示例#1
0
文件: demo15.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_15():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 15 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Type
    #                 VLAN ID
    #                 Input Port
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv4
    vlan_id = 100
    input_port = 3

    # --- Flow Actions: Push VLAN: Ethernet Type
    #                   Set Field: VLAN ID
    #                   Output:    Port Number
    push_eth_type = ETH_TYPE_DOT1AD  # 802.1ad VLAN tagged frame
    push_vlan_id = 200
    output_port = 5

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                VLAN ID (%s)\n"
           "                Input Port (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), vlan_id, input_port))
    print ("        Action: Push VLAN (Ethernet Type=%s)" %
           (hex(push_eth_type)))
    print ("                Set Field (VLAN ID=%s)" %
           (push_vlan_id))
    print ("                Output (to Physical Port Number %s)" %
           (output_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    flow_entry.set_flow_name(flow_name="Push VLAN")
    table_id = 0
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_id = 22
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1013)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie(cookie=407)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie_mask(cookie_mask=255)
    flow_entry.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=3400)
    flow_entry.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=3400)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Actions:     'PushVlan'
    #                  'SetField'
    #                  'Output'
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = PushVlanHeaderAction(order=0)
    action.set_eth_type(eth_type=push_eth_type)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    action = SetFieldAction(order=1)
    action.set_vlan_id(vid=push_vlan_id)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    action = OutputAction(order=2, port=output_port)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   Ethernet Source Address
    #                   Ethernet Destination Address
    #                   Input Port
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_vlan_id(vlan_id)
    match.set_in_port(in_port=input_port)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#2
0
文件: demo16.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_16():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 16 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Type
    #                 IPv6 Source Address
    #                 IPv6 Destination Address
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv6
    ipv6_src = "fe80::2acf:e9ff:fe21:6431/128"
    ipv6_dst = "aabb:1234:2acf:e9ff::fe21:6431/64"

    # --- Flow Actions: Output (CONTROLLER)
    output_port = "CONTROLLER"

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Destination Address (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), ipv6_src, ipv6_dst))
    print ("        Action: Output (to %s)" %
           (output_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    fname = "match=ipv6_src,ipv6_dst;actions=output:Controller"
    flow_entry.set_flow_name(flow_name=fname)
    table_id = 0
    flow_id = 23
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1014)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie(cookie=408)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie_mask(cookie_mask=255)
    flow_entry.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=3400)
    flow_entry.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=3400)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Actions:     'Output'
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = OutputAction(order=0, port=output_port)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   IPv6 Source Address
    #                   IPv6 Destination Address
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_ipv6_src(ipv6_src)
    match.set_ipv6_dst(ipv6_dst)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#3
0
文件: demo7.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_7():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 7 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Source Address
    #                 Ethernet  Destination Address
    #                 IPv4 Source Address
    #                 IPv4 Destination Address
    #                 Input Port
    #     NOTE: Ethernet type must be 2048 (0x800) -> IPv4 protocol
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv4
    eth_src = "00:1a:1b:00:22:aa"
    eth_dst = "00:2b:00:60:ff:f1"
    ipv4_src = "44.44.44.1/24"
    ipv4_dst = "55.55.55.1/16"
    input_port = 13

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                Ethernet Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                Ethernet Destination Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv4 Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv4 Destination Address (%s)\n"
           "                Input Port (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), eth_src,
            eth_dst, ipv4_src, ipv4_dst,
            input_port))
    print ("        Action: Output (CONTROLLER)")

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    table_id = 0
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_id = 15
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1005)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Action:      'Output' to CONTROLLER
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = OutputAction(order=0, port="CONTROLLER", max_len=60)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    #  --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                    Ethernet Source Address
    #                    Ethernet Destination Address
    #                    IPv4 Source Address
    #                    IPv4 Destination Address
    #                    Input Port
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_eth_src(eth_src)
    match.set_eth_dst(eth_dst)
    match.set_ipv4_src(ipv4_src)
    match.set_ipv4_dst(ipv4_dst)
    match.set_in_port(input_port)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#4
0
文件: demo5.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_5():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 5 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: IPv4 Source Address
    #     NOTE: Ethernet type MUST be 2048 (0x800) -> IPv4 protocol
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv4
    ipv4_src = "10.11.12.13/24"

