: ' + str(meanTime)
print 'medianTime: ' + str(medTime)
return meanTime, medTime
def createMountain(x, y):
"create the mountain at locations x and y"
nx = len(x)
ny = len(y)
h0 = py.zeros([nx,ny])
# mountain parameters
xc = py.median(x) # mountain centre
yc = py.median(y)
rm = 1.5e6 # mountain radius
h0max = 500. # mountain peak height
#h0max = 0.
# set the mountain for all i,j locations
for i in xrange(0,nx):
for j in xrange(0,ny):
dist = py.sqrt((x[i] - xc)**2 + (y[j] - yc)**2)
if dist < rm:
h0[i,j] = h0max*(1-dist/rm)
return h0
def truncation_hist(df, outdir=FIGS_DIR):
df2 = df[df['neuron type'].isin(['axon', 'truncated axon'])]
df2 = df2.drop_duplicates(['neuron name', 'neuron type'])
type_alphas = defaultdict(list)
for neuron_name, group in df2.groupby('neuron name'):
if len(group['neuron type']) < 2:
continue
for neuron_type, group2 in group.groupby('neuron type'):
type_alphas[neuron_type] += list(group2['alpha'])
alphas = []
weights = []
labels = []
for neuron_type in type_alphas:
alpha = type_alphas[neuron_type]
alphas.append(alpha)
weights.append(pylab.ones_like(alpha) / float(len(alpha)))
labels.append(neuron_type)
pylab.figure()
sns.set()
pylab.hist(alphas, range=(0, 1), weights=weights, label=labels)
leg = pylab.legend(frameon=True)
pylab.setp(leg.get_texts(), fontsize=20)
leg_frame = leg.get_frame()
leg_frame.set_linewidth(5)
leg_frame.set_edgecolor('k')
curr_ax = pylab.gca()
curr_ax.set_ylim((0, 1))
pylab.xlabel('alpha', size=30)
pylab.ylabel('proportion', size=30)
pylab.tight_layout()
name = 'truncation_hist'
outname = '%s/%s.pdf' % (outdir, name)
outname = outname.replace(' ', '_')
pylab.savefig('%s/%s.pdf' % (outdir, name), format='pdf')
pylab.close()
axons = pylab.array(type_alphas['axon'])
truncated_axons = pylab.array(type_alphas['truncated axon'])
differences = axons - truncated_axons
print '-------------------------'
print "Truncation test"
print min(differences), pylab.median(differences), max(differences)
print pylab.mean(differences), "+/-", pylab.std(differences, ddof=1)
print wilcoxon(axons, truncated_axons)
print ttest_rel(axons, truncated_axons)
def create_graph(name, sequences, cutoff=None):
"""Creates a graph based on the n-gram similarity of the sequences in the
given list of sequences"""
nodes = [s.name() for s in sequences]
edges = [(s1.name(), s2.name(), s1.distance(s2)) for s1 in sequences
for s2 in sequences]
cutoff = cutoff if cutoff else pyl.median([d for (n1, n2, d) in edges])
print "edge cutoff: %.2f" % cutoff
edges = filter(lambda (n1, n2, d): d < cutoff, edges)
G = nx.Graph(name=name)
G.add_nodes_from(nodes)
G.add_edges_from(edges)
return G
def __init__(self, data, time):
