def test_angle_between():
a = Point(1, 2, 3, 4)
b = a.orthogonal_direction
o = a.origin
assert feq(Line.angle_between(Line(Point(0, 0), Point(1, 1)),
Line(Point(0, 0), Point(5, 0))).evalf(), pi.evalf() / 4)
assert Line(a, o).angle_between(Line(b, o)) == pi / 2
z = Point3D(0, 0, 0)
assert Line3D.angle_between(Line3D(z, Point3D(1, 1, 1)),
Line3D(z, Point3D(5, 0, 0))) == acos(sqrt(3) / 3)
# direction of points is used to determine angle
assert Line3D.angle_between(Line3D(z, Point3D(1, 1, 1)),
Line3D(Point3D(5, 0, 0), z)) == acos(-sqrt(3) / 3)
def test_angle_between():
a = Point(1, 2, 3, 4)
b = a.orthogonal_direction
o = a.origin
assert feq(Line.angle_between(Line(Point(0, 0), Point(1, 1)),
Line(Point(0, 0), Point(5, 0))).evalf(), pi.evalf() / 4)
assert Line(a, o).angle_between(Line(b, o)) == pi / 2
assert Line3D.angle_between(Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1)),
Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(5, 0, 0))), acos(sqrt(3) / 3)
def test_line3d():
x = Symbol('x', real=True)
y = Symbol('y', real=True)
z = Symbol('z', real=True)
k = Symbol('k', real=True)
x1 = Symbol('x1', real=True)
y1 = Symbol('y1', real=True)
p1 = Point3D(0, 0, 0)
p2 = Point3D(1, 1, 1)
p3 = Point3D(x1, x1, x1)
p4 = Point3D(y1, y1, y1)
p5 = Point3D(x1, 1 + x1, 1)
p6 = Point3D(1, 0, 1)
p7 = Point3D(0, 1, 1)
p8 = Point3D(2, 0, 3)
p9 = Point3D(2, 1, 4)
l1 = Line3D(p1, p2)
l2 = Line3D(p3, p4)
l3 = Line3D(p3, p5)
l4 = Line3D(p1, p6)
l5 = Line3D(p1, p7)
l6 = Line3D(p8, p9)
l7 = Line3D(p2, p9)
raises(ValueError, lambda: Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(0, 0, 0)))
assert Line3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[2, 3, 4]) == \
Line3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(3, 4, 5))
assert Line3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 5, 7 ]) == \
Line3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 6, 8))
assert Line3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 2, 3]) == \
Line3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 3, 4))
raises(TypeError, lambda: Line3D((1, 1), 1))
assert Line3D(p1, p2) != Line3D(p2, p1)
assert l1 != l3
assert l1.is_parallel(l1) # same as in 2D
assert l1 != l2
assert l1.direction_ratio == [1, 1, 1]
assert l1.length == oo
assert l1.equation() == (x, y, z, k)
assert l2.equation() == \
((x - x1)/(-x1 + y1), (-x1 + y)/(-x1 + y1), (-x1 + z)/(-x1 + y1), k)
assert p1 in l1
assert p1 not in l3
# Orthogonality
p1_1 = Point3D(x1, x1, x1)
l1_1 = Line3D(p1, p1_1)
assert Line3D.is_perpendicular(l1, l2) is False
p = l1.arbitrary_point()
assert l1.perpendicular_segment(p) == p
# Parallelity
assert l1.parallel_line(p1_1) == Line3D(Point3D(x1, x1, x1),
Point3D(x1 + 1, x1 + 1, x1 + 1))
assert l1.parallel_line(p1_1.args) == \
Line3D(Point3D(x1, x1, x1), Point3D(x1 + 1, x1 + 1, x1 + 1))
# Intersection
assert intersection(l1, p1) == [p1]
assert intersection(l1, p5) == []
assert intersection(l1, l1.parallel_line(p1)) == [
Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1))
]
# issue 8517
line3 = Line3D(Point3D(4, 0, 1), Point3D(0, 4, 1))
line4 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 1), Point3D(4, 4, 1))
assert line3.intersection(line4) == [Point3D(2, 2, 1)]
assert line3.is_parallel(line4) is False
assert Line3D((0, 1, 2),
(0, 2, 3)).intersection(Line3D(
(0, 1, 2), (0, 1, 1))) == [Point3D(0, 1, 2)]
ray0 = Ray3D((0, 0), (3, 0))
ray1 = Ray3D((1, 0), (3, 0))
assert ray0.intersection(ray1) == [ray1]
assert ray1.intersection(ray0) == [ray1]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(Segment3D(
(1, 0), (2, 0))) == [Segment3D((1, 0), (2, 0))]
assert Segment3D((1, 0), (2, 0)).intersection(Segment3D(
(0, 0), (3, 0))) == [Segment3D((1, 0), (2, 0))]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(Segment3D(
