def _decompose_CnU(cmd): # pylint: disable=invalid-name
"""
Decompose a multi-controlled gate U with n control qubits into a single- controlled U.
It uses (n-1) work qubits and 2 * (n-1) Toffoli gates for general U and (n-2) work qubits and 2n - 3 Toffoli gates
if U is an X-gate.
"""
eng = cmd.engine
qubits = cmd.qubits
ctrl_qureg = cmd.control_qubits
gate = cmd.gate
n_controls = get_control_count(cmd)
# specialized for X-gate
if gate == XGate() and n_controls > 2:
n_controls -= 1
ancilla_qureg = eng.allocate_qureg(n_controls - 1)
with Compute(eng):
Toffoli | (ctrl_qureg[0], ctrl_qureg[1], ancilla_qureg[0])
for ctrl_index in range(2, n_controls):
Toffoli | (
ctrl_qureg[ctrl_index],
ancilla_qureg[ctrl_index - 2],
ancilla_qureg[ctrl_index - 1],
)
ctrls = [ancilla_qureg[-1]]
# specialized for X-gate
if gate == XGate() and get_control_count(cmd) > 2:
ctrls += [ctrl_qureg[-1]]
with Control(eng, ctrls):
gate | qubits
Uncompute(eng)
def _add_single_qubit_op_to_circuit(cmd: ProjectQCommand,
circ: Circuit) -> bool:
assert len(cmd.qubits) == 1
assert len(cmd.qubits[0]) == 1
qubit_no = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
new_qubit = False
if get_control_count(cmd) > 0:
raise Exception("singleq gate " + str(cmd.gate) + " has " +
str(get_control_count(cmd)) + " control qubits")
else:
if qubit_no >= circ.n_qubits:
circ.add_blank_wires(1 + qubit_no - circ.n_qubits)
new_qubit = True
if type(cmd.gate) == pqo.MeasureGate:
bit = Bit("c", qubit_no)
if bit not in circ.bits:
circ.add_bit(bit)
circ.Measure(qubit_no, qubit_no)
return new_qubit
elif type(cmd.gate) in (pqo.Rx, pqo.Ry, pqo.Rz):
op = Op.create(_pq_to_tk_singleqs[type(cmd.gate)],
cmd.gate.angle / np.pi)
else:
op = Op.create(_pq_to_tk_singleqs[type(cmd.gate)])
circ.add_gate(Op=op, args=[qubit_no])
return new_qubit
def _recognize_CnU(cmd): # pylint: disable=invalid-name
"""Recognize an arbitrary gate which has n>=2 control qubits, except a Toffoli gate."""
if get_control_count(cmd) == 2:
if not isinstance(cmd.gate, XGate):
return True
elif get_control_count(cmd) > 2:
return True
return False
def _store(self, cmd):
if self._clear:
self._clear = False
self.qasm = ""
self._allocated_qubits = set()
gate = cmd.gate
if gate == ops.Allocate:
self._allocated_qubits.add(cmd.qubits[0][0].id)
return
if gate == ops.Deallocate:
return
if gate == ops.Measure:
assert len(cmd.qubits) == 1 and len(cmd.qubits[0]) == 1
qb_id = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
logical_id = None
for t in cmd.tags:
if isinstance(t, LogicalQubitIDTag):
logical_id = t.logical_qubit_id
break
assert logical_id is not None
self._measured_ids += [logical_id]
elif gate == ops.NOT and get_control_count(cmd) == 1:
ctrl_pos = cmd.control_qubits[0].id
qb_pos = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
self.qasm += "\ncx q[{}], q[{}];".format(ctrl_pos, qb_pos)
elif gate == ops.Barrier:
qb_pos = [qb.id for qr in cmd.qubits for qb in qr]
self.qasm += "\nbarrier "