# data format: multidimensional numpy array
# Each inner array is an array of OD values
# ordered by time.
# This is important for determining the median
self.dataReps = data # OD data values (replicates implied)
self.dataMed = py.median(self.dataReps, axis=0)
self.time = time # time values
self.asymptote = self.__calcAsymptote()
self.maxGrowthRate, self.mgrTime = self.__calcMGR()
self.dataLogistic, self.lag = self.__calcLag()
self.growthLevel = self.__calcGrowth()
def validate_age_group(model, replicate):
# set random seed for reproducibility
mc.np.random.seed(1234567 + replicate)
N = 30
delta_true = 5.0
pi_true = true_rate_function
m = simulate_age_group_data(N=N, delta_true=delta_true, pi_true=pi_true)
if model == "midpoint_covariate":
fit_midpoint_covariate_model(m)
if model == "alt_midpoint_covariate":
fit_alt_midpoint_covariate_model(m)
elif model == "age_standardizing":
fit_age_standardizing_model(m)
elif model == "age_integrating":
fit_age_integrating_model(m)
elif model == "midpoint_model":
fit_midpoint_model(m)
elif model == "disaggregation_model":
fit_disaggregation_model(m)
else:
raise TypeError, 'Unknown model type: "%s"' % model
# compare estimate to ground truth
import data_simulation
m.mu = pandas.DataFrame(
dict(
true=[pi_true(a) for a in range(101)],
mu_pred=m.vars["mu_age"].stats()["mean"],
sigma_pred=m.vars["mu_age"].stats()["standard deviation"],
)
)
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(m.mu)
print "\nparam prediction bias: %.5f, MARE: %.3f, coverage: %.2f" % (
m.mu["abs_err"].mean(),
pl.median(pl.absolute(m.mu["rel_err"].dropna())),
m.mu["covered?"].mean(),
)
print
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(m.mu)
data_simulation.initialize_results(m)
data_simulation.add_to_results(m, "mu")
data_simulation.finalize_results(m)
return m
def get_uniform_data(*args):
# internally define variables
dist_old = args[0]
elev_old = args[1]
func_class_old = args[2]
wav_lst_old = args[3]
nom_dist_window = args[4]
window_cnt = mp.ceil(max(dist_old) / nom_dist_window)
act_dist_window = max(dist_old) / window_cnt
dist_new = mp.linspace(0.0, dist_old[-1], window_cnt + 1)
elev_new = np.asarray([-1.0] * len(dist_new))
func_class_new = np.zeros(len(dist_new)) - 1.0
wav_lst_new = np.zeros(len(dist_new)) - 1.0
for i in range(len(dist_new)):
logical1 = dist_old >= (dist_new[i] - act_dist_window / 2.0)
logical2 = dist_old <= (dist_new[i] + act_dist_window / 2.0)
ind = mp.find(np.bitwise_and(logical1, logical2))
if len(ind) != 0:
y0 = elev_old[ind]
elev_new[i] = mp.median(y0)
func_class_mode, func_class_mode_cnt = stats.mode(
func_class_old[ind])
func_class_new[i] = np.copy(func_class_mode)
wav_mode, wav_mode_cnt = stats.mode(wav_lst_old[ind])
wav_lst_new[i] = np.copy(wav_mode)
elev_new[0] = 1.0 * elev_old[0]
elev_new[-1] = 1.0 * elev_old[-1]
ind = mp.find(elev_new != -1.0)
if len(ind) > 1:
elev_new_func = interp1d(dist_new[ind], elev_new[ind], kind=1)
elev_new = elev_new_func(dist_new)
ind = mp.find(func_class_new != -1.0)
if len(ind) > 1:
fc_new_func = interp1d(dist_new[ind], func_class_new[ind], kind=0)
func_class_new = fc_new_func(dist_new)
ind = mp.find(wav_lst_new != -1.0)
if len(ind) > 1:
wav_new_func = interp1d(dist_new[ind], wav_lst_new[ind], kind=0)
wav_lst_new = wav_new_func(dist_new)
return dist_new, elev_new, func_class_new, wav_lst_new
def readDatDirectory(key, directory):
global stats
#Don't read data in if it's already read
if not key in DATA["mean"]:
data = defaultdict(array)
#Process the dat files
for datfile in glob.glob(directory + "/*.dat"):
fileHandle = open(datfile, 'rb')
keys, dataDict = csvExtractAllCols(fileHandle)
stats = union(stats, keys)
for aKey in keys:
if not aKey in data:
data[aKey] = reshape(array(dataDict[aKey]),
(1, len(dataDict[aKey])))
else:
data[aKey] = append(data[aKey],
reshape(array(dataDict[aKey]),
(1, len(dataDict[aKey]))),
axis=0)
#Process the div files'
for datfile in glob.glob(directory + "/*.div"):
fileHandle = open(datfile, 'rb')
keys, dataDict = csvExtractAllCols(fileHandle)
stats = union(stats, keys)
for aKey in keys:
if not aKey in data:
data[aKey] = reshape(array(dataDict[aKey]),
(1, len(dataDict[aKey])))
else:
data[aKey] = append(data[aKey],
reshape(array(dataDict[aKey]),
(1, len(dataDict[aKey]))),
axis=0)
#Iterate through the stats and calculate mean/standard deviation
for aKey in stats:
if aKey in data:
DATA["mean"][key][aKey] = mean(data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["median"][key][aKey] = median(data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["std"][key][aKey] = std(data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["ste"][key][aKey] = std(data[aKey], axis=0) / sqrt(
len(data[aKey]))
DATA["min"][key][aKey] = mean(data[aKey], axis=0) - amin(
data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["max"][key][aKey] = amax(data[aKey], axis=0) - mean(
data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["actual"][key][aKey] = data[aKey]
def Create(cls, Image):
'''Returns an object with the mean,median,std.dev of an image,
this object is attached to the image object and only calculated once'''
if '__IrtoolsImageStats__' in Image.__dict__:
return Image.__dict__["__IrtoolsImageStats__"]
istats = ImageStats()
istats._median = median(Image)
istats._mean = mean(Image)
istats._stddev = std(Image)
Image.__dict__["__IrtoolsImageStats__"] = istats
return istats
def check_page(image):
if len(image.shape) == 3:
return "input image is color image %s" % (image.shape, )
if mean(image) < median(image):
return "image may be inverted"
h, w = image.shape
if h < 600:
return "image not tall enough for a page image %s" % (image.shape, )
if h > 10000:
return "image too tall for a page image %s" % (image.shape, )
if w < 600:
return "image too narrow for a page image %s" % (image.shape, )
if w > 10000:
return "line too wide for a page image %s" % (image.shape, )
return None
def fit_single_gaussian(wav, flux, flux_err, name_line, wav_line, isplot=False, silent=True):
p0 = [pl.median(flux), wav_line, 2., 10.]
parinfo = [{'value': 0., 'fixed': 0, 'limited': [0, 0], 'limits': [0., 0.], 'parname': 'name'}]
parinfo[0]['value'] = p0[0]
parinfo[0]['parname'] = 'constant'
parinfo.extend(generate_parinfo(p0=p0[1:]))
fdata = {'x': wav, 'y': flux, 'err': flux_err, 'ngaussian': 1}
res = mpfit(myfunct_gaussian, p0, parinfo=parinfo, functkw=fdata, quiet=silent)
if (res.status < 0) or (res.perror is None):
print('error message = ', res.errmsg)
return emptyline(name_line, wav_line)
line = LineProfile(name_line, res.params[1], res.params[3], res.perror[3], res.params[2], res.perror[2], res.params[0])
if isplot:
line.spec = [wav, flux]
return line
def plot_output_distribution(out,title):
from splikes.utils import paramtext
out=out.ravel()
out_full=out
result=py.hist(out,200)
paramtext(1.2,0.95,
'min %f' % min(out_full),
'max %f' % max(out_full),
'mean %f' % py.mean(out_full),
'median %f' % py.median(out_full),
'std %f' % py.std(out_full),
)
py.title(title)
def histogram_and_fit(distribution_name,
points,
bins=10,
units="",
**fit_kwargs):
histogram = pylab.hist(points, bins)
bins = histogram[1]
bin_step = pylab.median(pylab.diff(bins))
distribution = _get_distribution(distribution_name)
fit = distribution.fit(points, **fit_kwargs)
xs = pylab.linspace(min(bins), max(bins), 1000)
ys = distribution.pdf(xs, *fit)
