def test_run_ema_cross_with_tick_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
strategy = EMACross(
symbol=self.instrument.symbol,
bar_spec=BarSpecification(250, BarAggregation.TICK,
PriceType.LAST),
trade_size=Decimal(100),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
# Act
self.engine.run(strategies=[strategy])
# Assert
self.assertEqual(39, strategy.fast_ema.count)
self.assertEqual(19998, self.engine.iteration)
self.assertEqual(Money('995991.41500000', USDT),
self.engine.portfolio.account(self.venue).balance())
def test_calculate_for_usdjpy(self):
# Arrange
sizer = FixedRiskSizer(
InstrumentLoader.default_fx_ccy(TestStubs.symbol_usdjpy_fxcm()))
equity = Money(1000000, USD)
# Act
result = sizer.calculate(
equity,
10, # 0.1%
Price("107.703"),
Price("107.403"),
exchange_rate=0.0093,
units=1,
unit_batch_size=1000,
)
# Assert
self.assertEqual(Quantity(358000), result)
def test_comparisons_with_different_currencies_returns_false(
self,
value1,
value2,
expected1,
expected2,
expected3,
expected4,
):
# Arrange
# Act
result1 = Money(value1, USD) > Money(value2, BTC)
result2 = Money(value1, USD) >= Money(value2, BTC)
result3 = Money(value1, USD) <= Money(value2, BTC)
result4 = Money(value1, USD) < Money(value2, BTC)
# Assert
assert expected1 == result1
assert expected2 == result2
assert expected3 == result3
assert expected4 == result4
def test_comparisons_with_various_values_returns_expected_result(
self,
value1,
value2,
expected1,
expected2,
expected3,
expected4,
):
# Arrange
# Act
result1 = Money(value1, USD) > Money(value2, USD)
result2 = Money(value1, USD) >= Money(value2, USD)
result3 = Money(value1, USD) <= Money(value2, USD)
result4 = Money(value1, USD) < Money(value2, USD)
# Assert
self.assertEqual(expected1, result1)
self.assertEqual(expected2, result2)
self.assertEqual(expected3, result3)
self.assertEqual(expected4, result4)
def test_comparisons_with_different_currencies_returns_false(
self,
value1,
value2,
expected1,
expected2,
expected3,
expected4,
):
# Arrange
# Act
result1 = Money(value1, USD) > Money(value2, BTC)
result2 = Money(value1, USD) >= Money(value2, BTC)
result3 = Money(value1, USD) <= Money(value2, BTC)
result4 = Money(value1, USD) < Money(value2, BTC)
# Assert
self.assertEqual(expected1, result1)
self.assertEqual(expected2, result2)
self.assertEqual(expected3, result3)
self.assertEqual(expected4, result4)
def test_apply_order_partially_filled_event_to_buy_limit_order(self):
# Arrange
order = self.order_factory.limit(
AUDUSD_SIM.id,
OrderSide.BUY,
Quantity.from_int(100000),
Price.from_str("1.00000"),
)
order.apply(TestStubs.event_order_submitted(order))
order.apply(TestStubs.event_order_accepted(order))
partially = OrderFilled(
self.account_id,
order.client_order_id,
VenueOrderId("1"),
ExecutionId("E-1"),
PositionId("P-1"),
StrategyId.null(),
order.instrument_id,
order.side,
Quantity.from_int(50000),
Price.from_str("0.999999"),
AUDUSD_SIM.quote_currency,
Money(0, USD),
LiquiditySide.MAKER,
1_000_000_000,
uuid4(),
1_000_000_000,
)
# Act
order.apply(partially)
# Assert
self.assertEqual(OrderState.PARTIALLY_FILLED, order.state)
self.assertEqual(Quantity.from_int(50000), order.filled_qty)
self.assertEqual(Price.from_str("1.00000"), order.price)
self.assertEqual(Decimal("0.999999"), order.avg_px)
self.assertEqual(Decimal("-0.000001"), order.slippage)
self.assertTrue(order.is_working)
self.assertFalse(order.is_completed)
self.assertEqual(1_000_000_000, order.ts_filled_ns)
def test_run_ema_cross_with_tick_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
strategy = EMACross(
instrument_id=self.ethusdt.id,
bar_spec=BarSpecification(250, BarAggregation.TICK,
PriceType.LAST),
trade_size=Decimal(100),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
# Act
self.engine.run(strategies=[strategy])
# Assert
self.assertEqual(279, strategy.fast_ema.count)
self.assertEqual(69806, self.engine.iteration)
self.assertEqual(Money("998873.43110000", USDT),
self.engine.portfolio.account(self.venue).balance())
def btcusdt_future_binance(expiry: date = None) -> CryptoFuture:
"""
Return the Binance BTCUSDT instrument for backtesting.