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: %s" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                IPv4 Source Address (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), ipv4_src))
    print ("        Action: Drop")

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    table_id = 0
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_id = 12
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1000)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Action:      'Drop'
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = DropAction(order=0)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   IPv4 Source Address
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_ipv4_src(ipv4_src)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#5
0
文件: demo23.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_23():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 23 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Type
    #                 Input Port
    #                 IPv4 Destination Address
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_MPLS_UCAST
    in_port = 13
    mpls_label = 27

    # --- Flow Actions: Set Field
    #                   Output
    new_mpls_label = 44
    output_port = 14

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                Input Port (%s)\n"
           "                MPLS Label (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), in_port, mpls_label))
    print ("        Action: Set Field (MPLS Label %s)\n"
           "                Output (Physical Port number %s)" %
           (new_mpls_label, output_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    table_id = 0
    flow_id = 29
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_name(flow_name="Change MPLS Label")
    flow_entry.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=0)
    flow_entry.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=0)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1022)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie(cookie=401)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie_mask(cookie_mask=255)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Actions:     'Set Field'
    #                  'Output'
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = SetFieldAction(order=0)
    action.set_mpls_label(new_mpls_label)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    action = OutputAction(order=1, port=2)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   Input Port
    #                   MPLS Label
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_in_port(in_port)
    match.set_mpls_label(mpls_label)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#6
0
文件: demo19.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_19():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 19 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Type
    #                 IPv6 Source Address
    #                 IPv6 Destination Address
    #                 IP DSCP
    #                 TCP Source Port
    #                 TCP Destination Port
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv6
    ipv6_src = "4231::3210:3210:3210:3210/80"
    ipv6_dst = "1234:1234:1234:1234::5678:5678/64"
    ipv6_flabel = 33
    ip_dscp = IP_DSCP_CS5  # 'Class Selector' = 'Critical'
    ip_proto = IP_PROTO_TCP
    tcp_src_port = 11111
    tcp_dst_port = 22222

    # --- Flow Actions: Output (CONTROLLER)
    output_port = "CONTROLLER"

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Destination Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Flow Label (%s)\n"
           "                IP DSCP (%s)\n"
           "                TCP Source Port (%s)\n"
           "                TCP Destination Port (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), ipv6_src, ipv6_dst, ipv6_flabel,
            ip_dscp, tcp_src_port, tcp_dst_port))
    print ("        Action: Output (to %s)" % (output_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    flow_entry.set_flow_name(flow_name="demo19.py")
    table_id = 0
    flow_id = 25
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1018)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie(cookie=23)
    flow_entry.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=1200)
    flow_entry.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=3400)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Actions:     'Output'
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = OutputAction(order=0, port=output_port)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry .add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   IPv6 Source Address
    #                   IPv6 Destination Address
    #                   IPv6 Flow Label
    #                   IP protocol number (TCP)
    #                   IP DSCP
    #                   TCP Source Port
    #                   TCP Destination Port
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_ipv6_src(ipv6_src)
    match.set_ipv6_dst(ipv6_dst)
    match.set_ipv6_flabel(ipv6_flabel)
    match.set_ip_proto(ip_proto)
    match.set_ip_dscp(ip_dscp)
    match.set_tcp_src(tcp_src_port)
    match.set_tcp_dst(tcp_dst_port)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#7
0
文件: demo21.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_21():

    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 21 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Type
    #                 IP DSCP
    #                 IP ECN
    #                 IPv6 Source Address
    #                 IPv6 Destination Address
    #                 IPv6 Flow Label
    #                 IPv6 Extension Header
    #                 TCP Source Port
    #                 TCP Destination Port
    #                 Metadata
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv6
    ip_dscp = IP_DSCP_CS6  # 'Class Selector' = 'Internet'
    ip_ecn = IP_ECN_CE     # 'Congestion Encountered'
    ipv6_src = "1234:5678:9ABC:DEF0:FDCD:A987:6543:210F/76"
    ipv6_dst = "2000:2abc:edff:fe00::3456/94"
    ipv6_flabel = 7
    ipv6_exthdr = 0        # 'no next header'
    ip_proto = IP_PROTO_TCP
    tcp_src_port = 1831
    tcp_dst_port = 1006
    metadata = "123456789"

