def isequal(op1, op2, eps=1e-3):
from block import block_vec
v = op1.create_vec()
block_vec([v]).randomize()
xv = op1 * v
err = (xv - op2 * v).norm('l2') / (xv).norm('l2')
return err < eps
def collapse(x):
"""Compute an explicit matrix representation of an operator. For example,
given a block_ mul object M=A*B, collapse(M) performs the actual matrix
multiplication.
"""
# Since _collapse works recursively, this method is a user-visible wrapper
# to print timing, and to check input/output arguments.
from time import time
from dolfin import PETScMatrix, info, warning
T = time()
res = _collapse(x)
if getattr(res, 'transposed', False):
# transposed matrices will normally be converted to a non-transposed
# one by matrix multiplication or addition, but if the transpose is the
# outermost operation then this doesn't work.
res.M.transpose()
info('computed explicit matrix representation %s in %.2f s' %
(str(res), time() - T))
result = PETScMatrix(res.M)
# Sanity check. Cannot trust EpetraExt.Multiply always, it seems.
from block import block_vec
v = x.create_vec()
block_vec([v]).randomize()
xv = x * v
err = (xv - result * v).norm('l2') / (xv).norm('l2')
if (err > 1e-3):
raise RuntimeError(
'collapse computed wrong result; ||(a-a\')x||/||ax|| = %g' % err)
return result
def matvec(self, b):
'''Reduce'''
reshaped = []
for indices in self.mapping:
if len(indices) == 1:
reshaped.append(b.blocks[indices[0]])
else:
reshaped.append(PETScVector(as_petsc_nest(block_vec([b.blocks[idx] for idx in indices]))))
return block_vec(reshaped) if len(reshaped) > 1 else reshaped[0]
def issymmetric(op):
x = op.create_vec()
if hasattr(x, 'randomize'):
x.randomize()
else:
from block import block_vec
block_vec([x]).randomize()
opx = op * x
err = (opx - op.T * x).norm('l2') / opx.norm('l2')
return (err < 1e-6)
def matvec(self, b):
'''Reduce'''
reduced = []
for f, l in zip(self.offsets[:-1], self.offsets[1:]):
if (l - f) == 1:
reduced.append(b[f])
else:
reduced.append(block_vec(b.blocks[f:l]))
return block_vec(reduced) if len(reduced) > 1 else reduced[0]
def matmat(self, other):
from PyTrilinos import Epetra
from block.block_util import isscalar
try:
if isscalar(other):
C = type(self.M)(self.M)
if other != 1:
C.Scale(other)
return matrix_op(C, self.transposed)
other = other.down_cast()
if hasattr(other, 'mat'):
from PyTrilinos import EpetraExt
# Create result matrix C. This is done in a contorted way, to
# ensure all diagonals are present.
A = type(self.M)(self.M)
A.PutScalar(1.0)
B = type(other.mat())(other.mat())
B.PutScalar(1.0)
C = Epetra.FECrsMatrix(Epetra.Copy, self.rowmap(), 100)
EpetraExt.Multiply(A, self.transposed, B, other.transposed, C)
C.OptimizeStorage()
# C is now finalised, we can use it to store the real mat-mat product.
assert (0 == EpetraExt.Multiply(self.M, self.transposed,
other.mat(), other.transposed,
C))
result = matrix_op(C)