Parameters
----------
expiry : date, optional
The expiry date for the contract.
Returns
-------
CryptoFuture
"""
if expiry is None:
expiry = date(2022, 3, 25)
return CryptoFuture(
instrument_id=InstrumentId(
symbol=Symbol(f"BTCUSDT_{expiry.strftime('%y%m%d')}"),
venue=Venue("BINANCE"),
),
native_symbol=Symbol("BTCUSDT"),
underlying=BTC,
quote_currency=USDT,
settlement_currency=USDT,
expiry_date=expiry,
price_precision=2,
size_precision=6,
price_increment=Price(1e-02, precision=2),
size_increment=Quantity(1e-06, precision=6),
max_quantity=Quantity(9000, precision=6),
min_quantity=Quantity(1e-06, precision=6),
max_notional=None,
min_notional=Money(10.00000000, USDT),
max_price=Price(1000000, precision=2),
min_price=Price(0.01, precision=2),
margin_init=Decimal(0),
margin_maint=Decimal(0),
maker_fee=Decimal("0.001"),
taker_fee=Decimal("0.001"),
ts_event=0,
ts_init=0,
)
def event_betting_account_state(account_id=None) -> AccountState:
return AccountState(
account_id=account_id or TestStubs.account_id(),
account_type=AccountType.BETTING,
base_currency=GBP,
reported=False, # reported
balances=[
AccountBalance(
GBP,
Money(1_000, GBP),
Money(0, GBP),
Money(1_000, GBP),
)
],
info={},
event_id=UUID4(),
ts_event=0,
ts_init=0,
)
def event_margin_account_state(account_id=None) -> AccountState:
return AccountState(
account_id=account_id or TestStubs.account_id(),
account_type=AccountType.MARGIN,
base_currency=USD,
reported=True, # reported
balances=[
AccountBalance(
USD,
Money(1_000_000, USD),
Money(0, USD),
Money(1_000_000, USD),
)
],
info={},
event_id=UUID4(),
ts_event=0,
ts_init=0,
)
def test_run_ema_cross_strategy(self):
# Arrange
strategy = EMACross(
instrument_id=self.usdjpy.id,
bar_spec=BarSpecification(15, BarAggregation.MINUTE,
PriceType.BID),
trade_size=Decimal(1_000_000),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
# Act
self.engine.run(strategies=[strategy])
# Assert - Should return expected PnL
self.assertEqual(2689, strategy.fast_ema.count)
self.assertEqual(115043, self.engine.iteration)
self.assertEqual(Money(997731.23, USD),
self.engine.portfolio.account(self.venue).balance())
def test_unrealized_pnl(self):
# Arrange
# Prepare market
tick = TestStubs.quote_tick_3decimal(USDJPY_SIM.symbol)
self.data_engine.process(tick)
self.exchange.process_tick(tick)
order_open = self.strategy.order_factory.market(
USDJPY_SIM.symbol,
OrderSide.BUY,
Quantity(100000),
)
# Act 1
self.strategy.submit_order(order_open)
reduce_quote = QuoteTick(
USDJPY_SIM.symbol,
Price("100.003"),
Price("100.003"),
Quantity(100000),
Quantity(100000),
UNIX_EPOCH,
)
self.exchange.process_tick(reduce_quote)
self.portfolio.update_tick(reduce_quote)
order_reduce = self.strategy.order_factory.market(
USDJPY_SIM.symbol,
OrderSide.SELL,
Quantity(50000),
)
position_id = PositionId("B-USD/JPY-1") # Generated by exchange
# Act 2
self.strategy.submit_order(order_reduce, position_id)
# Assert
position = self.exec_engine.cache.positions_open()[0]
self.assertEqual(Money(500000.00, JPY),
position.unrealized_pnl(Price("100.003")))
def test_update_orders_open_cash_account(self):
# Arrange
AccountFactory.register_calculated_account("BINANCE")
