示例#1
0
    def test(self):
        """
        Test classifier to identify valid samples to attack.
        """

        num_batches = int(math.ceil(self.test_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))
        self.model.eval()
        assert self.model.training is False
        assert self.test_images.shape[0] == self.test_codes.shape[0], 'number of samples have to match'

        for b in range(num_batches):
            b_start = b * self.args.batch_size
            b_end = min((b + 1) * self.args.batch_size, self.test_images.shape[0])
            batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(self.test_images[b_start: b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(self.test_codes[b_start: b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            output_classes = self.model(batch_images)
            values, indices = torch.max(torch.nn.functional.softmax(output_classes, dim=1), dim=1)
            errors = torch.abs(indices - batch_classes)

            self.accuracy = common.numpy.concatenate(self.accuracy, errors.data.cpu().numpy())

            if b % 100 == 0:
                log('[Attack] computing accuracy %d' % b)

        self.accuracy = self.accuracy == 0
        utils.write_hdf5(self.args.accuracy_file, self.accuracy)
        log('[Attack] wrote %s' % self.args.accuracy_file)

        accuracy = numpy.sum(self.accuracy)/float(self.accuracy.shape[0])
        log('[Attack] accuracy %g' % accuracy)
        accuracy = numpy.sum(self.accuracy[:self.args.max_samples]) / float(self.args.max_samples)
        log('[Attack] accuracy on %d samples %g' % (self.args.max_samples, accuracy))
    def loss(self, batch_classes, output_classes):
        """
        Loss.

        :param batch_classes: predicted classes
        :type batch_classes: torch.autograd.Variable
        :param output_classes: target classes
        :type output_classes: torch.autograd.Variable
        :return: error
        :rtype: torch.autograd.Variable
        """

        return torch.nn.functional.cross_entropy(output_classes, batch_classes, size_average=True) \
            + self.args.logit_decay*torch.max(torch.sum(torch.abs(output_classes), dim=1))
    def reconstruction_loss(self, batch_images, output_images):
        """
        Reconstruction loss.

        :param batch_images: original images
        :type batch_images: torch.autograd.Variable
        :param output_images: output images
        :type output_images: torch.autograd.Variable
        :return: error
        :rtype: torch.autograd.Variable
        """

        if self.args.absolute_error:
            return torch.sum(torch.abs(batch_images - output_images))
        else:
            return torch.sum(torch.mul(batch_images - output_images, batch_images - output_images))
    def error(self, batch_classes, output_classes):
        """
        Accuracy.

        :param batch_classes: predicted classes
        :type batch_classes: torch.autograd.Variable
        :param output_classes: target classes
        :type output_classes: torch.autograd.Variable
        :return: accuracy
        :rtype: torch.autograd.Variable
        """

        values, indices = torch.max(torch.nn.functional.softmax(output_classes,
                                                                dim=1),
                                    dim=1)
        errors = torch.abs(indices - batch_classes)
        return torch.sum(errors > 0).float() / batch_classes.size()[0]
示例#5
0
    def test(self):
        """
        Test classifier to identify valid samples to attack.
        """

        num_batches = int(
            math.ceil(self.test_theta.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))

        for b in range(num_batches):
            b_start = b * self.args.batch_size
            b_end = min((b + 1) * self.args.batch_size,
                        self.test_theta.shape[0])

            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(
                self.test_codes[b_start:b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_inputs = common.torch.as_variable(
                self.test_theta[b_start:b_end], self.args.use_gpu)

            if isinstance(self.model.decoder, models.SelectiveDecoder):
                self.model.decoder.set_code(batch_classes)

            output_classes = self.model(batch_inputs)
            values, indices = torch.max(torch.nn.functional.softmax(
                output_classes, dim=1),
                                        dim=1)
            errors = torch.abs(indices - batch_classes)

            self.accuracy = common.numpy.concatenate(self.accuracy,
                                                     errors.data.cpu().numpy())

            if b % 100 == 0:
                log('[Attack] computing accuracy %d' % b)

        self.accuracy = self.accuracy == 0
        utils.write_hdf5(self.args.accuracy_file, self.accuracy)
        log('[Attack] wrote %s' % self.args.accuracy_file)

        accuracy = numpy.sum(self.accuracy) / float(self.accuracy.shape[0])
        log('[Attack] accuracy %g' % accuracy)
        accuracy = numpy.sum(self.accuracy[:self.args.max_samples]) / float(
            self.args.max_samples)
        log('[Attack] accuracy on %d samples %g' %
            (self.args.max_samples, accuracy))
    def test(self):
        """
        Test classifier to identify valid samples to attack.
        """

        num_batches = int(math.ceil(self.test_theta.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))

        for b in range(num_batches):
            b_start = b * self.args.batch_size
            b_end = min((b + 1) * self.args.batch_size, self.test_theta.shape[0])
            batch_fonts = self.test_fonts[b_start: b_end]
            batch_classes = self.test_classes[b_start: b_end]
            batch_code = numpy.concatenate((common.numpy.one_hot(batch_fonts, self.N_font), common.numpy.one_hot(batch_classes, self.N_class)), axis=1).astype(numpy.float32)

            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(batch_classes, self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_inputs = common.torch.as_variable(self.test_theta[b_start: b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_code = common.torch.as_variable(batch_code, self.args.use_gpu)