# Sanity check. Cannot trust EpetraExt.Multiply always, it seems.
from block import block_vec
v = result.create_vec()
block_vec([v]).randomize()
xv = self * other * v
err = (xv - result * v).norm('l2') / (xv).norm('l2')
if (err > 1e-3):
print('++ a :', self * other)
print('++ a\':', result)
print(
'++ EpetraExt.Multiply computed wrong result; ||(a-a\')x||/||ax|| = %g'
% err)
return result
else:
C = type(self.M)(self.M)
if self.transposed:
C.LeftScale(other.vec())
else:
C.RightScale(other.vec())
return matrix_op(C, self.transposed)
except AttributeError:
raise TypeError("can't extract matrix data from type '%s'" %
str(type(other)))
def matvec(self, b):
'''Reduce'''
# print type(b), b.size(), self.offsets
# assert b.size() == self.offsets[-1]
reduced = []
for f, l in zip(self.offsets[:-1], self.offsets[1:]):
if (l - f) == 1:
reduced.append(b[f])
else:
reduced.append(PETScVector(as_petsc_nest(block_vec(b.blocks[f:l]))))
return block_vec(reduced) if len(reduced) > 1 else reduced[0]
def as_block(monolithic, blocks):
'''Turn monolithic operator into block-structured one with indices specified in blocks'''
comm = mpi_comm_world()
# We want list of PETSc.IS-es
elm_type, = element_types(blocks)
if elm_type is FunctionSpace:
offsets = np.cumsum(np.r_[0, [Wi.dim() for Wi in blocks]])
idx = []
for first, last in zip(offsets[:-1], offsets[1:]):
idx.append(PETSc.IS().createStride(last - first, first, 1))
return as_block(monolithic, idx)
elif elm_type in (list, np.ndarray):
return as_block(monolithic, [
PETSc.IS().createGeneral(np.asarray(block, dtype='int32'))
for block in blocks
])
assert elm_type is PETSc.IS
# Break up Vector to block-vec
if isinstance(monolithic, (GenericVector, Vector)):
return as_block(as_backend_type(monolithic).vec(), blocks)
if isinstance(monolithic, (GenericMatrix, Matrix)):
return as_block(as_backend_type(monolithic).mat(), blocks)
if isinstance(monolithic, PETSc.Vec):
b = [
PETSc.Vec().createWithArray(monolithic.getValues(block), comm=comm)
for block in blocks
]
for bi in b:
bi.assemblyBegin()
bi.assemblyEnd()
return block_vec(list(map(PETScVector, b)))
# Otherwise we have a Matrix
try:
monolithic.getSubMatrix
A = [[
PETScMatrix(monolithic.getSubMatrix(block_row, block_col))
for block_col in blocks
] for block_row in blocks]
# NOTE: 3.8+ does not ahve getSubMatrix, there is getLocalSubMatrix
# but cannot get that to work - petsc error 73. So for now everything
# is done with scipy
except AttributeError:
monolithic = csr_matrix(monolithic.getValuesCSR()[::-1],
shape=monolithic.size)
A = [[
numpy_to_petsc(monolithic[block_row.array, :][:, block_col.array])
for block_col in blocks
] for block_row in blocks]
# Done
return block_mat(A)
def mult(self, mat, x, y):
'''y = A*x'''
y *= 0
# Now x shall be comming as a nested vector
# Convert
x_bvec = block_vec(map(PETScVector, x.getNestSubVecs()))
# Apply
y_bvec = self.A * x_bvec
# Convert back
y.axpy(1., as_petsc_nest(y_bvec))
def transpmult(self, b):
'''Unpack'''
b_block = []
for bi in b:
if isinstance(bi, (Vector, GenericVector)):
b_block.append(bi)
else:
b_block.extend(bi.blocks)
return block_vec(b_block)
def multTranspose(self, mat, x, y):
'''y = A.T*x'''
AT = block_transpose(self.A)
y *= 0
# Now x shall be comming as a nested vector
# Convert
x_bvec = block_vec(list(map(PETScVector, x.getNestSubVecs())))
# Apply
y_bvec = AT*x_bvec
# Convert back
y.axpy(1., as_petsc_nest(y_bvec))
def randomize(y):
'''Fill the vector with random values'''
if isinstance(y, (Vector, GenericVector, PETScVector)):
values = np.random.rand(y.local_size())
values -= np.mean(values)
y_vec = as_backend_type(y).vec()
y_vec.array_w = values
return y
return block_vec(map(randomize, y))
def block_tensor(obj):
"""Return either a block_vec or a block_mat, depending on the shape of the object"""
from block import block_mat, block_vec
import numpy
if isinstance(obj, (block_mat, block_vec)):
return obj
from ufl import Form
if isinstance(obj, Form):
from .splitting import split_form
obj = split_form(obj)