account_id = AccountId("BINANCE", "000")
state = AccountState(
account_id=account_id,
account_type=AccountType.CASH,
base_currency=None, # Multi-currency account
reported=True,
balances=[
AccountBalance(
Money(10.00000000, BTC),
Money(0.00000000, BTC),
Money(10.00000000, BTC),
),
AccountBalance(
Money(100000.00000000, USDT),
Money(0.00000000, USDT),
Money(100000.00000000, USDT),
),
],
margins=[],
info={},
event_id=UUID4(),
ts_event=0,
ts_init=0,
)
self.portfolio.update_account(state)
# Create open order
order = self.order_factory.limit(
BTCUSDT_BINANCE.id,
OrderSide.BUY,
Quantity.from_str("1.0"),
Price.from_str("50000.00"),
)
self.cache.add_order(order, position_id=None)
# Act: push order state to ACCEPTED
self.exec_engine.process(
TestEventStubs.order_submitted(order, account_id=account_id))
self.exec_engine.process(
TestEventStubs.order_accepted(order, account_id=account_id))
# Assert
assert self.portfolio.balances_locked(
BINANCE)[USDT].as_decimal() == 50100
def event_order_filled(
order,
position_id=None,
strategy_id=None,
fill_price=None,
filled_qty=None,
leaves_qty=None,
base_currency=USD,
quote_currency=JPY,
commission=0,
) -> OrderFilled:
if position_id is None:
position_id = PositionId(order.cl_ord_id.value.replace("P", "T"))
if strategy_id is None:
strategy_id = StrategyId("S", "NULL")
if fill_price is None:
fill_price = Price("1.00000")
if filled_qty is None:
filled_qty = order.quantity
if leaves_qty is None:
leaves_qty = Quantity()
return OrderFilled(
TestStubs.account_id(),
order.cl_ord_id,
OrderId("1"),
ExecutionId(order.cl_ord_id.value.replace("O", "E")),
position_id,
strategy_id,
order.symbol,
order.side,
filled_qty,
leaves_qty,
order.price if fill_price is None else fill_price,
Money(commission, base_currency),
LiquiditySide.TAKER,
base_currency, # Stub event
quote_currency, # Stub event
UNIX_EPOCH,
uuid4(),
UNIX_EPOCH,
)
def test_run_ema_cross_with_minute_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
strategy = EMACross(
instrument_id=self.gbpusd.id,
bar_spec=BarSpecification(5, BarAggregation.MINUTE, PriceType.MID),
trade_size=Decimal(1_000_000),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
# Act
self.engine.run(strategies=[strategy])
# Assert
self.assertEqual(8353, strategy.fast_ema.count)
self.assertEqual(120467, self.engine.iteration)
self.assertEqual(
Money(947226.84, GBP),
self.engine.portfolio.account(self.venue).balance_total(GBP),
)
def test_run_ema_cross_with_tick_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
strategy = EMACross(
instrument_id=self.audusd.id,
bar_spec=BarSpecification(100, BarAggregation.TICK, PriceType.MID),
trade_size=Decimal(1_000_000),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
# Act
self.engine.run(strategies=[strategy])
# Assert
self.assertEqual(999, strategy.fast_ema.count)
self.assertEqual(99999, self.engine.iteration)
self.assertEqual(
Money(995431.92, AUD),
self.engine.portfolio.account(self.venue).balance_total(AUD),
)
def test_data_catalog_backtest_data_filtered(catalog):
instruments = catalog.instruments(as_nautilus=True)
engine = BacktestEngine(bypass_logging=True)
engine = catalog.setup_engine(
engine=engine,
instruments=[instruments[1]],