    # --- Flow Actions: Output (CONTROLLER)
    output_port = "CONTROLLER"

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                IP DSCP (%s)\n"
           "                IP ECN (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Destination Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Flow Label (%s)\n"
           "                IPv6 Extension Header (%s)\n"
           "                TCP Source Port (%s)\n"
           "                TCP Destination Port (%s)\n"
           "                Metadata (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), ip_dscp, ip_ecn,
            ipv6_src, ipv6_dst, ipv6_flabel,
            ipv6_exthdr,
            tcp_src_port, tcp_dst_port, metadata))
    print ("        Action: Output (to %s)" % (output_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    table_id = 0
    flow_id = 27
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1020)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie(cookie=2100)
    flow_entry.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=1234)
    flow_entry.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=3456)
    flow_entry.set_flow_strict(False)
    flow_entry.set_flow_install_hw(False)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Actions:     'Output'
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = OutputAction(order=0, port=output_port)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   IP DSCP
    #                   IP ECN
    #                   IPv6 Source Address
    #                   IPv6 Destination Address
    #                   IPv6 Flow Label
    #                   IPv6 Extension Header
    #                   IP protocol number (TCP)
    #                   TCP Source Port
    #                   TCP Destination Port
    #                   Metadata
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_ip_dscp(ip_dscp)
    match.set_ip_ecn(ip_ecn)
    match.set_ipv6_src(ipv6_src)
    match.set_ipv6_dst(ipv6_dst)
    match.set_ipv6_flabel(ipv6_flabel)
    match.set_ipv6_exh_hdr(ipv6_exthdr)
    match.set_ip_proto(ip_proto)
    match.set_tcp_src(tcp_src_port)
    match.set_tcp_dst(tcp_dst_port)
    match.set_metadata(metadata)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#8
0
文件: demo10.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_10():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 10 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Source Address
    #                 Ethernet Destination Address
    #                 IPv4 Source Address
    #                 IPv4 Destination Address
    #                 IP DSCP
    #                 IP ECN
    #                 UDP Source Port Number
    #                 UDP Destination Port Number
    #                 Input Port
    #     NOTE: Ethernet type MUST be 2048 (0x800) -> IPv4 protocol

    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv4
    eth_src = "00:00:00:11:23:ae"
    eth_dst = "20:14:29:01:19:61"
    ipv4_src = "192.1.2.3/10"
    ipv4_dst = "172.168.5.6/18"
    ip_proto = IP_PROTO_UDP
    ip_dscp = IP_DSCP_CS1   # 'Class Selector' = 'Priority'
    ip_ecn = IP_ECN_CE      # Congestion Encountered
    udp_src_port = 25364
    udp_dst_port = 8080
    input_port = 13

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                Ethernet Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                Ethernet Destination Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv4 Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                IPv4 Destination Address (%s)\n"
           "                IP Protocol Number (%s)\n"
           "                IP DSCP (%s)\n"
           "                IP ECN (%s)\n"
           "                UDP Source Port Number (%s)\n"
           "                UDP Destination Port Number (%s)\n"
           "                Input Port (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), eth_src,
            eth_dst, ipv4_src, ipv4_dst,
            ip_proto, ip_dscp, ip_ecn,
            udp_src_port, udp_dst_port,
            input_port))
    print ("        Action: Output (NORMAL)")

