def simplicity(string):
tokens = nltk.word_tokenize(string)
DC = readability.getmeasures(tokens)['readability grades']['DaleChallIndex']
GF = readability.getmeasures(tokens)['readability grades']['GunningFogIndex']
C = readability.getmeasures(tokens)['readability grades']['Coleman-Liau']
#print(f'DC: {DC}, GF: {GF}, K: {K}')
return DaleChall * DC + GunningFog * GF + Cole * C
def __init__(self, tweet_attributes):
self.num_tweets = tweet_attributes['num_tweets']
self.num_hashtags = tweet_attributes['num_hashtags']
self.num_mentions = tweet_attributes['num_mentions']
self.num_urls = tweet_attributes['num_urls']
self.num_media = tweet_attributes['num_media']
self.num_symbols = tweet_attributes['num_symbols']
self.num_polls = tweet_attributes['num_polls']
self.text = tweet_attributes['text']
self.tokens = tweet_attributes['tokens']
self.token_lengths = [len(token) for token in self.tokens]
self.tokens_lower = [token.lower() for token in self.tokens]
self.pos_tags = nltk.pos_tag(self.tokens)
self.sentences = sent_tokenize(self.text)
self.num_emojis = emoji.core.emoji_count(self.text)
self.norm_neg_senti, self.norm_neu_senti, self.norm_pos_senti, self.norm_com_senti = self.normalized_sentiment_values(
)
try:
self.readability_measures = readability.getmeasures(self.tokens,
lang='en')
except:
self.readability_measures = readability.getmeasures(self.tokens +
['a'],
lang='en')
self.make_char_wise_pass()
self.make_pos_tag_wise_pass()
self.make_token_wise_pass()
self.make_sliding_window_pass()
self.num_errors = 0
def save_other_features(data, parse_lst_path, config, path, context=True, parse=True, multi=False):
if multi:
if 'complexity' in data:
data_head, data_tail = multi_data(data[['id','corpus','sentence','token','complexity','class']])
else:
data_head, data_tail = multi_data(data[['id','corpus','sentence','token']])
base, ext = os.path.splitext(path)
path_head = base+'_head'+ext
path_tail = base+'_tail'+ext
omit = save_other_features(data_head, parse_lst_path, config, path_head, context=context, parse=parse)
_ = save_other_features(data_tail, parse_lst_path, config, path_tail, context=context, parse=parse)
multi_compute(data, path, path_head, path_tail, omit)
return
# based on aspect word
data['word_len'] = data['token'].str.len().to_numpy()
data['num_syllables'] = data['token'].apply(lambda x: syllables.estimate(str(x))).to_numpy()
data['num_hyponyms'] = data.apply(lambda x: len(get_hyponyms(x['sentence'] if context else None, x['token'], disambiguate=config['disambiguate'] if context else False)), axis=1).to_numpy()
data['num_hypernyms'] = data.apply(lambda x: len(get_hypernyms(x['sentence'] if context else None, x['token'], disambiguate=config['disambiguate'] if context else False)), axis=1).to_numpy()
data['is_acronym'] = (data['token'].str.isupper()*1).to_numpy()
data['is_pronoun'] = (data['token'].apply(lambda x: x[0].isupper())*1).to_numpy()
# based on context
omit = set()
if context:
corpus_dummies = pd.get_dummies(data['corpus'], prefix='corpus')
for corpus_name in corpus_dummies:
data[corpus_name] = corpus_dummies[corpus_name]
omit.add(corpus_name)
tagdict = load('help/tagsets/upenn_tagset.pickle')
tags = [tag for tag in tagdict.keys() if tag[0] not in punctuation]
POS = data.apply(lambda x: get_POS(x['sentence'], x['token']), axis=1)
for tag in tags:
data['POS_'+tag] = (POS == tag) * 1
funcs = ["textstat." + func[0] for func in inspect.getmembers(textstat, predicate=inspect.ismethod)]
for elem in tqdm(funcs):
method = eval(elem)
if method.__name__ in ['difficult_words_list', 'set_lang', 'text_standard', 'dale_chall_readability_score_v2', 'dale_chall_readability_score', 'gunning_fog', 'spache_readability', 'avg_sentence_length', 'avg_sentence_per_word', 'sentence_count', 'difficult_words', 'is_difficult_word', 'is_easy_word', 'smog_index']:
continue
textstat.set_lang("en")
data[method.__name__] = data['sentence'].apply(lambda x: method(x)).to_numpy()
omit.add(method.__name__)
data['SMOGIndex'] = data['sentence'].apply(lambda x: readability.getmeasures(x, lang='en')['readability grades']['SMOGIndex']).to_numpy()
data['DaleChallIndex'] = data['sentence'].apply(lambda x: readability.getmeasures(x, lang='en')['readability grades']['DaleChallIndex']).to_numpy()
omit.add('SMOGIndex'); omit.add('DaleChallIndex')
if parse and parse_lst_path is not None:
parse_lst = pkl.load(open(parse_lst_path, 'rb'))
