def assert_missing_op(self, op, expr, local_dict):
msg = "expected NotImplementedError regarding '%s'" % op
try:
evaluate(expr, local_dict)
except NotImplementedError, nie:
if "'%s'" % op not in nie.args[0]:
self.fail(msg)
def assert_missing_op(self, op, expr, local_dict):
msg = "expected NotImplementedError regarding '%s'" % op
try:
evaluate(expr, local_dict)
except NotImplementedError, nie:
if "'%s'" % op not in nie.args[0]:
self.fail(msg)
def test_illegal_value(self):
a = arange(3)
try:
evaluate("a < [0, 0, 0]")
except TypeError:
pass
else:
self.fail()
def test_broadcasting(self):
a = arange(100).reshape(10, 10)[::2]
c = arange(10)
d = arange(5).reshape(5, 1)
assert_array_equal(evaluate("a+c"), a + c)
assert_array_equal(evaluate("a+d"), a + d)
expr = numexpr("2.0*a+3.0*c", [('a', float), ('c', float)])
assert_array_equal(expr(a, c), 2.0 * a + 3.0 * c)
def test_broadcasting(self):
a = arange(100).reshape(10,10)[::2]
c = arange(10)
d = arange(5).reshape(5,1)
assert_array_equal(evaluate("a+c"), a+c)
assert_array_equal(evaluate("a+d"), a+d)
expr = numexpr("2.0*a+3.0*c",[('a',float),('c', float)])
assert_array_equal(expr(a,c), 2.0*a+3.0*c)
def test_illegal_value(self):
a = arange(3)
try:
evaluate("a < [0, 0, 0]")
except TypeError:
pass
else:
self.fail()
def test_long_constant_promotion(self):
int32array = arange(100, dtype='int32')
res = int32array * 2
res32 = evaluate('int32array * 2')
res64 = evaluate('int32array * 2L')
assert_array_equal(res, res32)
assert_array_equal(res, res64)
self.assertEqual(res32.dtype.name, 'int32')
self.assertEqual(res64.dtype.name, 'int64')
def test_long_constant_promotion(self):
int32array = arange(100, dtype='int32')
res = int32array * 2
res32 = evaluate('int32array * 2')
res64 = evaluate('int32array * 2L')
assert_array_equal(res, res32)
assert_array_equal(res, res64)
self.assertEqual(res32.dtype.name, 'int32')
self.assertEqual(res64.dtype.name, 'int64')
def test_complex_strides(self):
a = arange(100).reshape(10,10)[::2]
b = arange(50).reshape(5,10)
assert_array_equal(evaluate("a+b"), a+b)
c = empty([10], dtype=[('c1', int32), ('c2', uint16)])
c['c1'] = arange(10)
c['c2'].fill(0xaaaa)
c1 = c['c1']
a0 = a[0]
assert_array_equal(evaluate("c1"), c1)
assert_array_equal(evaluate("a0+c1"), a0+c1)
def test_complex_strides(self):
a = arange(100).reshape(10, 10)[::2]
b = arange(50).reshape(5, 10)
assert_array_equal(evaluate("a+b"), a + b)
c = empty([10], dtype=[('c1', int32), ('c2', uint16)])
c['c1'] = arange(10)
c['c2'].fill(0xaaaa)
c1 = c['c1']
a0 = a[0]
assert_array_equal(evaluate("c1"), c1)
assert_array_equal(evaluate("a0+c1"), a0 + c1)
def test_axis(self):
y = arange(9.0).reshape(3, 3)
try:
evaluate("sum(y, axis=2)")
except ValueError:
pass
else:
raise ValueError("should raise exception!")
try:
evaluate("sum(y, axis=-3)")
except ValueError:
pass
else:
raise ValueError("should raise exception!")
