class Dealer(Player):
def __init__(self,
name='Bob the dealer',
money=1000000,
delay=1,
verbose=True):
super().__init__(name, money)
self._playingPlayers = []
self._playersWithInsurance = []
self._shoe = Shoe()
self.delay = delay
self.isVerbose = verbose
def sit(self, table):
"""Override the player sit method. so that the dealer sits on the right side of the table."""
self._table = table
table.add_dealer(self)
def bet_or_leave(self):
"""
At the start of each round the player can either bet by entering an amount
to bet, sit this hand out by entering 0 for a bet, or leave the table by
entering -1.
"""
#
# The dealer will not be in the list of players, so this method will not be
# called on the dealer.
#
pass
def wants_insurance(self):
"""
Returns True if the player should buy insurance else return False.
This procedure is called by the dealer after all players have bet and
receives their cards and after the dealer has received his cards. It is
only called if the dealer is showing an ace (the dealer might have blackjack).
"""
#
# The dealer will not be in the list of players, so this method will not be
# called on the dealer.
#
pass
def play(self, hand, dealerShowing):
"""
Returns the player's action for this hand. The dealer calls this method
repeatedly for each of the player's hands until all hands are completed.
Valid return values are listed below. Note that two values are returned:
choice: one of the plays listeded below
additionalBet: the amount to "double down" by
additionalBet is discarded by the caller in all other cases.
allPlays = {'s': '[S]tand',
'h': '[H]it',
'd': '[D]ouble down',
'p': 's[P]lit',
'u': 's[U]rrender'}
return choice, additionalBet
"""
if hand.value() < 17:
choice = 'h' #hit
else:
choice = 's' #stand
additionalBet = None
return choice, additionalBet
def switch_shoe(self, shoe):
"""
When we run a simulation instead of a game, we want to make sure that all of
dealers are using the same shoe and switching shoes at the same time.
:param shoe: a preshuffled shoe, ready to be delt from.
:type shoe: Shoe
:return:
"""
self._shoe = shoe
for player in self._table.players:
player.reset_count()
def take_bets(self):
sleep(self.delay)
if self.isVerbose: print('\n---betting---')
self._playingPlayers = []
leavingPlayers = []
for player in self._table.players:
#
# = -1: player is leaving the table
# = 0: players is sitting this hand out
# > 0: player is betting this amount
#
if self.isVerbose: print(f'\n{player}')
betAmount = player.bet_or_leave()
name = player.name.capitalize()
minimumBet = 1
if betAmount == -1 or player.money < 1: # leaving table
leavingPlayers.append(player)
if self.isVerbose:
print(
f"{name} is leaving the table with ${player.money:0.2f}."
)
elif betAmount == 0:
if self.isVerbose: print(f"{name} is sitting this hand out.")
elif betAmount > 0 and player.money >= betAmount:
if betAmount < minimumBet:
betAmount = minimumBet
if betAmount > player.money:
betAmount = player.money
self._playingPlayers.append(player)
player.rake_out(betAmount)
self.rake_in(betAmount)
player.add_hand(Hand(betAmount))
player.handsPlayed += 1
player.totalWagers += betAmount
if self.isVerbose:
print(f"{name} is betting ${betAmount:0.2f}.")
else:
raise ValueError(
f"{player} doesn't have enough money to bet ${betAmount:0.2f}."
)
for player in leavingPlayers:
self._table.leave_table(player)
def show_card_to_players(self, card):
"""
Make sure that players who might be counting cards get to see
every card that is delt, not just the ones in their hands.
"""
for player in self._playingPlayers:
player.count(card)
def deal(self):
"""
Deal an initial 2 cards to each player and to the dealer.
"""
#
# Shuffle the cards if we need to.
#
if self._shoe.should_shuffle():
self._shoe.shuffle()
for player in self._table.players:
player.reset_count()
self._table.shuffling_shoe()
#
# Deal cards to each player.
#
cardsToDeal = 2
for _ in range(cardsToDeal):
for player in self._playingPlayers:
card = self._shoe.draw().flip()
player.hands[0].hit(card)
self.show_card_to_players(card)
#
# Deal yourself some cards.
#
bet = 0
self.add_hand(Hand(bet))
card = self._shoe.draw().flip()
self.hands[0].hit(card)
self.show_card_to_players(card)
self.hands[0].hit(self._shoe.draw().flip())
def offer_insurance(self):
if self.isVerbose: print('\n')
self._playersWithInsurance = []
if self.hands[0][1].name == 'ace':
for player in self._playingPlayers:
if player.wants_insurance():
self._playersWithInsurance.append(player)
player.insurance = player.hands[0].bet / 2
player.timesInsurance += 1
def play_hands(self):
"""
Loop through the players and let them choose what they want to do. Then
process that decision.
