def testSimpleStorageWithStorageEfficiency(self):
"""Free Storage should backup Solar."""
solar = GridSource(SOLAR, 2.0e6, 0)
wind = GridSource(WIND, 5.0e6, 0)
ng = GridSource(NG, 1.0e10, 0)
se = math.pow(0.5, 1.0 / 3)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 0, storage_efficiency=se)
lp = self.lp
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(solar, wind)
lp.add_dispatchable_sources(ng)
lp.add_storage(storage)
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(solar.get_solution_values(),
np.array([4.5, 0, 0, 2.25]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(4))
npt.assert_almost_equal(ng.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(4))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_solution_values(),
np.array([0, 1.5, 1.5 * se, 1.5 * se * se]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_source_solution_values(),
np.array([-1.5, 0, 0, 0.75]))
def testSimpleStorageWithSourceLimit(self):
"""Tests Solar, Wind, Storage. Solar limited so wind makes up the rest."""
solar = GridSource(SOLAR, 2.0e6, 0, max_energy=3)
wind = GridSource(WIND, 5.0e6, 0)
ng = GridSource(NG, 1.0e10, 0)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 0)
lp = self.lp
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(solar, wind)
lp.add_dispatchable_sources(ng)
lp.add_storage(storage)
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(solar.get_solution_values(),
np.array([2.0, 0, 0, 1.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.array([3.0, 0, 0, 0.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(ng.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(4))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_solution_values(),
np.array([0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_source_solution_values(),
np.array([-2.0, 0, 0, 2.0]))
def testSimpleStorageWithStorageLimit(self):
"""Free Storage should backup Solar."""
solar = GridSource(SOLAR, 2.0e6, 0)
wind = GridSource(WIND, 5.0e6, 0)
ng = GridSource(NG, 1.0e10, 0)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 0, max_storage=0.5)
lp = self.lp
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(solar, wind)
lp.add_dispatchable_sources(ng)
lp.add_storage(storage)
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(solar.get_solution_values(),
np.array([5.0, 0, 0, 2.5]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(4))
npt.assert_almost_equal(ng.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(4))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_solution_values(),
np.array([0, 0.5, 0.5, 0.5]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_source_solution_values(),
np.array([-0.5, 0, 0, 0.5]))
def testRandomSawToothRecStorage(self):
lp = self.lp
solar = self.solar
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(solar)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 0)
lp.add_storage(storage)
for storage_efficiency in np.linspace(0.1, 1.0, 4):
storage.storage_efficiency = storage_efficiency
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
# build up storage profile
demand_profile = self.demand_profile
golden_storage_profile = []
last_storage_value = 0.0
for d in reversed(demand_profile):
next_storage_value = (last_storage_value + d) / storage_efficiency
golden_storage_profile.append(next_storage_value)
last_storage_value = next_storage_value
golden_storage_profile.reverse()
# First generation comes from solar, so set golden_storage[0] = 0.
golden_storage_profile[0] = 0
golden_solar_profile = self.impulse * golden_storage_profile[1]
npt.assert_allclose(solar.get_solution_values(),
golden_solar_profile)
npt.assert_allclose(storage.get_solution_values(),
golden_storage_profile,
atol=1e-7)
def testRpsStorage(self):
"""Storage credits rps if timeslice exceeds demand."""
lp = self.lp
wind = GridSource(WIND, 2.0e6, 0, is_rps_source=True)
ng = GridSource(NG, 0, 1.0e6)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 1, 1, 1)
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(wind)
lp.add_dispatchable_sources(ng)
lp.add_storage(storage)
demand_at_0 = self.profiles[DEMAND][0]
demand_at_1 = self.profiles[DEMAND][1]
total = sum(self.profiles[DEMAND])
for rps in range(0, 120, 10):
lp.rps_percent = rps
rps_total = total * rps / 100.0
# Wind is only on for one time-slice.
wind_at_0 = rps_total
wind_nameplate = wind_at_0
golden_wind = wind_nameplate * self.profiles[WIND]
# Either we charge at 0, or ng fills remaining.
if wind_at_0 >= demand_at_0:
storage_at_0 = wind_at_0 - demand_at_0
ng_at_0 = 0
else:
storage_at_0 = 0
ng_at_0 = demand_at_0 - wind_at_0
# Discharge everything at 1.
storage_discharge_power = storage_at_0
ng_at_1 = demand_at_1 - storage_discharge_power
if lp.solve():
self.assertTrue(rps <= 100)
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
golden_wind)
npt.assert_almost_equal(ng.get_solution_values(),
np.array([ng_at_0, ng_at_1]))
# Storage at t=1 shows what charged at t=0.
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_solution_values(),
np.array([0.0, storage_at_0]))
else:
# Verify no convergence because we asked for a ridiculous rps number.
self.assertTrue(rps > 100)
def testStorageNameplateCost(self):
"""Keep increasing storage costs until ng finally wins out."""