(3, 0), (4, 0))) == [Point3D((3, 0))]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(Segment3D(
(2, 0), (5, 0))) == [Segment3D((3, 0), (2, 0))]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(Segment3D(
(-2, 0), (1, 0))) == [Segment3D((0, 0), (1, 0))]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(Segment3D(
(-2, 0), (0, 0))) == [Point3D(0, 0)]
# issue 7757
p = Ray3D(Point3D(1, 0, 0), Point3D(-1, 0, 0))
q = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 1, 0), Point3D(0, -1, 0))
assert intersection(p, q) == [Point3D(0, 0, 0)]
# Concurrency
assert Line3D.are_concurrent(l1) is False
assert Line3D.are_concurrent(l1, l2) is False
assert Line3D.are_concurrent(l1, l1_1, l3) is True
parallel_1 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 0, 0))
parallel_2 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 1, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 0))
assert Line3D.are_concurrent(parallel_1, parallel_2) == False
# Finding angles
l1_1 = Line3D(p1, Point3D(5, 0, 0))
assert Line3D.angle_between(l1, l1_1), acos(sqrt(3) / 3)
# Testing Rays and Segments (very similar to Lines)
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[4, 4, 4]) == \
Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(5, 5, 5))
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 2, 3]) == \
Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 3, 4))
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 1, 1]) == \
Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))
r1 = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(-1, 5, 0))
r2 = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(-1, 1, 1))
r3 = Ray3D(p1, p2)
r4 = Ray3D(p2, p1)
r5 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 1, 1), Point3D(1, 2, 0))
assert l1.projection(r1) == Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0),
Point3D(4 / 3, 4 / 3, 4 / 3))
assert l1.projection(r2) == Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0),
Point3D(1 / 3, 1 / 3, 1 / 3))
assert r3 != r1
t = Symbol('t', real=True)
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 2, 3]).arbitrary_point() == \
Point3D(t + 1, 2*t + 1, 3*t + 1)
r6 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(0, 4, 0))
r7 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 1, 1), Point3D(0, -1, 1))
assert r6.intersection(r7) == []
s1 = Segment3D(p1, p2)
s2 = Segment3D(p3, p4)
assert s1.midpoint == \
Point3D(Rational(1, 2), Rational(1, 2), Rational(1, 2))
assert s2.length == sqrt(3) * sqrt((x1 - y1)**2)
assert Segment3D((1, 1, 1), (2, 3, 4)).arbitrary_point() == \
Point3D(t + 1, 2*t + 1, 3*t + 1)
# Segment contains
s = Segment3D((0, 1, 0), (0, 1, 0))
assert Point3D(0, 1, 0) in s
s = Segment3D((1, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0))
assert Point3D(1, 0, 0) in s
# Testing distance from a Segment to an object
s1 = Segment3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1))
s2 = Segment3D(Point3D(1 / 2, 1 / 2, 1 / 2), Point3D(1, 0, 1))
pt1 = Point3D(0, 0, 0)
pt2 = Point3D(Rational(3) / 2, Rational(3) / 2, Rational(3) / 2)
assert s1.distance(pt1) == 0
assert s2.distance(pt1) == sqrt(3) / 2
assert s2.distance(pt2) == 2 * sqrt(6) / 3
assert s1.distance((0, 0, 0)) == 0
assert s2.distance((0, 0, 0)) == sqrt(3) / 2
# Line to point
p1, p2 = Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1)
s = Line3D(p1, p2)
assert s.distance(Point3D(-1, 1, 1)) == 2 * sqrt(6) / 3
assert s.distance(Point3D(1, -1, 1)) == 2 * sqrt(6) / 3
assert s.distance(Point3D(2, 2, 2)) == 0
assert s.distance((2, 2, 2)) == 0
assert s.distance((1, -1, 1)) == 2 * sqrt(6) / 3
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0)).distance(p1) == 0
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0)).distance(p2) == sqrt(2)