label = _get_label(distribution_name, fit, units)
pylab.plot(xs, ys * len(points) * bin_step, 'r', label=label)
pylab.legend()
return fit
def plot_output_distribution(out, title):
from splikes.utils import paramtext
out = out.ravel()
out_full = out
result = py.hist(out, 200)
paramtext(
1.2,
0.95,
'min %f' % min(out_full),
'max %f' % max(out_full),
'mean %f' % py.mean(out_full),
'median %f' % py.median(out_full),
'std %f' % py.std(out_full),
)
py.title(title)
def fit(model):
emp_priors = model.emp_priors
## Then fit the model and compare the estimates to the truth
model.vars = {}
model.vars['p'] = data_model.data_model('p', model, 'p', 'all', 'total', 'all', None, emp_priors['p', 'mu'], emp_priors['p', 'sigma'])
model.map, model.mcmc = fit_model.fit_data_model(model.vars['p'], iter=5000, burn=2000, thin=25, tune_interval=100)
#model.map, model.mcmc = fit_model.fit_data_model(model.vars['p'], iter=101, burn=0, thin=1, tune_interval=100)
#graphics.plot_one_ppc(model.vars['p'], 'p')
#graphics.plot_convergence_diag(model.vars)
graphics.plot_one_type(model, model.vars['p'], emp_priors, 'p')
pl.plot(model.a, model.pi_age_true, 'b--', linewidth=3, alpha=.5, label='Truth')
pl.legend(fancybox=True, shadow=True, loc='upper left')
pl.title('Heterogeneity %s'%model.parameters['p']['heterogeneity'])
pl.show()
model.input_data['mu_pred'] = model.vars['p']['p_pred'].stats()['mean']
model.input_data['sigma_pred'] = model.vars['p']['p_pred'].stats()['standard deviation']
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(model.input_data)
model.delta = pandas.DataFrame(dict(true=[model.delta_true]))
model.delta['mu_pred'] = pl.exp(model.vars['p']['eta'].trace()).mean()
model.delta['sigma_pred'] = pl.exp(model.vars['p']['eta'].trace()).std()
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(model.delta)
print 'delta'
print model.delta
print '\ndata prediction bias: %.5f, MARE: %.3f, coverage: %.2f' % (model.input_data['abs_err'].mean(),
pl.median(pl.absolute(model.input_data['rel_err'].dropna())),
model.input_data['covered?'].mean())
model.mu = pandas.DataFrame(dict(true=model.pi_age_true,
mu_pred=model.vars['p']['mu_age'].stats()['mean'],
sigma_pred=model.vars['p']['mu_age'].stats()['standard deviation']))
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(model.mu)
data_simulation.initialize_results(model)
data_simulation.add_to_results(model, 'delta')
data_simulation.add_to_results(model, 'mu')
data_simulation.add_to_results(model, 'input_data')
data_simulation.finalize_results(model)
print model.results
def boot_curvefit(x, y, fit, p0, ci=.05, bootstraps=2000):
"""use of bootstrapping to perform curve fitting.
Inputs:
x - x values
y - corresponding y values
fit - a packaged fitting function
p0 - intial parameter list that fit will use
fit should be a function of the form
p1 = fit(x, y, p0)
with p1 being the optimized parameter vector
Outputs:
ci - 3xn array (n = number of parameters: median, low_ci, high_ci)
booted_p - an bxn array of parameter values (b = number of bootstraps)
An example fit function is:
def fit(x, y, p0):
func = lambda p, t: p[0]*pylab.exp(-t/abs(p[1])) + p[2]
errfunc = lambda p, t, y: func(p, t) - y
p1, success = optimize.leastsq(errfunc, p0, args=(t, y))
return p1
"""
p0 = pylab.array(p0) #Make it an array in case it isn't one
if bootstraps > 1:
idx = pylab.randint(x.size, size=(x.size, bootstraps))
else:
idx = pylab.zeros((x.size, 1), dtype=int)
idx[:, 0] = pylab.arange(x.size)
booted_p = pylab.zeros((p0.size, bootstraps))
for n in xrange(bootstraps):
booted_p[:, n] = fit(x[idx[:, n]], y[idx[:, n]], p0)
p_ci = pylab.zeros((3, p0.size))
for p in xrange(p0.size):
booted_samp = pylab.sort(booted_p[p])