parse_tree_depths = []
token_depths = []
num_words_at_depths = []
for parse_tree, token in tqdm(zip(parse_lst, data['token'])):
parse_tree_depths.append(parse_tree.height())
token_depths.append(token_depth(parse_tree, token))
num_words_at_depths.append(num_words_at_depth(parse_tree, token_depths[-1]))
data['parse_tree_depth'] = np.array(parse_tree_depths).astype(np.int64)
omit.add('parse_tree_depth')
data['token_depth'] = np.array(token_depths).astype(np.int64)
data['num_words_at_depth'] = np.array(num_words_at_depths).astype(np.int64)
data.to_csv(path, sep='\t')
return omit
def analyze_readability_measures(text, include_word_types=False):
import readability
import traceback
from collections import OrderedDict
tokenized = sentence_per_line_tokenize(text)
res = pd.Series()
tokenized_sentences = [
sent.split() for sent in tokenized.lower().split('\n')
]
toks_flat = [w for sent in tokenized_sentences for w in sent]
if len(toks_flat) == 0:
return {} # invalid...
res['mtld'] = mtld(toks_flat)
try:
readability_measures = readability.getmeasures(tokenized)
except Exception:
traceback.print_exc()
else:
for k, v in readability_measures.pop('sentence info').items():
res[k] = v
num_words = res['words']
num_sents = res['sentences']
if include_word_types:
for word_type, count in readability_measures.pop(
'sentence beginnings').items():
res[f'word_type_sent_startswith_{word_type}'] = count / num_sents
for typ, count in readability_measures.pop('word usage').items():
res[f'word_type_overall_{typ}'] = count / num_words
for k in 'wordtypes long_words complex_words'.split():
res[k] = res[k] / num_words
# res.update(readability_measures.pop('readability grades'))
return res
def generate(text, debug=False):
"""
Generates the following readability scores for a user's tweets:
- Automated Readability Index (R_ARI)
- Coleman-Liau Index (R_COL)
- Flesch Reading Ease (R_FRE)
- Gunning-Fog Index (R_GUN)
- Kincaid Grade Level (R_KIN)
- LIX (R_LIX)
- SMOG Grade (R_SMOG)
:param text: a String containing all tokenized sentences of a user, divided by newline characters (\n).
:param debug: a Bool indicating if debugging information should be printed (default: False).
:return: a Dict containing the feature names as keys and calculated lengths as values.
"""
measures = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='nl', merge=True)
if debug:
for key, value in measures.items():
print(key, ": ", value)
return {
"R_ARI": measures["ARI"],
"R_COL": measures["Coleman-Liau"],
"R_FRE": measures["FleschReadingEase"],
"R_GUN": measures["GunningFogIndex"],
"R_KIN": measures["Kincaid"],
"R_LIX": measures["LIX"],
"R_SMOG": measures["SMOGIndex"]
}
def measure_file(srcpath, dstpath):
print(srcpath)
with open(srcpath, 'rt', encoding='utf-8') as srcfile:
text = srcfile.read()
for pat, repl in patterns:
text = re.sub(pat, repl, text)
results = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
measure = results['readability grades']['GunningFogIndex']
with open(dstpath, 'wt', encoding='utf-8') as dstfile:
for key in results:
print('\t', key, sep='', file=dstfile)
value = results[key]
for key2 in value:
value2 = value[key2]
if isinstance(value2, float):
value2 = round(value2, 2)
print('\t\t', f"{key2} {value2}", sep='', file=dstfile)
dstfile.write(text)
#os.remove(dstpath)
return round(measure, 2)
def get_q2_readability_score(row):
text = row['question2']
try:
results = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
except:
return 0.00
return results['readability grades']['FleschReadingEase']
def generate_candidates(bg, rd_th, rp_th, clist, max_len=10):
'''
recurse me baby
'''
candidate[bg] = {'rd': 0, 'rp': 0}
if len(bg.split(' ')) > 1:
candidate[bg]['rd'] = readability.getmeasures(
bg, lang='en')['readability grades']['FleschReadingEase']
candidate[bg]['rp'] = representativeness(bg)
gen_list = [i for i in clist]
if candidate[bg]['rd'] < rd_th or candidate[bg]['rp'] < rp_th or len(
bg.split(' ')) > max_len:
return
else:
cl = []
for i in gen_list:
tmp = i.split(' ')
tmp.reverse()
val = ' '.join(bg.split(' ')[-2:])
if bg.split(' ')[-1] == tmp[1] and val != ' '.join(tmp):
cl.append(bg + ' ' + ' '.join(i.split(' ')[1:]))
for gram in cl:
generate_candidates(gram, 0.1, 0, clist)
def main():
post_path: str = sys.argv[1]
print('-' * 80)
print('post: {}'.format(post_path))
print('-' * 80)
with open(post_path) as f_in:
data = json.load(f_in)