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0)).distance(p1) == 0
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0)).distance(p2) == sqrt(2)
# Ray to point
r = Ray3D(p1, p2)
assert r.distance(Point3D(-1, -1, -1)) == sqrt(3)
assert r.distance(Point3D(1, 1, 1)) == 0
assert r.distance((-1, -1, -1)) == sqrt(3)
assert r.distance((1, 1, 1)) == 0
assert Ray3D((0, 0, 0), (1, 1, 2)).distance((-1, -1, 2)) == 4 * sqrt(3) / 3
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), (2, 2, 2)).distance(Point3D(1.5, -3, -1)) == \
Rational(9)/2
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), (2, 2, 2)).distance(Point3D(1.5, 3, 1)) == \
sqrt(78)/6
# Special cases of projection and intersection
r1 = Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))
r2 = Ray3D(Point3D(2, 2, 2), Point3D(0, 0, 0))
r3 = Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(-1, -1, -1))
r4 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 4, 2), Point3D(-1, -5, -1))
r5 = Ray3D(Point3D(2, 2, 2), Point3D(3, 3, 3))
assert intersection(r1, r2) == \
[Segment3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))]
assert intersection(r1, r3) == [Point3D(1, 1, 1)]
r5 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1))
r6 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(2, 2, 2))
assert r5 in r6
assert r6 in r5
s1 = Segment3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(2, 2, 2))
s2 = Segment3D(Point3D(-1, 5, 2), Point3D(-5, -10, 0))
assert intersection(r1,
s1) == [Segment3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))]
l1 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(3, 4, 0))
r1 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(3, 4, 0))
s1 = Segment3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(3, 4, 0))
assert intersection(l1, r1) == [r1]
assert intersection(l1, s1) == [s1]
assert intersection(r1, l1) == [r1]
assert intersection(s1, r1) == [s1]
# check that temporary symbol is Dummy
assert Line3D((0, 0), (t, t)).perpendicular_line((0, 1, 0)).equals( \
Line3D(Point3D(0, 1, 0), Point3D(1/2, 1/2, 0)))
assert Line3D((0, 0), (t, t)).perpendicular_segment((0, 1, 0)).equals( \
Segment3D((0, 1), (1/2, 1/2)))
assert Line3D((0, 0), (t, t)).intersection(Line3D((0, 1), (t, t))) == \
[Point3D(t, t)]
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (x, y, z)).contains((2 * x, 2 * y, 2 * z))
# Test is_perpendicular
perp_1 = Line3D(p1, Point3D(0, 1, 0))
assert Line3D.is_perpendicular(parallel_1, perp_1) is True
assert Line3D.is_perpendicular(parallel_1, parallel_2) is False
# Test projection
assert parallel_1.projection(Point3D(5, 5, 0)) == Point3D(5, 0)
assert parallel_1.projection(parallel_2).equals(parallel_1)
raises(GeometryError, lambda: parallel_1.projection(Plane(p1, p2, p6)))
# Test __new__
assert Line3D(perp_1) == perp_1
raises(ValueError, lambda: Line3D(p1))
# Test contains
pt2d = Point(1.0, 1.0)
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
assert perp_1.contains(pt2d) is False
assert len(w) == 1
# Test equals
assert perp_1.equals(pt2d) is False
col1 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 0, 0))
col2 = Line3D(Point3D(-5, 0, 0), Point3D(-1, 0, 0))
assert col1.equals(col2) is True
assert col1.equals(perp_1) is False
# Begin ray
# Test __new__
assert Ray3D(col1) == Ray3D(p1, Point3D(1, 0, 0))
raises(ValueError, lambda: Ray3D(pt2d))
# Test zdirection
negz = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(0, 0, -1))
assert negz.zdirection == S.NegativeInfinity
# Test contains
assert negz.contains(Segment3D(p1, Point3D(0, 0, -10))) is True
assert negz.contains(Segment3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2,
2))) is False
posy = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(0, 1, 0))
posz = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(0, 0, 1))