"""
playerOptions = {
's': self.player_stand,
'h': self.player_hit,
'p': self.player_split,
'd': self.player_double_down,
'u': self.player_surrender
}
if self.isVerbose: print('\n---players are playing---')
dealerShowing = self.hands[0][1]
for player in self._playingPlayers:
for hand in player.hands:
if hand.isBlackJack:
if self.isVerbose:
print(f"{player.name} has Blackjack! {hand}.")
while hand.can_hit():
sleep(self.delay)
playerDecision, additionalBet = player.play(
hand, dealerShowing)
if playerDecision.lower() in playerOptions:
which_option = playerOptions[playerDecision.lower()]
which_option(player, hand, additionalBet)
else:
if self.isVerbose:
print(
f"I'm sorry, I don't know what '{playerDecision}' means."
)
def player_stand(self, player, hand, *args):
hand.stand()
if self.isVerbose: print(f"{player.name} stands with {hand}.")
def player_hit(self, player, hand, *args):
card = self._shoe.draw().flip()
self.show_card_to_players(card)
hand.hit(card)
if self.isVerbose:
print(f"{player.name} hit and received a {card} {hand}.")
player.timesHit += 1
def player_split(self, player, hand, *args):
if hand.can_split() and player.money >= hand.bet:
self.rake_in(player.rake_out(hand.bet))
newHand = Hand(hand.bet)
newHand.hit(hand.split())
card = self._shoe.draw().flip()
self.show_card_to_players(card)
newHand.hit(card)
player.add_hand(newHand)
card = self._shoe.draw().flip()
self.show_card_to_players(card)
hand.hit(card)
if self.isVerbose:
print(
f"{player.name} split and now has: \n {hand}\n {newHand}"
)
player.timesSplit += 1
player.handsPlayed += 1
player.totalWagers += hand.bet
else:
if self.isVerbose:
print("Sorry, you can't split this hand (standing instead).")
self.player_stand(player, hand)
def player_double_down(self, player, hand, additionalBet):
if hand.can_double() and is_number(
additionalBet) and player.money >= additionalBet:
card = self._shoe.draw().flip()
self.show_card_to_players(card)
hand.double_down(card, additionalBet)
self.rake_in(player.rake_out(additionalBet))
if self.isVerbose:
print(
f"{player.name} doubled down and received a {card} {hand}."
)
player.timesDoubled += 1
player.totalWagers += additionalBet
else:
if self.isVerbose:
print("Sorry, you can't double this hand (hitting instead).")
self.player_hit(player, hand)
def player_surrender(self, player, hand, *args):
print('Sorry, surrender is not implemented (pick again).')
player.timesSurrendered += 1
#TODO Make sure dealer shows hole card to players somewhere for counting.
def play_own_hand(self):
if self.isVerbose: print('\n---dealer is playing---')
playerOptions = {'s': self.player_stand, 'h': self.player_hit}
hand = self.hands[0]
dealerShowing = hand[0]
while hand.can_hit():
playerDecision, additionalBet = self.play(hand, dealerShowing)
which_option = playerOptions[playerDecision]
which_option(self, hand, additionalBet)
def payout_hands(self):
if self.isVerbose: print('\n---results---')
dealerHand = self.hands[0]
for player in self._playingPlayers:
sleep(self.delay * 2)
for hand in player.hands:
if hand.isBusted:
winnings = 0
text = 'lost'
player.timesBusted += 1
player.timesLost += 1
player.lastHand = 'lost'
elif hand.isBlackJack and not dealerHand.isBlackJack:
winnings = hand.bet * 2.5
text = 'won (Blackjack!)'
player.timesWon += 1
player.timesBlackjack += 1
player.lastHand = 'won'
elif hand.isBlackJack and dealerHand.isBlackJack:
winnings = hand.bet
text = 'pushed (blackjack) and lost'
player.timesPushed += 1
player.timesBlackjack += 1
player.lastHand = 'pushed'
elif not hand.isBlackJack and dealerHand.isBlackJack:
winnings = 0
text = 'lost'
player.timesLost += 1
player.lastHand = 'lost'
elif hand.value() == dealerHand.value():
winnings = hand.bet
text = 'pushed and lost'
player.timesPushed += 1
player.lastHand = 'pushed'
elif dealerHand.isBusted:
winnings = hand.bet * 2
text = 'won (dealer busted)'
player.timesWon += 1
player.lastHand = 'won'
elif hand.value() > dealerHand.value():
winnings = hand.bet * 2
text = 'won'
player.timesWon += 1
player.lastHand = 'won'
elif hand.value() < dealerHand.value():
winnings = 0
text = 'lost'
player.timesLost += 1
player.lastHand = 'lost'
player.rake_in(winnings)
self.rake_out(winnings)
winnings = abs(winnings - hand.bet)
if self.isVerbose:
print(f"{player.name} {text} ${winnings:0.2f} on {hand}.")
