def dmp_fateman_poly_F_1(n, K): """Fateman's GCD benchmark: trivial GCD """ u = [K(1), K(0)] for i in xrange(0, n): u = [dmp_one(i, K), u] v = [K(1), K(0), K(0)] for i in xrange(0, n): v = [dmp_one(i, K), dmp_zero(i), v] m = n - 1 U = dmp_add_term(u, dmp_ground(K(1), m), 0, n, K) V = dmp_add_term(u, dmp_ground(K(2), m), 0, n, K) f = [[-K(3), K(0)], [], [K(1), K(0), -K(1)]] W = dmp_add_term(v, dmp_ground(K(1), m), 0, n, K) Y = dmp_raise(f, m, 1, K) F = dmp_mul(U, V, n, K) G = dmp_mul(W, Y, n, K) H = dmp_one(n, K) return F, G, H
def _dmp_ff_trivial_gcd(f, g, u, K): """Handle trivial cases in GCD algorithm over a field. """ zero_f = dmp_zero_p(f, u) zero_g = dmp_zero_p(g, u) if zero_f and zero_g: return tuple(dmp_zeros(3, u, K)) elif zero_f: return (dmp_ground_monic(g, u, K), dmp_zero(u), dmp_ground(dmp_ground_LC(g, u, K), u)) elif zero_g: return (dmp_ground_monic(f, u, K), dmp_ground(dmp_ground_LC(f, u, K), u), dmp_zero(u)) elif query("USE_SIMPLIFY_GCD"): return _dmp_simplify_gcd(f, g, u, K) else: return None
def dmp_sqf_list_include(f, u, K, all=False): """ Return square-free decomposition of a polynomial in ``K[x]``. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ >>> from sympy.polys.sqfreetools import dmp_sqf_list_include >>> f = ZZ.map([[1], [2, 0], [1, 0, 0], [], [], []]) >>> dmp_sqf_list_include(f, 1, ZZ) [([[1]], 1), ([[1], [1, 0]], 2), ([[1], []], 3)] >>> dmp_sqf_list_include(f, 1, ZZ, all=True) [([[1]], 1), ([[1], [1, 0]], 2), ([[1], []], 3)] """ if not u: return dup_sqf_list_include(f, K, all=all) coeff, factors = dmp_sqf_list(f, u, K, all=all) if factors and factors[0][1] == 1: g = dmp_mul_ground(factors[0][0], coeff, u, K) return [(g, 1)] + factors[1:] else: g = dmp_ground(coeff, u) return [(g, 1)] + factors
def dmp_sqf_list_include(f, u, K, all=False): """ Return square-free decomposition of a polynomial in ``K[x]``. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys import ring, ZZ >>> R, x,y = ring("x,y", ZZ) >>> f = x**5 + 2*x**4*y + x**3*y**2 >>> R.dmp_sqf_list_include(f) [(1, 1), (x + y, 2), (x, 3)] >>> R.dmp_sqf_list_include(f, all=True) [(1, 1), (x + y, 2), (x, 3)] """ if not u: return dup_sqf_list_include(f, K, all=all) coeff, factors = dmp_sqf_list(f, u, K, all=all) if factors and factors[0][1] == 1: g = dmp_mul_ground(factors[0][0], coeff, u, K) return [(g, 1)] + factors[1:] else: g = dmp_ground(coeff, u) return [(g, 1)] + factors
def dup_real_imag(f, K): """ Return bivariate polynomials ``f1`` and ``f2``, such that ``f = f1 + f2*I``. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ >>> from sympy.polys.densetools import dup_real_imag >>> dup_real_imag([ZZ(1), ZZ(1), ZZ(1), ZZ(1)], ZZ) ([[1], [1], [-3, 0, 1], [-1, 0, 1]], [[3, 0], [2, 0], [-1, 0, 1, 0]]) """ if not K.is_ZZ and not K.is_QQ: raise DomainError( "computing real and imaginary parts is not supported over %s" % K) f1 = dmp_zero(1) f2 = dmp_zero(1) if not f: return f1, f2 g = [[[K.one, K.zero]], [[K.one], []]] h = dmp_ground(f[0], 2) for c in f[1:]: h = dmp_mul(h, g, 2, K) h = dmp_add_term(h, dmp_ground(c, 1), 0, 2, K) H = dup_to_raw_dict(h) for k, h in H.iteritems(): m = k % 4 if not m: f1 = dmp_add(f1, h, 1, K) elif m == 1: f2 = dmp_add(f2, h, 1, K) elif m == 2: f1 = dmp_sub(f1, h, 1, K) else: f2 = dmp_sub(f2, h, 1, K) return f1, f2