start_timestamp=1576869877788000000,
)
engine.add_venue(
venue=BETFAIR_VENUE,
venue_type=VenueType.EXCHANGE,
account_type=AccountType.CASH,
base_currency=GBP,
oms_type=OMSType.NETTING,
starting_balances=[Money(10000, GBP)],
order_book_level=BookLevel.L2,
)
engine.run()
# Total events 1045
assert engine.iteration == 530
def test_run_ema_cross_strategy(self):
# Arrange
config = EMACrossConfig(
instrument_id=str(self.usdjpy.id),
bar_type="USD/JPY.SIM-15-MINUTE-BID-INTERNAL",
trade_size=Decimal(1_000_000),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
strategy = EMACross(config=config)
self.engine.add_strategy(strategy)
# Act
self.engine.run()
# Assert - Should return expected PnL
assert strategy.fast_ema.count == 2689
assert self.engine.iteration == 115044
assert self.engine.portfolio.account(
self.venue).balance_total(USD) == Money(992811.26, USD)
def test_run_ema_cross_with_minute_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
config = EMACrossConfig(
instrument_id="AUD/USD.SIM",
bar_type="AUD/USD.SIM-1-MINUTE-MID-INTERNAL",
trade_size=Decimal(1_000_000),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
strategy = EMACross(config=config)
self.engine.add_strategy(strategy)
# Act
self.engine.run()
# Assert
assert strategy.fast_ema.count == 1771
assert self.engine.iteration == 100000
assert self.engine.portfolio.account(
self.venue).balance_total(AUD) == Money(987920.04, AUD)
def test_run_ema_cross_with_tick_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
config = EMACrossConfig(
instrument_id=str(self.audusd.id),
bar_type="AUD/USD.SIM-100-TICK-MID-INTERNAL",
trade_size=Decimal(1_000_000),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
strategy = EMACross(config=config)
self.engine.add_strategy(strategy)
# Act
self.engine.run()
# Assert
assert strategy.fast_ema.count == 1000
assert self.engine.iteration == 100000
assert self.engine.portfolio.account(
self.venue).balance_total(AUD) == Money(994441.60, AUD)
def test_run_ema_cross_with_minute_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
config = EMACrossConfig(
instrument_id=str(self.gbpusd.id),
bar_type="GBP/USD.SIM-5-MINUTE-MID-INTERNAL",
trade_size=Decimal(1_000_000),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
strategy = EMACross(config=config)
self.engine.add_strategy(strategy)
# Act
self.engine.run()
# Assert
assert strategy.fast_ema.count == 8353
assert self.engine.iteration == 120468
assert self.engine.portfolio.account(
self.venue).balance_total(GBP) == Money(931346.81, GBP)
def test_run_ema_cross_with_tick_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
config = EMACrossConfig(
instrument_id=str(self.ethusdt.id),
bar_type="ETH/USDT.BINANCE-250-TICK-LAST-INTERNAL",
trade_size=Decimal(100),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
strategy = EMACross(config=config)
self.engine.add_strategy(strategy)
# Act
self.engine.run()
# Assert
assert strategy.fast_ema.count == 279
assert self.engine.iteration == 69806
assert self.engine.portfolio.account(
self.venue).balance_total(USDT) == Money(998450.62196820, USDT)
def ethusdt_binance() -> Instrument:
"""
Return the Binance ETH/USDT instrument for backtesting.