            # This basically allows to only optimize over theta, keeping the font/class code fixed.
            self.model.decoder.set_code(batch_code)

            output_classes = self.model(batch_inputs)
            values, indices = torch.max(torch.nn.functional.softmax(output_classes, dim=1), dim=1)
            errors = torch.abs(indices - batch_classes)

            self.accuracy = common.numpy.concatenate(self.accuracy, errors.data.cpu().numpy())

            if b % 100 == 0:
                log('[Attack] computing accuracy %d' % b)

        self.accuracy = self.accuracy == 0
        utils.write_hdf5(self.args.accuracy_file, self.accuracy)
        log('[Attack] wrote %s' % self.args.accuracy_file)

        accuracy = numpy.sum(self.accuracy) / float(self.accuracy.shape[0])
        log('[Attack] accuracy %g' % accuracy)
        accuracy = numpy.sum(self.accuracy[:self.args.max_samples]) / float(self.args.max_samples)
        log('[Attack] accuracy on %d samples %g' % (self.args.max_samples, accuracy))
示例#7
0
    def train(self):
        """
        Train with fair data augmentation.
        """

        self.model.train()
        assert self.model.training is True

        split = self.args.batch_size // 2
        num_batches = int(
            math.ceil(self.train_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))
        permutation = numpy.random.permutation(self.train_images.shape[0])

        for b in range(num_batches):
            self.scheduler.update(self.epoch, float(b) / num_batches)

            perm = numpy.take(permutation,
                              range(b * self.args.batch_size,
                                    (b + 1) * self.args.batch_size),
                              mode='wrap')
            batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_images[perm],
                                                    self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_codes[perm],
                                                     self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            loss = error = gradient = 0

            if self.args.full_variant:
                for t in range(self.args.max_iterations):
                    if self.args.strong_variant:
                        min_bound = numpy.repeat(self.min_bound.reshape(1, -1),
                                                 self.args.batch_size,
                                                 axis=0)
                        max_bound = numpy.repeat(self.max_bound.reshape(1, -1),
                                                 self.args.batch_size,
                                                 axis=0)
                        random = numpy.random.uniform(
                            min_bound, max_bound,
                            (self.args.batch_size, self.args.N_theta))
                        batch_perturbed_theta = common.torch.as_variable(
                            random.astype(numpy.float32), self.args.use_gpu)

                        self.decoder.set_image(batch_images)
                        batch_perturbed_images = self.decoder(
                            batch_perturbed_theta)
                    else:
                        random = common.numpy.uniform_ball(
                            self.args.batch_size,
                            self.args.N_theta,
                            epsilon=self.args.epsilon,
                            ord=self.norm)
                        batch_perturbed_theta = common.torch.as_variable(
                            random.astype(numpy.float32), self.args.use_gpu)
                        batch_perturbed_theta = torch.min(
                            common.torch.as_variable(self.max_bound,
                                                     self.args.use_gpu),
                            batch_perturbed_theta)
                        batch_perturbed_theta = torch.max(
                            common.torch.as_variable(self.min_bound,
                                                     self.args.use_gpu),
                            batch_perturbed_theta)

                        self.decoder.set_image(batch_images)
                        batch_perturbed_images = self.decoder(
                            batch_perturbed_theta)

                    output_classes = self.model(batch_perturbed_images)

                    self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                    l = self.loss(batch_classes, output_classes)
                    l.backward()
                    self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                    loss += l.item()

                    g = torch.mean(
                        torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                    gradient += g.item()

                    e = self.error(batch_classes, output_classes)
                    error += e.item()

                batch_perturbations = batch_perturbed_images - batch_images
                gradient /= self.args.max_iterations
                loss /= self.args.max_iterations
                error /= self.args.max_iterations
                perturbation_loss = loss
                perturbation_error = error
            else:
                output_classes = self.model(batch_images[:split])

                self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                l = self.loss(batch_classes[:split], output_classes)
                l.backward()
                self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                loss = l.item()

                gradient = torch.mean(
                    torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                gradient = gradient.item()

                e = self.error(batch_classes[:split], output_classes)
                error = e.item()

                perturbation_loss = perturbation_error = 0
                for t in range(self.args.max_iterations):
                    if self.args.strong_variant:
                        min_bound = numpy.repeat(self.min_bound.reshape(1, -1),
                                                 split,
                                                 axis=0)
                        max_bound = numpy.repeat(self.max_bound.reshape(1, -1),
                                                 split,
                                                 axis=0)
                        random = numpy.random.uniform(
                            min_bound, max_bound, (split, self.args.N_theta))

                        batch_perturbed_theta = common.torch.as_variable(
                            random.astype(numpy.float32), self.args.use_gpu)

                        self.decoder.set_image(batch_images[split:])
                        batch_perturbed_images = self.decoder(
                            batch_perturbed_theta)
                    else:
                        random = common.numpy.uniform_ball(
                            split,
                            self.args.N_theta,
                            epsilon=self.args.epsilon,
                            ord=self.norm)
                        batch_perturbed_theta = common.torch.as_variable(
                            random.astype(numpy.float32), self.args.use_gpu)
                        batch_perturbed_theta = torch.min(
                            common.torch.as_variable(self.max_bound,
                                                     self.args.use_gpu),
                            batch_perturbed_theta)
                        batch_perturbed_theta = torch.max(
                            common.torch.as_variable(self.min_bound,
                                                     self.args.use_gpu),
                            batch_perturbed_theta)