def __sub__(f, g): if not isinstance(g, DMP): try: g = f.per(dmp_ground(f.dom.convert(g), f.lev)) except TypeError: return NotImplemented return f.sub(g)
def dup_real_imag(f, K): """ Return bivariate polynomials ``f1`` and ``f2``, such that ``f = f1 + f2*I``. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys import ring, ZZ >>> R, x,y = ring("x,y", ZZ) >>> R.dup_real_imag(x**3 + x**2 + x + 1) (x**3 + x**2 - 3*x*y**2 + x - y**2 + 1, 3*x**2*y + 2*x*y - y**3 + y) """ if not K.is_ZZ and not K.is_QQ: raise DomainError("computing real and imaginary parts is not supported over %s" % K) f1 = dmp_zero(1) f2 = dmp_zero(1) if not f: return f1, f2 g = [[[K.one, K.zero]], [[K.one], []]] h = dmp_ground(f[0], 2) for c in f[1:]: h = dmp_mul(h, g, 2, K) h = dmp_add_term(h, dmp_ground(c, 1), 0, 2, K) H = dup_to_raw_dict(h) for k, h in H.items(): m = k % 4 if not m: f1 = dmp_add(f1, h, 1, K) elif m == 1: f2 = dmp_add(f2, h, 1, K) elif m == 2: f1 = dmp_sub(f1, h, 1, K) else: f2 = dmp_sub(f2, h, 1, K) return f1, f2
def __sub__(f, g): if not isinstance(g, DMP): try: g = f.per(dmp_ground(f.dom.convert(g), f.lev)) except TypeError: return NotImplemented except CoercionFailed, e: if f.ring is not None: g = f.ring.convert(g) else: raise e
def __init__(self, rep, dom, lev=None): if lev is not None: if type(rep) is dict: rep = dmp_from_dict(rep, lev, dom) elif type(rep) is not list: rep = dmp_ground(dom.convert(rep), lev) else: rep, lev = dmp_validate(rep) self.rep = rep self.lev = lev self.dom = dom
def _dmp_rr_trivial_gcd(f, g, u, K): """Handle trivial cases in GCD algorithm over a ring. """ zero_f = dmp_zero_p(f, u) zero_g = dmp_zero_p(g, u) if zero_f and zero_g: return tuple(dmp_zeros(3, u, K)) elif zero_f: if K.is_nonnegative(dmp_ground_LC(g, u, K)): return g, dmp_zero(u), dmp_one(u, K) else: return dmp_neg(g, u, K), dmp_zero(u), dmp_ground(-K.one, u) elif zero_g: if K.is_nonnegative(dmp_ground_LC(f, u, K)): return f, dmp_one(u, K), dmp_zero(u) else: return dmp_neg(f, u, K), dmp_ground(-K.one, u), dmp_zero(u) elif query('USE_SIMPLIFY_GCD'): return _dmp_simplify_gcd(f, g, u, K) else: return None
def dmp_factor_list_include(f, u, K): """Factor polynomials into irreducibles in `K[X]`. """ if not u: return dup_factor_list_include(f, K) coeff, factors = dmp_factor_list(f, u, K) if not factors: return [(dmp_ground(coeff, u), 1)] else: g = dmp_mul_ground(factors[0][0], coeff, u, K) return [(g, factors[0][1])] + factors[1:]
def __add__(f, g): if not isinstance(g, DMP): try: g = f.per(dmp_ground(f.dom.convert(g), f.lev)) except TypeError: return NotImplemented except (CoercionFailed, NotImplementedError): if f.ring is not None: try: g = f.ring.convert(g) except (CoercionFailed, NotImplementedError): return NotImplemented return f.add(g)
def _dmp_rr_trivial_gcd(f, g, u, K): """Handle trivial cases in GCD algorithm over a ring. """ zero_f = dmp_zero_p(f, u) zero_g = dmp_zero_p(g, u) if_contain_one = dmp_one_p(f, u, K) or dmp_one_p(g, u, K) if zero_f and zero_g: return tuple(dmp_zeros(3, u, K)) elif zero_f: if K.is_nonnegative(dmp_ground_LC(g, u, K)): return g, dmp_zero(u), dmp_one(u, K) else: return dmp_neg(g, u, K), dmp_zero(u), dmp_ground(-K.one, u) elif zero_g: if K.is_nonnegative(dmp_ground_LC(f, u, K)): return f, dmp_one(u, K), dmp_zero(u) else: return dmp_neg(f, u, K), dmp_ground(-K.one, u), dmp_zero(u) elif if_contain_one: return dmp_one(u, K), f, g elif query('USE_SIMPLIFY_GCD'): return _dmp_simplify_gcd(f, g, u, K) else: return None