med = pylab.median(booted_samp)
idx_lo = int(bootstraps * ci / 2.0)
idx_hi = int(bootstraps * (1.0 - ci / 2))
p_ci[:,
p] = [med, med - booted_samp[idx_lo], booted_samp[idx_hi] - med]
return p_ci, booted_p
def mare(pred, obs):
''' model median absolute relative error
Parameters
----------
pred : df
df of observations from model.vars[data_type]['p_pred'].stats()['mean']
obs : df
df of observations from model.vars[data_type]['p_obs'].value
Results
-------
mare : float
mean median absolute relative error, as a percent
'''
pred = pl.array(pred['mean'])
obs = pl.array(obs['value'])
mare = pl.median((abs(pred - obs)/obs)*100)
return mare
def readDatDirectory(key, directory):
global stats
#Don't read data in if it's already read
if not key in DATA["mean"]:
data = defaultdict(array)
#Process the dat files
for datfile in glob.glob(directory + "/*.dat"):
fileHandle = open(datfile, 'rb')
keys, dataDict = csvExtractAllCols(fileHandle)
stats = union(stats, keys)
for aKey in keys:
if not aKey in data:
data[aKey] = reshape(array(dataDict[aKey]),
(1, len(dataDict[aKey])))
else:
data[aKey] = append(data[aKey],
reshape(array(dataDict[aKey]),
(1, len(dataDict[aKey]))),
axis=0)
#Process the div files'
for datfile in glob.glob(directory + "/*.div"):
fileHandle = open(datfile, 'rb')
keys, dataDict = csvExtractAllCols(fileHandle)
stats = union(stats, keys)
for aKey in keys:
if not aKey in data:
data[aKey] = reshape(array(dataDict[aKey]),
(1, len(dataDict[aKey])))
else:
data[aKey] = append(data[aKey],
reshape(array(dataDict[aKey]),
(1, len(dataDict[aKey]))),
axis=0)
#Iterate through the stats and calculate mean/standard deviation
for aKey in stats:
if aKey in data:
DATA["mean"][key][aKey] = mean(data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["median"][key][aKey] = median(data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["std"][key][aKey] = std(data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["ste"][key][aKey] = std(data[aKey], axis=0)/ sqrt(len(data[aKey]))
DATA["min"][key][aKey] = mean(data[aKey], axis=0)-amin(data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["max"][key][aKey] = amax(data[aKey], axis=0)-mean(data[aKey], axis=0)
DATA["actual"][key][aKey] = data[aKey]
def boot_curvefit(x,y,fit, p0, ci = .05, bootstraps=2000):
"""use of bootstrapping to perform curve fitting.
Inputs:
x - x values
y - corresponding y values
fit - a packaged fitting function
p0 - intial parameter list that fit will use
fit should be a function of the form
p1 = fit(x, y, p0)
with p1 being the optimized parameter vector
Outputs:
ci - 3xn array (n = number of parameters: median, low_ci, high_ci)
booted_p - an bxn array of parameter values (b = number of bootstraps)
An example fit function is:
def fit(x, y, p0):
func = lambda p, t: p[0]*pylab.exp(-t/abs(p[1])) + p[2]
errfunc = lambda p, t, y: func(p, t) - y
p1, success = optimize.leastsq(errfunc, p0, args=(t, y))
return p1
"""
p0 = pylab.array(p0) #Make it an array in case it isn't one
if bootstraps > 1:
idx = pylab.randint(x.size, size=(x.size, bootstraps))
else:
idx = pylab.zeros((x.size,1),dtype=int)
idx[:,0] = pylab.arange(x.size)
booted_p = pylab.zeros((p0.size, bootstraps))
for n in xrange(bootstraps):
booted_p[:,n] = fit(x[idx[:,n]], y[idx[:,n]], p0)
p_ci = pylab.zeros((3, p0.size))
for p in xrange(p0.size):
booted_samp = pylab.sort(booted_p[p])
med = pylab.median(booted_samp)
idx_lo = int(bootstraps * ci/2.0)
idx_hi = int(bootstraps * (1.0-ci/2))
p_ci[:,p] = [med, med-booted_samp[idx_lo], booted_samp[idx_hi]-med]
return p_ci, booted_p
def validate_age_group(model, replicate):
# set random seed for reproducibility
mc.np.random.seed(1234567+replicate)
N = 30
delta_true = 5.