def test_select(self):
f0 = arange(10, dtype=int32)
f1 = arange(10, dtype=float64)
irregular = rec.fromarrays([f0, f1])
f0 = irregular['f0']
f1 = irregular['f1']
i0 = evaluate('f0 < 5')
i1 = evaluate('f1 < 5')
assert_array_equal(f0[i0], arange(5, dtype=int32))
assert_array_equal(f1[i1], arange(5, dtype=float64))
def test_select(self):
f0 = arange(10, dtype=int32)
f1 = arange(10, dtype=float64)
irregular = rec.fromarrays([f0, f1])
f0 = irregular['f0']
f1 = irregular['f1']
i0 = evaluate('f0 < 5')
i1 = evaluate('f1 < 5')
assert_array_equal(f0[i0], arange(5, dtype=int32))
assert_array_equal(f1[i1], arange(5, dtype=float64))
def test_axis(self):
y = arange(9.0).reshape(3,3)
try:
evaluate("sum(y, axis=2)")
except ValueError:
pass
else:
raise ValueError("should raise exception!")
try:
evaluate("sum(y, axis=-3)")
except ValueError:
pass
else:
raise ValueError("should raise exception!")
def test_int64_array_promotion(self):
int32array = arange(100, dtype='int32')
int64array = arange(100, dtype='int64')
respy = int32array * int64array
resnx = evaluate('int32array * int64array')
assert_array_equal(respy, resnx)
self.assertEqual(resnx.dtype.name, 'int64')
def test_null_chars(self):
str_list = [
'\0\0\0', '\0\0foo\0', '\0\0foo\0b', '\0\0foo\0b\0',
'foo\0', 'foo\0b', 'foo\0b\0', 'foo\0bar\0baz\0\0' ]
for s in str_list:
r = evaluate('s')
self.assertEqual(s, r.tostring()) # check *all* stored data
def test_compare_array(self):
sarr1 = self.str_array1
sarr2 = self.str_array2
expr = 'sarr1 >= sarr2'
res1 = eval(expr)
res2 = evaluate(expr)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
def test_compare_variable(self):
sarr = self.str_array1
svar = self.str_constant
expr = 'sarr >= svar'
res1 = eval(expr)
res2 = evaluate(expr)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
def test_compare_array(self):
sarr1 = self.str_array1
sarr2 = self.str_array2
expr = 'sarr1 >= sarr2'
res1 = eval(expr)
res2 = evaluate(expr)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
def test_compare_variable(self):
sarr = self.str_array1
svar = self.str_constant
expr = 'sarr >= svar'
res1 = eval(expr)
res2 = evaluate(expr)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
def test_int64_array_promotion(self):
int32array = arange(100, dtype='int32')
int64array = arange(100, dtype='int64')
respy = int32array * int64array
resnx = evaluate('int32array * int64array')
assert_array_equal(respy, resnx)
self.assertEqual(resnx.dtype.name, 'int64')
def test_null_chars(self):
str_list = [
'\0\0\0', '\0\0foo\0', '\0\0foo\0b', '\0\0foo\0b\0', 'foo\0',
'foo\0b', 'foo\0b\0', 'foo\0bar\0baz\0\0'
]
for s in str_list:
r = evaluate('s')
self.assertEqual(s, r.tostring()) # check *all* stored data
def test_complex_expr(self):
def complex(a, b):
c = zeros(a.shape, dtype=complex_)
c.real = a
c.imag = b
return c
a = arange(1e4)
b = arange(1e4)**1e-5
z = a + 1j*b
x = z.imag
x = sin(complex(a, b)).real + z.imag
y = evaluate("sin(complex(a, b)).real + z.imag")
assert_array_almost_equal(x, y)
def test_complex_expr(self):
def complex(a, b):
c = zeros(a.shape, dtype=complex_)
c.real = a
c.imag = b
return c
a = arange(1e4)
b = arange(1e4)**1e-5
z = a + 1j * b
x = z.imag
x = sin(complex(a, b)).real + z.imag
y = evaluate("sin(complex(a, b)).real + z.imag")
assert_array_almost_equal(x, y)
def method(self):
npval = eval(expr, globals(), this_locals)
try:
neval = evaluate(expr, local_dict=this_locals,
optimization=optimization)
assert equal(npval, neval, exact), \
"""%r
(test_scalar=%r, dtype=%r, optimization=%r, exact=%r,
npval=%r (%r), neval=%r (%r))""" % (expr, test_scalar, dtype.__name__,
optimization, exact,
npval, type(npval), neval, type(neval))
except AssertionError:
raise
except NotImplementedError:
print('%r not implemented for %s' % (expr,dtype.__name__))
except:
print('numexpr error for expression %r' % (expr,))
raise
def method(self):
npval = eval(expr, globals(), this_locals)
try:
neval = evaluate(expr,
local_dict=this_locals,
optimization=optimization)
assert equal(npval, neval, exact), \
"""%r
(test_scalar=%r, dtype=%r, optimization=%r, exact=%r,
npval=%r (%r), neval=%r (%r))""" % (expr, test_scalar, dtype.__name__,
optimization, exact,
npval, type(npval), neval, type(neval))
except AssertionError:
raise
except NotImplementedError:
print('%r not implemented for %s' % (expr, dtype.__name__))
except:
print('numexpr error for expression %r' % (expr, ))
raise
def test_compare_prefix(self):