Returns
-------
Instrument
"""
instrument_id = InstrumentId(
symbol=Symbol("ETH/USDT"),
venue=Venue("BINANCE"),
)
return Instrument(
instrument_id=instrument_id,
asset_class=AssetClass.CRYPTO,
asset_type=AssetType.SPOT,
base_currency=ETH,
quote_currency=USDT,
settlement_currency=USDT,
is_inverse=False,
price_precision=2,
size_precision=5,
tick_size=Decimal("0.01"),
multiplier=Decimal("1"),
leverage=Decimal("1"),
lot_size=Quantity("1"),
max_quantity=Quantity("9000"),
min_quantity=Quantity("1e-05"),
max_notional=None,
min_notional=Money("10.00000000", USDT),
max_price=Price("1000000.0"),
min_price=Price("0.01"),
margin_init=Decimal("1.00"),
margin_maint=Decimal("0.35"),
maker_fee=Decimal("0.0001"),
taker_fee=Decimal("0.0001"),
financing={},
timestamp=UNIX_EPOCH,
)
def test_submit_limit_order_aggressive_multiple_levels(self):
# Arrange: Prepare market
self.cache.add_instrument(USDJPY_SIM)
quote = QuoteTick(
instrument_id=USDJPY_SIM.id,
bid=Price.from_str("110.000"),
ask=Price.from_str("110.010"),
bid_size=Quantity.from_int(1500000),
ask_size=Quantity.from_int(1500000),
ts_event=0,
ts_init=0,
)
self.data_engine.process(quote)
snapshot = TestDataStubs.order_book_snapshot(
instrument_id=USDJPY_SIM.id,
bid_volume=1000,
ask_volume=1000,
)
self.data_engine.process(snapshot)
self.exchange.process_order_book(snapshot)
# Create order
order = self.strategy.order_factory.limit(
instrument_id=USDJPY_SIM.id,
order_side=OrderSide.BUY,
quantity=Quantity.from_int(2000),
price=Price.from_int(20),
post_only=False,
)
# Act
self.strategy.submit_order(order)
self.exchange.process(0)
# Assert
assert order.status == OrderStatus.FILLED
assert order.filled_qty == Decimal("2000.0") # No slippage
assert order.avg_px == Decimal("15.33333333333333333333333333")
assert self.exchange.get_account().balance_total(USD) == Money(
999999.96, USD)
def setUp(self):
# Fixture Setup
self.engine = BacktestEngine(bypass_logging=True)
self.venue = Venue("BINANCE")
self.instrument = TestInstrumentProvider.btcusdt_binance()
self.engine.add_instrument(self.instrument)
self.engine.add_trade_ticks(self.instrument.id,
TestDataProvider.tardis_trades())
self.engine.add_quote_ticks(self.instrument.id,
TestDataProvider.tardis_quotes())
self.engine.add_venue(
venue=self.venue,
venue_type=VenueType.EXCHANGE,
oms_type=OMSType.NETTING,
account_type=AccountType.CASH,
base_currency=None, # Multi-currency account
starting_balances=[Money(1_000_000, USDT),
Money(10, BTC)],
)
def test_calculate_pnls_partially_closed(self):
# Arrange
event = self._make_account_state(starting_balance=1000.0)
account = BettingAccount(event)
fill1 = self._make_fill(price="0.50", volume=100, side="BUY")
fill2 = self._make_fill(price="0.80", volume=100, side="SELL")
position = Position(self.instrument, fill1)
position.apply(fill2)
# Act
result = account.calculate_pnls(
instrument=self.instrument,
position=position,
fill=fill2,
)