#
# Payout any insurance bets.
#
for player in self._playersWithInsurance:
if dealerHand.isBlackJack:
winnings = player.insurance * 2
player.rake_in(winnings)
self.rake_out(winnings)
if self.isVerbose:
print(
f"{player.name} won ${player.insurance:0.2f} on the insurance bet."
)
else:
if self.isVerbose:
print(
f"{player.name} lost ${player.insurance:0.2f} on the insurance bet."
)
#
# Clear the table and get ready for the next round.
#
for player in self._playingPlayers:
player.discard_hands()
player.insurance = 0
if player._chips > player.maxMoney:
player.maxMoney = player._chips
self.discard_hands()
if self.isVerbose: print('---results complete---')
class BlackjackGame:
HAND_KEY = "hand"
BUST_KEY = "bust"
DONE_KEY = "done"
NUMBER_KEY = "number"
BET_KEY = "bet"
SURRENDER_KEY = "surrender"
def __init__(self, log, bankroll, rules_section="Blackjack"):
# Logger
self.log = log
# Required objects
self.rules = BlackjackRules(log, rules_section)
self.shoe = Shoe(log, self.rules.get_decks())
self.event_listener = EventListener(log)
# Variables
self.bankroll = bankroll
self.original_bet = 0
self.need_to_shuffle = False
self.split_hand_number = 1
self.insurance = 0
# Dealer hand related variables
self.dealer_hand = []
self.dealer_bust = False
# Player hand related variables
self.player_hand = self.new_player_hand()
self.split_hands = []
def get_rules(self):
return self.rules
def get_bankroll(self):
return self.bankroll
def get_dealer_hand(self):
return self.dealer_hand
def get_player_hand(self):
return self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY]
def get_player_hand_number(self):
return self.player_hand[self.NUMBER_KEY]
def set_event_listener(self, event_listener):
self.event_listener = event_listener
def can_double_down(self, hand, bet):
can = False
if len(hand) == 2 and self.calc_total_bets() + bet <= self.bankroll:
if self.rules.can_double_down_on_all() == True:
can = True
else:
total = self.calc_highest_total(hand)
if total >= 9 and total <= 11:
can = True
return can
def can_split(self, hand, bet):
can = False
if len(hand) == 2 and hand[0][0] == hand[1][
0] and self.calc_total_bets() + bet <= self.bankroll:
can = True
return can
def can_surrender(self):
can = False
if self.rules.is_surrender_allowed() and len(
self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY]) == 2 and len(
self.split_hands) == 0:
can = True
return can
def can_buy_insurance(self):
can = False
if self.rules.is_insurance_allowed() and self.calc_rank(
self.dealer_hand[1]
) == 1 and self.calc_total_bets() < self.bankroll:
can = True
return can
def calc_rank(self, card):
rank = 0
char = card[0]
if char.isdigit():
rank = int(char)
elif char == 'A':
rank = 1
elif char == 'T' or char == 'J' or char == 'Q' or char == 'K':
rank = 10
return rank
def calc_highest_total(self, hand):
total = 0
aces = 0
for card in hand:
rank = self.calc_rank(card)
#self.log.finest("card: " + card + ", rank: " + str(rank))
if rank == 1:
aces = aces + 1
total = total + rank
while total <= 11 and aces > 0:
total = total + 10
aces = aces - 1
return total
def calc_lowest_total(self, hand):
total = 0
for card in hand:
rank = self.calc_rank(card)
total = total + rank
return total
def calc_total_bets(self):
total = self.player_hand[self.BET_KEY]
for hand in self.split_hands:
total = total + hand[self.BET_KEY]
return total
def is_blackjack(self, hand):
blackjack = False
if self.calc_highest_total(hand) == 21 and len(hand) == 2:
blackjack = True
return blackjack
def has_splits(self):
if len(self.split_hands) > 0:
return True
return False
def new_player_hand(self):
new_hand = {
self.HAND_KEY: [],
self.BUST_KEY: False,
self.DONE_KEY: False,
self.BET_KEY: self.original_bet,
self.NUMBER_KEY: self.split_hand_number,
self.SURRENDER_KEY: False
}
self.split_hand_number = self.split_hand_number + 1
return new_hand
def double_bet(self):
self.player_hand[self.BET_KEY] = self.player_hand[self.BET_KEY] * 2
self.player_hand[self.DONE_KEY] = True
def surrender_hand(self):
self.player_hand[self.SURRENDER_KEY] = True
self.player_hand[self.DONE_KEY] = True
def buy_insurance(self, insurance):
if insurance >= 0 and insurance <= self.original_bet / 2 and self.calc_total_bets(
) + insurance <= self.bankroll:
self.insurance = insurance
return True
return False
def make_dealer_hole_card_visible(self):
self.event_listener.event("card", self.dealer_hand[0])
def deal_card(self, visible=True):
card = self.shoe.deal()
if card == "":
self.need_to_shuffle = True
card = self.shoe.deal()
if card == "":
self.log.warning("Shoe empty! Shuffling when not supposed to!")
