def main(args):
setup(timestep=0.1)
random_image = np.random.rand(2,2)
size = random_image.size
input_population_arr = Population(random_image.size, SpikeSourceArray, {'spike_times': [0 for i in range(0, random_image.size)]})
cell_params = {'tau_refrac': 2.0, 'v_thresh': -50.0, 'tau_syn_E': 2.0, 'tau_syn_I': 2.0}
output_population = Population(1, IF_curr_alpha, cell_params, label="output")
projection = Projection(input_population_arr, output_population, AllToAllConnector())
projection.setWeights(1.0)
input_population_arr.record('spikes')
output_population.record('spikes')
tstop = 1000.0
run(tstop)
output_population.write_data("simpleNetwork_output.pkl",'spikes')
input_population_arr.write_data("simpleNetwork_input.pkl",'spikes')
#output_population.print_v("simpleNetwork.v")
end()
def main():
# setup timestep of simulation and minimum and maximum synaptic delays
setup(timestep=simulationTimestep, min_delay=minSynapseDelay, max_delay=maxSynapseDelay)
# create a spike sources
retinaLeft = createSpikeSource("Retina Left")
retinaRight = createSpikeSource("Retina Right")
# create network and attach the spike sources
network = createCooperativeNetwork(retinaLeft=retinaLeft, retinaRight=retinaRight)
# run simulation for time in milliseconds
print "Simulation started..."
run(simulationTime)
print "Simulation ended."
# plot results
from itertools import repeat
numberOfLayersToPlot = 4
layers = zip(repeat(network, numberOfLayersToPlot), range(1, numberOfLayersToPlot+1), repeat(False, numberOfLayersToPlot))
customLayers = [(network, 20, False),(network, 40, False),(network, 60, False),(network, 80, False)]
for proc in range(0, numberOfLayersToPlot):
p = Process(target=plotSimulationResults, args=customLayers[proc])
p.start()
# finalise program and simulation
end()
def run_sim(ncell):
print "Cells: ", ncell
setup0 = time.time()
sim.setup(timestep=0.1)
hh_cell_type = sim.HH_cond_exp()
hh = sim.Population(ncell, hh_cell_type)
pulse = sim.DCSource(amplitude=0.5, start=20.0, stop=80.0)
pulse.inject_into(hh)
hh.record('v')
setup1 = time.time()
t0 = time.time()
sim.run(100.0)
v = hh.get_data()
sim.end()
t1 = time.time()
setup_total = setup1 - setup0
run_total = t1 - t0
print "Setup: ", setup_total
print "Run: ", run_total
print "Total sim time: ", setup_total + run_total
return run_total
def train_weights(feature_dir):
"""
Trains the basic recognizer weights such that they respond to the features
found in the directory feature_dir. This function runs a sim.start() -
sim.end() "session".
Arguments:
`feature_dir`: The directory where the features are stored as images
Returns:
A pair of weight and feature image dictionaries of the following type:
weights_dict :: feature name string -> (weights, shape)
feature_imgs_dict :: feature name string -> feature image
"""
sim.setup()
weights_dict = {} # feature name string -> (weights, shape)
feature_imgs_dict = {} # feature name string -> feature image
for training_img in plb.Path(feature_dir).iterdir():
feature_np_array = cv2.imread(training_img.as_posix(), cv2.CV_8U)
feature_imgs_dict[training_img.stem] = feature_np_array
weights = recognizer_weights_from(feature_np_array)
weights_dict[training_img.stem] = (weights, feature_np_array.shape)
sim.end()
return (weights_dict, feature_imgs_dict)
def scnn_test(cell_params_lif, l_cnn, w_cnn, num_test, test, max_rate,
dur_test, silence):
p.setup(timestep=1.0, min_delay=1.0, max_delay=3.0)
L = l_cnn
random.seed(0)
input_size = L[0][1]
pops_list = []
pops_list.append(
init_inputlayer(input_size, test[:num_test, :], max_rate, dur_test,
silence))
print('SCNN constructing...')
for l in range(len(w_cnn)):
pops_list.append(
construct_layer(cell_params_lif, pops_list[l], L[l + 1][0],
L[l + 1][1], w_cnn[l]))
result = pops_list[-1][0]
result.record(['v', 'spikes']) # new
print('SCNN running...')
p.run((dur_test + silence) * num_test)
spike_result = result.getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
#spike_result = result.get_spike_counts(gather=True) #tuple datta
#spike_result = result.get_data('spikes')
p.end()
print('analysing...')
spike_result_count = count_spikes(spike_result, 10, num_test, dur_test,
silence)
print("spike_result_count : ", spike_result_count)
predict = np.argmax(spike_result_count, axis=0)
print("predict : ", predict)
# prob = np.exp(spike_result_count)/np.sum(np.exp(spike_result_count), axis=0)
return predict, spike_result
def two_neuron_example(
current=1000.0,
time_simulation=2000.0,
weight=0.4,
neuron_parameters={"v_rest": -50.0, "cm": 1, "tau_m": 20.0, "tau_refrac": 5.0, "v_thresh": -40.0, "v_reset": -50.0},
):
sim.setup(timestep=0.1, min_delay=0.1)
pulse = sim.DCSource(amplitude=current, start=0.0, stop=time_simulation)
pre = sim.Population(1, sim.IF_curr_exp(**neuron_parameters))
pre.record("spikes")
pulse.inject_into(pre)
sim.run(time_simulation)
# rates in Hz
rate_pre = len(pre.get_data("spikes").segments[0].spiketrains[0]) / time_simulation * 1000.0
sim.end()
return rate_pre
def two_neuron_example(
current=1000.0,
time_simulation=2000.,
weight=0.4,
neuron_parameters={
'v_rest' : -65.0,
'cm' : 0.1,
'tau_m' : 1.0,
'tau_refrac' : 2.0,
'tau_syn_E' : 10.0,
'tau_syn_I' : 10.0,
'i_offset' : 0.0,
'v_reset' : -65.0,
'v_thresh' : -50.0,
},
):
"""
Connects to neurons with corresponding parameters.
The first is stimulated via current injection while the second receives
the other one's spikes.
"""
sim.setup(timestep=0.1, min_delay=0.1)
pulse = sim.DCSource(amplitude=current, start=0.0, stop=time_simulation)
pre = sim.Population(1, sim.IF_curr_exp(**neuron_parameters))
post = sim.Population(1, sim.IF_curr_exp(**neuron_parameters))
pre.record('spikes')
post.record('spikes')
sim.Projection(pre, post, connector=sim.OneToOneConnector(),
synapse_type=sim.StaticSynapse(weight=weight),
receptor_type='excitatory')
pulse.inject_into(pre)
sim.run(time_simulation)
# rates in Hz
rate_pre = len(pre.get_data('spikes').segments[0].spiketrains[0])\
/ time_simulation * 1000.
rate_post = len(post.get_data('spikes').segments[0].spiketrains[0])\
/ time_simulation * 1000.
sim.end()
return rate_pre, rate_post
def _reset(self, seed):
'''
Reset simulator and seed the PRNGs.
Parameters
----------
seed: PRNG seed value.
'''
sim.end()
sim.setup()
# Set PRNG seed values:
if seed is None:
seed = rnd.randint(10**10)
seed = 2 * seed
rnd.seed(seed)
self._rng = sim.NumpyRNG(seed=seed + 1)
def loop():
for device_instance in Interfaces.DeviceMeta._instances:
device_instance._create_device()
print "Entered loop"
i = 0
while(True):
sim.run(20.0)
Observers.Observer.notify()
Setters.Setter.notify()
SimulatorPorts.RPCPort.execute()
for pop_view in population_register.values():
pass
#print pop_view.meanSpikeCount()
#print 'amplitude', pop_view.get_data().segments[0].filter(name='v')
#print nest.GetStatus(map(int, [pop_view.all_cells[0]]), 'V_m')
i += 1
sim.end()
def scnn_test(l_cnn, w_cnn, num_test, test, max_rate, dur_test, silence):
p.setup(timestep=1.0, min_delay=1.0, max_delay=3.0)
L = l_cnn
random.seed(0)
input_size = L[0][1]
pops_list = []
pops_list.append(init_inputlayer(input_size, test[:num_test, :], max_rate, dur_test, silence))
for l in range(len(w_cnn)):
pops_list.append(construct_layer(pops_list[l], L[l+1][0], L[l+1][1], w_cnn[l]))
result = pops_list[-1][0]
result.record()
p.run((dur_test+silence)*num_test)
spike_result = result.getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
p.end()
spike_result_count = count_spikes(spike_result, 10, num_test, dur_test, silence)
predict = np.argmax(spike_result_count, axis=0)
# prob = np.exp(spike_result_count)/np.sum(np.exp(spike_result_count), axis=0)
return predict
def main():
# setup timestep of simulation and minimum and maximum synaptic delays
setup(timestep=simulationTimestep, min_delay=minSynapseDelay, max_delay=maxSynapseDelay, threads=4)
# create a spike sources
retinaLeft = createSpikeSource("Retina Left")
retinaRight = createSpikeSource("Retina Right")
# create network and attach the spike sources
network = createCooperativeNetwork(retinaLeft=retinaLeft, retinaRight=retinaRight)
# run simulation for time in milliseconds
print "Simulation started..."
run(simulationTime)
print "Simulation ended."