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    table_id = 0
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_id = 17
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_hard_timeout(0)
    flow_entry.set_flow_idle_timeout(0)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1008)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Action:      'Output' NORMAL
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = OutputAction(order=0, port="NORMAL")
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   Ethernet Source Address
    #                   Ethernet Destination Address
    #                   IPv4 Source Address
    #                   IPv4 Destination Address
    #                   IP Protocol Number
    #                   IP DSCP
    #                   IP ECN
    #                   UDP Source Port Number
    #                   UDP Destination Port Number
    #                   Input Port
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_eth_src(eth_src)
    match.set_eth_dst(eth_dst)
    match.set_ipv4_src(ipv4_src)
    match.set_ipv4_dst(ipv4_dst)
    match.set_ip_proto(ip_proto)
    match.set_ip_dscp(ip_dscp)
    match.set_ip_ecn(ip_ecn)
    match.set_udp_src(udp_src_port)
    match.set_udp_dst(udp_dst_port)
    match.set_in_port(input_port)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#9
0
文件: demo8.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_8():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False:
        print ("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d["ctrlIpAddr"]
        ctrlPortNum = d["ctrlPortNum"]
        ctrlUname = d["ctrlUname"]
        ctrlPswd = d["ctrlPswd"]
        nodeName = d["nodeName"]
        rundelay = d["rundelay"]
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 8 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Source Address
    #                 Ethernet Destination Address
    #                 IPv4 Source Address
    #                 IPv4 Destination Address
    #                 IP Protocol Number
    #                 IP DSCP
    #                 Input Port
    #     NOTE: Ethernet type MUST be 2048 (0x800) -> IPv4 protocol
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv4
    eth_src = "00:1c:01:00:23:aa"
    eth_dst = "00:02:02:60:ff:fe"
    ipv4_src = "10.0.245.1/24"
    ipv4_dst = "192.168.1.123/16"
    ip_proto = IP_PROTO_TLSP
    ip_dscp = IP_DSCP_CS3  # 'Class Selector' = 'Flash'
    input_port = 13

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" % (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print (
        "        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
        "                Ethernet Source Address (%s)\n"
        "                Ethernet Destination Address (%s)\n"
        "                IPv4 Source Address (%s)\n"
        "                IPv4 Destination Address (%s)\n"
        "                IP Protocol Number (%s)\n"
        "                IP DSCP (%s)\n"
        "                Input Port (%s)"
        % (hex(eth_type), eth_src, eth_dst, ipv4_src, ipv4_dst, ip_proto, ip_dscp, input_port)
    )
    print ("        Action: Output (CONTROLLER)")

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    table_id = 0
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_id = 15
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(flow_priority=1006)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie(cookie=100)
    flow_entry.set_flow_cookie_mask(cookie_mask=255)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Action:      'Output' to CONTROLLER
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = OutputAction(order=0, port="CONTROLLER", max_len=60)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   Ethernet Source Address
    #                   Ethernet Destination Address
    #                   IPv4 Source Address
    #                   IPv4 Destination Address
    #                   IP Protocol Number
    #                   IP DSCP
    #                   Input Port
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_eth_src(eth_src)
    match.set_eth_dst(eth_dst)
    match.set_ipv4_src(ipv4_src)
    match.set_ipv4_dst(ipv4_dst)
    match.set_ip_proto(ip_proto)
    match.set_ip_dscp(ip_dscp)
    match.set_in_port(input_port)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if status.eq(STATUS.OK):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if status.eq(STATUS.OK):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (
        "<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
        "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" % (flow_id, table_id, nodeName)
    )
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(), flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if status.eq(STATUS.OK):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#10
0
文件: demo13.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_13():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 13 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Type
    #                 Ethernet Source Address
    #                 Ethernet Destination Address
    #                 VLAN ID
    #                 VLAN PCP
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv4
    eth_src = "00:00:00:11:23:ad"
    eth_dst = "00:ff:29:01:19:61"
    vlan_id = 100
    vlan_pcp = PCP_CA  # 'Critical Applications' (priority 3)

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                Ethernet Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                Ethernet Destination Address (%s)\n"
           "                VLAN ID (%s)\n"
           "                VLAN PCP(%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), eth_src,
            eth_dst, vlan_id, vlan_pcp))
    print ("        Action: Output (to Physical Port Number)")

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    table_id = 0
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_id = 20
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_hard_timeout(0)
    flow_entry.set_flow_idle_timeout(0)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(1011)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Action:      'Output' to port 7
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = OutputAction(order=0, port=7)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   Ethernet Source Address
    #                   Ethernet Destination Address
    #                   VLAN ID
    #                   VLAN PCP
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_eth_src(eth_src)
    match.set_eth_dst(eth_dst)
    match.set_vlan_id(vlan_id)
    match.set_vlan_pcp(vlan_pcp)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#11
0
文件: demo25.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_25():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 25 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    table_id = 0
    priority = 500
    cookie = 1000
    cookie_mask = 255
    customer_port = 110
    provider_port = 111
    qinq_eth_type = ETH_TYPE_STAG   # 802.1ad (QinQ) VLAN tagged frame
    dot1q_eth_type = ETH_TYPE_CTAG  # 802.1q VLAN tagged frame
    arp_eth_type = ETH_TYPE_ARP
    ip_eth_type = ETH_TYPE_IPv4
    provider_vlan_id = 100          # Provider VLAN
    customer_vlan_id = 998          # Customer VLAN
    first_flow_id = 31