                        self.decoder.set_image(batch_images[split:])
                        batch_perturbed_images = self.decoder(
                            batch_perturbed_theta)

                    output_classes = self.model(batch_perturbed_images)

                    self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                    l = self.loss(batch_classes[split:], output_classes)
                    l.backward()
                    self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                    perturbation_loss += l.item()

                    g = torch.mean(
                        torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                    gradient += g.item()

                    e = self.error(batch_classes[split:], output_classes)
                    perturbation_error += e.item()

                batch_perturbations = batch_perturbed_images - batch_images[
                    split:]
                gradient /= self.args.max_iterations + 1
                perturbation_loss /= self.args.max_iterations
                perturbation_error /= self.args.max_iterations

            iteration = self.epoch * num_batches + b + 1
            self.train_statistics = numpy.vstack((
                self.train_statistics,
                numpy.array([[
                    iteration,  # iterations
                    iteration * (1 + self.args.max_iterations) *
                    self.args.batch_size,  # samples seen
                    min(num_batches, iteration) * self.args.batch_size +
                    iteration * self.args.max_iterations *
                    self.args.batch_size,  # unique samples seen
                    loss,
                    error,
                    perturbation_loss,
                    perturbation_error,
                    gradient
                ]])))

            if b % self.args.skip == self.args.skip // 2:
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g (%g) %g (%g) [%g]' % (
                    self.epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 3]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 4]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 5]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 6]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, -1]),
                ))

        self.debug('clean.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbed.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbed_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbation.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbations.permute(0, 2, 3, 1),
                   cmap='seismic')
    def train(self):
        """
        Train for one epoch.
        """

        self.model.train()
        log('[Training] %d set classifier to train' % self.epoch)
        assert self.model.training is True

        num_batches = int(
            math.ceil(self.train_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))
        permutation = numpy.random.permutation(self.train_images.shape[0])

        for b in range(num_batches):
            self.scheduler.update(self.epoch, float(b) / num_batches)

            perm = numpy.take(permutation,
                              range(b * self.args.batch_size,
                                    (b + 1) * self.args.batch_size),
                              mode='wrap')
            assert perm.shape[0] == self.args.batch_size

            batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_images[perm],
                                                    self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_true_classes = common.torch.as_variable(
                self.train_codes[perm], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_training_classes = common.torch.as_variable(
                self.train_codes[perm], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            output_classes = self.model(batch_images)

            self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
            loss = self.loss(batch_training_classes, output_classes)
            loss.backward()
            self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
            loss = loss.item()

            gradient = torch.mean(
                torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
            gradient = gradient.item()

            error = self.error(batch_true_classes, output_classes)
            error = error.item()

            iteration = self.epoch * num_batches + b + 1
            self.train_statistics = numpy.vstack(
                (self.train_statistics,
                 numpy.array([
                     iteration, iteration * self.args.batch_size,
                     min(num_batches, iteration) * self.args.batch_size, loss,
                     error, gradient
                 ])))

            if b % self.args.skip == self.args.skip // 2:
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g (%g) [%g]' % (
                    self.epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 3]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 4]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, -1]),
                ))

        # Only debug last iterations for efficiency!
        self.debug('clean.png', batch_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
    def test(self):
        """
        Test classifier to identify valid samples to attack.
        """

        self.model.eval()
        assert self.model.training is False
        assert self.perturbation_codes.shape[0] == self.perturbations.shape[0]
        assert self.test_codes.shape[0] == self.test_images.shape[0]
        assert len(self.perturbations.shape) == 4
        assert len(self.test_images.shape) == 4

        perturbations_accuracy = None
        num_batches = int(math.ceil(self.perturbations.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))

        for b in range(num_batches):
            b_start = b * self.args.batch_size
            b_end = min((b + 1) * self.args.batch_size, self.perturbations.shape[0])
            batch_perturbations = common.torch.as_variable(self.perturbations[b_start: b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(self.perturbation_codes[b_start: b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_perturbations = batch_perturbations.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            output_classes = self.model(batch_perturbations)
            values, indices = torch.max(torch.nn.functional.softmax(output_classes, dim=1), dim=1)
            errors = torch.abs(indices - batch_classes)
            perturbations_accuracy = common.numpy.concatenate(perturbations_accuracy, errors.data.cpu().numpy())

            for n in range(batch_perturbations.size(0)):
                log('[Testing] %d: original success=%d, transfer accuracy=%d' % (n, self.original_success[b_start + n], errors[n].item()))

        self.transfer_success[perturbations_accuracy == 0] = -1
        self.transfer_success = self.transfer_success.reshape((self.N_samples, self.N_attempts))
        self.transfer_success = numpy.swapaxes(self.transfer_success, 0, 1)

        utils.makedir(os.path.dirname(self.args.transfer_success_file))
        utils.write_hdf5(self.args.transfer_success_file, self.transfer_success)
        log('[Testing] wrote %s' % self.args.transfer_success_file)