blocks = numpy.array(obj)
if len(blocks.shape) == 2:
return block_mat(blocks)
elif len(blocks.shape) == 1:
return block_vec(blocks)
else:
raise RuntimeError("Not able to create block container of rank %d" %
len(blocks.shape))
def transpmult(self, b):
'''Unpack'''
if isinstance(b, (Vector, GenericVector)):
b = [b]
else:
b = b.blocks
n = sum(map(len, self.index_sets))
unpacked = [0]*n
for bi, block_dofs, blocks in zip(b, self.index_sets, self.mapping):
if len(blocks) == 1:
unpacked[blocks[0]] = bi
else:
x_petsc = as_backend_type(bi).vec()
subvecs = [PETScVector(x_petsc.getSubVector(dofs)) for dofs in block_dofs]
for j, subvec in zip(blocks, subvecs):
unpacked[j] = subvec
return block_vec(unpacked)
def transpmult(self, b):
'''Unpack'''
if isinstance(b, (Vector, GenericVector)):
b = [b]
else:
b = b.blocks
n = len(b)
assert n == len(self.index_sets), self.index_sets
unpacked = []
for bi, iset in zip(b, self.index_sets):
if len(iset) == 0:
unpacked.append(bi)
else:
x_petsc = as_backend_type(bi).vec()
subvecs = map(lambda indices, x=x_petsc: PETScVector(x.getSubVector(indices)),
iset)
unpacked.extend(subvecs)
return block_vec(unpacked)
def setup_problem(n, mms, params):
'''Poisson solver'''
mesh = UnitCubeMesh(n, n, n)
V = FunctionSpace(mesh, 'CG', 1)
# Just one
boundaries = MeshFunction('size_t', mesh, 2, 0)
for tag, subd in enumerate(mms.subdomains, 1):
CompiledSubDomain(subd, tol=1E-10).mark(boundaries, tag)
u_true, = mms.solution
bc = DirichletBC(V, u_true, boundaries, 1)
f, = mms.rhs
u, v = TrialFunction(V), TestFunction(V)
a = inner(grad(u), grad(v))*dx
L = inner(f, v)*dx
A, b = assemble_system(a, L, bc)
return block_mat([[A]]), block_vec([b]), [V]
u, v = TrialFunction(V), TestFunction(V)
ub, vb = TrialFunction(Vb), TestFunction(Vb)
b = [[0, 0], [0, 0]]
b[0][0] = inner(grad(u), grad(v)) * dx + inner(u, v) * dx
b[0][1] = inner(grad(ub), grad(v)) * dx + inner(ub, v) * dx
b[1][0] = inner(grad(u), grad(vb)) * dx + inner(u, vb) * dx
b[1][1] = inner(grad(ub), grad(vb)) * dx + inner(ub, vb) * dx
BB = ii_assemble(b)
x = Function(V).vector()
x.set_local(np.random.rand(x.local_size()))
y = Function(Vb).vector()
y.set_local(np.random.rand(y.local_size()))
bb = block_vec([x, y])
z_block = BB * bb
# Make into a monolithic matrix
BB_m = ii_convert(BB)
R = ReductionOperator([2], W=[V, Vb])
z = (R.T) * BB_m * (R * bb)
print(z - z_block).norm()
y = BB_m * (R * bb)
print np.linalg.norm(
np.hstack([bi.get_local() for bi in z_block]) - y.get_local())
def apply_bc(A, b, bcs, diag_val=1., return_apply_b=False):
'''
Apply block boundary conditions to block system A, b
'''
# Specs of do nothing
if bcs is None or not bcs or (not any(bc for bc in bcs)
and isinstance(bcs, list)):
return A, b
# Allow for A, b be simple matrices. To proceed we wrap them as
# block objects
has_wrapped_A = False
if not isinstance(A, block_mat):
A = block_mat([[A]])
has_wrapped_A = True
if b is None:
b = A.create_vec()
if not isinstance(b, block_vec):
assert has_wrapped_A
b = block_vec([b])
if isinstance(bcs, dict):
assert all(0 <= k < len(A) for k in list(bcs.keys()))
assert all(isinstance(v, list) for v in list(bcs.values()))
bcs = [bcs.get(i, []) for i in range(len(A))]
else:
if has_wrapped_A:
bcs = [bcs]
# block boundary conditions is a list with bcs for each block of A, b
assert len(A) == len(b) == len(bcs), (len(A), len(b), len(bcs))
bcs_ = []
for bc in bcs:
assert isinstance(bc, (DirichletBC, list))
if isinstance(bc, DirichletBC):
bcs_.append([bc])
else:
bcs_.append(bc)
bcs = bcs_
if not bcs or not any(bcs): return A, b
# Obtain a monolithic matrix
AA, bb = list(map(convert, (A, b)))
# PETSc guys
AA, bb = as_backend_type(AA).mat(), as_backend_type(bb).vec()
# We want to make a monotlithic matrix corresponding to function sp ace
# where the spaces are serialized
# Break apart for block
offsets = [0]
for bi in b:
offsets.append(offsets[-1] + bi.size())
assert AA.size[0] == AA.size[1] == offsets[-1], (AA.size[0], AA.size[1],
offsets)
rows = []
x_values = []