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    # ---------------------------------------------------
    # First flow entry
    # ---------------------------------------------------
    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                VLAN ID (%s)\n"
           "                Input Port (%s)" %
           (hex(arp_eth_type), customer_vlan_id, customer_port))
    print ("        Action: Push VLAN (Ethernet Type %s)\n"
           "                Set Field (VLAN ID %s)\n"
           "                Push VLAN (Ethernet Type %s)\n"
           "                Set Field (VLAN ID %s)\n"
           "                Output (Physical Port number %s)" %
           (hex(qinq_eth_type), provider_vlan_id,
            hex(dot1q_eth_type), customer_vlan_id,
            provider_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_id = first_flow_id
    flow_entry1 = FlowEntry()
    flow_entry1.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    fname = "[MLX1-A] Test flow (match:inport=110,arp;" + \
            "actions:push-QINQ-tag,mod_vlan=100," + \
            "push-DOT1Q-tag,mod_vlan=998,output:111)"
    flow_entry1.set_flow_name(flow_name=fname)
    flow_entry1.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry1.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=600)
    flow_entry1.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=300)
    flow_entry1.set_flow_priority(priority)
    flow_entry1.set_flow_cookie(cookie)
    flow_entry1.set_flow_cookie_mask(cookie_mask)

    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)

    action_order = 0
    action = PushVlanHeaderAction(action_order)
    action.set_eth_type(qinq_eth_type)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = SetFieldAction(action_order)
    action.set_vlan_id(provider_vlan_id)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = PushVlanHeaderAction(action_order)
    action.set_eth_type(dot1q_eth_type)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = SetFieldAction(action_order)
    action.set_vlan_id(customer_vlan_id)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = OutputAction(action_order, provider_port)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    flow_entry1.add_instruction(instruction)

    match = Match()

    match.set_eth_type(arp_eth_type)
    match.set_vlan_id(customer_vlan_id)
    match.set_in_port(in_port=customer_port)

    flow_entry1.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry1.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry1)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
        delete_flows(ofswitch, table_id, range(first_flow_id, flow_id + 1))
        exit(0)

    # ---------------------------------------------------
    # Second flow entry
    # ---------------------------------------------------
    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                VLAN ID (%s)\n"
           "                Input Port (%s)" %
           (hex(ip_eth_type), customer_vlan_id, customer_port))
    print ("        Action: Push VLAN (Ethernet Type %s)\n"
           "                Set Field (VLAN ID %s)\n"
           "                Push VLAN (Ethernet Type %s)\n"
           "                Set Field (VLAN ID %s)\n"
           "                Output (Physical Port number %s)" %
           (hex(qinq_eth_type), provider_vlan_id,
            hex(dot1q_eth_type), customer_vlan_id,
            provider_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_id += 1
    flow_entry2 = FlowEntry()
    flow_entry2.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    fname = "[MLX1-A] Test flow (match:inport=110,ip;" + \
            "actions:push-QINQ-tag,mod_vlan=100,output:111)"
    flow_entry2.set_flow_name(flow_name=fname)
    flow_entry2.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry2.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=600)
    flow_entry2.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=300)
    flow_entry2.set_flow_priority(priority)
    flow_entry2.set_flow_cookie(cookie)
    flow_entry2.set_flow_cookie_mask(cookie_mask)

    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)

    action_order = 0
    action = PushVlanHeaderAction(action_order)
    action.set_eth_type(qinq_eth_type)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = SetFieldAction(action_order)
    action.set_vlan_id(provider_vlan_id)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = PushVlanHeaderAction(action_order)
    action.set_eth_type(dot1q_eth_type)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = SetFieldAction(action_order)
    action.set_vlan_id(customer_vlan_id)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = OutputAction(action_order, provider_port)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    flow_entry2.add_instruction(instruction)

    match = Match()

    match.set_eth_type(ip_eth_type)
    match.set_vlan_id(customer_vlan_id)
    match.set_in_port(in_port=customer_port)

    flow_entry2.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry2.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry2)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
        delete_flows(ofswitch, table_id, range(first_flow_id, flow_id + 1))
        exit(0)