content: str = data["content"]
soup = BeautifulSoup(content, features="lxml")
# Last line is at the bottom of the article before footnotes, so delete
# all footnotes
last_line: bs4.element.Tag = soup.find_all("hr")[-1]
for elem in last_line.find_all_next():
elem.decompose()
paragraphs = soup.find_all('p')
# Delete footnote links
for paragraph in paragraphs:
for footnote_link in paragraph.find_all('sup'):
footnote_link.decompose()
paragraph_strings: List[str] = [
p.get_text().replace('\n', ' ') for p in paragraphs
]
with open("/tmp/test/2fa.txt", "w") as f_out:
for paragraph_string in paragraph_strings:
f_out.write("{}\n\n".format(paragraph_string))
nlp = English()
sentencizer = nlp.create_pipe("sentencizer")
nlp.add_pipe(sentencizer)
sentences: List[str] = [
sentence for paragraph_string in paragraph_strings
for sentence in get_sentences(paragraph_string, nlp)
]
readability_results = readability.getmeasures(sentences, lang='en')
pprint.pprint(readability_results['readability grades'])
for (key, value) in readability_results['readability grades'].items():
if key in thresholds_lookup:
thresholds = thresholds_lookup[key]
for i, pair in enumerate(zip(thresholds, thresholds[1:])):
if (value >= pair[0]
and value <= pair[1]) or (pair[0] >= value
and pair[1] <= value):
if i == 0:
print(colored("{}: {:.2f}".format(key, value),
"green"))
elif i == 1:
print(
colored("{}: {:.2f}".format(key, value), "yellow"))
else:
print(colored("{}: {:.2f}".format(key, value), "red"))
def readability_stats(text):
stats = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
a = stats['sentence info']['words']
b = stats['sentence info']['syll_per_word']
c = stats['sentence info']['syllables']
d = stats['sentence info']['long_words']
e = stats['sentence info']['complex_words']
return a, b, c, d, e
def get_score(text):
print("------------READABILITY -------------------------------------")
results = rd.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
mediane, taux_accord = calcul_readability(results)
print(
mediane, "(", taux_accord,
")\n-------------------------------------------------------------")
return mediane, taux_accord
def text_readability(self, text):
"""
Calculate the readability for a given text.
:return: readability measure
:rtype: float
"""
results = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
return results['readability grades']['FleschReadingEase']
def post_text():
"""receives POST req from node server, runs readability
method, responds with jsonified dict"""
text = request.json['content']
results = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
# print('RATING \n', results['readability grades'])
# print(text['content'], 'TEXT')
return jsonify(results)
def all_readbility_measures(text):
list_of_all_measures = [
readability.getmeasures(t, lang="en")['readability grades']
for t in text
]
df = pd.DataFrame.from_records(list_of_all_measures)
return df
def compute_readability(text, length_normalize=False):
# readability.getmeasures(text)
R = readability.getmeasures(text.decode('unicode-escape'),
lang=u'en',
merge=True)
score = R["Kincaid"] # Flesh - Kincaid score
if length_normalize:
score = score / float(len(text.split()))
return score
def get_read_measure(self):
value_list = []
for cat, data in list(readability.getmeasures(self._sentence_data, lang='en').items()):
print(('%s:' % cat))
for key, val in list(data.items()):
print(((' %-20s %12.2f' % (key + ':', val)).rstrip('0 ').rstrip('.')))
value_list.append(val)
return val
def extract_readability_features(text):
text = re.sub(r'\.', '.\n', text)
text = re.sub(r'\?', '?\n', text)
text = re.sub(r'!', '!\n', text)
features = dict(readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en'))
result = {}
for d in features:
result.update(features[d])
result = pd.Series(result)
return result
def readability_stats(dataframe, row, i, current_column, new_column,
readability_group, readability_measure):
this_comment = row[current_column]
tokenized = '\n\n'.join('\n'.join(' '.join(token.value
for token in sentence)
for sentence in paragraph)
for paragraph in segmenter.analyze(this_comment))
this_result = readability.getmeasures(tokenized, lang='en')
c.df[dataframe].at[
i, new_column] = this_result[readability_group][readability_measure]
def get_readability(text):
"""
return readability Length of the sentence, in words and characters; Flesch-Kincaid Grade Level score.