assert posy.contains(p1) is True
assert posz.contains(p1) is True
with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
assert posz.contains(pt2d) is False
assert len(w) == 1
ray1 = Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(1, 0, 0))
assert ray1.contains([]) is False
# Test equals
assert negz.equals(pt2d) is False
assert negz.equals(negz) is True
assert ray1.is_similar(Line3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(1, 0, 0))) is True
assert ray1.is_similar(perp_1) is False
assert ray1.is_similar(ray1) is True
# Begin Segment
seg1 = Segment3D(p1, Point3D(1, 0, 0))
assert seg1.contains([]) is True
seg2 = Segment3D(Point3D(2, 2, 2), Point3D(3, 2, 2))
assert seg1.contains(seg2) is False
def test_line3d():
x = Symbol('x', real=True)
y = Symbol('y', real=True)
z = Symbol('z', real=True)
k = Symbol('k', real=True)
x1 = Symbol('x1', real=True)
y1 = Symbol('y1', real=True)
p1 = Point3D(0, 0, 0)
p2 = Point3D(1, 1, 1)
p3 = Point3D(x1, x1, x1)
p4 = Point3D(y1, y1, y1)
p5 = Point3D(x1, 1 + x1, 1)
p6 = Point3D(1, 0, 1)
p7 = Point3D(0, 1, 1)
p8 = Point3D(2, 0, 3)
p9 = Point3D(2, 1, 4)
l1 = Line3D(p1, p2)
l2 = Line3D(p3, p4)
l3 = Line3D(p3, p5)
l4 = Line3D(p1, p6)
l5 = Line3D(p1, p7)
l6 = Line3D(p8, p9)
l7 = Line3D(p2, p9)
raises(ValueError, lambda: Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(0, 0, 0)))
assert Line3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[2, 3, 4]) == \
Line3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(3, 4, 5))
assert Line3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 5, 7 ]) == \
Line3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 6, 8))
assert Line3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 2, 3]) == \
Line3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 3, 4))
raises(TypeError, lambda: Line3D((1, 1), 1))
assert Line3D(p1, p2) != Line3D(p2, p1)
assert l1 != l3
assert l1.is_parallel(l1) # same as in 2D
assert l1 != l2
assert l1.direction_ratio == [1, 1, 1]
assert l1.length == oo
assert l1.equation() == (x, y, z, k)
assert l2.equation() == \
((x - x1)/(-x1 + y1), (-x1 + y)/(-x1 + y1), (-x1 + z)/(-x1 + y1), k)
assert p1 in l1
assert p1 not in l3
# Orthogonality
p1_1 = Point3D(x1, x1, x1)
l1_1 = Line3D(p1, p1_1)
assert Line3D.is_perpendicular(l1, l2) is False
p = l1.arbitrary_point()
raises(NotImplementedError , lambda: l1.perpendicular_segment(p))
# Parallelity
assert l1.parallel_line(p1_1) == Line3D(Point3D(x1, x1, x1),
Point3D(x1 + 1, x1 + 1, x1 + 1))
assert l1.parallel_line(p1_1.args) == \
Line3D(Point3D(x1, x1, x1), Point3D(x1 + 1, x1 + 1, x1 + 1))
# Intersection
assert intersection(l1, p1) == [p1]
assert intersection(l1, p5) == []
assert intersection(l1, l1.parallel_line(p1)) == [
Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1))]
# issue 8517
line3 = Line3D(Point3D(4, 0, 1), Point3D(0, 4, 1))
line4 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 1), Point3D(4, 4, 1))
assert line3.intersection(line4) == [Point3D(2, 2, 1)]
assert line3.is_parallel(line4) is False
assert Line3D((0, 1, 2), (0, 2, 3)).intersection(
Line3D((0, 1, 2), (0, 1, 1))) == []
ray0 = Ray3D((0, 0), (3, 0))
ray1 = Ray3D((1, 0), (3, 0))
assert ray0.intersection(ray1) == [ray1]
assert ray1.intersection(ray0) == [ray1]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(
Segment3D((1, 0), (2, 0))) == [Segment3D((1, 0), (2, 0))]
assert Segment3D((1, 0), (2, 0)).intersection(
Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0))) == [Segment3D((1, 0), (2, 0))]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(
Segment3D((3, 0), (4, 0))) == [Point3D((3, 0))]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(
Segment3D((2, 0), (5, 0))) == [Segment3D((3, 0), (2, 0))]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(