self.shoe.shuffle()
self.event_listener.event("shuffle", "")
card = self.shoe.deal()
if visible == True:
self.event_listener.event("card", card)
return card
def deal_card_to_dealer(self):
self.dealer_hand.append(self.deal_card())
if self.calc_highest_total(self.dealer_hand) > 21:
self.dealer_bust = True
def deal_card_to_player(self):
self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY].append(self.deal_card())
if self.calc_highest_total(self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY]) > 21:
self.player_hand[self.BUST_KEY] = True
def deal_hand(self, bet):
# Save original bet
self.original_bet = bet
# Shuffle if need be
if self.need_to_shuffle:
self.need_to_shuffle = False
self.shoe.shuffle()
self.event_listener.event("shuffle", "")
# Setup hands
self.dealer_hand = []
self.dealer_bust = False
self.split_hands = []
self.split_hand_number = 1
self.player_hand = self.new_player_hand()
self.insurance = 0
# Deal hands
self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY].append(self.deal_card())
self.dealer_hand.append(self.deal_card(False))
self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY].append(self.deal_card())
self.dealer_hand.append(self.deal_card())
def split_hand(self):
self.log.finer("Before split: " + str(self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY]))
new_hand = self.new_player_hand()
card = self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY].pop()
new_hand[self.HAND_KEY].append(card)
self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY].append(self.deal_card())
new_hand[self.HAND_KEY].append(self.deal_card())
self.split_hands.append(new_hand)
self.log.finer("After split: " + str(self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY]) +
str(new_hand[self.HAND_KEY]))
def next_hand(self):
next = False
self.player_hand[self.DONE_KEY] = True
for i in range(len(self.split_hands)):
#print(self.split_hands[i])
if self.split_hands[i][self.DONE_KEY] == False:
next = True
# Append current hand at the end of the split list
self.split_hands.append(self.player_hand)
# Pop the next not done hand and make it the current hand
self.player_hand = self.split_hands.pop(i)
break
return next
def is_player_hand_over(self):
done = self.player_hand[self.DONE_KEY]
if done == False:
if self.player_hand[self.BUST_KEY] == True:
done = True
elif self.is_blackjack(self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY]) == True:
done = True
self.player_hand[self.DONE_KEY] = done
return done
def is_dealer_hand_over(self):
if self.is_blackjack(self.dealer_hand) == True:
return True
dealer_total = self.calc_highest_total(self.dealer_hand)
if dealer_total > 17:
return True
if dealer_total == 17 and self.rules.does_dealer_hits_on_soft_17(
) == False:
return True
return False
def finish_hand(self):
result = []
# Handle insurance bet
dealer_blackjack = self.is_blackjack(self.dealer_hand)
if self.insurance > 0:
if dealer_blackjack:
self.bankroll = self.bankroll + self.insurance * 2
else:
self.bankroll = self.bankroll - self.insurance
# Go through hands
while True:
if self.player_hand[self.SURRENDER_KEY] == True:
# Surrender, bet should be halved
player_won = SURRENDER_RESULT
self.bankroll = self.bankroll - self.player_hand[
self.BET_KEY] / 2
else:
player_won = PUSH_RESULT
dealer_total = self.calc_highest_total(self.dealer_hand)
player_total = self.calc_highest_total(
self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY])
# First, test for blackjacks
player_blackjack = self.is_blackjack(
self.player_hand[self.HAND_KEY])
if player_blackjack == True:
# Player blackjack! If dealer has blackjack too, push
if dealer_blackjack == False:
# No dealer black jack, pay out for blackjack
self.bankroll = self.bankroll + self.player_hand[
self.BET_KEY] * self.rules.get_blackjack_payout()
player_won = BLACKJACK_RESULT
else:
# Next, test for dealer blackjack
if dealer_blackjack == True:
player_won = LOSS_RESULT
# Now, test for busts
elif self.player_hand[self.BUST_KEY] == True:
player_won = LOSS_RESULT
elif self.dealer_bust == True:
player_won = WIN_RESULT
else:
# Now, compare hands
if dealer_total == player_total:
if self.rules.does_push_goes_to_dealer() == True:
player_won = LOSS_RESULT
elif dealer_total > player_total:
player_won = LOSS_RESULT
else:
player_won = WIN_RESULT
# Payout
if player_won == WIN_RESULT:
self.bankroll = self.bankroll + self.player_hand[
self.BET_KEY]
elif player_won == LOSS_RESULT:
self.bankroll = self.bankroll - self.player_hand[
self.BET_KEY]
result.append(player_won)
if len(self.split_hands) > 0:
# Pop the next hand and make it the current hand
self.player_hand = self.split_hands.pop(0)
else:
break
return result
class Game(object):
class Rules():
def __init__(self, shoe_size=4, min_bet=1, max_bet=10):
self.shoe_size = shoe_size
self.min_bet = min_bet
self.max_bet = max_bet
self.bet_multiplier = BET_MULTIPLIER
def __str__(self):
return "RULES\tMin bet: {}, Max bet: {}, Shoe size: {}, Bet multiplier: {}".format(
self.min_bet, self.max_bet, self.shoe_size,
self.bet_multiplier)
class PlayerState():
def __init__(self, p):
self.player = p
self.bet = 0
self.hand = []
self.bust = False
self.done = False
self.watch = False
def copy(self):
return copy.deepcopy(self)
def __str__(self):
if isinstance(self.player, Dealer):
return "{}".format(self.hand)
return "{} ({}€)".format(self.hand, self.bet)
def __repr__(self):
return "{}".format(self.player.name)
def hide_card(self):
h = self.copy()
h.hand = h.hand[1:]
return h
def want_to_play(self, rules):
return self.player.want_to_play(rules)
def take_bet(self, state, rules):
bet = 0
while (bet <> self.bet and self.bet != 0) or not (
rules.min_bet <= bet <= rules.max_bet
): #bets can't be 0 and double down means double down
bet = self.player.bet(state[0].hide_card(), state[1:])
self.bet += bet
def __init__(self,
players,
shoe_size=4,
debug=False,
verbose=False,
min_bet=1,
max_bet=10,
shoe=None):
if verbose:
# print(chr(27) + "[2J")
print("-" * 80)
self.verbose = verbose
self.debug = debug
self.rules = self.Rules(shoe_size=shoe_size,
min_bet=min_bet,
max_bet=max_bet)
self.shoe = Shoe(shoe_size)
if shoe != None:
self.shoe = shoe
self.shoe.shuffle()
self.state = [self.PlayerState(Dealer())
] + [self.PlayerState(p) for p in players]
self.done = False
def str_players_hands(self):
o = ""
for p in self.state[1:]:
o += "{:^45}".format(p)
return o
def str_players_names(self):
o = ""
for p in self.state[1:]:
o += "{:^35}".format(p.player)
return o
def __str__(self):
return (\
"{:^30}\n"\
"╔"+"═══════════════════════════════"*(len(self.state)-1)+"╗\n"\
"{:^45}\n"\
" \n"\
" \n"\
" \n"\
" \n"\
" \n"\
"{}\n"\
"╚"+"═══════════════════════════════"*(len(self.state)-1)+"╝\n"\
"{}\n"\
).format(self.state[0].player.name, self.state[0].hand if self.done else (["**"]+self.state[0].hide_card().hand if len(self.state[0].hand) else []), self.str_players_hands(), self.str_players_names())
def deal(self, num):
return self.shoe.deal_cards(1)
def take_bets(self):
if self.debug:
print(self)
for p in self.state[1:]:
if p.want_to_play(self.rules):
p.take_bet(self.state, self.rules)
else:
p.watch = True
def loop(self):
#deal initial cards
self.state[0].hand += self.shoe.deal_cards(2)
for p in self.state[1:]:
if not p.watch:
p.hand += self.shoe.deal_cards(2)
turn = 0
if card.blackjack(
self.state[0].hand
): #if the dealer has blackjack there is no point in playing...
self.done = True
return [p for p in self.state[1:] if card.blackjack(p.hand)]
#lets play
while not self.done:
turn += 1
hits = 0
for p in self.state[::-1]:
if p.watch or p.bust or p.done or card.value(
p.hand
) == 21: #skip players watching, bust players, players who have double down and players who already have blackjack!