pi_true = true_rate_function
m = simulate_age_group_data(N=N, delta_true=delta_true, pi_true=pi_true)
if model == 'midpoint_covariate':
fit_midpoint_covariate_model(m)
elif model == 'age_standardizing':
fit_age_standardizing_model(m)
elif model == 'age_integrating':
fit_age_integrating_model(m)
elif model == 'midpoint_model':
fit_midpoint_model(m)
elif model == 'disaggregation_model':
fit_disaggregation_model(m)
else:
raise TypeError, 'Unknown model type: "%s"' % model
# compare estimate to ground truth
import data_simulation
m.mu = pandas.DataFrame(dict(true=[pi_true(a) for a in range(101)],
mu_pred=m.vars['mu_age'].stats()['mean'],
lb_pred=m.vars['mu_age'].stats()['95% HPD interval'][:,0],
ub_pred=m.vars['mu_age'].stats()['95% HPD interval'][:,1]))
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(m.mu)
print '\nparam prediction bias: %.5f, MARE: %.3f, coverage: %.2f' % (m.mu['abs_err'].mean(),
pl.median(pl.absolute(m.mu['rel_err'].dropna())),
m.mu['covered?'].mean())
print
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(m.mu)
data_simulation.initialize_results(m)
data_simulation.add_to_results(m, 'mu')
data_simulation.finalize_results(m)
return m
def validate_age_group(model, replicate):
# set random seed for reproducibility
mc.np.random.seed(1234567 + replicate)
N = 30
delta_true = 5.
pi_true = true_rate_function
m = simulate_age_group_data(N=N, delta_true=delta_true, pi_true=pi_true)
if model == 'midpoint_covariate':
fit_midpoint_covariate_model(m)
if model == 'alt_midpoint_covariate':
fit_alt_midpoint_covariate_model(m)
elif model == 'age_standardizing':
fit_age_standardizing_model(m)
elif model == 'age_integrating':
fit_age_integrating_model(m)
elif model == 'midpoint_model':
fit_midpoint_model(m)
elif model == 'disaggregation_model':
fit_disaggregation_model(m)
else:
raise TypeError, 'Unknown model type: "%s"' % model
# compare estimate to ground truth
import data_simulation
m.mu = pandas.DataFrame(
dict(true=[pi_true(a) for a in range(101)],
mu_pred=m.vars['mu_age'].stats()['mean'],
sigma_pred=m.vars['mu_age'].stats()['standard deviation']))
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(m.mu)
print '\nparam prediction bias: %.5f, MARE: %.3f, coverage: %.2f' % (
m.mu['abs_err'].mean(), pl.median(pl.absolute(
m.mu['rel_err'].dropna())), m.mu['covered?'].mean())
print
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(m.mu)
data_simulation.initialize_results(m)
data_simulation.add_to_results(m, 'mu')
data_simulation.finalize_results(m)
return m
def store_results(dm, area, sex, year):
types_to_plot = 'p i r rr'.split()
graphics.plot_convergence_diag(dm.vars)
pl.clf()
for i, t in enumerate(types_to_plot):
pl.subplot(len(types_to_plot), 1, i+1)
graphics.plot_data_bars(dm.model.get_data(t))
pl.plot(range(101), dm.emp_priors[t, 'mu'], linestyle='dashed', color='grey', label='Emp. Prior', linewidth=3)
pl.plot(range(101), dm.true[t], 'b-', label='Truth', linewidth=3)
pl.plot(range(101), dm.posteriors[t].mean(0), 'r-', label='Estimate', linewidth=3)
pl.errorbar(range(101), dm.posteriors[t].mean(0), yerr=1.96*dm.posteriors[t].std(0), fmt='r-', linewidth=1, capsize=0)
pl.ylabel(t)
graphics.expand_axis()
pl.legend(loc=(0.,-.95), fancybox=True, shadow=True)
pl.subplots_adjust(hspace=0, left=.1, right=.95, bottom=.2, top=.95)
pl.xlabel('Age (Years)')
pl.show()
model = dm
model.mu = pandas.DataFrame()
for t in types_to_plot:
model.mu = model.mu.append(pandas.DataFrame(dict(true=dm.true[t],
mu_pred=dm.posteriors[t].mean(0),
sigma_pred=dm.posteriors[t].std(0))),
ignore_index=True)
data_simulation.add_quality_metrics(model.mu)
print '\nparam prediction bias: %.5f, MARE: %.3f, coverage: %.2f' % (model.mu['abs_err'].mean(),