# Check comparing two strings where one is a prefix of the
# other.
for s1, s2 in [ ('foo', 'foobar'), ('foo', 'foo\0bar'),
('foo\0a', 'foo\0bar') ]:
self.assert_(evaluate('s1 < s2'))
self.assert_(evaluate('s1 <= s2'))
self.assert_(evaluate('~(s1 == s2)'))
self.assert_(evaluate('~(s1 >= s2)'))
self.assert_(evaluate('~(s1 > s2)'))
# Check for NumPy array-style semantics in string equality.
s1, s2 = 'foo', 'foo\0\0'
self.assert_(evaluate('s1 == s2'))
def test_compare_prefix(self):
# Check comparing two strings where one is a prefix of the
# other.
for s1, s2 in [('foo', 'foobar'), ('foo', 'foo\0bar'),
('foo\0a', 'foo\0bar')]:
self.assert_(evaluate('s1 < s2'))
self.assert_(evaluate('s1 <= s2'))
self.assert_(evaluate('~(s1 == s2)'))
self.assert_(evaluate('~(s1 >= s2)'))
self.assert_(evaluate('~(s1 > s2)'))
# Check for NumPy array-style semantics in string equality.
s1, s2 = 'foo', 'foo\0\0'
self.assert_(evaluate('s1 == s2'))
def run(self):
a = arange(3)
assert_array_equal(evaluate('a**3'), array([0, 1, 8]))
def test_big_int(self):
# Big ints should be promoted to longs.
# This test may only fail under 64-bit platforms.
res = evaluate('2**40')
assert_array_equal(res, 2**40)
self.assertEqual(res.dtype.name, 'int64')
def test_simple_expr(self):
x = arange(1e5)
y = evaluate("x")
assert_array_equal(x, y)
def test_simple_expr_small_array(self):
x = arange(100.0)
y = evaluate("x")
assert_array_equal(x, y)
def test_simple_expr_small_array(self):
x = arange(100.0)
y = evaluate("x")
assert_array_equal(x, y)
def test_all_scalar(self):
a = 3.
b = 4.
assert_equal(evaluate("a+b"), a+b)
expr = numexpr("2*a+3*b",[('a',float),('b', float)])
assert_equal(expr(a,b), 2*a+3*b)
def test_compare_copy(self):
sarr = self.str_array1
expr = 'sarr'
res1 = eval(expr)
res2 = evaluate(expr)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
def test_all_scalar(self):
a = 3.
b = 4.
assert_equal(evaluate("a+b"), a + b)
expr = numexpr("2*a+3*b", [('a', float), ('b', float)])
assert_equal(expr(a, b), 2 * a + 3 * b)
def test_simple(self):
a = array([1., 2., 3.])
b = array([4., 5., 6.])
c = array([7., 8., 9.])
x = evaluate("2*a + 3*b*c")
assert_array_equal(x, array([86., 124., 168.]))