# plot results
plotSimulationResults(network, 1, False)
# finalise program and simulation
end()
def presentStimuli(pres_duration, num_pres_per_stim, num_source, num_target, bright_on_weights, bright_off_weights, bright_lat_weights, dark_on_weights, dark_off_weights, dark_lat_weights, is_repeated=False):
"""
For presenting a stimulus to the target network. Callback is used to switch between presentation rates.
Arguments: num_source
num_target
num_pres_per_stim,
pres_duration
"""
num_stim = 2 # two stimuli 'bright' and 'dark'
total_duration = num_stim * num_pres_per_stim * pres_duration
source_on_pop = pynn.Population(num_source, pynn.SpikeSourcePoisson(), label='source_on_pop')
source_off_pop = pynn.Population(num_source, pynn.SpikeSourcePoisson(), label='source_off_pop')
is_bright, random_on_rates, random_off_rates = getPresentationRatesForCallback(num_stim, num_source, num_pres_per_stim, is_repeated=is_repeated)
bright_target_pop = pynn.Population(num_target, pynn.IF_cond_exp, {'i_offset':0.11, 'tau_refrac':3.0, 'v_thresh':-51.0}, label='target_pop')
dark_target_pop = pynn.Population(num_target, pynn.IF_cond_exp, {'i_offset':0.11, 'tau_refrac':3.0, 'v_thresh':-51.0}, label='target_pop')
bright_on_conn = pynn.Projection(source_on_pop, bright_target_pop, connector=pynn.AllToAllConnector(), synapse_type=pynn.StaticSynapse(weight=bright_on_weights), receptor_type='excitatory')
bright_off_conn = pynn.Projection(source_off_pop, bright_target_pop, connector=pynn.AllToAllConnector(), synapse_type=pynn.StaticSynapse(weight=bright_off_weights), receptor_type='excitatory')
bright_lat_conn = pynn.Projection(bright_target_pop, bright_target_pop, connector=pynn.AllToAllConnector(), synapse_type=pynn.StaticSynapse(weight=bright_lat_weights), receptor_type='inhibitory')
dark_on_conn = pynn.Projection(source_on_pop, dark_target_pop, connector=pynn.AllToAllConnector(), synapse_type=pynn.StaticSynapse(weight=dark_on_weights), receptor_type='excitatory')
dark_off_conn = pynn.Projection(source_off_pop, dark_target_pop, connector=pynn.AllToAllConnector(), synapse_type=pynn.StaticSynapse(weight=dark_off_weights), receptor_type='excitatory')
dark_lat_conn = pynn.Projection(dark_target_pop, dark_target_pop, connector=pynn.AllToAllConnector(), synapse_type=pynn.StaticSynapse(weight=dark_lat_weights), receptor_type='inhibitory')
source_on_pop.record('spikes')
source_off_pop.record('spikes')
bright_target_pop.record(['spikes'])
dark_target_pop.record(['spikes'])
pynn.run(total_duration, callbacks=[PoissonWeightVariation(source_on_pop, random_on_rates, pres_duration), PoissonWeightVariation(source_off_pop, random_off_rates, pres_duration)])
pynn.end()
source_on_spikes = source_on_pop.get_data('spikes').segments[0].spiketrains
source_off_spikes = source_off_pop.get_data('spikes').segments[0].spiketrains
bright_spikes = bright_target_pop.get_data('spikes').segments[0].spiketrains
dark_spikes = dark_target_pop.get_data('spikes').segments[0].spiketrains
return is_bright, source_on_spikes, source_off_spikes, bright_spikes, dark_spikes
def scnn_test(l_cnn, w_cnn, num_test, test, max_rate, dur_test, silence):
p.setup(timestep=1.0, min_delay=1.0, max_delay=3.0)
L = l_cnn
random.seed(0)
input_size = L[0][1]
pops_list = []
pops_list.append(
init_inputlayer(input_size, test[:num_test, :], max_rate, dur_test,
silence))
for l in range(len(w_cnn)):
pops_list.append(
construct_layer(pops_list[l], L[l + 1][0], L[l + 1][1], w_cnn[l]))
result = pops_list[-1][0]
result.record()
p.run((dur_test + silence) * num_test)
spike_result = result.getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
p.end()
spike_result_count = count_spikes(spike_result, 10, num_test, dur_test,
silence)
predict = np.argmax(spike_result_count, axis=0)
# prob = np.exp(spike_result_count)/np.sum(np.exp(spike_result_count), axis=0)
return predict
def runSimGivenStim(stim_type, num_source, num_target, duration, use_stdp,
record_source_spikes, source_rates_params, synapse_to_use,
ff_conn, lat_conn):
"""
For running the simulation and returning the required results.
Arguments: stim_type, 'bright' or 'dark'
num_source, number of cells in the source layers
num_target, number of cells in the target layer
duration, float
use_stdp,
record_source_spikes,
source_rates_params, params for 8 Gamma distributions
synapse_to_use, either STDPMechanism or StaticSynapse
ff_conn, either AllToAllConnector or FixedProbabilityConnector
lat_conn, same as ff_conn but with a different probability, maybe
Returns: target_spikes,
ff_on_weights,
ff_off_weights,
lat_weights,
ff_on_weights_over_time,
ff_off_weights_over_time,
lat_weights_over_time
"""
on_rates, off_rates = getOnOffSourceRates(
num_source,
stim_type,
on_bright_params=args.source_rates_params[0],
on_dark_params=args.source_rates_params[1],
off_bright_params=args.source_rates_params[2],
off_dark_params=args.source_rates_params[3])
source_on_pop = pynn.Population(num_source,
pynn.SpikeSourcePoisson(rate=on_rates),
label='source_on_pop')
source_off_pop = pynn.Population(num_source,
pynn.SpikeSourcePoisson(rate=off_rates),
label='source_off_pop')
target_pop = pynn.Population(num_target,
pynn.IF_cond_exp, {
'i_offset': 0.11,
'tau_refrac': 3.0,
'v_thresh': -51.0
},
label='target_pop')
ff_on_proj = pynn.Projection(source_on_pop,
target_pop,
connector=ff_conn,
synapse_type=synapse_to_use,
receptor_type='excitatory')
ff_off_proj = pynn.Projection(source_off_pop,
target_pop,
connector=ff_conn,
synapse_type=synapse_to_use,
receptor_type='excitatory')
lat_proj = pynn.Projection(target_pop,
target_pop,
connector=lat_conn,
synapse_type=synapse_to_use,
receptor_type='inhibitory')
target_pop.record(['spikes'])
[source_on_pop.record('spikes'),
source_off_pop.record('spikes')] if args.record_source_spikes else None
ff_on_weight_recorder = WeightRecorder(sampling_interval=1.0,
projection=ff_on_proj)
ff_off_weight_recorder = WeightRecorder(sampling_interval=1.0,
projection=ff_off_proj)
lat_weight_recorder = WeightRecorder(sampling_interval=1.0,
projection=lat_proj)
pynn.run(duration,
callbacks=[
ff_on_weight_recorder, ff_off_weight_recorder,
lat_weight_recorder
])
pynn.end()
target_spikes = target_pop.get_data('spikes').segments[0].spiketrains
if record_source_spikes:
source_on_spikes = source_on_pop.get_data(
'spikes').segments[0].spiketrains
source_off_spikes = source_off_pop.get_data(
'spikes').segments[0].spiketrains
ff_on_weights = ff_on_proj.get('weight', format='array')
ff_off_weights = ff_off_proj.get('weight', format='array')
lat_weights = lat_proj.get('weight', format='array')
ff_on_weights_over_time = ff_on_weight_recorder.get_weights()
ff_off_weights_over_time = ff_off_weight_recorder.get_weights()
lat_weights_over_time = lat_weight_recorder.get_weights()
pynn.reset()
return target_spikes, ff_on_weights, ff_off_weights, lat_weights, ff_on_weights_over_time, ff_off_weights_over_time, lat_weights_over_time
pynn.nest.GetStatus([connSTDP[i]])[0]['a_acausal'])
if not timeNow == timeGrid[-1]:
pynn.run(timeStep)
spikes = neuron.getSpikes()
#membrane = neuron.get_v() #for debugging
print('presynaptic spikes (static synapse)')
print(stimSpikes)
print('presynaptic spikes (plastic synapse)')
print(measureSpikes)
print('postsynaptic spikes')
print(spikes)
pynn.end()
#visualization of results
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.figure()
plt.plot(timeGrid, weightList, c='b')
plt.xlabel('Time (ms)')
plt.ylabel('Synaptic weight ($\mu$S)')
plt.legend(['Weight'], loc=2)
plt.twinx()
plt.plot(timeGrid, aCausalList, c='g')
plt.plot(timeGrid, aAnticausalList, c='r')
plt.axhline(aThresh, c='k', ls='--')
plt.ylabel('Charge on capacitor (AU)')
plt.legend(['Causal', 'Anticausal', 'Threshold'], loc=1)
plt.savefig('hw_synapse_nest.png')
cells.recorders["iaf_V"].write("Results/nineml_neuron.V", filter=[cells[0]])
cells.recorders["AMPA_g"].write("Results/nineml_neuron.g_exc", filter=[cells[0]])
cells.recorders["GABAa_g"].write("Results/nineml_neuron.g_gabaA", filter=[cells[0]])
cells.recorders["GABAb_g"].write("Results/nineml_neuron.g_gagaB", filter=[cells[0]])
t = cells.recorders["iaf_V"].get()[:, 1]
v = cells.recorders["iaf_V"].get()[:, 2]
gInhA = cells.recorders["GABAa_g"].get()[:, 2]
gInhB = cells.recorders["GABAb_g"].get()[:, 2]
gExc = cells.recorders["AMPA_g"].get()[:, 2]
import pylab
pylab.subplot(211)
pylab.plot(t, v)
pylab.ylabel("voltage [mV]")
pylab.suptitle("AMPA, GABA_A, GABA_B")
pylab.subplot(212)
pylab.plot(t, gInhA, label="GABA_A")
pylab.plot(t, gInhB, label="GABA_B")
pylab.plot(t, gExc, label="AMPA")
pylab.ylabel("conductance [nS]")
pylab.xlabel("t [ms]")
pylab.legend()
pylab.show()
sim.end()
def simulate(self):
# reset detectors before simulating the next step
nest.nest.SetStatus(self.network.detectors.values(), 'n_events', 0)
nest.run(self.simduration)
nest.end()
plt.title(i)
to_plot = np.reshape(post[:,i], (input_size, input_size))
#to_plot = to_plot - np.reshape(pre[:, i], (input_size, input_size))
img = plt.imshow(to_plot)
#img.set_clim(0, 0.5)#weight_max)
plt.colorbar(img, fraction=0.046, pad=0.04)
#print post[:,0]
spikes = pop_output.getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
#spikes = pop_input.getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
plot_spikes(spikes, "output")
'''
#pop_output.printSpikes('saved/outspikes_%d.txt'%run_i, gather=False, compatible_output=True)
p.end()
# In[ ]:
plt.figure(figsize=(18, 6))
for i in range(num_output):
plt.subplot(2, 5, i + 1)
plt.title(i)
to_plot = np.reshape(post[:, i], (input_size, input_size))
img = plt.imshow(to_plot) #cmap = cm.Greys_r)
plt.colorbar(img, fraction=0.046, pad=0.04)
#spikes = pop_output.getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
#plot_spikes(spikes, "output")
# In[ ]:
def _run_microcircuit(plot_filename, conf):
import plotting
import logging
simulator = conf['simulator']
# we here only need nest as simulator, simulator = 'nest'
import pyNN.nest as sim
# prepare simulation
logging.basicConfig()
# extract parameters from config file
master_seed = conf['params_dict']['nest']['master_seed']
layers = conf['layers']
pops = conf['pops']
plot_spiking_activity = conf['plot_spiking_activity']
raster_t_min = conf['raster_t_min']
raster_t_max = conf['raster_t_max']
frac_to_plot = conf['frac_to_plot']
record_corr = conf['params_dict']['nest']['record_corr']
tau_max = conf['tau_max']
# Numbers of neurons from which to record spikes
n_rec = helper_functions.get_n_rec(conf)
sim.setup(**conf['simulator_params'][simulator])
if simulator == 'nest':
n_vp = sim.nest.GetKernelStatus('total_num_virtual_procs')
if sim.rank() == 0:
print 'n_vp: ', n_vp
print 'master_seed: ', master_seed
sim.nest.SetKernelStatus({'print_time': False,
'dict_miss_is_error': False,
'grng_seed': master_seed,
'rng_seeds': range(master_seed + 1,
master_seed + n_vp + 1),
# PYTHON2.6: FOR WRITING OUTPUT FROM
# RECORDING DEVICES WITH PYNEST FUNCTIONS,
# THE OUTPUT PATH IS NOT AUTOMATICALLY THE
# CWD BUT HAS TO BE SET MANUALLY
'data_path': conf['system_params']['output_path']})
import network
# result of export-files
results = []
# create network
start_netw = time.time()
n = network.Network(sim)
# PYTHON2.6: device_list CONTAINS THE GIDs OF THE SPIKE DETECTORS AND VOLTMETERS
# NEEDED FOR RETRIEVING FILENAMES LATER
device_list = n.setup(sim, conf)
end_netw = time.time()
if sim.rank() == 0:
print 'Creating the network took ', end_netw - start_netw, ' s'
# simulate
if sim.rank() == 0:
print "Simulating..."
start_sim = time.time()
sim.run(conf['simulator_params'][simulator]['sim_duration'])
end_sim = time.time()
if sim.rank() == 0:
print 'Simulation took ', end_sim - start_sim, ' s'
# extract filename from device_list (spikedetector/voltmeter),
# gid of neuron and thread. merge outputs from all threads
# into a single file which is then added to the task output.
# PYTHON2.6: NEEDS TO BE ADAPTED IF NOT RECORDED VIA PYNEST
for dev in device_list:
label = sim.nest.GetStatus(dev)[0]['label']
gid = sim.nest.GetStatus(dev)[0]['global_id']
# use the file extension to distinguish between spike and voltage output
extension = sim.nest.GetStatus(dev)[0]['file_extension']
if extension == 'gdf': # spikes
data = np.empty((0, 2))
elif extension == 'dat': # voltages
data = np.empty((0, 3))
for thread in xrange(conf['simulator_params']['nest']['threads']):
filenames = glob.glob(conf['system_params']['output_path']
+ '%s-*%d-%d.%s' % (label, gid, thread, extension))
assert(len(filenames) == 1), 'Multiple input files found. Use a clean output directory.'