        num_batches = int(math.ceil(self.test_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))
        for b in range(num_batches):
            b_start = b * self.args.batch_size
            b_end = min((b + 1) * self.args.batch_size, self.test_images.shape[0])
            batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(self.test_images[b_start: b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(self.test_codes[b_start: b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            output_classes = self.model(batch_images)
            values, indices = torch.max(torch.nn.functional.softmax(output_classes, dim=1), dim=1)
            errors = torch.abs(indices - batch_classes)

            self.transfer_accuracy = common.numpy.concatenate(self.transfer_accuracy, errors.data.cpu().numpy())

            if b % 100 == 0:
                log('[Testing] computing accuracy %d' % b)

        self.transfer_accuracy = self.transfer_accuracy == 0
        log('[Testing] original accuracy=%g' % (numpy.sum(self.original_accuracy)/float(self.original_accuracy.shape[0])))
        log('[Testing] transfer accuracy=%g' % (numpy.sum(self.transfer_accuracy)/float(self.transfer_accuracy.shape[0])))
        log('[Testing] accuracy difference=%g' % (numpy.sum(self.transfer_accuracy != self.original_accuracy)/float(self.transfer_accuracy.shape[0])))
        log('[Testing] accuracy difference on %d samples=%g' % (self.N_samples, numpy.sum(self.transfer_accuracy[:self.N_samples] != self.original_accuracy[:self.N_samples])/float(self.N_samples)))
        self.transfer_accuracy = numpy.logical_and(self.transfer_accuracy, self.original_accuracy)

        utils.makedir(os.path.dirname(self.args.transfer_accuracy_file))
        utils.write_hdf5(self.args.transfer_accuracy_file, self.transfer_accuracy)
        log('[Testing] wrote %s' % self.args.transfer_accuracy_file)
    def train(self, epoch):
        """
        Train for one epoch.

        :param epoch: current epoch
        :type epoch: int
        """

        self.encoder.train()
        log('[Training] %d set encoder to train' % epoch)
        self.decoder.train()
        log('[Training] %d set decoder to train' % epoch)
        self.classifier.train()
        log('[Training] %d set classifier to train' % epoch)

        num_batches = int(
            math.ceil(self.train_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))
        assert self.encoder.training is True

        permutation = numpy.random.permutation(self.train_images.shape[0])
        permutation = numpy.concatenate(
            (permutation, permutation[:self.args.batch_size]), axis=0)

        for b in range(num_batches):
            self.encoder_scheduler.update(epoch, float(b) / num_batches)
            self.decoder_scheduler.update(epoch, float(b) / num_batches)
            self.classifier_scheduler.update(epoch, float(b) / num_batches)

            perm = permutation[b * self.args.batch_size:(b + 1) *
                               self.args.batch_size]
            batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_images[perm],
                                                    self.args.use_gpu, True)
            batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            output_mu, output_logvar = self.encoder(batch_images)
            output_codes = self.reparameterize(output_mu, output_logvar)
            output_images = self.decoder(output_codes)

            output_real_classes = self.classifier(batch_images)
            output_reconstructed_classes = self.classifier(output_images)

            latent_loss = self.latent_loss(output_mu, output_logvar)
            reconstruction_loss = self.reconstruction_loss(
                batch_images, output_images)
            decoder_loss = self.decoder_loss(output_reconstructed_classes)
            discriminator_loss = self.discriminator_loss(
                output_real_classes, output_reconstructed_classes)

            self.encoder_scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
            loss = latent_loss + self.args.beta * reconstruction_loss + self.args.gamma * decoder_loss + self.args.eta * torch.sum(
                torch.abs(output_logvar))
            loss.backward(retain_graph=True)
            self.encoder_scheduler.optimizer.step()

            self.decoder_scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
            loss = self.args.beta * reconstruction_loss + self.args.gamma * decoder_loss
            loss.backward(retain_graph=True)
            self.decoder_scheduler.optimizer.step()

            self.classifier_scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
            loss = self.args.gamma * discriminator_loss
            loss.backward()
            self.classifier_scheduler.optimizer.step()

            reconstruction_error = self.reconstruction_error(
                batch_images, output_images)
            iteration = epoch * num_batches + b + 1
            self.train_statistics = numpy.vstack(
                (self.train_statistics,
                 numpy.array([
                     iteration, iteration * self.args.batch_size,
                     min(num_batches, iteration),
                     min(num_batches, iteration) * self.args.batch_size,
                     reconstruction_loss.data, reconstruction_error.data,
                     latent_loss.data,
                     torch.mean(output_mu).item(),
                     torch.var(output_mu).item(),
                     torch.mean(output_logvar).item(),
                     decoder_loss.item(),
                     discriminator_loss.item(),
                     torch.mean(
                         torch.abs(list(
                             self.encoder.parameters())[0].grad)).item(),
                     torch.mean(
                         torch.abs(list(
                             self.decoder.parameters())[0].grad)).item(),
                     torch.mean(
                         torch.abs(list(
                             self.classifier.parameters())[0].grad)).item()
                 ])))

            skip = 10
            if b % skip == skip // 2:
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g (%g) %g (%g, %g, %g)' % (
                    epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 4]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 5]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 6]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 7]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 8]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 9]),
                ))
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g %g (%g, %g, %g)' % (
                    epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 10]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 11]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 12]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 13]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[max(0, iteration -
                                                         skip):iteration, 14]),
                ))
示例#11
0
    def train(self):
        """
        Train adversarially.
        """