def test_small_long(self):
# Small longs should not be downgraded to ints.
res = evaluate('42L')
assert_array_equal(res, 42)
self.assertEqual(res.dtype.name, 'int64')
def test_rational_expr(self):
a = arange(1e5)
b = arange(1e5) * 0.1
x = (a + 2*b) / (1 + a + 4*b*b)
y = evaluate("(a + 2*b) / (1 + a + 4*b*b)")
assert_array_equal(x, y)
def test_simple_expr(self):
x = arange(1e5)
y = evaluate("x")
assert_array_equal(x, y)
def test_compare_copy(self):
sarr = self.str_array1
expr = 'sarr'
res1 = eval(expr)
res2 = evaluate(expr)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
def test_reductions(self):
# Check that they compile OK.
assert_equal(disassemble(
numexpr("sum(x**2+2, axis=None)", [('x', float)])),
[('mul_fff', 't3', 'r1[x]', 'r1[x]'),
('add_fff', 't3', 't3', 'c2[2.0]'),
('sum_ffn', 'r0', 't3', None)])
assert_equal(disassemble(
numexpr("sum(x**2+2, axis=1)", [('x', float)])),
[('mul_fff', 't3', 'r1[x]', 'r1[x]'),
('add_fff', 't3', 't3', 'c2[2.0]'),
('sum_ffn', 'r0', 't3', 1)])
assert_equal(disassemble(
numexpr("prod(x**2+2, axis=2)", [('x', float)])),
[('mul_fff', 't3', 'r1[x]', 'r1[x]'),
('add_fff', 't3', 't3', 'c2[2.0]'),
('prod_ffn', 'r0', 't3', 2)])
# Check that full reductions work.
x = arange(10.0)
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(x**2+2,axis=0)"), sum(x**2+2,axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(x**2+2,axis=0)"), prod(x**2+2,axis=0))
# Check that reductions along an axis work
y = arange(9.0).reshape(3,3)
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(y**2, axis=1)"), sum(y**2, axis=1))
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(y**2, axis=0)"), sum(y**2, axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(y**2, axis=None)"), sum(y**2, axis=None))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(y**2, axis=1)"), prod(y**2, axis=1))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(y**2, axis=0)"), prod(y**2, axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(y**2, axis=None)"), prod(y**2, axis=None))
# Check integers
x = x.astype(int)
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(x**2+2,axis=0)"), sum(x**2+2,axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(x**2+2,axis=0)"), prod(x**2+2,axis=0))
# Check longs
x = x.astype(long)
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(x**2+2,axis=0)"), sum(x**2+2,axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(x**2+2,axis=0)"), prod(x**2+2,axis=0))
# Check complex
x = x + 5j
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(x**2+2,axis=0)"), sum(x**2+2,axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(x**2+2,axis=0)"), prod(x**2+2,axis=0))
def test_compare_constant(self):
sarr = self.str_array1
expr = 'sarr >= %r' % self.str_constant
res1 = eval(expr)
res2 = evaluate(expr)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
def run(self):
a = arange(3)
assert_array_equal(evaluate('a**3'), array([0, 1, 8]))
def test_compare_constant(self):
sarr = self.str_array1
expr = 'sarr >= %r' % self.str_constant
res1 = eval(expr)
res2 = evaluate(expr)
assert_array_equal(res1, res2)
def test_small_long(self):
# Small longs should not be downgraded to ints.
res = evaluate('42L')
assert_array_equal(res, 42)
self.assertEqual(res.dtype.name, 'int64')
def test_rational_expr(self):
a = arange(1e5)
b = arange(1e5) * 0.1
x = (a + 2 * b) / (1 + a + 4 * b * b)
y = evaluate("(a + 2*b) / (1 + a + 4*b*b)")
assert_array_equal(x, y)
def test_simple(self):
a = array([1., 2., 3.])
b = array([4., 5., 6.])
c = array([7., 8., 9.])
x = evaluate("2*a + 3*b*c")
assert_array_equal(x, array([ 86., 124., 168.]))