qb_str = ""
for pos in qb_pos:
qb_str += "q[{}], ".format(pos)
self.qasm += qb_str[:-2] + ";"
elif isinstance(gate, (ops.Rx, ops.Ry, ops.Rz)):
assert get_control_count(cmd) == 0
qb_pos = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
u_strs = {
'Rx': 'u3({}, -pi/2, pi/2)',
'Ry': 'u3({}, 0, 0)',
'Rz': 'u1({})'
}
gate = u_strs[str(gate)[0:2]].format(gate.angle)
self.qasm += "\n{} q[{}];".format(gate, qb_pos)
else:
assert get_control_count(cmd) == 0
if str(gate) in self._gate_names:
gate_str = self._gate_names[str(gate)]
else:
gate_str = str(gate).lower()
qb_pos = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
self.qasm += "\n{} q[{}];".format(gate_str, qb_pos)
def is_available(self, cmd):
g = cmd.gate
if g == ops.NOT and get_control_count(cmd) <= 1:
return True
if get_control_count(cmd) == 0:
if g in (ops.T, ops.Tdag, ops.S, ops.Sdag, ops.H, ops.Y, ops.Z):
return True
if isinstance(g, (ops.Rx, ops.Ry, ops.Rz)):
return True
if g in (ops.Measure, ops.Allocate, ops.Deallocate, ops.Barrier):
return True
return False
def is_available(self, cmd: Command) -> bool:
"""
Via this method the ProjectQ framework determines which commands (gates) are available in the backend.
Args:
cmd: Command with a gate for which to check availability.
Returns:
True when the gate in the command is available on the Quantum Inspire backend.
"""
count = get_control_count(cmd)
g = cmd.gate
if self._verbose >= 3:
print('call to is_available with cmd %s (gate %s)' % (cmd, g))
if g == NOT and count <= 2:
return True
if g == Z and count <= 1:
return True
if g in (Measure, Allocate, Deallocate, Barrier):
return True
if count != 0:
return False
if g in (T, Tdag, S, Sdag, Swap, H, X, Y, Z):
return True
elif isinstance(g, (Rx, Ry, Rz)):
return True
elif isinstance(g, Ph):
return False
else:
return False
def is_available(self, cmd: Command) -> bool:
"""
Return true if the command can be executed.
Args:
cmd: Command for which to check availability.
"""
count = get_control_count(cmd)
g = cmd.gate
if self._verbose:
print('call to is_available with cmd %s (gate %s)' % (cmd, g))
if g == NOT and count <= 2:
return True
if g == Z and count <= 1:
return True
if g in (Measure, Allocate, Deallocate, Barrier):
return True
if count != 0:
return False
if g in (T, Tdag, S, Sdag, H, X, Y, Z):
return True
elif isinstance(g, (Rx, Ry, Rz)):
return True
elif isinstance(g, Ph):
return False
else:
return False
def _recognize_CnU(cmd):
"""
Recognize an arbitrary gate which has n>=2 control qubits, except a
Toffoli gate.
"""
if get_control_count(cmd) == 2:
if not (isinstance(cmd.gate, XGate) and
isinstance(cmd.gate, YGate) and
isinstance(cmd.gate, ZGate) ):
return True
if not isinstance(cmd.gate, XGate):
return True
elif get_control_count(cmd) > 2:
return True
return False
def _rx_ry_rz(cmd, mapping, qubits):
"""
Translate a rotation gate into a Cirq roation (phase) gate.
Global phase difference betwee proejctq rotation gate and cirq phase gate
is dropped.