        num_batches = int(
            math.ceil(self.train_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))
        permutation = numpy.random.permutation(self.train_images.shape[0])
        perturbation_permutation = numpy.random.permutation(
            self.train_images.shape[0])
        if self.args.safe:
            perturbation_permutation = perturbation_permutation[
                self.train_valid == 1]
        else:
            perturbation_permuation = permutation

        for b in range(num_batches):
            self.scheduler.update(self.epoch, float(b) / num_batches)

            self.model.eval()
            assert self.model.training is False
            objective = self.objective_class()
            split = self.args.batch_size // 2

            if self.args.full_variant:
                perm = numpy.concatenate(
                    (numpy.take(permutation,
                                range(b * self.args.batch_size,
                                      b * self.args.batch_size + split),
                                mode='wrap'),
                     numpy.take(perturbation_permutation,
                                range(b * self.args.batch_size + split,
                                      (b + 1) * self.args.batch_size),
                                mode='wrap')),
                    axis=0)
                batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(
                    self.train_images[perm], self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(
                    self.train_codes[perm], self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_theta = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_theta[perm],
                                                       self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

                attack = self.setup_attack(self.model, batch_images[:split],
                                           batch_classes[:split])
                success, perturbations, _, _, _ = attack.run(
                    objective, self.args.verbose)
                batch_perturbations1 = common.torch.as_variable(
                    perturbations.astype(numpy.float32), self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_perturbed_images1 = batch_images[:split] + batch_perturbations1

                if isinstance(self.decoder, models.SelectiveDecoder):
                    self.decoder.set_code(batch_classes[split:])
                attack = self.setup_decoder_attack(self.decoder_classifier,
                                                   batch_theta[split:],
                                                   batch_classes[split:])
                attack.set_bound(torch.from_numpy(self.min_bound),
                                 torch.from_numpy(self.max_bound))
                decoder_success, decoder_perturbations, probabilities, norm, _ = attack.run(
                    objective, self.args.verbose)

                batch_perturbed_theta = batch_theta[
                    split:] + common.torch.as_variable(decoder_perturbations,
                                                       self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_perturbed_images2 = self.decoder(batch_perturbed_theta)
                batch_perturbations2 = batch_perturbed_images2 - batch_images[
                    split:]

                batch_input_images = torch.cat(
                    (batch_perturbed_images1, batch_perturbed_images2), dim=0)

                self.model.train()
                assert self.model.training is True

                output_classes = self.model(batch_input_images)

                self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                perturbation_loss = self.loss(batch_classes[:split],
                                              output_classes[:split])
                decoder_perturbation_loss = self.loss(batch_classes[split:],
                                                      output_classes[split:])
                loss = (perturbation_loss + decoder_perturbation_loss) / 2
                loss.backward()
                self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                loss = loss.item()
                perturbation_loss = perturbation_loss.item()
                decoder_perturbation_loss = decoder_perturbation_loss.item()

                gradient = torch.mean(
                    torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                gradient = gradient.item()

                perturbation_error = self.error(batch_classes[:split],
                                                output_classes[:split])
                perturbation_error = perturbation_error.item()

                decoder_perturbation_error = self.error(
                    batch_classes[split:], output_classes[split:])
                decoder_perturbation_error = decoder_perturbation_error.item()

                error = (perturbation_error + decoder_perturbation_error) / 2
            else:
                perm = numpy.concatenate((
                    numpy.take(
                        perturbation_permutation,
                        range(b * self.args.batch_size + split + split // 2,
                              (b + 1) * self.args.batch_size),
                        mode='wrap'),
                    numpy.take(
                        permutation,
                        range(b * self.args.batch_size,
                              b * self.args.batch_size + split + split // 2),
                        mode='wrap'),
                ),
                                         axis=0)
                batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(
                    self.train_images[perm], self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(
                    self.train_codes[perm], self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_theta = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_theta[perm],
                                                       self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

                attack = self.setup_attack(self.model,
                                           batch_images[split // 2:split],
                                           batch_classes[split // 2:split])
                success, perturbations, _, _, _ = attack.run(
                    objective, self.args.verbose)
                batch_perturbations1 = common.torch.as_variable(
                    perturbations.astype(numpy.float32), self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_perturbed_images1 = batch_images[
                    split // 2:split] + batch_perturbations1

                if isinstance(self.decoder, models.SelectiveDecoder):
                    self.decoder.set_code(batch_classes[:split // 2])
                attack = self.setup_decoder_attack(self.decoder_classifier,
                                                   batch_theta[:split // 2],
                                                   batch_classes[:split // 2])
                attack.set_bound(torch.from_numpy(self.min_bound),
                                 torch.from_numpy(self.max_bound))
                decoder_success, decoder_perturbations, probabilities, norm, _ = attack.run(
                    objective, self.args.verbose)

                batch_perturbed_theta = batch_theta[:split //
                                                    2] + common.torch.as_variable(
                                                        decoder_perturbations,
                                                        self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_perturbed_images2 = self.decoder(batch_perturbed_theta)
                batch_perturbations2 = batch_perturbed_images2 - batch_images[:split
                                                                              //
                                                                              2]