    # ---------------------------------------------------
    # Third flow entry
    # ---------------------------------------------------
    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                VLAN ID (%s)\n"
           "                Input Port (%s)" %
           (hex(arp_eth_type), provider_vlan_id, provider_port))
    print ("        Action: Pop VLAN\n"
           "                Output (Physical Port number %s)" %
           (customer_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_id += 1
    flow_entry3 = FlowEntry()
    flow_entry3.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    fname = "[MLX1-A] Test flow (match:inport=111,arp,vid=100;" + \
            "actions:pop-vlan-tag,output=110)"
    flow_entry3.set_flow_name(flow_name=fname)
    flow_entry3.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry3.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=600)
    flow_entry3.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=300)
    flow_entry3.set_flow_priority(priority)
    flow_entry3.set_flow_cookie(cookie)
    flow_entry3.set_flow_cookie_mask(cookie_mask)

    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)

    action_order = 0
    action = PopVlanHeaderAction(action_order)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = OutputAction(action_order, customer_port)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    flow_entry3.add_instruction(instruction)

    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(arp_eth_type)
    match.set_vlan_id(provider_vlan_id)
    match.set_in_port(provider_port)

    flow_entry3.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry3.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry3)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
        delete_flows(ofswitch, table_id, range(first_flow_id, flow_id + 1))
        exit(0)

    # ---------------------------------------------------
    # Fourth flow entry
    # ---------------------------------------------------
    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                VLAN ID (%s)\n"
           "                Input Port (%s)" %
           (hex(ip_eth_type), provider_vlan_id, provider_port))
    print ("        Action: Pop VLAN\n"
           "                Output (Physical Port number %s)" %
           (customer_port))

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_id += 1
    flow_entry4 = FlowEntry()
    flow_entry4.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_entry4.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    fname = "[MLX1-A] Test flow (match:inport=111,ip,vid=100;" + \
            "actions:pop-vlan-tag,output=110)"
    flow_entry4.set_flow_name(flow_name=fname)
    flow_entry4.set_flow_hard_timeout(hard_timeout=600)
    flow_entry4.set_flow_idle_timeout(idle_timeout=300)
    flow_entry4.set_flow_priority(priority)
    flow_entry4.set_flow_cookie(cookie)
    flow_entry4.set_flow_cookie_mask(cookie_mask)

    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)

    action_order = 0
    action = PopVlanHeaderAction(action_order)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    action_order += 1
    action = OutputAction(action_order, customer_port)
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)

    flow_entry4.add_instruction(instruction)

    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(ip_eth_type)
    match.set_vlan_id(provider_vlan_id)
    match.set_in_port(provider_port)

    flow_entry4.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry4.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry4)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
        delete_flows(ofswitch, table_id, range(first_flow_id, flow_id + 1))
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flows from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    for i in range(first_flow_id, flow_id + 1):
        result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, i)
        status = result.get_status()
        if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
            print ("<<< Flow '%s' successfully read from the Controller" % i)
            print ("Flow info:")
            flow = result.get_data()
            print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
        else:
            print ("\n")
            print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
            delete_flows(ofswitch, table_id, range(first_flow_id,
                                                   flow_id + 1))
            exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flows from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" % (table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    delete_flows(ofswitch, table_id, range(first_flow_id, flow_id + 1))

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
示例#12
0
文件: demo12.py 项目: brocade/pysdn
def of_demo_12():
    f = "cfg.yml"
    d = {}
    if(load_dict_from_file(f, d) is False):
        print("Config file '%s' read error: " % f)
        exit()

    try:
        ctrlIpAddr = d['ctrlIpAddr']
        ctrlPortNum = d['ctrlPortNum']
        ctrlUname = d['ctrlUname']
        ctrlPswd = d['ctrlPswd']
        nodeName = d['nodeName']
        rundelay = d['rundelay']
    except:
        print ("Failed to get Controller device attributes")
        exit(0)

    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")
    print ("<<< Demo 12 Start")
    print ("<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<")

    ctrl = Controller(ctrlIpAddr, ctrlPortNum, ctrlUname, ctrlPswd)
    ofswitch = OFSwitch(ctrl, nodeName)

