def test_chop_all(self):
"""Test that chop returns an identity operator with coeff 0 if all coeffs are chopped."""
eps = 1e-10
op = SparsePauliOp(["X", "Z"], coeffs=[eps, eps])
simplified = op.chop(tol=eps)
expected = SparsePauliOp(["I"], coeffs=[0.0])
self.assertEqual(simplified, expected)
def to_list(self):
"""Test to_operator method."""
labels = ["XI", "YZ", "YY", "ZZ"]
coeffs = [-3, 4.4j, 0.2 - 0.1j, 66.12]
op = SparsePauliOp(labels, coeffs)
target = list(zip(labels, coeffs))
self.assertEqual(op.to_list(), target)
def test_label_iter(self):
"""Test SparsePauliOp label_iter method."""
labels = ["III", "IXI", "IYY", "YIZ", "XYZ", "III"]
coeffs = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
op = SparsePauliOp(labels, coeffs)
for idx, i in enumerate(op.label_iter()):
self.assertEqual(i, (labels[idx], coeffs[idx]))
def to_list(self):
"""Test to_operator method."""
labels = ['XI', 'YZ', 'YY', 'ZZ']
coeffs = [-3, 4.4j, 0.2 - 0.1j, 66.12]
op = SparsePauliOp(PauliTable.from_labels(labels), coeffs)
target = list(zip(labels, coeffs))
self.assertEqual(op.to_list(), target)
def test_matrix_iter_sparse(self):
"""Test SparsePauliOp sparse matrix_iter method."""
labels = ["III", "IXI", "IYY", "YIZ", "XYZ", "III"]
coeffs = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
op = SparsePauliOp(labels, coeffs)
for idx, i in enumerate(op.matrix_iter(sparse=True)):
np.testing.assert_array_equal(i.toarray(), coeffs[idx] * pauli_mat(labels[idx]))
def test_iter(self):
"""Test iter with SparsePauliOp."""
labels = ["III", "IXI", "IYY", "YIZ", "XYZ", "III"]
coeffs = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
op = SparsePauliOp(labels, coeffs)
for idx, i in enumerate(iter(op)):
self.assertEqual(i, SparsePauliOp(labels[idx], coeffs[[idx]]))
def test_from_index_list_same_index(self):
"""Test from_list via Pauli + number of qubits raises correctly, if indices duplicate."""
with self.assertRaises(QiskitError):
_ = SparsePauliOp.from_sparse_list([("ZZ", [0, 0], 1)], 2)
with self.assertRaises(QiskitError):
_ = SparsePauliOp.from_sparse_list([("ZI", [0, 0], 1)], 2)
with self.assertRaises(QiskitError):
_ = SparsePauliOp.from_sparse_list([("IZ", [0, 0], 1)], 2)
def test_enumerate(self):
"""Test enumerate with SparsePauliOp."""
labels = ["III", "IXI", "IYY", "YIZ", "XYZ", "III"]
coeffs = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
table = PauliTable.from_labels(labels)
op = SparsePauliOp(table, coeffs)
for idx, i in enumerate(op):
self.assertEqual(i, SparsePauliOp(labels[idx], coeffs[[idx]]))
def test_label_iter(self):
"""Test PauliTable label_iter method."""
labels = ['III', 'IXI', 'IYY', 'YIZ', 'XYZ', 'III']
coeffs = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
table = PauliTable.from_labels(labels)
op = SparsePauliOp(table, coeffs)
for idx, i in enumerate(op.label_iter()):
self.assertEqual(i, (labels[idx], coeffs[idx]))
def test_iter(self):
"""Test iter with PauliTable."""
labels = ['III', 'IXI', 'IYY', 'YIZ', 'XYZ', 'III']
coeffs = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
table = PauliTable.from_labels(labels)
op = SparsePauliOp(table, coeffs)
for idx, i in enumerate(iter(op)):
self.assertEqual(i, SparsePauliOp(labels[idx], coeffs[[idx]]))
def test_matrix_iter(self):
"""Test PauliTable dense matrix_iter method."""
labels = ["III", "IXI", "IYY", "YIZ", "XYZ", "III"]
coeffs = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
table = PauliTable.from_labels(labels)
op = SparsePauliOp(table, coeffs)
for idx, i in enumerate(op.matrix_iter()):
self.assertTrue(
np.array_equal(i, coeffs[idx] * pauli_mat(labels[idx])))
def to_operator(self):
"""Test to_operator method."""