def test_big_int(self):
# Big ints should be promoted to longs.
# This test may only fail under 64-bit platforms.
res = evaluate('2**40')
assert_array_equal(res, 2**40)
self.assertEqual(res.dtype.name, 'int64')
def test_reductions(self):
# Check that they compile OK.
assert_equal(
disassemble(numexpr("sum(x**2+2, axis=None)", [('x', float)])),
[('mul_fff', 't3', 'r1[x]', 'r1[x]'),
('add_fff', 't3', 't3', 'c2[2.0]'),
('sum_ffn', 'r0', 't3', None)])
assert_equal(
disassemble(numexpr("sum(x**2+2, axis=1)", [('x', float)])),
[('mul_fff', 't3', 'r1[x]', 'r1[x]'),
('add_fff', 't3', 't3', 'c2[2.0]'), ('sum_ffn', 'r0', 't3', 1)])
assert_equal(
disassemble(numexpr("prod(x**2+2, axis=2)", [('x', float)])),
[('mul_fff', 't3', 'r1[x]', 'r1[x]'),
('add_fff', 't3', 't3', 'c2[2.0]'), ('prod_ffn', 'r0', 't3', 2)])
# Check that full reductions work.
x = arange(10.0)
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(x**2+2,axis=0)"), sum(x**2 + 2, axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(x**2+2,axis=0)"), prod(x**2 + 2, axis=0))
# Check that reductions along an axis work
y = arange(9.0).reshape(3, 3)
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(y**2, axis=1)"), sum(y**2, axis=1))
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(y**2, axis=0)"), sum(y**2, axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(y**2, axis=None)"), sum(y**2, axis=None))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(y**2, axis=1)"), prod(y**2, axis=1))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(y**2, axis=0)"), prod(y**2, axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(y**2, axis=None)"), prod(y**2, axis=None))
# Check integers
x = x.astype(int)
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(x**2+2,axis=0)"), sum(x**2 + 2, axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(x**2+2,axis=0)"), prod(x**2 + 2, axis=0))
# Check longs
x = x.astype(long)
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(x**2+2,axis=0)"), sum(x**2 + 2, axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(x**2+2,axis=0)"), prod(x**2 + 2, axis=0))
# Check complex
x = x + 5j
assert_equal(evaluate("sum(x**2+2,axis=0)"), sum(x**2 + 2, axis=0))
assert_equal(evaluate("prod(x**2+2,axis=0)"), prod(x**2 + 2, axis=0))
def find_colinear_hits(blastfile, qeval, seval, mask='query', as_str=False):
sqlite_file = blastfile[:blastfile.rfind(".")] + ".sqlite"
db = sqlite3.connect(sqlite_file)
cur = db.cursor()
# need these to convert the absolute coords in sqlite to match
# the local positions in the fresh blast
qmin, smin = [x[0] for x in cur.execute('SELECT bpmin FROM image_info ORDER BY id')]
# so we mask the new blast with anything that's NOT an HSP
sql = "SELECT image_id, bpmin, bpmax FROM image_data WHERE type != 'HSP'"
if mask == 'query': sql += ' AND image_id = 1'
b = blast_array(blastfile, dopickle=False, best_hit=0, maxkeep=99999)
if plot:
pylab.plot(b['qstart'], b['sstart'], "kx")
b = b[(b['eval'] < qeval) & (b['eval'] < seval)]
if plot:
pylab.plot(b['qstart'], b['sstart'], "ro")
# TODO: remove stuff that's way off the diagonal?
for row in cur.execute(sql).fetchall():
(start, stop, lmin) = row[0] == 1 and ('qstart', 'qstop', qmin) or ('sstart', 'sstop', smin)
assert (start, stop) == ('qstart', 'qstop') # for now, always only using query
cds_start, cds_stop = row[1] - lmin + 1, row[2] - lmin + 1
bstart, bstop = b[start], b[stop]
b = b[numexpr.evaluate("(((bstart < cds_start) & (bstop < cds_start)) | ((bstop > cds_stop ) & (bstart > cds_stop)))")]
r = 0
if not b.shape[0]: return None
delta = 0.2 * b['sstart'].max()
# here, try to find a sort of line, and keep removing outliers to only get linear cnss
for i in range(4):
slope, intercept, r, zy, zz = linregress(b['qstart'], b['sstart'])
#print >>sys.stderr, slope, intercept, r, zy, zz
if r > 0.8: break
bqstart = b['qstart']
expected = numexpr.evaluate('intercept + slope * bqstart')
bsstart = b['sstart']
s = b.shape[0]
b = b[numexpr.evaluate('bsstart - expected < delta')]
if s == b.shape[0]: break # not removing anything.