# Each bc in the group has dofs numbered only wrt to its space.
# We're after global numbering
for shift, bcs_sub in zip(offsets, bcs):
for bc in bcs_sub:
# NOTE: bcs can be a dict or DirichletBC in which case we extract
# the dict
if isinstance(bc, DirichletBC): bc = bc.get_boundary_values()
# Dofs and values for rhs
rows.extend(shift + np.array(list(bc.keys()), dtype='int32'))
x_values.extend(list(bc.values()))
rows = np.hstack(rows)
x_values = np.array(x_values)
x = bb.copy()
x.zeroEntries()
x.setValues(rows, x_values)
x.assemble()
blocks = []
for first, last in zip(offsets[:-1], offsets[1:]):
blocks.append(PETSc.IS().createStride(last - first, first, 1))
if return_apply_b:
# We don't want to reassemble system and apply bcs (when they are
# updated) to the (new) matrix and the rhs. Matrix is expensive
# AND the change of bcs only effects the rhs. So what we build
# here is a function which applies updated bcs only to rhs as
# if by assemble_system (i.e. in a symmetric way)
def apply_b(bb, AA=AA.copy(), dofs=rows, bcs=bcs, blocks=blocks):
# Pick up the updated values
values = np.array(
sum((list(bc.get_boundary_values().values()) if isinstance(
bc, DirichletBC) else [] for bcs_sub in bcs
for bc in bcs_sub), []))
# Taken from cbc.block
c, Ac = AA.createVecs()
c.zeroEntries()
c.setValues(dofs, values) # Forward
c.assemble()
AA.mult(c, Ac) # Note: we work with the deep copy of A
b = convert(bb) # We cond't get view here ...
b_vec = as_backend_type(b).vec()
b_vec.axpy(-1, Ac) # Elliminate
b_vec.setValues(dofs, values)
b_vec.assemble()
bb *= 0 # ... so copy
bb += as_block(b, blocks)
return bb
# Apply to monolithic
len(rows) and AA.zeroRowsColumns(rows, diag=diag_val, x=x, b=bb)
# Reasamble into block shape
b = as_block(bb, blocks)
A = as_block(AA, blocks)
if has_wrapped_A: return A[0][0], b[0]
if return_apply_b:
return A, b, apply_b
return A, b
u = TrialFunction(V)
M = assemble(inner(u, v)*dx)
# With cbc.block
Q = FunctionSpace(mesh, 'CG', 1)
p, q = TrialFunction(Q), TestFunction(Q)
block = assemble(inner(p, q)*dx)
Mb = block_mat([[block, 0],
[0, block]])
# The equivalence: let's see how the two operators act on representation of the same
# function. For cbc block the dofs of subspaces are serialized.
x_array = np.random.rand(V.dim())
x = Function(V).vector(); x.set_local(x_array); x.apply('insert')
# Reorder for cbc.block
xx_array = x_array[dofs_x]
xy_array = x_array[dofs_y]
xx = Function(Q).vector(); xx.set_local(xx_array); xx.apply('insert')
xy = Function(Q).vector(); xy.set_local(xy_array); xy.apply('insert')
xb = block_vec([xx, xy])
# Action
y = x.copy()
M.mult(x, y)
yx, yy = y.array()[dofs_x], y.array()[dofs_y]
yb = Mb*xb
ybx, yby = yb[0].array(), yb[1].array()
print np.linalg.norm(yx-ybx), np.linalg.norm(yy-yby)
def lagrange_mixed(lmbda, mu, f, h, mesh, Z=None):
'''
Solves
-div(sigma) = f in Omega
sigma.n = h on boundary
where sigma(u) = 2*mu*eps(u) + lambda*div(u)*I. The problem is reformulated by
Lagrange multiplier nu to inforce orthogonality with the space of rigid
motions. To get robustnes in lmbda solid pressure p = lambda*div u is introduced.