"""
blob = TextBlob(text)
results = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
return [
len(blob.words),
round(results['readability grades']['FleschReadingEase'], 2)
]
def extract_readability_features(text):
text = re.sub(r"\.", ".\n", text)
text = re.sub(r"\?", "?\n", text)
text = re.sub(r"!", "!\n", text)
features = dict(readability.getmeasures(text, lang="en"))
result = {}
for d in features:
result.update(features[d])
del result["paragraphs"]
result = pd.Series(result)
return result
def infer_readability(text):
"""
"""
if text is None or len(text) == 0:
return None
try:
measures = readability.getmeasures(text)
except:
return None
return measures
def _get_score(self, preprocessed_summary, dataset, score):
flesch_score = []
for i in range(len(preprocessed_summary)):
temp_sentence_list = tokenize.sent_tokenize(dataset[i, 0])
temp_score_list = []
for j in range(len(temp_sentence_list)):
if(any(c.isalpha() for c in temp_sentence_list[j])):
results = readability.getmeasures(temp_sentence_list[j], lang='en')
temp_score_list.append(results['readability grades'][score])
flesch_score.append(min(temp_score_list))
return np.array(flesch_score).reshape(-1,1)
def difficulty(df):
"""
Calculates the difficulty of the song's lyrics. Intended to be used with an apply function.
:param df: Dataframe of the potential one-hit wonders
:return: The readability score
"""
if df['foreign_language'] == 1:
return np.nan
else:
text = df['lyric_difficulty']
results = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
return results['readability grades']['FleschReadingEase']
def informality_features(text, text_id=0, complexity=False):
#for readability, sentences should be separated by '\n'
results = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
informality_scores = [score[1] for score in results['readability grades'].items()]
#reads the semanticComplexity from output_file.txt on line order matters as the id should match the line
if complexity:
complexity = pd.read_csv(cwd+"/res/complexity/output_file.csv")
complexity_score = complexity.iloc[text_id].values.tolist()
informality_scores.extend(complexity_score)
return informality_scores
def master_text(text):
#get extractive
ex = generate_summary(text)
#print("Finished Extractive Summary")
#get abstractive
fn = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), './story/a.story')
with open(fn, 'w') as f:
f.write(text)
ab = abstractive_summary()
#print("Finished Abstractive Summary")
#get keywords
kw, definitions = get_keywords(text)
#print("Finished getting keywords")
#other data
tags = get_tags(text)
#print("Finished getting tags")
n = graph_sentiment(text)
# print("Finished graphing sentiment")
results = readability.getmeasures(text, lang='en')
r = str(results['readability grades']['Kincaid'] / 2)
t = float(r)
if (t > 90):
r += " - Very easy to read. Easily understood by an average 11-year-old student."
elif (t > 80):
r += " - Easy to read. Conversational English for consumers."
elif (t > 70):
r += " - Fairly easy to read"
elif (t > 60):
r += " - Plain English. Easily understood by 13- to 15-year-old students."
elif (t > 50):
r += " - Fairly difficult to read."
elif (t > 30):
r += " - Difficult to read."
else:
r += " - Very difficult to read. Best understood by university graduates."