Segment3D((-2, 0), (1, 0))) == [Segment3D((0, 0), (1, 0))]
assert Segment3D((0, 0), (3, 0)).intersection(
Segment3D((-2, 0), (0, 0))) == [Point3D(0, 0, 0)]
# issue 7757
p = Ray3D(Point3D(1, 0, 0), Point3D(-1, 0, 0))
q = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 1, 0), Point3D(0, -1, 0))
assert intersection(p, q) == [Point3D(0, 0, 0)]
# Concurrency
assert Line3D.are_concurrent(l1) is False
assert Line3D.are_concurrent(l1, l2)
assert Line3D.are_concurrent(l1, l1_1, l3) is False
parallel_1 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 0, 0))
parallel_2 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 1, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 0))
assert Line3D.are_concurrent(parallel_1, parallel_2) == False
# Finding angles
l1_1 = Line3D(p1, Point3D(5, 0, 0))
assert Line3D.angle_between(l1, l1_1), acos(sqrt(3)/3)
# Testing Rays and Segments (very similar to Lines)
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[4, 4, 4]) == \
Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(5, 5, 5))
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 2, 3]) == \
Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 3, 4))
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 1, 1]) == \
Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))
r1 = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(-1, 5, 0))
r2 = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(-1, 1, 1))
r3 = Ray3D(p1, p2)
r4 = Ray3D(p2, p1)
r5 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 1, 1), Point3D(1, 2, 0))
assert l1.projection(r1) == [
Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(4/3, 4/3, 4/3))]
assert l1.projection(r2) == [
Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1/3, 1/3, 1/3))]
assert r3 != r1
t = Symbol('t', real=True)
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), direction_ratio=[1, 2, 3]).arbitrary_point() == \
Point3D(t + 1, 2*t + 1, 3*t + 1)
r6 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(0, 4, 0))
r7 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 1, 1), Point3D(0, -1, 1))
assert r6.intersection(r7) == []
s1 = Segment3D(p1, p2)
s2 = Segment3D(p3, p4)
assert s1.midpoint == \
Point3D(Rational(1, 2), Rational(1, 2), Rational(1, 2))
assert s2.length == sqrt(3)*sqrt((x1 - y1)**2)
assert Segment3D((1, 1, 1), (2, 3, 4)).arbitrary_point() == \
Point3D(t + 1, 2*t + 1, 3*t + 1)
# Segment contains
s = Segment3D((0, 1, 0), (0, 1, 0))
assert Point3D(0, 1, 0) in s
s = Segment3D((1, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0))
assert Point3D(1, 0, 0) in s
# Testing distance from a Segment to an object
s1 = Segment3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1))
s2 = Segment3D(Point3D(1/2, 1/2, 1/2), Point3D(1, 0, 1))
pt1 = Point3D(0, 0, 0)
pt2 = Point3D(Rational(3)/2, Rational(3)/2, Rational(3)/2)
assert s1.distance(pt1) == 0
assert s2.distance(pt1) == sqrt(3)/2
assert s2.distance(pt2) == 2
assert s1.distance((0,0,0)) == 0
assert s2.distance((0,0,0)) == sqrt(3)/2
# Line to point
p1, p2 = Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1)
s = Line3D(p1, p2)
assert s.distance(Point3D(-1, 1, 1)) == 2*sqrt(6)/3
assert s.distance(Point3D(1, -1, 1)) == 2*sqrt(6)/3
assert s.distance(Point3D(2, 2, 2)) == 0
assert s.distance((2, 2, 2)) == 0
assert s.distance((1, -1, 1)) == 2*sqrt(6)/3
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0)).distance(p1) == 0
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (0, 1, 0)).distance(p2) == sqrt(2)
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0)).distance(p1) == 0
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (1, 0, 0)).distance(p2) == sqrt(2)
# Ray to point
r = Ray3D(p1, p2)
assert r.distance(Point3D(-1, -1, -1)) == sqrt(3)
assert r.distance(Point3D(1, 1, 1)) == 0
assert r.distance((-1, -1, -1)) == sqrt(3)