labels = ["XI", "YZ", "YY", "ZZ"]
coeffs = [-3, 4.4j, 0.2 - 0.1j, 66.12]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(labels, coeffs)
target = Operator(np.zeros((4, 4), dtype=complex))
for coeff, label in zip(coeffs, labels):
target = target + Operator(coeff * pauli_mat(label))
self.assertEqual(spp_op.to_operator(), target)
def to_matrix(self):
"""Test to_matrix method."""
labels = ["XI", "YZ", "YY", "ZZ"]
coeffs = [-3, 4.4j, 0.2 - 0.1j, 66.12]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(labels, coeffs)
target = np.zeros((4, 4), dtype=complex)
for coeff, label in zip(coeffs, labels):
target += coeff * pauli_mat(label)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(spp_op.to_matrix(), target)
def test_matrix_iter_sparse(self):
"""Test PauliTable sparse matrix_iter method."""
labels = ['III', 'IXI', 'IYY', 'YIZ', 'XYZ', 'III']
coeffs = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
table = PauliTable.from_labels(labels)
op = SparsePauliOp(table, coeffs)
for idx, i in enumerate(op.matrix_iter(sparse=True)):
self.assertTrue(
np.array_equal(i.toarray(), coeffs[idx] * pauli_mat(labels[idx])))
def to_operator(self):
"""Test to_operator method."""
labels = ['XI', 'YZ', 'YY', 'ZZ']
coeffs = [-3, 4.4j, 0.2 - 0.1j, 66.12]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(PauliTable.from_labels(labels), coeffs)
target = Operator(np.zeros((4, 4), dtype=complex))
for coeff, label in zip(coeffs, labels):
target = target + Operator(coeff * pauli_mat(label))
self.assertEqual(spp_op.to_operator(), target)
def to_matrix(self):
"""Test to_matrix method."""
labels = ['XI', 'YZ', 'YY', 'ZZ']
coeffs = [-3, 4.4j, 0.2 - 0.1j, 66.12]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(PauliTable.from_labels(labels), coeffs)
target = np.zeros((4, 4), dtype=complex)
for coeff, label in zip(coeffs, labels):
target += coeff * pauli_mat(label)
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(spp_op.to_matrix(), target))
def test_chop(self):
"""Test chop, which individually truncates real and imaginary parts of the coeffs."""
eps = 1e-10
op = SparsePauliOp(
["XYZ", "ZII", "ZII", "YZY"],
coeffs=[eps + 1j * eps, 1 + 1j * eps, eps + 1j, 1 + 1j])
simplified = op.chop(tol=eps)
expected_coeffs = [1, 1j, 1 + 1j]
expected_paulis = ["ZII", "ZII", "YZY"]
self.assertListEqual(simplified.coeffs.tolist(), expected_coeffs)
self.assertListEqual(simplified.paulis.to_labels(), expected_paulis)
def test_simplify(self):
"""Test simplify method"""
coeffs = [3 + 1j, -3 - 1j, 0, 4, -5, 2.2, -1.1j]
labels = ["IXI", "IXI", "ZZZ", "III", "III", "XXX", "XXX"]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp.from_list(zip(labels, coeffs))
simplified_op = spp_op.simplify()
target_coeffs = [-1, 2.2 - 1.1j]
target_labels = ["III", "XXX"]
target_op = SparsePauliOp.from_list(zip(target_labels, target_coeffs))
self.assertEqual(simplified_op, target_op)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(simplified_op.paulis.phase, np.zeros(simplified_op.size))
def test_simplify(self):
"""Test simplify method"""
coeffs = [3 + 1j, -3 - 1j, 0, 4, -5, 2.2, -1.1j]
labels = ['IXI', 'IXI', 'ZZZ', 'III', 'III', 'XXX', 'XXX']
value = SparsePauliOp(
PauliTable.from_labels(labels), coeffs).simplify()
target_coeffs = [-1, 2.2 - 1.1j]
target_labels = ['III', 'XXX']
target = SparsePauliOp(
PauliTable.from_labels(target_labels), target_coeffs)
self.assertEqual(value, target)
def test_pauli_table_init(self):
"""Test PauliTable initialization."""
labels = ['I', 'X', 'Y', 'Z']
table = PauliTable.from_labels(labels)
with self.subTest(msg='no coeffs'):
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(table)
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, np.ones(len(labels))))
self.assertEqual(spp_op.table, table)
with self.subTest(msg='no coeffs'):
coeffs = [1, 2, 3, 4]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(table, coeffs)
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, coeffs))
self.assertEqual(spp_op.table, table)
def test_eq_equiv(self):
"""Test __eq__ and equiv methods with some specific cases."""