Args:
cmd (:class:`projectq.ops.Command`): a projectq command instance
mapping (:class:`dict`): a dictionary of qubit mappings
qubits (list of :class:cirq.QubitID`): cirq qubits
Returns:
:class:`cirq.Operation`
"""
gates = {pqo.Rx: cop.XPowGate, pqo.Ry: cop.YPowGate, pqo.Rz: cop.ZPowGate}
qb_pos = [mapping[qb.id] for qr in cmd.qubits for qb in qr]
assert len(qb_pos) == 1
cirqGate = gates[type(cmd.gate)](half_turns=cmd.gate.angle / cmath.pi)
if get_control_count(cmd) > 0:
ctrl_pos = [mapping[qb.id] for qb in cmd.control_qubits]
return cop.ControlledGate(cirqGate)(
*[qubits[c] for c in ctrl_pos + qb_pos])
else:
return cirqGate(*[qubits[idx] for idx in qb_pos])
def _recognize_paulis(cmd):
if isinstance(
cmd.gate,
(ops.XGate, ops.YGate, ops.ZGate)) and get_control_count(cmd) == 0:
return True
else:
return False
def is_available(self, cmd):
"""
Test if this backend is available to process the provided command.
Args:
cmd (Command): A command to process.
Returns:
bool: If this backend can process the command.
"""
gate = cmd.gate
# Metagates.
if gate in (Measure, Allocate, Deallocate, Barrier):
return True
if has_negative_control(cmd):
return False
# CNOT gates.
# NOTE: IonQ supports up to 7 control qubits
num_ctrl_qubits = get_control_count(cmd)
if 0 < num_ctrl_qubits <= 7:
return isinstance(gate, (XGate, ))
# Gates witout control bits.
if num_ctrl_qubits == 0:
supported = isinstance(gate, SUPPORTED_GATES)
supported_transpose = gate in (Sdag, Tdag)
return supported or supported_transpose
return False
def filter_gates(eng, cmd):
if isinstance(cmd.gate, ClassicalInstructionGate):
return True
if ((cmd.gate == X and get_control_count(cmd) == 1) or cmd.gate == H
or isinstance(cmd.gate, Rz)):
return False
return True
def _hiq_add_cmd(resource_counter, cmd):
"""
Add a gate to the count.
"""
if isinstance(cmd.gate, AllocateQuregGate):
for qureg in cmd.qubits:
for qubit in qureg:
resource_counter._active_qubits += 1
resource_counter._depth_of_qubit[qubit.id] = 0
# this is original ProjectQ's code copied here from _add_cmd()
resource_counter.max_width = max(resource_counter.max_width,
resource_counter._active_qubits)
ctrl_cnt = get_control_count(cmd)
gate_description = (cmd.gate, ctrl_cnt)
gate_class_description = (cmd.gate.__class__, ctrl_cnt)
try:
resource_counter.gate_counts[gate_description] += 1
except KeyError:
resource_counter.gate_counts[gate_description] = 1
try:
resource_counter.gate_class_counts[gate_class_description] += 1
except KeyError:
resource_counter.gate_class_counts[gate_class_description] = 1
else:
resource_counter._old_add_cmd(cmd)
def _add_cmd(self, cmd):
"""
Add a gate to the count.
"""
if cmd.gate == Allocate:
self._active_qubits += 1
elif cmd.gate == Deallocate:
self._active_qubits -= 1
elif cmd.gate == Measure:
for qureg in cmd.qubits:
for qubit in qureg:
self.main_engine.set_measurement_result(qubit, 0)
self.max_width = max(self.max_width, self._active_qubits)
ctrl_cnt = get_control_count(cmd)
gate_description = (cmd.gate, ctrl_cnt)
gate_class_description = (cmd.gate.__class__, ctrl_cnt)
try:
self.gate_counts[gate_description] += 1
except KeyError:
self.gate_counts[gate_description] = 1
try:
self.gate_class_counts[gate_class_description] += 1
except KeyError:
self.gate_class_counts[gate_class_description] = 1
def _print_cmd(self, cmd):
"""
Print a command or, if the command is a measurement instruction and
the CommandPrinter is the last engine in the engine pipeline: Query
the user for the measurement result (if accept_input = True) / Set
the result to 0 (if it's False).
Args:
cmd (Command): Command to print.