assert r.distance((1, 1, 1)) == 0
assert Ray3D((1, 1, 1), (2, 2, 2)).distance(Point3D(1.5, 3, 1)) == \
sqrt(17)/2
# Special cases of projection and intersection
r1 = Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))
r2 = Ray3D(Point3D(2, 2, 2), Point3D(0, 0, 0))
r3 = Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(-1, -1, -1))
r4 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 4, 2), Point3D(-1, -5, -1))
r5 = Ray3D(Point3D(2, 2, 2), Point3D(3, 3, 3))
assert intersection(r1, r2) == \
[Segment3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))]
assert intersection(r1, r3) == [Point3D(1, 1, 1)]
r5 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 1, 1))
r6 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(2, 2, 2))
assert r5 in r6
assert r6 in r5
s1 = Segment3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(2, 2, 2))
s2 = Segment3D(Point3D(-1, 5, 2), Point3D(-5, -10, 0))
assert intersection(r1, s1) == [
Segment3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))]
l1 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(3, 4, 0))
r1 = Ray3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(3, 4, 0))
s1 = Segment3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(3, 4, 0))
assert intersection(l1, r1) == [r1]
assert intersection(l1, s1) == [s1]
assert intersection(r1, l1) == [r1]
assert intersection(s1, r1) == [s1]
# check that temporary symbol is Dummy
assert Line3D((0, 0), (t, t)).perpendicular_line((0, 1)) == \
Line3D(Point3D(0, 1, 0), Point3D(1/2, 1/2, 0))
assert Line3D((0, 0), (t, t)).perpendicular_segment((0, 1)) == \
Segment3D(Point3D(0, 1, 0), Point3D(1/2, 1/2, 0))
assert Line3D((0, 0), (t, t)).intersection(Line3D((0, 1), (t, t))) == \
[Point3D(t, t, 0)]
assert Line3D((0, 0, 0), (x, y, z)).contains((2*x, 2*y, 2*z))
# Test is_perpendicular
perp_1 = Line3D(p1, Point3D(0, 1, 0))
assert Line3D.is_perpendicular(parallel_1, perp_1) is True
assert Line3D.is_perpendicular(parallel_1, parallel_2) is False
# Test projection
assert parallel_1.projection(Point3D(5, 5, 0)) == Point3D(5, 0, 0)
assert parallel_1.projection(parallel_2) == [parallel_1]
raises(GeometryError, lambda: parallel_1.projection(Plane(p1, p2, p6)))
# Test __new__
assert Line3D(perp_1) == perp_1
raises(ValueError, lambda: Line3D(p1))
# Test contains
pt2d = Point(1.0, 1.0)
assert perp_1.contains(pt2d) is False
# Test equals
assert perp_1.equals(pt2d) is False
col1 = Line3D(Point3D(0, 0, 0), Point3D(1, 0, 0))
col2 = Line3D(Point3D(-5, 0, 0), Point3D(-1, 0, 0))
assert col1.equals(col2) is True
assert col1.equals(perp_1) is False
# Begin ray
# Test __new__
assert Ray3D(col1) == Ray3D(p1, Point3D(1, 0, 0))
raises(ValueError, lambda: Ray3D(pt2d))
# Test zdirection
negz = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(0, 0, -1))
assert negz.zdirection == S.NegativeInfinity
# Test contains
assert negz.contains(Segment3D(p1, Point3D(0, 0, -10))) is True
assert negz.contains(Segment3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(2, 2, 2))) is False
posy = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(0, 1, 0))
posz = Ray3D(p1, Point3D(0, 0, 1))
assert posy.contains(p1) is True
assert posz.contains(p1) is True
assert posz.contains(pt2d) is False
ray1 = Ray3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(1, 0, 0))
raises(TypeError, lambda: ray1.contains([]))
# Test equals
assert negz.equals(pt2d) is False
assert negz.equals(negz) is True
assert ray1.is_similar(Line3D(Point3D(1, 1, 1), Point3D(1, 0, 0))) is True
assert ray1.is_similar(perp_1) is False
raises(NotImplementedError, lambda: ray1.is_similar(ray1))
# Begin Segment
seg1 = Segment3D(p1, Point3D(1, 0, 0))
raises(TypeError, lambda: seg1.contains([]))
seg2= Segment3D(Point3D(2, 2, 2), Point3D(3, 2, 2))
assert seg1.contains(seg2) is False