def decompose_clifford(clifford):
"""Decompose a Clifford operator into a QuantumCircuit.
Args:
clifford (Clifford): a clifford operator.
Return:
QuantumCircuit: a circuit implementation of the Clifford.
"""
# Compose a circuit which we will convert to an instruction
circuit = QuantumCircuit(clifford.num_qubits, name=str(clifford))
# Make a copy of Clifford as we are going to do row reduction to
# reduce it to an identity
clifford_cpy = clifford.copy()
for i in range(clifford.num_qubits):
# put a 1 one into position by permuting and using Hadamards(i,i)
_set_qubit_x_true(clifford_cpy, circuit, i)
# make all entries in row i except ith equal to 0
# by using phase gate and CNOTS
_set_row_x_zero(clifford_cpy, circuit, i)
# treat Zs
_set_row_z_zero(clifford_cpy, circuit, i)
for i in range(clifford.num_qubits):
if clifford_cpy.destabilizer.phase[i]:
_append_z(clifford_cpy, i)
circuit.z(i)
if clifford_cpy.stabilizer.phase[i]:
_append_x(clifford_cpy, i)
circuit.x(i)
# Next we invert the circuit to undo the row reduction and return the
# result as a gate instruction
return circuit.inverse()
def reset(self, qargs=None):
"""Reset state or subsystems to the 0-state.
Args:
qargs (list or None): subsystems to reset, if None all
subsystems will be reset to their 0-state
(Default: None).
Returns:
StabilizerState: the reset state.
Additional Information:
If all subsystems are reset this will return the ground state
on all subsystems. If only some subsystems are reset this
function will perform a measurement on those subsystems and
evolve the subsystems so that the collapsed post-measurement
states are rotated to the 0-state. The RNG seed for this
sampling can be set using the :meth:`seed` method.
"""
# Resetting all qubits does not require sampling or RNG
if qargs is None:
return StabilizerState(
Clifford(np.eye(2 * self.clifford.num_qubits)))
randbits = self._rng.integers(2, size=len(qargs))
ret = self.copy()
for bit, qubit in enumerate(qargs):
# Apply measurement and get classical outcome
outcome = ret._measure_and_update(qubit, randbits[bit])
# Use the outcome to apply X gate to any qubits left in the
# |1> state after measure, then discard outcome.
if outcome == 1:
_append_x(ret.clifford, qubit)
return ret
def decompose_clifford_greedy(clifford):
"""Decompose a Clifford operator into a QuantumCircuit.
Args:
clifford (Clifford): a clifford operator.
Return:
QuantumCircuit: a circuit implementation of the Clifford.
Raises:
QiskitError: if symplectic Gaussian elimination fails.
"""
num_qubits = clifford.num_qubits
circ = QuantumCircuit(num_qubits, name=str(clifford))
qubit_list = list(range(num_qubits))
clifford_cpy = clifford.copy()
# Reducing the original Clifford to identity
# via symplectic Gaussian elimination
while len(qubit_list) > 0:
clifford_cpy_inv = clifford_cpy.adjoint()
list_greedy_cost = []
for qubit in qubit_list:
cliff_ox = clifford_cpy.copy()
_append_x(cliff_ox, qubit)
cliff_ox = cliff_ox.compose(clifford_cpy_inv)
cliff_oz = clifford_cpy.copy()
_append_z(cliff_oz, qubit)
cliff_oz = cliff_oz.compose(clifford_cpy_inv)
list_pairs = []
pauli_count = 0
# Compute the CNOT cost in order to find the qubit with the minimal cost
for i in qubit_list:
typeq = _from_pair_cliffs_to_type(cliff_ox, cliff_oz, i)
list_pairs.append(typeq)
pauli_count += 1
cost = _compute_greedy_cost(list_pairs)
list_greedy_cost.append([cost, qubit])
_, min_qubit = (sorted(list_greedy_cost))[0]
# Gaussian elimination step for the qubit with minimal CNOT cost
cliff_ox = clifford_cpy.copy()
_append_x(cliff_ox, min_qubit)
cliff_ox = cliff_ox.compose(clifford_cpy_inv)
cliff_oz = clifford_cpy.copy()
_append_z(cliff_oz, min_qubit)
cliff_oz = cliff_oz.compose(clifford_cpy_inv)
# Compute the decoupling operator of cliff_ox and cliff_oz
decouple_circ, decouple_cliff = _calc_decoupling(
cliff_ox, cliff_oz, qubit_list, min_qubit, num_qubits)
circ = circ.compose(decouple_circ)
# Now the clifford acts trivially on min_qubit
clifford_cpy = decouple_cliff.adjoint().compose(clifford_cpy)
qubit_list.remove(min_qubit)
# Add the phases (Pauli gates) to the Clifford circuit
for qubit in range(num_qubits):
stab = clifford_cpy.stabilizer.phase[qubit]
destab = clifford_cpy.destabilizer.phase[qubit]
if destab and stab:
circ.y(qubit)
elif not destab and stab:
circ.x(qubit)
elif destab and not stab:
circ.z(qubit)
return circ