continue
if self.debug:
print("TURN {}: {}".format(turn, p.player.name))
print(self)
action = ""
while action not in ["h", "s", "d", "u"]:
if isinstance(p.player, Dealer):
action = p.player.play(self.state[0], self.state[1:])
else:
action = p.player.play(self.state[0].hide_card(),
self.state[1:])
if action == "d" and turn != 1:
print(
"YOU CAN'T DOUBLE DOWN!!! double down is only available on the 1st turn"
)
action = ""
if action == "u":
p.watch = True
p.player.payback(
-p.bet // 2) #this means the player lost half his bet
continue
if action == "d":
p.take_bet(self.state, self.rules)
p.done = True
if action in ["h", "d"]:
p.hand += self.deal(1)
hits += 1
if card.value(p.hand) >= 21:
if card.value(p.hand) > 21:
p.bust = True
else:
p.done = True #already has blackjack
if isinstance(p.player, Dealer):
self.done = True #game is over we already have a blackjack
if hits == 0:
self.done = True
self.done = True
return [
p for p in self.state if not isinstance(p.player, Dealer)
and #Dealer is not really a winner
not card.blackjack(self.state[0].hand)
and #If dealer gets blackjack no one wins
not p.bust and #bust players can't win :)
(
card.value(p.hand) >= card.value(self.state[0].hand)
or self.state[0].bust
) #winners have more points then the dealer or the dealer has gone bust
]
def show_table(self):
for p in self.state[1:]:
p.player.show(self.state)
def payback(self, winners):
for p in self.state[1:]:
if p.watch: #skip watchers
continue
if p in winners and card.value(self.state[0].hand) == card.value(
p.hand):
p.player.payback(0) #bet is returned
elif p in winners:
p.player.payback(-p.bet + p.bet * BET_MULTIPLIER)
else:
p.player.payback(-p.bet) #this means the player lost
def run(self):
self.take_bets()
winners = self.loop()
self.show_table()
self.payback(winners)
if self.verbose:
print(self)
print("🏆 Winners: " + str(winners))
#!/usr/bin/python
from game import Game
from shoe import Shoe
from strategy import Strategy
shoe = Shoe(Shoe.DECK)
shoe.shuffle();
game = Game(Strategy(), { 'debug': True })
#game.debug()
#print(game.status)
print(game.play(shoe))
class Blackjack(object):
"""
An environment focused on playing blackjack. Can be played by a human or
agent. Agents should override `Actor` to provide custom functionality based on
the current state. An advantage of using this environment is that it allows
for many actors to play at once and accumulate different experiences.
"""
def __init__(self, agents, print_desc=False):
# A typical shoe has 6 decks and reshuffles when roughly 5/6 decks are used.
self.shoe = Shoe(6, 0.8)
self.dealer = DealerActor()
self.agents = []
self.player_count = len(agents) + 1
self.print_desc = print_desc
# Add the agents.
self.agents = agents
def deal(self):
"""Deals the cards to the various players and agents."""
if self.shoe.depth() > self.shoe.reshuffle_ratio:
self.shoe.shuffle()
for i in range(2 * self.player_count):
card = self.shoe.draw()
# Deal the card to the dealer last. This makes indexing easier, as well as
# follows Vegas rules.
if i % self.player_count == self.player_count - 1:
self.dealer.add_card(card)
else:
self.agents[i % self.player_count].add_card(card)
if self.print_desc:
print('Dealer: ' + str(self.dealer))
for idx, agent in enumerate(self.agents):
print('Player ' + str(idx + 1) + ': ' + str(agent))
print('-------------------------')
def play(self):
"""
Iterates through all of the agents and then the dealer to play their hand.
"""
if self.dealer.first_card().is_ace():
count = self.shoe.hilo_count() - self.dealer.hidden_card().hilo_count()
state = {
DEALER_STATE_KEY: self.dealer.first_card(),
COUNT_STATE_KEY: count,
INSURANCE_STATE_KEY: True
}
for idx, agent in enumerate(self.agents):
a = agent.process_state(state)
if a == Action.INSURANCE:
agent.took_insurance = True
if self.dealer.is_blackjack():
self.dealer.show_hand = True
if self.print_desc:
print('Dealer: ' + str(self.dealer))
print('Dealer has blackjack.')
return
for idx, agent in enumerate(self.agents):
self.play_agent(agent, idx)
self.dealer.show_hand = True
if self.print_desc:
print('Dealer: ' + str(self.dealer))
# Assess the dealer actions.
self.play_dealer(self.dealer)
if self.print_desc:
print('[FINAL] Dealer: ' + str(self.dealer))
print('-------------------------')
def assess_rewards(self):
"""Finalizes the hand and either takes or hands out winnings."""