data = np.vstack([data, np.loadtxt(filenames[0])])
# delete original files
os.remove(filenames[0])
order = np.argsort(data[:, 1])
data = data[order]
outputfile_name = 'collected_%s-%d.%s' % (label, gid, extension)
outputfile = open(outputfile_name, 'w')
# the outputfile should have same format as output from NEST.
# i.e., [int, float] for spikes and [int, float, float] for voltages,
# hence we write it line by line and assign the corresponding filetype
if extension == 'gdf': # spikes
for line in data:
outputfile.write('%d\t%.3f\n' % (line[0], line[1]))
outputfile.close()
filetype = 'application/vnd.juelich.nest.spike_times'
elif extension == 'dat': # voltages
for line in data:
outputfile.write('%d\t%.3f\t%.3f\n' % (line[0], line[1], line[2]))
outputfile.close()
filetype = 'application/vnd.juelich.nest.analogue_signal'
res = (outputfile_name, filetype)
results.append(res)
# start_writing = time.time()
# PYTHON2.6: SPIKE AND VOLTAGE FILES ARE CURRENTLY WRITTEN WHEN A SPIKE
# DETECTOR OR A VOLTMETER IS CONNECTED WITH 'to_file': True
# for layer in layers:
# for pop in pops:
# # filename = conf['system_params']['output_path'] + '/spikes_' + layer + pop + '.dat'
# filename = conf['system_params']['output_path'] + 'spikes_' + layer + pop + '.dat'
# n.pops[layer][pop].printSpikes(filename, gather=False)
# # add filename and filepath into results
# subres = (filename, 'application/vnd.juelich.bundle.nest.data')
# results.append(subres)
# if record_v:
# for layer in layers:
# for pop in pops:
# filename = conf['system_params']['output_path'] + '/voltages_' + layer + pop + '.dat'
# n.pops[layer][pop].print_v(filename, gather=False)
if record_corr and simulator == 'nest':
start_corr = time.time()
if sim.nest.GetStatus(n.corr_detector, 'local')[0]:
print 'getting count_covariance on rank ', sim.rank()
cov_all = sim.nest.GetStatus(n.corr_detector, 'count_covariance')[0]
delta_tau = sim.nest.GetStatus(n.corr_detector, 'delta_tau')[0]
cov = {}
for target_layer in np.sort(layers.keys()):
for target_pop in pops:
target_index = conf['structure'][target_layer][target_pop]
cov[target_index] = {}
for source_layer in np.sort(layers.keys()):
for source_pop in pops:
source_index = conf['structure'][source_layer][source_pop]
cov[target_index][source_index] = np.array(list(cov_all[target_index][source_index][::-1])
+ list(cov_all[source_index][target_index][1:]))
f = open(conf['system_params']['output_path'] + '/covariances.dat', 'w')
print >>f, 'tau_max: ', tau_max
print >>f, 'delta_tau: ', delta_tau
print >>f, 'simtime: ', conf['simulator_params'][simulator]['sim_duration'], '\n'
for target_layer in np.sort(layers.keys()):
for target_pop in pops:
target_index = conf['structure'][target_layer][target_pop]
for source_layer in np.sort(layers.keys()):
for source_pop in pops:
source_index = conf['structure'][source_layer][source_pop]
print >>f, target_layer, target_pop, '-', source_layer, source_pop
print >>f, 'n_events_target: ', sim.nest.GetStatus(n.corr_detector, 'n_events')[0][target_index]
print >>f, 'n_events_source: ', sim.nest.GetStatus(n.corr_detector, 'n_events')[0][source_index]
for i in xrange(len(cov[target_index][source_index])):
print >>f, cov[target_index][source_index][i]
print >>f, ''
f.close()
# add file covariances.dat into bundle
res_cov = ('covariances.dat',
'text/plain')
results.append(res_cov)
end_corr = time.time()
print "Writing covariances took ", end_corr - start_corr, " s"
# end_writing = time.time()
# print "Writing data took ", end_writing - start_writing, " s"
if plot_spiking_activity and sim.rank() == 0:
plotting.plot_raster_bars(raster_t_min, raster_t_max, n_rec,
frac_to_plot, n.pops,
conf['system_params']['output_path'],
plot_filename, conf)
res_plot = (plot_filename, 'image/png')
results.append(res_plot)
sim.end()
return results
def main(task_id=0):
"""
Parameters
----------
task_id : int
Identifier for learning task selection:
0 : Pattern association
1 : Mimicking tutor neurons
Returns
-------
rec : record struct
Container for network output / input pattern recordings during
simulation runs.
"""
# === Init. parameters and specify task ==================================
# Seed for random number generator (use 'seed = None' for system clock)
seed = 42
if task_id == 0:
# These parameter choices recreate results in Fig. 5 of
# Gardner & Gruening 2016 (although arbitrary target spikes and exact
# spike precision are used here)
# For 200 inputs and T = 200 ms: ~8.7 seconds wall time for 100 runs
param = values.PatternAssocParam(n_classes=1,
n_patterns_class=1,
n_target_spikes=4,
n_inputs=200,
n_outputs=1,
n_epochs=100,
seed=seed)
learn_task = task.PatternAssociation(param)
elif task_id == 1:
param = values.MimicParam(n_patterns=1,
n_target_spikes=4,
n_inputs=200,
n_outputs=1,
n_epochs=100,
seed=seed)
learn_task = task.Mimicry(param)
else:
# Invalid input argument
raise ValueError('Invalid main argument')
# Initialise simulator
# Must have minimum conductance delay of 0.1 ms, 'off_grid' for
# exact spiking precision
sim.setup(timestep=param.dt,
min_delay=0.1,
spike_precision='off_grid',
verbosity='error')
# === Record ==============================================================
class Record(object):
"""Simulation recordings container"""
def __init__(self, learn_task, param):
# Network error: van Rossum distance
self.err = np.zeros(param.n_epochs)
# Network absolute timing displacements
self.dt_max = np.full(
(param.n_epochs, param.n_patterns, param.n_outputs), np.inf)
# Record weights per epoch for output layer
self.w = np.zeros(
(param.n_epochs, param.n_inputs, param.n_outputs))
if task_id == 1:
# Euclidean distance between actual and tutor weights per epoch
self.w_err = np.empty(param.n_epochs)
rec = Record(learn_task, param)
# === Setup patterns and network ==========================================
# Generate arbitrary input / target patterns
# Parameter choices are: {'uniform', 'poisson'}
learn_task.build_static_patterns('uniform') # Select static input spikes
# learn_task.build_dynamic_patterns('uniform') # Select noisy input spikes
# net = snn.NetworkINST(param, sim) # Select INST learning rule
net = snn.NetworkFILT(param, sim) # Select FILT learning rule
# === Run simulation ======================================================
for i in xrange(param.n_epochs):
# Simulate network
rec.err[i], rec.dt_max[i] = net.learn(learn_task)
# Record weights of output layer
rec.w[i, :, :] = net.w
if task_id == 1:
rec.w_err[i] = np.linalg.norm(net.w - net.w_ref)
# Print progress
epochs_completed = i + 1
if epochs_completed % 50 == 0:
print epochs_completed
# === Gather and plot results =============================================
rec.input = learn_task
if task_id == 1:
rec.w_ref = net.w_ref
# Classification performance
accs = utility.accuracy(rec.dt_max)
# Exponentially-weighted moving average
accs_ewma = utility.ewma_vec(accs, len(accs) / 10.)