The system to be solved with MinRes is
P*[A C B; *[u, = P*[L,
C' D 0; p, 0,
B' 0 0] nu] 0]
with P a precondtioner. We run on series of meshes to show mesh independence
of the solver.
'''
if not isinstance(mesh, Mesh):
# NOTE: You can precompute the 'symbolic' basis and pass it here
return [lagrange_mixed(lmbda, mu, f, h, mesh_) for mesh_ in mesh]
# For cube
V = VectorFunctionSpace(mesh, 'CG', 2)
Q = FunctionSpace(mesh, 'CG', 1)
u, v = TrialFunction(V), TestFunction(V)
p, q = TrialFunction(Q), TestFunction(Q)
# Strain
epsilon = lambda u: sym(grad(u))
# Stress
gdim = mesh.geometry().dim()
sigma = lambda u: 2*mu*epsilon(u) + lmbda*tr(epsilon(u))*Identity(gdim)
a = 2*mu*inner(sym(grad(u)), sym(grad(v)))*dx
A = assemble(a)
c = inner(div(v), p)*dx
C = assemble(c)
d = -(inner(p, q)/Constant(lmbda))*dx
D = assemble(d)
m = inner(u, v)*dx
M = assemble(m)
# NOTE: Avoiding use of Q space in the assembly - dense blocks!
X = VectorFunctionSpace(mesh, 'R', 0, dim=6)
Zh = rigid_motions.RMBasis(V, X, Z) # L^2 orthogonal
B = M*Zh
# System operator
AA = block_mat([[A, C, B],
[block_transpose(C), D, 0],
[block_transpose(B), 0, 0]])
# Right hand side
L = inner(f, v)*dx + inner(h, v)*ds
b0 = assemble(L)
b1 = assemble(inner(Constant(0), q)*dx)
# Equivalent to assemble(inner(Constant((0, )*6), q)*dx) but cheaper
b2 = Function(X).vector()
bb = block_vec([b0, b1, b2])
# Block diagonal preconditioner
IV = assemble(a + m)
IQ = assemble(inner(p, q)*dx)
IX = rigid_motions.identity_matrix(X)
BB = block_mat([[AMG(IV), 0, 0],
[0, AMG(IQ), 0],
[0, 0, IX]])
# Solve, using random initial guess
x0 = AA.create_vec()
[as_backend_type(xi).vec().setRandom() for xi in x0]
AAinv = MinRes(AA, precond=BB, initial_guess=x0, maxiter=120, tolerance=1E-8,
show=2, relativeconv=True)
x = AAinv*bb
# # Functions from coefficients
# # uh = Function(V, x[0]) # Displacement
# # ph = Function(Q, x[1]) # Solid pressure
# # nuh = Zh.rigid_motion(x[2]) # Function in V
niters = len(AAinv.residuals) - 1
assert niters < 120
P = rigid_motions.Projector(Zh)
P*x0[0] # to get orthogonality
if MPI.rank(mesh.mpi_comm()) == 0:
print '\033[1;37;31m%s\033[0m' % ('Orthogonality %g' % max(P.alphas))
pass
return V.dim() + Q.dim() + 6, niters
def block_vec(self):
'''A block vec that is the coefficients of the function'''
return block_vec(self.vectors())
def create_vec(self, dim=1):
if dim == 1:
return block_vec([Function(Wi).vector() for Wi in self.W])
x = self.create_vec(dim=1)
return self*x
def apply_bc(A, b, bcs, diag_val=1.):
'''
Apply block boundary conditions to block system A, b
'''
if not any(bcs): return A, b
# Allow for A, b be simple matrices. To proceed we wrap them as
# block objects
has_wrapped_A = False
if not isinstance(A, block_mat):
A = block_mat([[A]])
has_wrapped_A = True
if b is None:
b = A.create_vec()
if not isinstance(b, block_vec):
assert has_wrapped_A
b = block_vec([b])
bcs = [bcs]
# block boundary conditions is a list with bcs for each block of A, b
assert len(A) == len(b) == len(bcs)
bcs_ = []
for bc in bcs:
assert isinstance(bc, (DirichletBC, list))
if isinstance(bc, DirichletBC):
bcs_.append([bc])
else:
bcs_.append(bc)
bcs = bcs_
if not bcs or not any(bcs): return A, b
# Obtain a monolithic matrix
AA, bb = map(convert, (A, b))
# PETSc guys
AA, bb = as_backend_type(AA).mat(), as_backend_type(bb).vec()
# We want to make a monotlithic matrix corresponding to function sp ace
# where the spaces are serialized
# Break apart for block
offsets = [0]
for bi in b:
offsets.append(offsets[-1] + bi.size())
rows = []
x_values = []