for idx, agent in enumerate(self.agents):
# Other rewards are the number of cards that were drawn.
additional_cards = agent.drawn_cards()
running_reward = 0
# Iterate through all of the hands of the agent and assess how they
# performed.
for hand_idx, hand in enumerate(agent.hands):
# Get the new reward from the hand and update the running reward.
# Doubling down doubles the player's bet for that hand.
bet = (2 if hand.did_double else 1) * agent.bet
new_reward = self.compare_hands(self.dealer.hands[0],
agent.hands[hand_idx], bet)
if agent.took_insurance:
if self.dealer.is_blackjack():
if not agent.is_blackjack(hand_idx):
new_reward /= 2
else:
new_reward = agent.bet
else:
new_reward -= agent.bet / 2
running_reward += new_reward
if self.print_desc:
won = new_reward > 0
draw = new_reward == 0
self._print_reward(idx, hand_idx, won, draw, new_reward)
if self.print_desc:
print('\n\n')
# Process the rewards at the end of each agent's calculation.
agent.process_reward(running_reward, agent.drawn_cards())
self.dealer.process_reward(0, 0)
def compare_hands(self, dealer, player, bet):
player_count = player.count()
dealer_count = dealer.count()
dealer_bust = dealer_count > BLACKJACK_VALUE
player_bust = player_count > BLACKJACK_VALUE
# Both dealer and player blackjack is a push.
if dealer.is_blackjack() and player.is_blackjack():
return 0
loss = player_bust or (player_count < dealer_count and not dealer_bust)
win = ((dealer_bust or player_count > dealer_count or
player.is_blackjack()) and not player_bust)
if win:
return (1.5 if player.is_blackjack() else 1) * bet
elif loss:
return -1 * bet
else:
return 0
def play_agent(self, agent, idx):
hand_idx = 0
while hand_idx < len(agent.hands):
self.play_hand(agent, idx, hand_idx)
hand_idx += 1
if self.print_desc:
if len(agent.hands) == 1:
print('[FINAL] Player ' + str(idx + 1) + ': ' + str(agent))
else:
print('[FINAL] Player ' + str(idx + 1) + ':\n' + str(agent))
def play_hand(self, agent, idx, hand_idx):
"""
Plays an individual hand for an agent.
agent Agent:
- The agent that is currently playing.
idx Int:
- The index of the agent that is playing.
hand_idx Int:
- The index of the hand that is currently being played.
"""
# Splitting aces only allows for one card to be drawn for each hand.
# Therefore, don't allow any actions on the second split hand.
hand = agent.hands[hand_idx]
if hand.is_split:
if self.print_desc:
print('Player ' + str(idx + 1) + ' (' + str(hand_idx) + '): ' +
str(agent.hands[hand_idx]))
if hand.cards[0].is_ace():
return
d = False
while not d:
# The count should be adjusted such that the dealer's second card count
# isn't revealed.
count = self.shoe.hilo_count() - self.dealer.hidden_card().hilo_count()
state = {
DEALER_STATE_KEY: self.dealer.first_card(),
COUNT_STATE_KEY: count,
DOUBLE_DOWN_STATE_KEY: hand.can_double_down(),
SPLIT_STATE_KEY: hand.can_split(),
HAND_INDEX_STATE_KEY: hand_idx
}
# Process the current state.
a = agent.process_state(state)
# Add the card if the user hit.
if a == Action.HIT or a == Action.DOUBLE_DOWN:
agent.add_card(self.shoe.draw(), hand_idx)
if a == Action.DOUBLE_DOWN:
hand.did_double = True
split_finished = False
if a == Action.SPLIT:
# Split the hands into two hands.
split_finished = hand.cards[0].is_ace()
agent.split_hand(hand_idx)
agent.add_card(self.shoe.draw(), hand_idx)
agent.add_card(self.shoe.draw(), hand_idx + 1)
# Print the description after the user takes their action.
if self.print_desc and a != Action.STAND:
print('Player ' + str(idx + 1) + ' (' + str(hand_idx) + '): ' +
str(agent.hands[hand_idx]))
# The agent is finished after they stand, or double down. A controversial,
# but relatively accepted rule is only receiving one card for splitting
# aces.
d = (a == Action.STAND or a == Action.DOUBLE_DOWN or
hand.count() > BLACKJACK_VALUE or split_finished)
def play_dealer(self, dealer):
"""Plays the dealer's hand."""
d = False
while not d:
a = dealer.process_state({})
if a == Action.HIT:
dealer.add_card(self.shoe.draw())
if self.print_desc:
print('Dealer: ' + str(dealer))
# Dealer is done when they stand or bust.
d = a == Action.STAND or dealer.count() >= BLACKJACK_VALUE
def _print_reward(self, agent_idx, hand_idx, won, draw, reward):
if not self.print_desc:
return
player_desc = 'Player ' + str(agent_idx + 1) + ' (' + str(hand_idx) + ')'
if won:
print(player_desc + ' won. +' + str(reward))
elif draw:
print(player_desc + ' pushed.')