with self.subTest("shuffled"):
spp_op1 = SparsePauliOp.from_list([("X", 1), ("Y", 2)])
spp_op2 = SparsePauliOp.from_list([("Y", 2), ("X", 1)])
self.assertNotEqual(spp_op1, spp_op2)
self.assertTrue(spp_op1.equiv(spp_op2))
with self.subTest("w/ zero"):
spp_op1 = SparsePauliOp.from_list([("X", 1), ("Y", 1)])
spp_op2 = SparsePauliOp.from_list([("X", 1), ("Y", 1), ("Z", 0)])
self.assertNotEqual(spp_op1, spp_op2)
self.assertTrue(spp_op1.equiv(spp_op2))
def test_pauli_table_init(self):
"""Test PauliTable initialization."""
labels = ["I", "X", "Y", "Z"]
table = PauliTable.from_labels(labels)
paulis = PauliList(labels)
with self.subTest(msg="no coeffs"):
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(table)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, np.ones(len(labels)))
self.assertEqual(spp_op.paulis, paulis)
with self.subTest(msg="no coeffs"):
coeffs = [1, 2, 3, 4]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(table, coeffs)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, coeffs)
self.assertEqual(spp_op.paulis, paulis)
def test_from_zip(self):
"""Test from_list method for zipped input."""
labels = ['XXZ', 'IXI', 'YZZ', 'III']
coeffs = [3.0, 5.5, -1j, 23.3333]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp.from_list(zip(labels, coeffs))
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, coeffs))
self.assertEqual(spp_op.table, PauliTable.from_labels(labels))
def test_str_init(self):
"""Test PauliTable initialization."""
for label in ['IZ', 'XI', 'YX', 'ZZ']:
table = PauliTable(label)
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(label)
self.assertEqual(spp_op.table, table)
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, [1]))
def random_spp_op(self, num_qubits, num_terms):
"""Generate a pseudo-random SparsePauliOp"""
coeffs = (self.RNG.uniform(-1, 1, size=num_terms)
+ 1j * self.RNG.uniform(-1, 1, size=num_terms))
labels = [''.join(self.RNG.choice(['I', 'X', 'Y', 'Z'], size=num_qubits))
for _ in range(num_terms)]
return SparsePauliOp(PauliTable.from_labels(labels), coeffs)
def _pauli_id(n_qubits: int, coeff=None) -> SparsePauliOp:
"""Return the identity for `SparsePauliOp` on `n_qubits` qubits."""
if coeff is None:
coeff = complex(1.0)
return SparsePauliOp(
Pauli((np.zeros(n_qubits, dtype=bool), np.zeros(n_qubits,
dtype=bool))), [coeff])
def test_from_zip(self):
"""Test from_list method for zipped input."""
labels = ["XXZ", "IXI", "YZZ", "III"]
coeffs = [3.0, 5.5, -1j, 23.3333]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp.from_list(zip(labels, coeffs))
np.testing.assert_array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, coeffs)
self.assertEqual(spp_op.paulis, PauliList(labels))
def test_str_init(self):
"""Test PauliTable initialization."""
for label in ["IZ", "XI", "YX", "ZZ"]:
table = PauliTable(label)
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(label)
self.assertEqual(spp_op.table, table)
self.assertTrue(np.array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, [1]))
def test_pauli_list_init(self):
"""Test PauliList initialization."""
labels = ["I", "X", "Y", "-Z", "iZ", "-iX"]
paulis = PauliList(labels)
with self.subTest(msg="no coeffs"):
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(paulis)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, [1, 1, 1, -1, 1j, -1j])
paulis.phase = 0
self.assertEqual(spp_op.paulis, paulis)
paulis = PauliList(labels)
with self.subTest(msg="with coeffs"):
coeffs = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(paulis, coeffs)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, [1, 2, 3, -4, 5j, -6j])
paulis.phase = 0
self.assertEqual(spp_op.paulis, paulis)
def test_str_init(self):
"""Test str initialization."""
for label in ["IZ", "XI", "YX", "ZZ"]:
pauli_list = PauliList(label)
spp_op = SparsePauliOp(label)
self.assertEqual(spp_op.paulis, pauli_list)
np.testing.assert_array_equal(spp_op.coeffs, [1])