# Each bc in the group has dofs numbered only wrt to its space.
# We're after global numbering
for shift, bcs_sub in zip(offsets, bcs):
for bc in bcs_sub:
# NOTE: bcs can be a dict or DirichletBC in which case we extract
# the dict
if isinstance(bc, DirichletBC): bc = bc.get_boundary_values()
# Dofs and values for rhs
rows.extend(shift + np.array(bc.keys(), dtype='int32'))
x_values.extend(bc.values())
rows = np.hstack(rows)
x_values = np.array(x_values)
x = bb.copy()
x.zeroEntries()
x.setValues(rows, x_values)
# Apply to monolithic
len(rows) and AA.zeroRowsColumns(rows, diag=diag_val, x=x, b=bb)
blocks = []
for first, last in zip(offsets[:-1], offsets[1:]):
blocks.append(PETSc.IS().createStride(last-first, first, 1))
# Reasamble
comm = mpi_comm_world()
b = [PETSc.Vec().createWithArray(bb.getValues(block), comm=comm) for block in blocks]
for bi in b:
bi.assemblyBegin()
bi.assemblyEnd()
b = block_vec(map(PETScVector, b))
# PETSc 3.7.x
try:
AA.getSubMatrix
A = [[PETScMatrix(AA.getSubMatrix(block_row, block_col)) for block_col in blocks]
for block_row in blocks]
# NOTE: 3.8+ does not ahve getSubMatrix, there is getLocalSubMatrix
# but cannot get that to work - petsc error 73. So for now everything
# is done with scipy
except AttributeError:
AA = csr_matrix(AA.getValuesCSR()[::-1], shape=AA.size)
A = [[numpy_to_petsc(AA[block_row.array, :][:, block_col.array]) for block_col in blocks]
for block_row in blocks]
# Block mat
A = block_mat(A)
if has_wrapped_A: return A[0][0], b[0]
return A, b
def block_vec(self):
'''A block vec that is the coefficients of the function'''
return block_vec(self.vectors())
# With cbc.block
Q = FunctionSpace(mesh, 'CG', 1)
p, q = TrialFunction(Q), TestFunction(Q)
block00 = assemble(inner(p.dx(0), q.dx(0))*dx)
block01 = assemble(inner(p.dx(1), q.dx(0))*dx)
block10 = assemble(inner(p.dx(0), q.dx(1))*dx)
block11 = assemble(inner(p.dx(1), q.dx(1))*dx)
Mb = block_mat([[block00, block01],
[block10, block11]])