pl.median(pl.absolute(model.mu['rel_err'].dropna())),
model.mu['covered?'].mean())
print
data_simulation.initialize_results(model)
data_simulation.add_to_results(model, 'mu')
data_simulation.finalize_results(model)
print model.results
return model
def try_kegg_api():
db = SqliteDatabase('../res/gibbs.sqlite')
html_writer = HtmlWriter('../res/dG0_test.html')
G = GroupContribution(db, html_writer=html_writer)
G.init()
wsdl = 'http://soap.genome.jp/KEGG.wsdl'
serv = WSDL.Proxy(wsdl)
rid_file = open('../res/eco_rids.txt', 'w')
rids = set()
for x in serv.list_pathways('eco'):
pathway_id = x['entry_id']
for reaction_id in serv.get_reactions_by_pathway(pathway_id):
rid = int(reaction_id[4:])
if rid not in rids:
rids.add(rid)
rid_file.write('%d\n' % rid)
rid_file.close()
c_mid = 1e-3
pH, pMg, I, T = (7.0, 3.0, 0.1, 298.15)
rid2reversibility = {}
misses = 0
for rid in sorted(rids):
try:
reaction = G.kegg.rid2reaction(rid)
r = CalculateReversability(reaction, G, c_mid, pH, pMg, I, T)
rid2reversibility[rid] = r
except thermodynamics.MissingCompoundFormationEnergy:
misses += 1
continue
print 'hits = %d, misses = %d' % len(rid2reversibility), misses
median = pylab.median(rid2reversibility.values())
print 'median = %.1f' % median
pylab.figure()
pylab.hold(True)
plotting.cdf(rid2reversibility.values(), 'all reactions', 'r', show_median=True)
pylab.show()
def stats(results):
"""
Compute and print statistics for record to stdout.
In:
results : list of dicts, processing results
"""
means = {'beta':0.0,'std':0.0, 'cov':0.0, 'mean':0.0}
mins = means.copy()
maxs = means.copy()
medians = means.copy()
stdevs = means.copy()
for param in means.keys():
mins[param] = min([v[param] for v in results])
maxs[param] = max([v[param] for v in results])
means[param] = pl.mean([v[param] for v in results])
medians[param] = pl.median([v[param] for v in results])
stdevs[param] = pl.std([v[param] for v in results])
print "Min:\t\t%(beta)0.2f\t%(std)d\t%(cov)0.2f%%\t%(mean)d" % mins
print "Max:\t\t%(beta)0.2f\t%(std)d\t%(cov)0.2f%%\t%(mean)d" % maxs
print "Mean:\t\t%(beta)0.2f\t%(std)d\t%(cov)0.2f%%\t%(mean)d" % means
print "Median:\t\t%(beta)0.2f\t%(std)d\t%(cov)0.2f%%\t%(mean)d" % medians
print "Stdev:\t\t%(beta)0.2f\t%(std)d\t%(cov)0.2f%%\t%(mean)d" % stdevs
def makePlots(self, ax, query, fNum, fColor, fMarker, feedstock):
query.getQuery()
if query.queryString.startswith('No'):
pass
elif query.queryString.startswith('FR'):
data = [1,1]
ax.plot([fNum]*2,[1,1],fColor,marker=fMarker,markersize=2)
else:
data = self.db.output(query.queryString, self.db.schema)
medVal = median(data)
maxVal = max(data)
minVal = min(data)
ax.plot([fNum],medVal,fColor,marker='_', markersize=7)
#Plot the max/min values
ax.plot([fNum]*2,[maxVal, minVal],fColor,marker=fMarker, markersize=2)
self.writeResults(feedstock, str(maxVal[0]), str(medVal), str(minVal[0]))
fwhm = []
for i in range(61,395):
print i
# open spectrum and calculate continuum level near Ha line then write to cursor file
data = pf.getdata('fec2117_%04d.fits'%i)
head = pf.getheader('fec2117_%04d.fits'%i)
start = head['CRVAL1']
step = head['CDELT1']
length = head['NAXIS1']
x = start + pl.arange(0,length)*step
hi = x > 4640
low = x < 4730
xx = hi*low
med = pl.median(data[xx])
print med
cursor = open('cursor','w')
cursor.write('4640 %s 1 k\n4730 %s 1 k\n'%(med,med))
cursor.close()
iraf.splot(images='fec2117_%04d.fits'%i,\
cursor='cursor',\
save_file='splot.log')
# read splot.log and extract the results
myfile = open('splot.log','r')
lines = myfile.readlines()
try:
# the first log written to empty file has header
temp = string.split(string.strip(lines[3]))