                batch_input_images = torch.cat(
                    (batch_perturbed_images2, batch_perturbed_images1,
                     batch_images[split:]),
                    dim=0)

                self.model.train()
                assert self.model.training is True

                output_classes = self.model(batch_input_images)

                self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                loss = self.loss(batch_classes[split:], output_classes[split:])
                perturbation_loss = self.loss(batch_classes[split // 2:split],
                                              output_classes[split // 2:split])
                decoder_perturbation_loss = self.loss(
                    batch_classes[:split // 2], output_classes[:split // 2])
                l = (loss + perturbation_loss + decoder_perturbation_loss) / 3
                l.backward()
                self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                loss = loss.item()
                perturbation_loss = perturbation_loss.item()
                decoder_perturbation_loss = decoder_perturbation_loss.item()

                gradient = torch.mean(
                    torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                gradient = gradient.item()

                error = self.error(batch_classes[split:],
                                   output_classes[split:])
                error = error.item()

                perturbation_error = self.error(
                    batch_classes[split // 2:split],
                    output_classes[split // 2:split])
                perturbation_error = perturbation_error.item()

                decoder_perturbation_error = self.error(
                    batch_classes[:split // 2], output_classes[:split // 2])
                decoder_perturbation_error = decoder_perturbation_error.item()

            iterations = numpy.mean(
                success[success >= 0]) if numpy.sum(success >= 0) > 0 else -1
            norm = numpy.mean(
                numpy.linalg.norm(perturbations.reshape(
                    perturbations.shape[0], -1),
                                  axis=1,
                                  ord=self.norm))
            success = numpy.sum(success >= 0) / self.args.batch_size

            decoder_iterations = numpy.mean(
                decoder_success[decoder_success >= 0]) if numpy.sum(
                    decoder_success >= 0) > 0 else -1
            decoder_norm = numpy.mean(
                numpy.linalg.norm(decoder_perturbations, axis=1,
                                  ord=self.norm))
            decoder_success = numpy.sum(
                decoder_success >= 0) / self.args.batch_size

            iteration = self.epoch * num_batches + b + 1
            self.train_statistics = numpy.vstack((
                self.train_statistics,
                numpy.array([[
                    iteration,  # iterations
                    iteration * (1 + self.args.max_iterations) *
                    self.args.batch_size,  # samples seen
                    min(num_batches, iteration) * self.args.batch_size +
                    iteration * self.args.max_iterations *
                    self.args.batch_size,  # unique samples seen
                    loss,
                    error,
                    perturbation_loss,
                    perturbation_error,
                    decoder_perturbation_loss,
                    decoder_perturbation_error,
                    success,
                    iterations,
                    norm,
                    decoder_success,
                    decoder_iterations,
                    decoder_norm,
                    gradient
                ]])))

            if b % self.args.skip == self.args.skip // 2:
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g (%g) %g (%g) %g (%g) [%g]' % (
                    self.epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 3]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 4]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 5]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 6]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 7]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 8]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, -1]),
                ))
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g (%g, %g) %g (%g, %g)' % (
                    self.epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 9]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 10]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 11]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 12]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 13]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 14]),
                ))

        self.debug('clean.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbed.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbed_images1.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbed2.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbed_images2.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbation.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbations1.permute(0, 2, 3, 1),
                   cmap='seismic')
        self.debug('perturbation2.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbations2.permute(0, 2, 3, 1),
                   cmap='seismic')
示例#12
0
    def train(self):
        """
        Train with fair data augmentation.
        """

        self.model.train()
        log('[Training] %d set classifier to train' % self.epoch)
        assert self.model.training is True

        split = self.args.batch_size // 2
        num_batches = int(
            math.ceil(self.train_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))
        permutation = numpy.random.permutation(self.train_images.shape[0])

        for b in range(num_batches):
            self.scheduler.update(self.epoch, float(b) / num_batches)

            perm = numpy.take(permutation,
                              range(b * self.args.batch_size,
                                    (b + 1) * self.args.batch_size),
                              mode='wrap')
            batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_images[perm],
                                                    self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_codes[perm],
                                                     self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            if self.args.full_variant:
                loss = error = gradient = 0
                for t in range(self.args.max_iterations):
                    size = batch_images.size()
                    batch_perturbations = common.numpy.uniform_ball(
                        size[0],
                        numpy.prod(size[1:]),
                        epsilon=self.args.epsilon,
                        ord=self.norm)
                    batch_perturbations = common.torch.as_variable(
                        batch_perturbations.reshape(size).astype(
                            numpy.float32), self.args.use_gpu)
                    batch_perturbations = torch.min(
                        torch.ones_like(batch_images) - batch_images,
                        batch_perturbations)
                    batch_perturbations = torch.max(
                        torch.zeros_like(batch_images) - batch_images,
                        batch_perturbations)

                    batch_perturbed_images = batch_images + batch_perturbations
                    output_perturbed_classes = self.model(
                        batch_perturbed_images)

                    self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                    l = self.loss(batch_classes, output_perturbed_classes)
                    l.backward()
                    self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                    loss += l.item()

                    g = torch.mean(
                        torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                    gradient += g.item()

                    e = self.error(batch_classes, output_perturbed_classes)
                    error += e.item()