"""
if self.is_last_engine and cmd.gate == Measure:
assert (get_control_count(cmd) == 0)
print(cmd)
for qureg in cmd.qubits:
for qubit in qureg:
if self._accept_input:
m = None
while m != '0' and m != '1' and m != 1 and m != 0:
prompt = ("Input measurement result (0 or 1) for"
" qubit " + str(qubit) + ": ")
m = input(prompt)
else:
m = self._default_measure
m = int(m)
self.main_engine.set_measurement_result(qubit, m)
else:
if self._in_place:
sys.stdout.write("\0\r\t\x1b[K" + str(cmd) + "\r")
else:
print(cmd)
def _add_single_qubit_op_to_circuit(cmd:ProjectQCommand,circ:Circuit):
assert len(cmd.qubits)==1
assert len(cmd.qubits[0])==1
qubit_no = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
new_qubit = False
if get_control_count(cmd) > 0:
raise Exception("singleq gate " + str(cmd.gate) + " has " + str(get_control_count(cmd)) + " control qubits")
else:
if type(cmd.gate) in (pqo.Rx,pqo.Ry,pqo.Rz):
op = circ._get_op(OpType=_pq_to_tk_singleqs[type(cmd.gate)],param=cmd.gate.angle/np.pi)
else:
op = circ._get_op(OpType=_pq_to_tk_singleqs[type(cmd.gate)])
if (qubit_no >= circ.n_qubits):
circ.add_blank_wires(1+qubit_no-circ.n_qubits)
new_qubit = True
circ._add_operation(Op=op,qubits=[qubit_no])
return new_qubit
def _is_swap(self, cmd): # pylint: disable=no-self-use
"""
Check if the command corresponds to a Swap gate.
Args:
cmd (Command): Command to check
"""
return get_control_count(cmd) == 0 and cmd.gate == Swap
def _is_swap(self, cmd):
"""
Check if the command corresponds to a Swap gate.
Args:
cmd (Command): Command to check
"""
return (get_control_count(cmd) == 0 and cmd.gate == Swap)
def _is_cnot(self, cmd): # pylint: disable=no-self-use
"""
Check if the command corresponds to a CNOT (controlled NOT gate).
Args:
cmd (Command): Command to check
"""
return isinstance(cmd.gate,
NOT.__class__) and get_control_count(cmd) == 1
def _is_cnot(self, cmd):
"""
Check if the command corresponds to a CNOT (controlled NOT gate).
Args:
cmd (Command): Command to check whether it is a controlled NOT gate.
"""
return isinstance(cmd.gate,
NOT.__class__) and get_control_count(cmd) == 1
def _handle(self, cmd):
"""
Handle all commands, i.e., call the member functions of the C++-
simulator object corresponding to measurement, allocation/
deallocation, and (controlled) single-qubit gate.
Args:
cmd (Command): Command to handle.
Raises:
Exception: If a non-single-qubit gate needs to be processed
(which should never happen due to is_available).
"""
#print(cmd)
if cmd.gate == Measure:
assert (get_control_count(cmd) == 0)
ids = [qb.id for qr in cmd.qubits for qb in qr]
out = self._simulator.measure_qubits(ids)
i = 0
for qr in cmd.qubits:
for qb in qr:
self.main_engine.set_measurement_result(qb, out[i])
i += 1
elif cmd.gate == Allocate:
ID = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
self._simulator.allocate_qubit(ID)
elif cmd.gate == Deallocate:
ID = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
self._simulator.deallocate_qubit(ID)
elif isinstance(cmd.gate, BasicMathGate):
qubitids = []
for qr in cmd.qubits:
qubitids.append([])
for qb in qr:
qubitids[-1].append(qb.id)
math_fun = cmd.gate.get_math_function(cmd.qubits)
self._simulator.emulate_math(math_fun, qubitids,
[qb.id for qb in cmd.control_qubits])
elif isinstance(cmd.gate, TimeEvolution):
op = [(list(term), coeff)
for (term, coeff) in cmd.gate.hamiltonian.terms.items()]
t = cmd.gate.time
qubitids = [qb.id for qb in cmd.qubits[0]]
ctrlids = [qb.id for qb in cmd.control_qubits]
self._simulator.emulate_time_evolution(op, t, qubitids, ctrlids)
elif len(cmd.gate.matrix) == 2:
matrix = cmd.gate.matrix
self._simulator.apply_controlled_gate(
matrix.tolist(), [cmd.qubits[0][0].id],
[qb.id for qb in cmd.control_qubits])
if not self._gate_fusion:
self._simulator.run()
else:
raise Exception("This simulator only supports controlled single-"
"qubit gates!\nPlease add an auto-replacer engine"
" to your list of compiler engines.")