# Plots:
utility.plot_error(rec.err) # Distance metric
utility.plot_accuracy(accs_ewma) # Performance metric
# Plots for one pattern:
if param.n_patterns == 1:
rec.output = net.layer_out.get_data()
if task_id == 1:
rec.output_ref = net.layer_out_ref.get_data()
rec.spikes_ref = [
Sequence(np.array(spikes_ref))
for spikes_ref in rec.output_ref.segments[-1].spiketrains
]
else:
rec.spikes_ref = learn_task.pattern_target[-1].spike_trains
# utility.plot_signal(rec.output) # Voltage trace (default last epoch)
# plt.plot(rec.w[:, :, 0]) # Plot evolution of first output neuron's synaptic weights
# plt.hist(rec.w[-1, :, 0]) # Plot histogram of first output neuron's synaptic weights
# utility.plot_spikepattern(rec.input.pattern_input[0].spike_trains, rec.input.param.T) # Plot an input pattern
utility.plot_spiker(
rec.output, rec.spikes_ref,
neuron_index=0) # Spike raster of given output neuron
# if task_id == 1:
# # Plot Euclidean distance between actual and tutor weights
# plt.plot(rec.w_err)
# === End simulation ======================================================
sim.end()
return rec
sim.Projection(source,
pop_curr_exp,
connector=sim.FromListConnector([(0, 0, 2.0, 0.1)]))
sim.Projection(source,
pop_curr_alpha,
connector=sim.FromListConnector([(0, 0, 2.0, 0.1)]))
sim.Projection(source,
pop_cond_exp,
connector=sim.FromListConnector([(0, 0, 0.1, 0.1)]))
sim.Projection(source,
pop_cond_alpha,
connector=sim.FromListConnector([(0, 0, 0.1, 0.1)]))
sim.run(1000.0);
print "Current based exponential LIF neuron"
print pop_curr_exp.get_data().segments[0].spiketrains
print "Current based alpha LIF neuron"
print pop_curr_alpha.get_data().segments[0].spiketrains
print "Conductance based exponential LIF neuron"
print pop_cond_exp.get_data().segments[0].spiketrains
print "Conductance based alpha LIF neuron"
print pop_cond_alpha.get_data().segments[0].spiketrains
sim.end();
#############################
layer = 0
population_on = lgn_on_populations[layer]
population_off = lgn_off_populations[layer]
population_on.record('spikes')
population_off.record('spikes')
#############################
# Run model
#############################
simulator.run(t) # Run the simulations for t ms
simulator.end()
#############################
# Extract the data
#############################
data_on = population_on.get_data() # Creates a Neo Block
data_off = population_off.get_data()
segment_on = data_on.segments[0] # Takes the first segment
segment_off = data_off.segments[0]
# Plot spike trains
def plot_spiketrains(segment):
"""
Plots the spikes of all the cells in the given segments
def run(a_state):
output_base = "out/"
spike_count_filename = "gpi_spike_count.dat"
weight_filename = conn_filename # filename, from which the cortex - striatum connections are read
spike_count_full_filename = output_base + spike_count_filename
#active_state = int(sys.argv[1])
active_state = a_state
#Model of the basal ganglia D1 and D1 pathways. States and actions are populations coded.
pyNN.utility.init_logging(None, debug=True)
sim.setup(time_step)
# cell class for all neurons in the network
# (on HMF can be one of IF_cond_exp, EIF_cond_exp_isfa_ista)
cellclass = sim.IF_cond_exp
# #############
# POPULATIONS
# #############
#CORTEX input population: N states, poisson inputs
#?assemblies of m_actions populations or dictionnary of populations?
#STRIATUM 2 populations of M actions, D1 and D2
#GPi/SNr 1 population of M actions, baseline firing rate driven by external poisson inputs
cortex = [
sim.Population(n_cortex_cells, cellclass, neuron_parameters, label="CORTEX_{}".format(i))
for i in xrange(n_states)]
cortex_assembly = sim.Assembly(
*cortex,
label="CORTEX")
# independent Poisson input to cortex populations.
# /active_state/ determines, which population receives
# a different firing rate
cortex_input = []
for i in xrange(n_states):
if i == active_state:
rate = active_state_rate
else:
rate = inactive_state_rate
new_input = sim.Population(
n_cortex_cells,
sim.SpikeSourcePoisson,
{'rate': rate},
label="STATE_INPUT_" + str(i))
sim.Projection(
new_input,
cortex[i],
sim.OneToOneConnector(),
sim.StaticSynapse(weight=cortex_input_weight, delay=cortex_input_delay)
)
cortex_input.append(new_input)
#print 'cortex ok'
# striatum:
# exciatatory populations
striatum_d1 = [
sim.Population(n_msns, cellclass, neuron_parameters, label="D1_{}".format(i))
for i in xrange(m_actions)]
# inhibitory populations
striatum_d2 = [
sim.Population(n_msns, cellclass, neuron_parameters, label="D2_{}".format(i))
for i in xrange(m_actions)]
# Striatum D2->D2 and D1->D1 lateral inhibition
for lat_inh_source in xrange(m_actions):
for lat_inh_target in xrange(m_actions):
if lat_inh_source == lat_inh_target:
continue
sim.Projection(
striatum_d1[lat_inh_source],
striatum_d1[lat_inh_target],
sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(
d1_lat_inh_prob),
sim.StaticSynapse(
weight=d1_lat_inh_weight,
delay=d1_lat_inh_delay),
receptor_type="inhibitory",
label="d1_lateral_inhibition_{}_{}".format(
lat_inh_source, lat_inh_target))
sim.Projection(
striatum_d2[lat_inh_source],
striatum_d2[lat_inh_target],
sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(
d2_lat_inh_prob),
sim.StaticSynapse(
weight=d2_lat_inh_weight,
delay=d2_lat_inh_delay),
receptor_type="inhibitory",
label="d2_lateral_inhibition_{}_{}".format(
lat_inh_source, lat_inh_target))
striatum_assembly = sim.Assembly(
*(striatum_d1 + striatum_d2),
label="STRIATUM")
#gids_cortex= []
#gids_d1= []
#gids_d2= []
#for s in xrange(n_states):
# gids_cortex.append([gid for gid in cortex_assembly.get_population("CORTEX_"+str(s)).all()])
#for a in xrange(m_actions):
# gids_d1.append([gid1 for gid1 in striatum_assembly.get_population("D1_"+str(a)).all()])
# gids_d2.append([gid2 for gid2 in striatum_assembly.get_population("D2_"+str(a)).all()])
#for i in xrange(0,3):
# print i, 'len cortex ', len(gids_cortex[i]), 'unique ', len(np.unique(gids_cortex[i]))
# print i, 'len d1', len(gids_d1[i]), 'unique ', len(np.unique(gids_d1[i]))
# print i, 'len d2', len(gids_d2[i]), 'unique ', len(np.unique(gids_d2[i]))
#print "striatum ok"
#for i in xrange(0,3):
# print np.unique(gids_cortex[i])
# gids_cortex[i][:]-=3
#if init:
# init_w(gids_cortex, gids_d1, gids_d2)
# cortex - striatum connection, all-to-all using loaded weights
cs = sim.Projection(
cortex_assembly,
striatum_assembly,
#sim.AllToAllConnector(),
#sim.StaticSynapse(
# weight=wd1,
# delay=ctx_strd1_delay))
sim.FromFileConnector(
weight_filename))
gpi = [
sim.Population(n_gpi, cellclass, neuron_parameters,
label="GPI_{}".format(i))
for i in xrange(m_actions)
]
gpi_assembly = sim.Assembly(
*gpi,
label="GPi")
# external Poisson input to GPi
gpi_input = sim.Population(
m_actions * n_gpi,
sim.SpikeSourcePoisson,
dict(
duration=sim_duration,
rate=gpi_external_rate,
start=0.),
label="GPI_EXT_INPUT")
sim.Projection(
gpi_input,
gpi_assembly,
sim.OneToOneConnector(),
sim.StaticSynapse(
weight=gpi_external_weight,
delay= gpi_external_delay))
# striatum - gpi connections
for i in xrange(m_actions):
gpi_p = sim.Projection(
striatum_d1[i],
gpi[i],
sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(d1_gpi_prob),
sim.StaticSynapse( weight=d1_gpi_weight, delay = d1_gpi_delay))
sim.Projection(
striatum_d2[i],
gpi[i],
sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(d2_gpi_prob),
sim.StaticSynapse(weight=d2_gpi_weight, delay=d2_gpi_delay),
#target="inhibitory")
receptor_type="inhibitory")
#print gpi_p.get('weight', format='list')
cortex_assembly.record('spikes')
striatum_assembly.record('spikes')
gpi_assembly.record('spikes')
#print 'sim start'
sim.run(sim_duration)
sim.end()
label = "CORTEX_0"
#print 'cortex get pop', cortex_assembly.get_population(label)
#print 'cortex describe', cortex_assembly.describe()
#cortex_assembly.write_data("spikes")
#cortex_assembly.get_population(label).write_data("spikes")
#spikes = gpi_assembly #get_data("spikes", gather=True)
# print "getdata spikes", spikes
# print 'spikes.segment', spikes.segments
#print 'spikes.segments.SpikeTrains', spikes.segments.spike
#save_spikes(cortex_assembly, output_base, "cortex.dat")
#save_spikes(striatum_d1, output_base, "striatum_d1.dat")
#save_spikes(striatum_d2, output_base, "striatum_d2.dat")
#save_spikes(gpi, output_base, "gpi.dat")
#output_rates = np.array(
# [len(i.getSpikes()) for i in gpi])
#np.savetxt(spike_count_full_filename, output_rates)
# for seg in cortex_assembly.segments:
# print("Analyzing segment %d" % seg.index)
# stlist = [st - st.t_start for st in seg.spiketrains]
# plt.figure()
# count, bins = np.histogram(stlist)
# plt.bar(bins[:-1], count, width=bins[1] - bins[0])
# plt.title("PSTH in segment %d" % seg.index)
cortex_mean_spikes = np.zeros(n_states)
gpi_mean_spikes = np.zeros(m_actions)
d1_mean_spikes = np.zeros(m_actions)
d2_mean_spikes = np.zeros(m_actions)
for i in xrange(n_states):
cortex_mean_spikes[i] = cortex_assembly.get_population("CORTEX_"+str(i)).mean_spike_count()
for i in xrange(m_actions):
gpi_mean_spikes[i] = gpi_assembly.get_population("GPI_"+str(i)).mean_spike_count()
d1_mean_spikes[i] = striatum_assembly.get_population("D1_"+str(i)).mean_spike_count()
d2_mean_spikes[i] = striatum_assembly.get_population("D2_"+str(i)).mean_spike_count()
print 'CORTEX ', cortex_mean_spikes
print 'D1', d1_mean_spikes
print 'D2', d2_mean_spikes
return gpi_mean_spikes
def estimate_kb(cell_params_lif):
cell_para = copy.deepcopy(cell_params_lif)
random.seed(0)
p.setup(timestep=1.0, min_delay=1.0, max_delay=16.0)
run_s = 10.