else:
print(player_desc + ' lost. ' + str(reward))
class Dealer(Player):
def __init__(self, name, money):
super().__init__(name, money)
self.shoe = Shoe()
self.players = []
# Holds bets before hands have been dealt
# We could make this a dictionary with the player's name as the key,
# but that assumes the player names are unique. Better solution would
# probably be to set bets on the Player object
self.playerBets = []
#region Dealer-specific methods
def deal_in(self, player):
"""Add a player to the dealer's table"""
self.players.append(player)
def has_players(self):
"""Returns true if the dealer is dealing to at least 1 player"""
return len(self.players) > 0
def take_bets(self):
"""Ask all players how much they want to bet. Removes them from the table if they bet -1"""
for player in self.players:
bet = player.bet_or_leave()
# Add each player's bet to a list of bets
self.playerBets.append(bet)
# Filter out players if they bet -1
self.players = [p for i, p in enumerate(self.players) if self.playerBets[i] != -1]
# Remove the -1 bets from the list of bets
self.playerBets = [b for b in self.playerBets if b != -1]
def deal(self):
"""Deal out hands to the players. Assumes we've taken bets"""
# Shuffle the shoe if it needs it
if (self.shoe.should_shuffle()):
self.shoe.shuffle()
# Deal out cards to the players
for index, player in enumerate(self.players):
bet = self.playerBets[index]
# Don't deal a hand if the player bet 0
if bet > 0:
player.rake_out(bet)
hand = Hand(bet)
for _ in range(2):
hand.hit(self.shoe.draw().flip())
player.add_hand(hand)
# Clear out playerBets, all bets are on hands now
self.playerBets = []
# Deal out cards to the dealer
dealerHand = Hand(0)
for _ in range(2):
dealerHand.hit(self.shoe.draw().flip())
# Give the dealer the hand
self.add_hand(dealerHand)
def resolve_hands(self):
dealerHand = self.hands[0]
dealerShowing = dealerHand[-1]
for player in self.players:
for hand in player.hands:
while hand.can_hit():
choice, bet = player.play(hand, dealerShowing)
if (choice == 's'):
hand.stand()
if (choice == 'h'):
hand.hit(self.shoe.draw().flip())
if (choice == 'd'):
player.rake_out(bet)
hand.double_down(self.shoe.draw().flip(), bet)
if (choice == 'p'):
player.rake_out(hand.bet)
splitHand = Hand(hand.bet)
card = hand.split()
splitHand.hit(card)
splitHand.hit(self.shoe.draw().flip())
player.add_hand(splitHand)
hand.hit(self.shoe.draw().flip())
print(f"{player.name} finishes with {hand}")
# Now that the players have played, the dealer needs to play
print("Let's see what the dealer has...")
print(f"{self.name} flips their card, showing {dealerHand}")
while dealerHand.can_hit():
self.play(dealerHand, dealerShowing)
print(f"{self.name} stands with {dealerHand}")
def payout(self):
print("Time to pay out!")
dealerHand = self.hands[0]
for player in self.players:
for hand in player.hands:
# If the player busts, they lose
if hand.isBusted:
print(f"{player.name} busts, losing ${hand.bet:,.2f}.")
self.rake_in(hand.bet)
# If the player's hand is worth less than dealer, they lose
elif hand < dealerHand:
print(f"{player.name} lost to the dealer, losing ${hand.bet:,.2f}.")
self.rake_in(hand.bet)
# If the hands are equal, the player gets their bet back
elif hand == dealerHand:
print(f"{player.name} pushed, returning their bet of ${hand.bet:,.2f}.")
player.rake_in(hand.bet)
# if player has blackjack and dealer doesn't (checked in == case), they win
elif hand.isBlackJack:
# Blackjack pays 3:2
print(f"Blackjack! {player.name} wins ${hand.bet * 1.5:,.2f}.")
player.rake_in(hand.bet + hand.bet * 1.5)
# If the player's hand is worth more than dealer, they win
elif hand > dealerHand:
# Winning pays 1:1
print(f"{player.name} beat the dealer, winning ${hand.bet:,.2f}.")
player.rake_in(hand.bet + hand.bet)
else:
raise NotImplementedError(f'Unchecked condition in payout. Player hand: {hand} Dealer: {dealerHand}.')
player._hands = []
self._hands = []
# Remove players that run out of money
for player in self.players:
if player.money <= 0:
print(f"{player.name} is out of cash. Thanks for playing!")
self.players = [p for p in self.players if p.money > 0]
#endregion
def play(self, hand, dealerShowing):
# Dealer hits on soft 17
if (hand.hard_value() >= 17):
hand.stand()
else:
hand.hit(self.shoe.draw().flip())