if plot:
pylab.plot(b['qstart'], b['sstart'], "bo")
pylab.savefig('/var/www/ms_tmp/d.png')
cnss = []
start_stops = [map(lambda p: int(p) + qmin - 1, pair) for pair in zip(b['qstart'], b['qstop'])]
for qstart, qstop in start_stops:
qres = cur.execute('SELECT xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, id, pair_id FROM image_data WHERE image_id = 1 AND bpmin = ? AND bpmax = ?', (qstart, qstop)).fetchone()
this_cns = [qres[:-1]]
if not qres: continue
sres = cur.execute('SELECT xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, id FROM image_data WHERE id = ?', (qres[-1],)).fetchone()
this_cns.append(sres)
cnss.append(this_cns)
return cnss
def find_colinear_hits(blastfile, qeval, seval, mask='query', as_str=False):
sqlite_file = blastfile[:blastfile.rfind(".")] + ".sqlite"
db = sqlite3.connect(sqlite_file)
cur = db.cursor()
# need these to convert the absolute coords in sqlite to match
# the local positions in the fresh blast
qmin, smin = [
x[0] for x in cur.execute('SELECT bpmin FROM image_info ORDER BY id')
]
# so we mask the new blast with anything that's NOT an HSP
sql = "SELECT image_id, bpmin, bpmax FROM image_data WHERE type != 'HSP'"
if mask == 'query': sql += ' AND image_id = 1'
b = blast_array(blastfile, dopickle=False, best_hit=0, maxkeep=99999)
if plot:
pylab.plot(b['qstart'], b['sstart'], "kx")
b = b[(b['eval'] < qeval) & (b['eval'] < seval)]
if plot:
pylab.plot(b['qstart'], b['sstart'], "ro")
# TODO: remove stuff that's way off the diagonal?
for row in cur.execute(sql).fetchall():
(start, stop,
lmin) = row[0] == 1 and ('qstart', 'qstop', qmin) or ('sstart',
'sstop', smin)
assert (start, stop) == ('qstart', 'qstop'
) # for now, always only using query
cds_start, cds_stop = row[1] - lmin + 1, row[2] - lmin + 1
bstart, bstop = b[start], b[stop]
b = b[numexpr.evaluate(
"(((bstart < cds_start) & (bstop < cds_start)) | ((bstop > cds_stop ) & (bstart > cds_stop)))"
)]
r = 0
if not b.shape[0]: return None
delta = 0.2 * b['sstart'].max()
# here, try to find a sort of line, and keep removing outliers to only get linear cnss
for i in range(4):
slope, intercept, r, zy, zz = linregress(b['qstart'], b['sstart'])
#print >>sys.stderr, slope, intercept, r, zy, zz
if r > 0.8: break
bqstart = b['qstart']
expected = numexpr.evaluate('intercept + slope * bqstart')
bsstart = b['sstart']
s = b.shape[0]
b = b[numexpr.evaluate('bsstart - expected < delta')]
if s == b.shape[0]: break # not removing anything.
if plot:
pylab.plot(b['qstart'], b['sstart'], "bo")
pylab.savefig('/var/www/ms_tmp/d.png')
cnss = []
start_stops = [
map(lambda p: int(p) + qmin - 1, pair)
for pair in zip(b['qstart'], b['qstop'])
]
for qstart, qstop in start_stops:
qres = cur.execute(
'SELECT xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, id, pair_id FROM image_data WHERE image_id = 1 AND bpmin = ? AND bpmax = ?',
(qstart, qstop)).fetchone()
this_cns = [qres[:-1]]
if not qres: continue
sres = cur.execute(
'SELECT xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax, id FROM image_data WHERE id = ?',
(qres[-1], )).fetchone()
this_cns.append(sres)
cnss.append(this_cns)
return cnss