runtime = 1000. * run_s
max_rate = 1000.
ee_connector = p.OneToOneConnector(weights=1.0, delays=2.0)
pop_list = []
pop_output = []
pop_source = []
x = np.arange(0., 1.01, 0.1)
count = 0
trail = 10
for i in x:
for j in range(trail): #trails for average
pop_output.append(p.Population(1, p.IF_curr_exp, cell_para))
poisson_spikes = mu.poisson_generator(i * max_rate, 0, runtime)
pop_source.append(
p.Population(1, p.SpikeSourceArray,
{'spike_times': poisson_spikes}))
p.Projection(pop_source[count],
pop_output[count],
ee_connector,
target='excitatory')
pop_output[count].record()
count += 1
count = 0
for i in x:
cell_para['i_offset'] = i
pop_list.append(p.Population(1, p.IF_curr_exp, cell_para))
pop_list[count].record()
count += 1
pop_list[count - 1].record_v()
p.run(runtime)
rate_I = np.zeros(count)
rate_P = np.zeros(count)
rate_P_max = np.zeros(count)
rate_P_min = np.ones(count) * 1000.
for i in range(count):
spikes = pop_list[i].getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
rate_I[i] = len(spikes) / run_s
for j in range(trail):
spikes = pop_output[i * trail +
j].getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
spike_num = len(spikes) / run_s
rate_P[i] += spike_num
if spike_num > rate_P_max[i]:
rate_P_max[i] = spike_num
if spike_num < rate_P_min[i]:
rate_P_min[i] = spike_num
rate_P[i] /= trail
'''
#plot_spikes(spikes, 'Current = 10. mA')
plt.plot(x, rate_I, label='current',)
plt.plot(x, rate_P, label='Poisson input')
plt.fill_between(x, rate_P_min, rate_P_max, facecolor = 'green', alpha=0.3)
'''
x0 = np.where(rate_P > 1.)[0][0]
x1 = 4
k = (rate_P[x1] - rate_P[x0]) / (x[x1] - x[x0])
'''
plt.plot(x, k*(x-x[x0])+rate_P[x0], label='linear')
plt.legend(loc='upper left', shadow=True)
plt.grid('on')
plt.show()
'''
p.end()
return k, x[x0], rate_P[x0]
def tearDown(self):
import pyNN.nest as sim
sim.end()
def estimate_kb(cell_params_lif):
cell_para = copy.deepcopy(cell_params_lif)
random.seed(0)
p.setup(timestep=1.0, min_delay=1.0, max_delay=16.0)
run_s = 10.
runtime = 1000. * run_s
max_rate = 1000.
ee_connector = p.OneToOneConnector(weights=1.0, delays=2.0)
pop_list = []
pop_output = []
pop_source = []
x = np.arange(0., 1.01, 0.1)
count = 0
trail = 10
for i in x:
for j in range(trail): #trails for average
pop_output.append(p.Population(1, p.IF_curr_exp, cell_para))
poisson_spikes = mu.poisson_generator(i*max_rate, 0, runtime)
pop_source.append( p.Population(1, p.SpikeSourceArray, {'spike_times' : poisson_spikes}) )
p.Projection(pop_source[count], pop_output[count], ee_connector, target='excitatory')
pop_output[count].record()
count += 1
count = 0
for i in x:
cell_para['i_offset'] = i
pop_list.append(p.Population(1, p.IF_curr_exp, cell_para))
pop_list[count].record()
count += 1
pop_list[count-1].record_v()
p.run(runtime)
rate_I = np.zeros(count)
rate_P = np.zeros(count)
rate_P_max = np.zeros(count)
rate_P_min = np.ones(count) * 1000.
for i in range(count):
spikes = pop_list[i].getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
rate_I[i] = len(spikes)/run_s
for j in range(trail):
spikes = pop_output[i*trail+j].getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
spike_num = len(spikes)/run_s
rate_P[i] += spike_num
if spike_num > rate_P_max[i]:
rate_P_max[i] = spike_num
if spike_num < rate_P_min[i]:
rate_P_min[i] = spike_num
rate_P[i] /= trail
'''
#plot_spikes(spikes, 'Current = 10. mA')
plt.plot(x, rate_I, label='current',)
plt.plot(x, rate_P, label='Poisson input')
plt.fill_between(x, rate_P_min, rate_P_max, facecolor = 'green', alpha=0.3)
'''
x0 = np.where(rate_P>1.)[0][0]
x1 = 4
k = (rate_P[x1] - rate_P[x0])/(x[x1]-x[x0])
'''
plt.plot(x, k*(x-x[x0])+rate_P[x0], label='linear')
plt.legend(loc='upper left', shadow=True)
plt.grid('on')
plt.show()
'''
p.end()
return k, x[x0], rate_P[x0]
aAnticausalList.append(pynn.nest.GetStatus([connSTDP[i]])[0]['a_acausal'])
if not timeNow == timeGrid[-1]:
pynn.run(timeStep)
spikes = neuron.getSpikes()
#membrane = neuron.get_v() #for debugging
print 'presynaptic spikes (static synapse)'
print stimSpikes
print 'presynaptic spikes (plastic synapse)'
print measureSpikes
print 'postsynaptic spikes'
print spikes
pynn.end()
#visualization of results
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.figure()
plt.plot(timeGrid, weightList, c='b')
plt.xlabel('Time (ms)')
plt.ylabel('Synaptic weight ($\mu$S)')
plt.legend(['Weight'], loc=2)
plt.twinx()
plt.plot(timeGrid, aCausalList, c='g')
plt.plot(timeGrid, aAnticausalList, c='r')
plt.axhline(aThresh, c='k', ls='--')
plt.ylabel('Charge on capacitor (AU)')
plt.legend(['Causal', 'Anticausal', 'Threshold'], loc=1)
plt.savefig('hw_synapse_nest.png')
p.Projection(pop_output, pop_output, p.FromListConnector(conn_list), target='inhibitory')
pop_output.record()
#print strftime("------%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", gmtime()), test_offset
start = time.time()
p.run(num_test*(dur_test+silence))
end = time.time()
b_time = num_test*(dur_test+silence)
sim_str = 'test time:%.4f s, biology time:%d ms\n'%(end-start, b_time)
print sim_str
#f=open('log_nest.txt','a')
#f.write(sim_str)
#f.close()
spikes = pop_output.getSpikes(compatible_output=True)
plot_spikes(spikes,'Output Spikes of Decision Neurons')
p.end()
spike_count = list()
for i in range(num_output):
index_i = np.where(spikes[:,0] == i)
spike_train = spikes[index_i, 1]
temp = np.histogram(spike_train, bins=range(0, (dur_test+silence)*num_test+1,dur_test+silence))[0]
spike_count.append(temp)
spike_group = list()
for i in range(num_digit):
for j in range(num_cluster):
if j == 0:
temp = spike_count[i*num_cluster]
else:
temp = temp + spike_count[i*num_cluster+j]
def end(self):
sim.end()
# Current
noise = simulator.NoisyCurrentSource(mean=0, stdev=8.0, start=1.0, stop=400.0, dt=1.0)
for i in xrange(N_retina):
noise.inject_into(retinal_neurons[[i]])
#current = simulator.DCSource(amplitude=3.5, start=1.0, stop=400.0) # Create the current
#currentt.inject_into(retinal_neurons) # Inject the current
# Record the voltage
retinal_neurons.record('v')
lgn_neurons.record(['v', 'spikes'])
# Run the simulation
simulator.run(t) # Run the simulations for t ms
simulator.end()
# Extract the data
retinal_data = retinal_neurons.get_data()
retinal_segments = retinal_data.segments[0]
retinal_array = retinal_segments.analogsignalarrays[0]
lgn_data = lgn_neurons.get_data()
lgn_segments = lgn_data.segments[0]
lgn_array = lgn_segments.analogsignalarrays[0]
# Get spikes
lgn_spikes = lgn_segments.spiketrains[0] # Get the spikes
y = np.ones_like(lgn_spikes)
spike_times = np.zeros(lgn_spikes.size)
"""
Two Fruit Test
Fruits:
1: Banana, 0;
2: Apple, 0.