wind = GridSource(WIND, 1.0e6, 0)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 0)
ng = GridSource(NG, 4.6e6, 0)
lp = self.lp
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(wind)
lp.add_dispatchable_sources(ng)
lp.add_storage(storage)
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.array([2.0, 0.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(ng.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(2))
# Change costs. Total wind + storage cost is now (2 + 1)E6.
# Still less than ng costs.
storage.charge_nameplate_cost = 1.0e6
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.array([2.0, 0.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(ng.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(2))
# Change Costs. Total wind + storage cost is now (2 + 1 + 1)E6.
# Still less than ng costs.
storage.storage_nameplate_cost = 1.0e6
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.array([2.0, 0.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(ng.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(2))
# Change costs. Total wind + storage cost is now
# (2 + 1 + 1 + 1)E6. Now more than ng costs.
storage.discharge_nameplate_cost = 1.0e6
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(2))
npt.assert_almost_equal(ng.get_solution_values(),
np.array([1.0, 1.0]))
def testCircularRecStorageFirstHourSource(self):
"""Verify that storage from first hour affects last hour."""
wind = GridSource(WIND, 2.0e6, 0)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 0)
lp = self.lp
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(wind)
lp.add_storage(storage)
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.array([2.0, 0.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_solution_values(),
np.array([0.0, 1.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_source_solution_values(),
np.array([-1.0, 1.0]))
def testCircularRecStorageLastHourSource(self):
"""Verify that storage from last hour affects first hour."""
solar = GridSource(SOLAR, 2.0e6, 0)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 0)
lp = self.lp
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(solar)
lp.add_storage(storage)
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(solar.get_solution_values(),
np.array([0.0, 2.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_solution_values(),
np.array([1.0, 0.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_source_solution_values(),
np.array([1.0, -1.0]))
def testFreeRecStorageMeansCheapestSource(self):
"""Verify that free storage selects the cheapest energy supply."""
solar = GridSource(SOLAR, 2.0e6, 0)
wind = GridSource(WIND, 2.2e6, 0)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 0)
lp = self.lp
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(solar, wind)
lp.add_storage(storage)
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
np.zeros(2))
npt.assert_almost_equal(solar.get_solution_values(),
np.array([0.0, 2.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_solution_values(),
np.array([1.0, 0.0]))
npt.assert_almost_equal(storage.get_source_solution_values(),
np.array([1.0, -1.0]))
def testCircularRecAccounting(self):
"""Verify that RECs get stored and accounted for properly."""
lp = self.lp
solar = GridSource(SOLAR, 2e6, 2e6, is_rps_source=True)
wind = GridSource(WIND, 1e6, 1e6)
storage = GridRecStorage(STORAGE, 1, 1, 1, discharge_efficiency=0.5)
lp.add_nondispatchable_sources(solar, wind)
lp.add_storage(storage)
for rps in np.arange(0, 110, 10):
lp.rps_percent = rps
self.assertTrue(lp.solve())
npt.assert_almost_equal(solar.get_solution_values(),
self.profiles[SOLAR].values *
rps / storage.discharge_efficiency)
npt.assert_almost_equal(wind.get_solution_values(),
self.profiles[WIND] *
(100 - rps) / storage.discharge_efficiency)
rps_credit = np.array([v.solution_value()
for v in lp.rps_credit_variables[0]])
self.assertAlmostEqual(sum(rps_credit), rps)
rec_storage = storage.rec_storage
no_rec_storage = storage.no_rec_storage
npt.assert_almost_equal(rps_credit,
rec_storage.source.get_solution_values() *
storage.discharge_efficiency)
npt.assert_almost_equal(self.profiles[DEMAND] - rps_credit,
no_rec_storage.source.get_solution_values() *
storage.discharge_efficiency)