def is_available(self, cmd):
"""
Return true if the command can be executed.
The IBM quantum chip can do X, Y, Z, T, Tdag, S, Sdag, and CX / CNOT.
Args:
cmd (Command): Command for which to check availability
"""
g = cmd.gate
if g == NOT and get_control_count(cmd) <= 1:
return True
if get_control_count(cmd) == 0:
if (g == T or g == Tdag or g == S or g == Sdag or g == H or g == Y
or g == Z or g == I):
return True
if g == Measure or g == Allocate or g == Deallocate:
return True
return False
def _recognize_carb1qubit(cmd):
""" Recognize single controlled one qubit gates with a matrix."""
if get_control_count(cmd) == 1:
try:
m = cmd.gate.matrix
if len(m) == 2:
return True
except:
return False
return False
def _decompose_CRz(cmd): # pylint: disable=invalid-name
"""Decompose the controlled Rz gate (into CNOT and Rz)."""
qubit = cmd.qubits[0]
ctrl = cmd.control_qubits
gate = cmd.gate
n_controls = get_control_count(cmd)
Rz(0.5 * gate.angle) | qubit
C(NOT, n_controls) | (ctrl, qubit)
Rz(-0.5 * gate.angle) | qubit
C(NOT, n_controls) | (ctrl, qubit)
def _add_cmd(self, cmd):
"""
Add a gate to the count.
"""
if cmd.gate == Allocate:
self._active_qubits += 1
self._depth_of_qubit[cmd.qubits[0][0].id] = 0
elif cmd.gate == Deallocate:
self._active_qubits -= 1
depth = self._depth_of_qubit[cmd.qubits[0][0].id]
self._previous_max_depth = max(self._previous_max_depth, depth)
self._depth_of_qubit.pop(cmd.qubits[0][0].id)
elif self.is_last_engine and cmd.gate == Measure:
for qureg in cmd.qubits:
for qubit in qureg:
self._depth_of_qubit[qubit.id] += 1
# Check if a mapper assigned a different logical id
logical_id_tag = None
for tag in cmd.tags:
if isinstance(tag, LogicalQubitIDTag):
logical_id_tag = tag
if logical_id_tag is not None:
qubit = WeakQubitRef(qubit.engine,
logical_id_tag.logical_qubit_id)
self.main_engine.set_measurement_result(qubit, 0)
else:
qubit_ids = set()
for qureg in cmd.all_qubits:
for qubit in qureg:
qubit_ids.add(qubit.id)
if len(qubit_ids) == 1:
self._depth_of_qubit[list(qubit_ids)[0]] += 1
else:
max_depth = 0
for qubit_id in qubit_ids:
max_depth = max(max_depth, self._depth_of_qubit[qubit_id])
for qubit_id in qubit_ids:
self._depth_of_qubit[qubit_id] = max_depth + 1
self.max_width = max(self.max_width, self._active_qubits)
ctrl_cnt = get_control_count(cmd)
gate_description = (cmd.gate, ctrl_cnt)
gate_class_description = (cmd.gate.__class__, ctrl_cnt)
try:
self.gate_counts[gate_description] += 1
except KeyError:
self.gate_counts[gate_description] = 1
try:
self.gate_class_counts[gate_class_description] += 1
except KeyError:
self.gate_class_counts[gate_class_description] = 1
def _decompose_CRz(cmd):
""" Decompose the controlled Rz gate (into CNOT and Rz). """
qubit = cmd.qubits[0]
ctrl = cmd.control_qubits
gate = cmd.gate
n = get_control_count(cmd)
Rz(0.5 * gate._angle) | qubit
C(NOT, n) | (ctrl, qubit)
Rz(-0.5 * gate._angle) | qubit
C(NOT, n) | (ctrl, qubit)
def _recognize_arb1qubit(cmd):
"""
Recognize an arbitrary one qubit gate which has a matrix property.