print([ex, ab, kw, definitions, tags, r, n])
return [ex, ab, kw, definitions, tags, r, n]
def add_features_to_df(X):
rows_to_add = []
for _, row in X.iterrows():
text = row[TEXT_COLUMN_NAME]
readability_features = getmeasures(text)
row_to_add = {}
row_to_add.update(readability_features['readability grades'])
rows_to_add.append(row_to_add)
df_to_add = pd.DataFrame(rows_to_add)
X_merged = pd.concat([X, df_to_add], axis=1)
return X_merged
def main():
features_data_file = 'data/allreadability.pickle'
features_object = {1: [], 2: [], 3: [], 4: [], 5: [], 6: [], 7: [], 8: []}
unwanted_features = [
'paragraphs',
'words',
'characters',
'sentences_per_paragraph',
'words_per_sentence',
]
final_array = None
data_file_path = 'data/training_set_rel3.tsv'
data = open(data_file_path, encoding="ISO-8859-1")
lines = data.readlines()
data.close()
for index, line in enumerate(lines[1:]):
if index % 50 == 0:
print(f"processed {index} essays")
tokens = line.strip().split('\t')
essay_id = int(tokens[0])
essay_set = int(tokens[1])
content = tokens[2].strip()
score = tokens[6]
sent_tokens = text_tokenizer(content,
replace_url_flag=True,
tokenize_sent_flag=True)
sentences = [' '.join(sent) + '\n' for sent in sent_tokens]
sentences = ''.join(sentences)
readability_scores = readability.getmeasures(sentences, lang='en')
features = [essay_id]
for cat in readability_scores.keys():
for subcat in readability_scores[cat].keys():
if subcat not in unwanted_features:
ind_score = readability_scores[cat][subcat]
features.append(ind_score)
features_object[essay_set].append(features)
for key in features_object.keys():
features_object[key] = np.array(features_object[key])
min_v, max_v = features_object[key].min(
axis=0), features_object[key].max(axis=0)
features = (features_object[key] - min_v) / (max_v - min_v)
features = np.nan_to_num(features)
features = features_object[key]
features_object[key][:, 1:] = features[:, 1:]
if isinstance(final_array, type(None)):
final_array = features_object[key]
else:
final_array = np.vstack((final_array, features_object[key]))
with open(features_data_file, 'wb') as fp:
pickle.dump(final_array, fp)
def readability_study(txt_file_name):
f = open(txt_file_name, "r")
text = f.read()
measures = readability.getmeasures(text, lang="en")
for cat, data in measures.items():
print('%s:' % cat)
for key, val in data.items():
print((' %-25s %12.2f' %
(key + ':', val)).rstrip('0 ').rstrip('.'))
return measures
def run_readability(texts):
out = []
for text in texts:
tokenized = '\n\n'.join(
'\n'.join(
' '.join(token.value for token in sentence)
for sentence in paragraph)
for paragraph in segmenter.analyze(text))
results = readability.getmeasures(tokenized, lang='en')
data = {}
for key in results:
data[key.replace(' ', '')] = dict(results[key])
out.append(data)
return out
def analyze_text(self, text):
tokenized = self.tokenize_text(text)
measures = readability.getmeasures(tokenized, lang='en')
return {
'grade_level':
measures['readability grades']['Kincaid'],
'words':
measures['sentence info']['words'],
'words_per_sentence':
measures['sentence info']['words_per_sentence'],
'sentences_per_paragraph':
measures['sentence info']['sentences_per_paragraph'],
'paragraphs':
measures['sentence info']['paragraphs']
}
def readability_features(self): features = [] content = '.'.join([self.title,self.short,self.need,self.essay]) n_para = len(re.findall(r'\\n\\n', content)) measures = getmeasures(sent_detector.tokenize(content)+['']*n_para) grades = measures['readability grades'] features += grades.values() sent_info = measures['sentence info'] features += sent_info.values() #features += map(lambda k: sent_info[k],\ #['characters_per_word', 'syll_per_word', 'words_per_sentence', 'characters','syllables', 'words', 'sentences', 'long_words', 'complex_words']) word_usage = measures['word usage'] features += word_usage.values() sent_begin = measures['sentence beginnings'] features += sent_begin.values() return tuple(features)
def score_statements(filename=DEFAULT_FILENAME, loglevel=logging.INFO, database=DB_PATH):
sia = SentimentIntensityAnalyzer()
for i, statement in enumerate(Statement.objects.iterator()):
s = sia.polarity_scores(statement.text)
score = Score(positive=s['pos'], negative=s['neg'], neutral=s['neu'], compound=s['compound'],
intensity=abs(s['compound']))
words = statement.text.split()
if len(words) and any(words):
superficial_measures = getmeasures(words)
score.flesch = superficial_measures['readability grades']['FleschReadingEase']
score.kincaid = superficial_measures['readability grades']['Kincaid']
score.dale_chall = textstat.dale_chall_readability_score(statement.text)
else:
score.flesch = 0
score.kincaid = 0
score.dale_chall = 0
score.save()
statement.score = score
statement.save()
print(statement.score)
return i
def getreadabilitymeasures(numsents):
"""Get readability of all files and store results in a dictionary."""
try:
import readability
except ImportError:
APP.logger.warning(
'readability module not found; install with:\npip install'
' https://github.com/andreasvc/readability/tarball/master')
return {}
files = glob.glob(os.path.join(CORPUS_DIR, '*.tok'))
results = {}
# consider a fixed number of sentences to get comparable results
cutoff = min(numsents)
for filename in sorted(files):
name = os.path.basename(filename)
# flatten results into a single dictionary of (key, value) pairs.
results[name] = {key: value
for data in readability.getmeasures(
islice(io.open(filename, encoding='utf8'), cutoff),
lang=LANG).values()
for key, value in data.items()}
return results