# The equivalence: let's see how the two operators act on representation of the same
# function. For cbc block the dofs of subspaces are serialized.
x_array = np.random.rand(V.dim())
x = Function(V).vector(); x.set_local(x_array); x.apply('insert')
# Reorder for cbc.block
xx_array = x_array[dofs_x]
xy_array = x_array[dofs_y]
xx = Function(Q).vector(); xx.set_local(xx_array); xx.apply('insert')
xy = Function(Q).vector(); xy.set_local(xy_array); xy.apply('insert')
xb = block_vec([xx, xy])
# Action
y = x.copy()
M.mult(x, y)
yx, yy = y.array()[dofs_x], y.array()[dofs_y]
yb = Mb*xb
ybx, yby = yb[0].array(), yb[1].array()
print np.linalg.norm(yx-ybx), np.linalg.norm(yy-yby)
def lagrange_primal(lmbda, mu, f, h, mesh, Z=None):
'''
Solves
-div(sigma) = f in Omega
sigma.n = h on boundary
where sigma(u) = 2*mu*eps(u) + lambda*div(u)*I. The problem is reformulated by
Lagrange multiplier p to inforce orthogonality with the space of rigid
motions. The system to be solved with MinRes is
P*[A B;*[u; = P*[L,
B' ] p] 0]
with P a precondtioner. We run on series of meshes to show mesh independence
of the solver.
'''
if not isinstance(mesh, Mesh):
# NOTE: You can precompute the 'symbolic' basis and pass it here
return [lagrange_primal(lmbda, mu, f, h, mesh_) for mesh_ in mesh]
# For cube
V = VectorFunctionSpace(mesh, 'CG', 1)
u, v = TrialFunction(V), TestFunction(V)
# Strain
epsilon = lambda u: sym(grad(u))
# Stress
gdim = mesh.geometry().dim()
sigma = lambda u: 2 * mu * epsilon(u) + lmbda * tr(epsilon(u)) * Identity(
gdim)
# Energy of elastic deformation
a = inner(sigma(u), epsilon(v)) * dx
A = assemble(a)
# Mass matrix for B
m = inner(u, v) * dx
M = assemble(m)
# NOTE: Avoiding use of Q space in the assembly - dense blocks!
Q = VectorFunctionSpace(mesh, 'R', 0, dim=6)
Zh = rigid_motions.RMBasis(V, Q, Z) # L^2 orthogonal
B = M * Zh
# System operator
AA = block_mat([[A, B], [block_transpose(B), 0]])
# Right hand side
L = inner(f, v) * dx + inner(h, v) * ds
b0 = assemble(L)
# Equivalent to assemble(inner(Constant((0, )*6), q)*dx) but cheaper
b1 = Function(Q).vector()
bb = block_vec([b0, b1])
# Block diagonal preconditioner
AM = assemble(a + m)
I = rigid_motions.identity_matrix(Q)
BB = block_mat([[AMG(AM), 0], [0, I]])
# Solve, using random initial guess
x0 = AA.create_vec()
[as_backend_type(xi).vec().setRandom() for xi in x0]
AAinv = MinRes(AA,
precond=BB,
initial_guess=x0,
maxiter=100,
tolerance=1E-8,
show=2,
relativeconv=True)
x = AAinv * bb
# Functions from coefficients
# uh = Function(V, x[0]) # Displacement
# zh = Zh.rigid_motion(x[1]) # Function in V
niters = len(AAinv.residuals) - 1
assert niters < 100
P = rigid_motions.Projector(Zh)
P * x[0] # to get orthogonality
if MPI.rank(mesh.mpi_comm()) == 0:
print '\033[1;37;31m%s\033[0m' % ('Orthogonality %g' % max(P.alphas))
return V.dim() + 6, niters
return [vec.inner(v) for v in self]
# --------------------------------------------------------------------
if __name__ == '__main__':
from dolfin import *
from block import block_vec
import numpy as np
mesh = UnitSquareMesh(32, 32)
V = FunctionSpace(mesh, 'CG', 1)
W = [V, FunctionSpace(mesh, 'CG', 2)]
x = block_vec([
interpolate(Constant(1), V).vector(),
interpolate(Constant(2), V).vector()
])
Z = BlockNullspace(W)
Z.add_vector(x)
assert len(Z) == 1
x = block_vec([0, interpolate(Constant(3), V).vector()])
Z.add_vector(x)
assert len(Z) == 2
y = block_vec([
interpolate(Constant(1), V).vector(),
interpolate(Constant(1), V).vector()
])
y = Z.orthogonalize(y)
def matvec(self, b):
'''Extract'''
return block_vec([b[index] for index in self.indices])