It does not allow gates which have control qubits as otherwise the
AutoReplacer might go into an infinite loop. Use
carb1qubit2cnotrzandry instead.
"""
try:
return len(cmd.gate.matrix) == 2 and get_control_count(cmd) == 0
except AttributeError:
return False
def is_available(self, cmd):
"""
Return true if the command can be executed.
For supporting gate of QuTiP, pleaser refer to
http://qutip.org/docs/latest/guide/guide-qip.html.
Args:
cmd (Command): Command for which to check availability
"""
g = cmd.gate
if g == NOT and get_control_count(cmd) <= 1:
return True
if get_control_count(cmd) == 0:
if g in (H, X, Y, Z):
return True
if isinstance(g, (Rx, Ry, Rz)):
return True
if g in (Measure, Allocate, Deallocate, Barrier):
return True
return False
def is_available(self, cmd):
"""
Return true if the command can be executed.
The IBM quantum chip can do X, Y, Z, T, Tdag, S, Sdag,
rotation gates, barriers, and CX / CNOT.
Args:
cmd (Command): Command for which to check availability
"""
g = cmd.gate
if g == NOT and get_control_count(cmd) <= 1:
return True
if get_control_count(cmd) == 0:
if g in (T, Tdag, S, Sdag, H, Y, Z):
return True
if isinstance(g, (Rx, Ry, Rz)):
return True
if g in (Measure, Allocate, Deallocate, Barrier):
return True
return False
def _store(self, cmd):
"""
Temporarily store the command cmd.
Translates the command and stores it in a local variable (self._cmds).
Args:
cmd: Command to store
"""
if self._clear:
self._mapping = dict()
self._inverse_mapping = dict()
self._probabilities = dict()
self._clear = False
self.qasm = ""
gate = cmd.gate
if gate == Allocate:
qb_id = cmd.qubits[0][0].id
for tag in cmd.tags:
if isinstance(tag, QubitPlacementTag):
self._mapping[qb_id] = tag.position
self._inverse_mapping[tag.position] = qb_id
break
if not qb_id in self._mapping:
raise Exception("No qubit placement info found in Allocate.\n"
"Please make sure you are using the IBM CNOT "
"Mapper.")
return
if gate == Deallocate:
return
if gate == Measure:
for qr in cmd.qubits:
for qb in qr:
qb_pos = self._mapping[qb.id]
self.qasm += "\nmeasure q[{}] -> c[{}];".format(qb_pos,
qb_pos)
elif not (gate == NOT and get_control_count(cmd) == 1):
if str(gate) in self._gate_names:
gate_str = self._gate_names[str(gate)]
else:
gate_str = str(gate).lower()
qb_pos = self._mapping[cmd.qubits[0][0].id]
self.qasm += "\n{} q[{}];".format(gate_str, qb_pos)
else:
ctrl_pos = self._mapping[cmd.control_qubits[0].id]
qb_pos = self._mapping[cmd.qubits[0][0].id]
self.qasm += "\ncx q[{}], q[{}];".format(ctrl_pos, qb_pos)