    # --- Flow Match: Ethernet Source Address
    #                 Ethernet Destination Address
    #                 ARP Operation
    #                 ARP Source IPv4 Address
    #                 ARP Target IPv4 Address
    #                 ARP source hardware address
    #                 ARP target hardware address
    #     NOTE: Ethernet type MUST be 2054 (0x0806) -> ARP protocol
    eth_type = ETH_TYPE_ARP
    eth_src = "00:ab:fe:01:03:31"
    eth_dst = "ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff"
    arp_opcode = ARP_REQUEST
    arp_src_ipv4_addr = "192.168.4.1/32"
    arp_tgt_ipv4_addr = "10.21.22.23/32"
    arp_src_hw_addr = "12:34:56:78:98:ab"
    arp_tgt_hw_addr = "fe:dc:ba:98:76:54"

    print ("<<< 'Controller': %s, 'OpenFlow' switch: '%s'" %
           (ctrlIpAddr, nodeName))

    print "\n"
    print ("<<< Set OpenFlow flow on the Controller")
    print ("        Match:  Ethernet Type (%s)\n"
           "                Ethernet Source Address (%s)\n"
           "                Ethernet Destination Address (%s)\n"
           "                ARP Operation (%s)\n"
           "                ARP Source IPv4 Address (%s)\n"
           "                ARP Target IPv4 Address (%s)\n"
           "                ARP Source Hardware Address (%s)\n"
           "                ARP Target Hardware Address (%s)" %
           (hex(eth_type), eth_src,
            eth_dst, arp_opcode,
            arp_src_ipv4_addr,
            arp_tgt_ipv4_addr,
            arp_src_hw_addr,
            arp_tgt_hw_addr))
    print ("        Action: Output (CONTROLLER)")

    time.sleep(rundelay)

    flow_entry = FlowEntry()
    table_id = 0
    flow_entry.set_flow_table_id(table_id)
    flow_id = 19
    flow_entry.set_flow_id(flow_id)
    flow_entry.set_flow_hard_timeout(0)
    flow_entry.set_flow_idle_timeout(0)
    flow_entry.set_flow_priority(1010)

    # --- Instruction: 'Apply-actions'
    #     Action:      'Output' CONTROLLER
    instruction = Instruction(instruction_order=0)
    action = OutputAction(order=0, port="CONTROLLER")
    instruction.add_apply_action(action)
    flow_entry.add_instruction(instruction)

    # --- Match Fields: Ethernet Type
    #                   Ethernet Source Address
    #                   Ethernet Destination Address
    #                   ARP Operation
    #                   ARP Source IPv4 Address
    #                   ARP Target IPv4 Address
    #                   ARP Source Hardware Address
    #                   ARP Target Hardware Address
    match = Match()
    match.set_eth_type(eth_type)
    match.set_eth_src(eth_src)
    match.set_eth_dst(eth_dst)
    match.set_arp_opcode(arp_opcode)
    match.set_arp_src_transport_address(arp_src_ipv4_addr)
    match.set_arp_tgt_transport_address(arp_tgt_ipv4_addr)
    match.set_arp_src_hw_address(arp_src_hw_addr)
    match.set_arp_tgt_hw_address(arp_tgt_hw_addr)
    flow_entry.add_match(match)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Flow to send:")
    print flow_entry.get_payload()
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.add_modify_flow(flow_entry)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully added to the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Get configured flow from the Controller")
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.get_configured_flow(table_id, flow_id)
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully read from the Controller")
        print ("Flow info:")
        flow = result.get_data()
        print json.dumps(flow, indent=4)
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.detailed())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print ("<<< Delete flow with id of '%s' from the Controller's cache "
           "and from the table '%s' on the '%s' node" %
           (flow_id, table_id, nodeName))
    time.sleep(rundelay)
    result = ofswitch.delete_flow(flow_entry.get_flow_table_id(),
                                  flow_entry.get_flow_id())
    status = result.get_status()
    if(status.eq(STATUS.OK)):
        print ("<<< Flow successfully removed from the Controller")
    else:
        print ("\n")
        print ("!!!Demo terminated, reason: %s" % status.brief().lower())
        exit(0)

    print ("\n")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")
    print (">>> Demo End")
    print (">>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>")