Chair:
1: 2
"""
import pyNN.nest as sim
from monkeyProblem import MonekyProblem
sim.setup(timestep=1.0,min_delay=1.0,max_delay=1.0, debug=0)
#mp = MonekyProblem(sim, "spinnaker")
mp = MonekyProblem(sim, "nest")
mp.narc.addFact("chairAt", (2,))
mp.narc.addFact("fruit", ("banana",0))
mp.narc.addFact("fruit", ("apple",0))
mp.narc.apply()
sim.run(200)
mp.printSpikes()
sim.end()
def model(self, sim_index=0, sim_params=None, cell_params=None):
if sim_params is None :
sim_params = self.sim_params
if cell_params is None:
cell_params = self.cell_params
# === Build the network =========================================================
sim.setup(timestep=0.1)#, threads=4)#dt=sim_params['dt'])
python_rng = rng(seed=self.seed)
#--setting up nodes and neurons--
#tuning_function = lambda i, j, B, N : np.exp((np.cos(2.*((i-j)/N*np.pi))-1)/(B*np.pi/180)**2)
N_in = int(sim_params['nb_neurons']*sim_params['p'])
self.spike_source = sim.Population(N_in, sim.SpikeSourcePoisson(rate=sim_params['input_rate'], duration=sim_params['simtime']))
if True: #not sim_params['b_input'] == np.inf:
angle = 1. * np.arange(N_in)
rates = self.tuning_function(angle, sim_params['angle_input']/180.*N_in, sim_params['b_input'], N_in)
rates /= rates.mean()
rates *= sim_params['input_rate']
# print(rates)
for i, cell in enumerate(self.spike_source):
cell.set_parameters(rate=rates[i])
if sim_params['neuron_model'] == 'cond_exp':
model = sim.IF_cond_exp
elif sim_params['neuron_model'] == 'cond_alpha':
model = sim.IF_cond_alpha
E_neurons = sim.Population(N_in,
model(**cell_params),
initial_values={'v': rnd('uniform', (sim_params['v_init_min'], sim_params['v_init_max']))},
label="NE")
I_neurons = sim.Population(sim_params['nb_neurons'] - N_in,
model(**cell_params),
initial_values={'v': rnd('uniform', (sim_params['v_init_min'], sim_params['v_init_max']))},
label="NI")
#
# if sim_params['neuron_model'] == 'cond_alpha':
# E_neurons = sim.Population(int(sim_params['nb_neurons'] * sim_params['p']),
# sim.IF_cond_alpha(**cell_params),
# initial_values={'v': rnd('uniform', (sim_params['v_init_min'], sim_params['v_init_max']))},
# label="NE")
#
# I_neurons = sim.Population(sim_params['nb_neurons'] - int(sim_params['nb_neurons'] * sim_params['p']),
# sim.IF_cond_alpha(**cell_params),
# initial_values={'v': rnd('uniform', (sim_params['v_init_min'], sim_params['v_init_max']))},
# label="NI")
#--Setting up connections and optional injections--
if self.source == 'sweep':
sweep = sim.DCSource(amplitude=0.1, start=250.0, stop=500.0)
sweep.inject_into(E_neurons)
input_exc = sim.Projection(self.spike_source, E_neurons,
#connector=sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(sim_params['c_input_exc'], rng=python_rng),
#synapse_type=syn['input_exc'],
#receptor_type='excitatory')
sim.OneToOneConnector(),
sim.StaticSynapse(weight=sim_params['w_input_exc'], delay=sim_params['s_input_exc'])
)
# syn['input_exc'])
conn_types = ['exc_inh', 'inh_exc', 'exc_exc', 'inh_inh'] #connection types
syn = {}
proj = {}
for conn_type in conn_types :
weight = sim_params['w_{}'.format(conn_type)]
delay=sim_params['s_{}'.format(conn_type)]
syn[conn_type] = sim.StaticSynapse(delay=delay)#weight=weight,
if conn_type[:3]=='exc':
pre_neurons = E_neurons
receptor_type='excitatory'
else:
pre_neurons = I_neurons
receptor_type='inhibitory'
if conn_type[-3:]=='exc':
post_neurons = E_neurons
else:
post_neurons = I_neurons
sparseness = sim_params['c_{}'.format(conn_type)]
proj[conn_type] = sim.Projection(pre_neurons, post_neurons,
connector=sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(sparseness, rng=python_rng),
synapse_type=syn[conn_type],
receptor_type=receptor_type)
bw = sim_params['b_{}'.format(conn_type)]
angle_pre = 1. * np.arange(proj[conn_type].pre.size)
angle_post = 1. * np.arange(proj[conn_type].post.size)
w_ij = self.tuning_function(angle_pre[:, np.newaxis], angle_post[np.newaxis, :], bw, N_in)*weight
proj[conn_type].set(weight=w_ij)
# exc_inh = sim.Projection(E_neurons, I_neurons,
# connector=sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(sim_params['c_exc_inh'], rng=python_rng),
# synapse_type=syn['exc_inh'],
# receptor_type='excitatory')
#
# inh_exc = sim.Projection(I_neurons, E_neurons,
# connector=sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(sim_params['c_inh_exc'], rng=python_rng),
# synapse_type=syn['inh_exc'],
# receptor_type='inhibitory')
#
# exc_exc = sim.Projection(E_neurons, E_neurons,
# connector=sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(sim_params['c_exc_exc'], rng=python_rng),
# synapse_type=syn['exc_exc'],
# receptor_type='excitatory')
#
# inh_inh = sim.Projection(I_neurons, I_neurons,
# connector=sim.FixedProbabilityConnector(sim_params['c_inh_inh'], rng=python_rng),
# synapse_type=syn['inh_inh'],
# receptor_type='inhibitory')
#
# v = locals()
# for conn_type in conn_types :
# proj = v['{}'.format(conn_type)]
# if not bw == np.inf:
# angle_pre = 1. * np.arange(proj.pre.size)
# angle_post = 1. * np.arange(proj.post.size)
# w = tuning_function(angle_pre[:, np.newaxis], angle_post[np.newaxis, :], bw, N_in)*w
# proj.set(weight=w)
#
#--setting up recording--
self.spike_source.record('spikes')
E_neurons.record('spikes')
I_neurons.record('spikes')
# === Run simulation ============================================================
sim.run(sim_params['simtime'])
# === Save ROI data and CV computing ============================================
spikesE = E_neurons.get_data().segments[0]
spikesI = I_neurons.get_data().segments[0]
self.spikesP = self.spike_source.get_data().segments[0]
self.spikesE = spikesE
self.spikesI = spikesI
#------- computing cv -------
all_CVs = np.array([])
for st in spikesE.spiketrains :
all_CVs = np.append(all_CVs, SpikeTrain(np.array(st)).cv_isi())
for st in spikesI.spiketrains :
all_CVs = np.append(all_CVs, SpikeTrain(np.array(st)).cv_isi())
#-----------------------------
megadico = sim_params.copy()
megadico.update(cell_params.copy())
megadico.update({'m_f_rateE': E_neurons.mean_spike_count()})
megadico.update({'m_f_rateI': I_neurons.mean_spike_count()})
megadico.update({'m_f_rate' : (E_neurons.mean_spike_count()*sim_params['p'] + I_neurons.mean_spike_count()*(1-sim_params['p']))*1000.0/sim_params['simtime']})
megadico.update({'cv' : np.nanmean(all_CVs)})
# === Clearing and return data ==================================================
sim.end()
df = ps.DataFrame(data = megadico, index = [sim_index])
return df, spikesE, spikesI
def _run_microcircuit(plot_filename, conf):
import plotting
import logging
simulator = conf['simulator']
# we here only need nest as simulator, simulator = 'nest'
import pyNN.nest as sim
# prepare simulation
logging.basicConfig()
# extract parameters from config file
master_seed = conf['params_dict']['nest']['master_seed']
layers = conf['layers']
pops = conf['pops']
plot_spiking_activity = conf['plot_spiking_activity']
raster_t_min = conf['raster_t_min']
raster_t_max = conf['raster_t_max']
frac_to_plot = conf['frac_to_plot']
record_corr = conf['params_dict']['nest']['record_corr']
tau_max = conf['tau_max']
# Numbers of neurons from which to record spikes
n_rec = helper_functions.get_n_rec(conf)
sim.setup(**conf['simulator_params'][simulator])
if simulator == 'nest':
n_vp = sim.nest.GetKernelStatus('total_num_virtual_procs')
if sim.rank() == 0:
print 'n_vp: ', n_vp
print 'master_seed: ', master_seed
sim.nest.SetKernelStatus({'print_time': False,
'dict_miss_is_error': False,
'grng_seed': master_seed,
'rng_seeds': range(master_seed + 1,
master_seed + n_vp + 1),
'data_path': conf['system_params'] \
['output_path']})
import network
# result of export-files
results = []
# create network
start_netw = time.time()
n = network.Network(sim)
# contains the GIDs of the spike detectors and voltmeters needed for
# retrieving filenames later
device_list = n.setup(sim, conf)
end_netw = time.time()
if sim.rank() == 0:
print 'Creating the network took ', end_netw - start_netw, ' s'
# simulate
if sim.rank() == 0:
print "Simulating..."