                gradient /= self.args.max_iterations
                loss /= self.args.max_iterations
                error /= self.args.max_iterations
                perturbation_loss = loss
                perturbation_error = error

            elif self.args.strong_variant:
                raise NotImplementedError('strong_variant not implemented yet')
            else:
                output_classes = self.model(batch_images[:split])

                self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                l = self.loss(batch_classes[:split], output_classes)
                l.backward()
                self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                loss = l.item()

                gradient = torch.mean(
                    torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                gradient = gradient.item()

                e = self.error(batch_classes[:split], output_classes)
                error = e.item()

                perturbation_loss = perturbation_error = 0
                for t in range(self.args.max_iterations):
                    size = batch_images.size()
                    batch_perturbations = common.numpy.uniform_ball(
                        split,
                        numpy.prod(size[1:]),
                        epsilon=self.args.epsilon,
                        ord=self.norm)
                    batch_perturbations = common.torch.as_variable(
                        batch_perturbations.reshape(
                            split, size[1], size[2],
                            size[3]).astype(numpy.float32), self.args.use_gpu)
                    batch_perturbations = torch.min(
                        torch.ones_like(batch_images[split:]) -
                        batch_images[split:], batch_perturbations)
                    batch_perturbations = torch.max(
                        torch.zeros_like(batch_images[split:]) -
                        batch_images[split:], batch_perturbations)

                    batch_perturbed_images = batch_images[
                        split:] + batch_perturbations
                    output_perturbed_classes = self.model(
                        batch_perturbed_images)

                    self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                    l = self.loss(batch_classes[split:],
                                  output_perturbed_classes)
                    l.backward()
                    self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                    perturbation_loss += l.item()

                    g = torch.mean(
                        torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                    gradient += g.item()

                    e = self.error(batch_classes[split:],
                                   output_perturbed_classes)
                    perturbation_error += e.item()

                gradient /= self.args.max_iterations
                perturbation_loss /= self.args.max_iterations
                perturbation_error /= self.args.max_iterations

            iteration = self.epoch * num_batches + b + 1
            self.train_statistics = numpy.vstack((
                self.train_statistics,
                numpy.array([[
                    iteration,  # iterations
                    iteration * (1 + self.args.max_iterations) *
                    self.args.batch_size,  # samples seen
                    min(num_batches, iteration) * self.args.batch_size +
                    iteration * self.args.max_iterations *
                    self.args.batch_size,  # unique samples seen
                    loss,  # clean loss
                    error,  # clean error (1-accuracy)
                    perturbation_loss,  # perturbation loss
                    perturbation_error,  # perturbation error (1-accuracy)
                    gradient
                ]])))

            if b % self.args.skip == self.args.skip // 2:
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g (%g) %g (%g) [%g]' % (
                    self.epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 3]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 4]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 5]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 6]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, -1]),
                ))

        self.debug('clean.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbed.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbed_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbation.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbations.permute(0, 2, 3, 1),
                   cmap='seismic')
    def train(self):
        """
        Train adversarially.
        """

        split = self.args.batch_size // 2
        num_batches = int(
            math.ceil(self.train_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))
        permutation = numpy.random.permutation(self.train_images.shape[0])

        for b in range(num_batches):
            self.scheduler.update(self.epoch, float(b) / num_batches)

            perm = numpy.take(permutation,
                              range(b * self.args.batch_size,
                                    (b + 1) * self.args.batch_size),
                              mode='wrap')
            batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_images[perm],
                                                    self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_theta = common.torch.as_variable(self.train_theta[perm],
                                                   self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            batch_fonts = self.train_codes[perm, 1]
            batch_classes = self.train_codes[perm, self.args.label_index]
            batch_code = numpy.concatenate(
                (common.numpy.one_hot(batch_fonts, self.N_font),
                 common.numpy.one_hot(batch_classes, self.N_class)),
                axis=1).astype(numpy.float32)
            batch_code = common.torch.as_variable(batch_code,
                                                  self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(batch_classes,
                                                     self.args.use_gpu)

            self.model.eval()
            assert self.model.training is False

            if self.args.full_variant:
                objective = self.objective_class()
                self.decoder.set_code(batch_code)
                attack = self.setup_attack(self.decoder_classifier,
                                           batch_theta, batch_classes)
                attack.set_bound(torch.from_numpy(self.min_bound),
                                 torch.from_numpy(self.max_bound))
                success, perturbations, probabilities, norm, _ = attack.run(
                    objective, self.args.verbose)

                batch_perturbed_theta = batch_theta + common.torch.as_variable(
                    perturbations, self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_perturbed_images = self.decoder(batch_perturbed_theta)
                batch_perturbations = batch_perturbed_images - batch_images

                self.model.train()
                assert self.model.training is True

                output_classes = self.model(batch_perturbed_images)

                self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                loss = self.loss(batch_classes, output_classes)
                loss.backward()
                self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                loss = perturbation_loss = loss.item()

                gradient = torch.mean(
                    torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                gradient = gradient.item()