# Assert
# TODO - this should really be 75 GBP given the position (but we are currently not using position?)
# assert result == [Money("75.00", GBP)]
assert result == [Money("80.00", GBP)]
def test_run_ema_cross_with_minute_bar_spec(self):
# Arrange
config = EMACrossConfig(
instrument_id=str(self.gbpusd.id),
bar_type="GBP/USD.SIM-1-MINUTE-BID-EXTERNAL",
trade_size=Decimal(1_000_000),
fast_ema=10,
slow_ema=20,
)
strategy = EMACross(config=config)
self.engine.add_strategy(strategy)
# Act
self.engine.run()
# Assert
assert strategy.fast_ema.count == 30117
assert self.engine.iteration == 60234
ending_balance = self.engine.portfolio.account(
self.venue).balance_total(USD)
assert ending_balance == Money(1016188.45, USD)
def test_margin_available_for_single_asset_account(self):
# Arrange
event = AccountState(
account_id=AccountId("SIM", "001"),
account_type=AccountType.CASH,
base_currency=USD,
reported=True,
balances=[
AccountBalance(
USD,
Money(100000.00, USD),
Money(0.00, USD),
Money(100000.00, USD),
),
],
info={},
event_id=uuid4(),
ts_updated_ns=0,
timestamp_ns=0,
)
account = Account(event)
# Wire up account to portfolio
account.register_portfolio(self.portfolio)
self.portfolio.register_account(account)
# Act
result1 = account.margin_available()
account.update_initial_margin(Money(500.00, USD))
result2 = account.margin_available()
account.update_maint_margin(Money(1000.00, USD))
result3 = account.margin_available()
# Assert
self.assertEqual(Money(100000.00, USD), result1)
self.assertEqual(Money(99500.00, USD), result2)
self.assertEqual(Money(98500.00, USD), result3)
def test_unrealized_pnl_when_insufficient_data_for_xrate_returns_none(
self):
# Arrange
state = AccountState(
account_id=AccountId("BITMEX", "01234"),
balances=[Money("10.00000000", BTC),
Money("10.00000000", ETH)],
balances_free=[
Money("10.00000000", BTC),
Money("10.00000000", ETH)
],
balances_locked=[
Money("0.00000000", BTC),
Money("0.00000000", ETH)
],
info={},
event_id=uuid4(),
event_timestamp=UNIX_EPOCH,
)
account = Account(state)
self.portfolio.register_account(account)
order = self.order_factory.market(
ETHUSD_BITMEX.symbol,
OrderSide.BUY,
Quantity(100),
)
fill = TestStubs.event_order_filled(
order=order,
instrument=ETHUSD_BITMEX,
position_id=PositionId("P-123456"),
strategy_id=StrategyId("S", "001"),
fill_price=Price("376.05"),
)
position = Position(fill)
self.portfolio.update_position(
TestStubs.event_position_opened(position))
# Act
result = self.portfolio.unrealized_pnls(BITMEX)
# # Assert
self.assertIsNone(result)
def test_update_maint_margin(self):
# Arrange
event = AccountState(
account_id=AccountId("SIM", "001"),
account_type=AccountType.CASH,
base_currency=None, # Multi-currency
reported=True,
balances=[
AccountBalance(
BTC,
Money(10.00000000, BTC),
Money(0.00000000, BTC),
Money(10.00000000, BTC),
),
AccountBalance(
ETH,
Money(20.00000000, ETH),
Money(0.00000000, ETH),
Money(20.00000000, ETH),
),
],
info={}, # No default currency set
event_id=uuid4(),
ts_updated_ns=0,
timestamp_ns=0,
)
# Act
account = Account(event)
# Wire up account to portfolio
account.register_portfolio(self.portfolio)
self.portfolio.register_account(account)
margin = Money(0.00050000, BTC)
# Act
account.update_maint_margin(margin)
# Assert
self.assertEqual(margin, account.maint_margin(BTC))
self.assertEqual({BTC: margin}, account.maint_margins())