start_sim = time.time()
sim.run(conf['simulator_params'][simulator]['sim_duration'])
end_sim = time.time()
if sim.rank() == 0:
print 'Simulation took ', end_sim - start_sim, ' s'
# extract filename from device_list (spikedetector/voltmeter),
# gid of neuron and thread. merge outputs from all threads
# into a single file which is then added to the task output.
for dev in device_list:
label = sim.nest.GetStatus(dev)[0]['label']
gid = sim.nest.GetStatus(dev)[0]['global_id']
# use the file extension to distinguish between spike and voltage
# output
extension = sim.nest.GetStatus(dev)[0]['file_extension']
if extension == 'gdf': # spikes
data = np.empty((0, 2))
elif extension == 'dat': # voltages
data = np.empty((0, 3))
for thread in xrange(conf['simulator_params']['nest']['threads']):
filenames = glob.glob(conf['system_params']['output_path']
+ '%s-*%d-%d.%s' % (label, gid, thread, extension))
assert(
len(filenames) == 1), 'Multiple input files found. Use a clean output directory.'
data = np.vstack([data, np.loadtxt(filenames[0])])
# delete original files
os.remove(filenames[0])
order = np.argsort(data[:, 1])
data = data[order]
outputfile_name = 'collected_%s-%d.%s' % (label, gid, extension)
outputfile = open(outputfile_name, 'w')
# the outputfile should have same format as output from NEST.
# i.e., [int, float] for spikes and [int, float, float] for voltages,
# hence we write it line by line and assign the corresponding filetype
if extension == 'gdf': # spikes
for line in data:
outputfile.write('%d\t%.3f\n' % (line[0], line[1]))
outputfile.close()
filetype = 'application/vnd.juelich.nest.spike_times'
elif extension == 'dat': # voltages
for line in data:
outputfile.write(
'%d\t%.3f\t%.3f\n' % (line[0], line[1], line[2]))
outputfile.close()
filetype = 'application/vnd.juelich.nest.analogue_signal'
res = (outputfile_name, filetype)
results.append(res)
if record_corr and simulator == 'nest':
start_corr = time.time()
if sim.nest.GetStatus(n.corr_detector, 'local')[0]:
print 'getting count_covariance on rank ', sim.rank()
cov_all = sim.nest.GetStatus(
n.corr_detector, 'count_covariance')[0]
delta_tau = sim.nest.GetStatus(n.corr_detector, 'delta_tau')[0]
cov = {}
for target_layer in np.sort(layers.keys()):
for target_pop in pops:
target_index = conf['structure'][target_layer][target_pop]
cov[target_index] = {}
for source_layer in np.sort(layers.keys()):
for source_pop in pops:
source_index = conf['structure'][
source_layer][source_pop]
cov[target_index][source_index] = \
np.array(list(
cov_all[target_index][source_index][::-1])
+ list(cov_all[source_index][target_index][1:]))
f = open(conf['system_params'][
'output_path'] + '/covariances.dat', 'w')
print >>f, 'tau_max: ', tau_max
print >>f, 'delta_tau: ', delta_tau
print >>f, 'simtime: ', conf['simulator_params'][
simulator]['sim_duration'], '\n'
for target_layer in np.sort(layers.keys()):
for target_pop in pops:
target_index = conf['structure'][target_layer][target_pop]
for source_layer in np.sort(layers.keys()):
for source_pop in pops:
source_index = conf['structure'][
source_layer][source_pop]
print >>f, target_layer, target_pop, '-', source_layer, source_pop
print >>f, 'n_events_target: ', sim.nest.GetStatus(
n.corr_detector, 'n_events')[0][target_index]
print >>f, 'n_events_source: ', sim.nest.GetStatus(
n.corr_detector, 'n_events')[0][source_index]
for i in xrange(len(cov[target_index][source_index])):
print >>f, cov[target_index][source_index][i]
print >>f, ''
f.close()
# add file covariances.dat into bundle
res_cov = ('covariances.dat',
'text/plain')
results.append(res_cov)
end_corr = time.time()
print "Writing covariances took ", end_corr - start_corr, " s"
if plot_spiking_activity and sim.rank() == 0:
plotting.plot_raster_bars(raster_t_min, raster_t_max, n_rec,
frac_to_plot, n.pops,
conf['system_params']['output_path'],
plot_filename, conf)
res_plot = (plot_filename, 'image/png')
results.append(res_plot)
sim.end()
return results
from network_builder import createCooperativeNetwork, createSpikeSource from plotter import plotSimulationResults from network_parameters import * # setup timestep of simulation and minimum and maximum synaptic delays setup(timestep=0.1, min_delay=0.1, max_delay=5.0) # 3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,16,17, # create a spike sources firing at specific spiking times spikingTimingLeft = [ [[20, 100, 101, 110, 130], [14, 19, 20,30,40,50, 90, 200.6], [90, 100.5], [100.5], [100.5], [100.5]] ] retinaLeft = createSpikeSource(dx = dimensionRetinaX, dy = dimensionRetinaY, timing = spikingTimingLeft, labelSS = "Left Retina") spikingTimingRight = [ [[2,3,4,5,6, 500.5], [18, 100, 100.6], [ 15, 100, 110, 120, 130], [100.5], [1000.5], [1000.5]] ] retinaRight = createSpikeSource(dx = dimensionRetinaX, dy = dimensionRetinaY, timing = spikingTimingRight, labelSS = "Right Retina") # create network and attach the spike sources ## TODO: Change to dz= disparityMax when advanced configuration and connections are implemented network = createCooperativeNetwork(dx = dimensionRetinaX, dy = dimensionRetinaY, dz = dimensionRetinaX, spikeSourceL = retinaLeft, spikeSourceR = retinaRight) # run simulation for time in milliseconds simulationTime = 30.0 run(simulationTime) # plot results s plotSimulationResults(network, retinaLeft, retinaRight, int(simulationTime), layer=0) # finalise program and simulation end()