                error = self.error(batch_classes, output_classes)
                error = perturbation_error = error.item()
            else:
                objective = self.objective_class()
                self.decoder.set_code(batch_code[split:])
                attack = self.setup_attack(self.decoder_classifier,
                                           batch_theta[split:],
                                           batch_classes[split:])
                attack.set_bound(torch.from_numpy(self.min_bound),
                                 torch.from_numpy(self.max_bound))
                success, perturbations, probabilities, norm, _ = attack.run(
                    objective, self.args.verbose)

                batch_perturbed_theta = batch_theta[
                    split:] + common.torch.as_variable(perturbations,
                                                       self.args.use_gpu)
                batch_perturbed_images = self.decoder(batch_perturbed_theta)
                batch_perturbations = batch_perturbed_images - batch_images[
                    split:]

                self.model.train()
                assert self.model.training is True

                batch_input_images = torch.cat(
                    (batch_images[:split], batch_perturbed_images), dim=0)
                output_classes = self.model(batch_input_images)

                self.scheduler.optimizer.zero_grad()
                loss = self.loss(batch_classes[:split], output_classes[:split])
                perturbation_loss = self.loss(batch_classes[split:],
                                              output_classes[split:])
                l = (loss + perturbation_loss) / 2
                l.backward()
                self.scheduler.optimizer.step()
                loss = loss.item()
                perturbation_loss = perturbation_loss.item()

                gradient = torch.mean(
                    torch.abs(list(self.model.parameters())[0].grad))
                gradient = gradient.item()

                error = self.error(batch_classes[:split],
                                   output_classes[:split])
                error = error.item()

                perturbation_error = self.error(batch_classes[split:],
                                                output_classes[split:])
                perturbation_error = perturbation_error.item()

            iterations = numpy.mean(
                success[success >= 0]) if numpy.sum(success >= 0) > 0 else -1
            norm = numpy.mean(
                numpy.linalg.norm(perturbations.reshape(
                    perturbations.shape[0], -1),
                                  axis=1,
                                  ord=self.norm))
            success = numpy.sum(success >= 0) / (self.args.batch_size // 2)

            iteration = self.epoch * num_batches + b + 1
            self.train_statistics = numpy.vstack((
                self.train_statistics,
                numpy.array([[
                    iteration,  # iterations
                    iteration * (1 + self.args.max_iterations) *
                    self.args.batch_size,  # samples seen
                    min(num_batches, iteration) * self.args.batch_size +
                    iteration * self.args.max_iterations *
                    self.args.batch_size,  # unique samples seen
                    loss,
                    error,
                    perturbation_loss,
                    perturbation_error,
                    success,
                    iterations,
                    norm,
                    gradient
                ]])))

            if b % self.args.skip == self.args.skip // 2:
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g (%g) %g (%g) [%g]' % (
                    self.epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 3]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 4]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 5]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 6]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, -1]),
                ))
                log('[Training] %d | %d: %g (%g, %g)' % (
                    self.epoch,
                    b,
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 7]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 8]),
                    numpy.mean(self.train_statistics[
                        max(0, iteration - self.args.skip):iteration, 9]),
                ))

        self.debug('clean.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbed.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbed_images.permute(0, 2, 3, 1))
        self.debug('perturbation.%d.png' % self.epoch,
                   batch_perturbations.permute(0, 2, 3, 1),
                   cmap='seismic')
示例#14
0
    def test(self):
        """
        Test the model.
        """

        assert self.model is not None
        assert self.model.training is False
        assert self.test_images.shape[0] == self.test_codes.shape[
            0], 'number of samples have to match'

        self.loss = 0.
        self.error = 0.
        num_batches = int(
            math.ceil(self.test_images.shape[0] / self.args.batch_size))

        for b in range(num_batches):
            b_start = b * self.args.batch_size
            b_end = min((b + 1) * self.args.batch_size,
                        self.test_images.shape[0])
            batch_images = common.torch.as_variable(
                self.test_images[b_start:b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_classes = common.torch.as_variable(
                self.test_codes[b_start:b_end], self.args.use_gpu)
            batch_images = batch_images.permute(0, 3, 1, 2)

            output_classes = self.model(batch_images)
            e = torch.nn.functional.cross_entropy(output_classes,
                                                  batch_classes,
                                                  size_average=True)
            self.loss += e.item()

            values, indices = torch.max(torch.nn.functional.softmax(
                output_classes, dim=1),
                                        dim=1)
            errors = torch.abs(indices - batch_classes)
            e = torch.sum(errors > 0).float() / batch_classes.size()[0]
            self.error += e.item()

            self.accuracy = common.numpy.concatenate(self.accuracy,
                                                     errors.data.cpu().numpy())

        self.loss /= num_batches
        self.error /= num_batches
        log('[Testing] test loss %g; test error %g' % (self.loss, self.error))

        self.accuracy = self.accuracy == 0
        if self.args.accuracy_file:
            utils.write_hdf5(self.args.accuracy_file, self.accuracy)
            log('[Testing] wrote %s' % self.args.accuracy_file)

        accuracy = numpy.sum(self.accuracy) / self.accuracy.shape[0]
        if numpy.abs(1 - accuracy - self.error) < 1e-4:
            log('[Testing] accuracy file is with %g accuracy correct' %
                accuracy)

        self.results = {
            'loss': self.loss,
            'error': self.error,
        }
        if self.args.results_file:
            utils.write_pickle(self.args.results_file, self.results)
            log('[Testing] wrote %s' % self.args.results_file)