def dmp_sub_ground(f, c, u, K): """ Subtract an element of the ground domain from ``f``. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys import ring, ZZ >>> R, x,y = ring("x,y", ZZ) >>> R.dmp_sub_ground(x**3 + 2*x**2 + 3*x + 4, ZZ(4)) x**3 + 2*x**2 + 3*x """ return dmp_sub_term(f, dmp_ground(c, u - 1), 0, u, K)
def dmp_sub_ground(f, c, u, K): """ Subtract an element of the ground domain from ``f``. **Examples** >>> from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ >>> from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_sub_ground >>> f = ZZ.map([[1], [2], [3], [4]]) >>> dmp_sub_ground(f, ZZ(4), 1, ZZ) [[1], [2], [3], []] """ return dmp_sub_term(f, dmp_ground(c, u - 1), 0, u, K)
def dmp_sub_ground(f, c, u, K): """ Subtract an element of the ground domain from ``f``. **Examples** >>> from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ >>> from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_sub_ground >>> f = ZZ.map([[1], [2], [3], [4]]) >>> dmp_sub_ground(f, ZZ(4), 1, ZZ) [[1], [2], [3], []] """ return dmp_sub_term(f, dmp_ground(c, u-1), 0, u, K)
def dmp_add_ground(f, c, u, K): """ Add an element of the ground domain to ``f``. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ >>> from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_add_ground >>> f = ZZ.map([[1], [2], [3], [4]]) >>> dmp_add_ground(f, ZZ(4), 1, ZZ) [[1], [2], [3], [8]] """ return dmp_add_term(f, dmp_ground(c, u - 1), 0, u, K)
def dmp_fateman_poly_F_3(n, K): """Fateman's GCD benchmark: sparse inputs (deg f ~ vars f) """ u = dup_from_raw_dict({n+1: K.one}, K) for i in xrange(0, n-1): u = dmp_add_term([u], dmp_one(i, K), n+1, i+1, K) v = dmp_add_term(u, dmp_ground(K(2), n-2), 0, n, K) f = dmp_sqr(dmp_add_term([dmp_neg(v, n-1, K)], dmp_one(n-1, K), n+1, n, K), n, K) g = dmp_sqr(dmp_add_term([v], dmp_one(n-1, K), n+1, n, K), n, K) v = dmp_add_term(u, dmp_one(n-2, K), 0, n-1, K) h = dmp_sqr(dmp_add_term([v], dmp_one(n-1, K), n+1, n, K), n, K) return dmp_mul(f, h, n, K), dmp_mul(g, h, n, K), h
def dmp_add_ground(f, c, u, K): """ Add an element of the ground domain to ``f``. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ >>> from sympy.polys.densearith import dmp_add_ground >>> f = ZZ.map([[1], [2], [3], [4]]) >>> dmp_add_ground(f, ZZ(4), 1, ZZ) [[1], [2], [3], [8]] """ return dmp_add_term(f, dmp_ground(c, u-1), 0, u, K)
def dmp_fateman_poly_F_2(n, K): """Fateman's GCD benchmark: linearly dense quartic inputs """ u = [K(1), K(0)] for i in xrange(0, n - 1): u = [dmp_one(i, K), u] m = n - 1 v = dmp_add_term(u, dmp_ground(K(2), m - 1), 0, n, K) f = dmp_sqr([dmp_one(m, K), dmp_neg(v, m, K)], n, K) g = dmp_sqr([dmp_one(m, K), v], n, K) v = dmp_add_term(u, dmp_one(m - 1, K), 0, n, K) h = dmp_sqr([dmp_one(m, K), v], n, K) return dmp_mul(f, h, n, K), dmp_mul(g, h, n, K), h
def dmp_fateman_poly_F_2(n, K): """Fateman's GCD benchmark: linearly dense quartic inputs """ u = [K(1), K(0)] for i in range(0, n - 1): u = [dmp_one(i, K), u] m = n - 1 v = dmp_add_term(u, dmp_ground(K(2), m - 1), 0, n, K) f = dmp_sqr([dmp_one(m, K), dmp_neg(v, m, K)], n, K) g = dmp_sqr([dmp_one(m, K), v], n, K) v = dmp_add_term(u, dmp_one(m - 1, K), 0, n, K) h = dmp_sqr([dmp_one(m, K), v], n, K) return dmp_mul(f, h, n, K), dmp_mul(g, h, n, K), h
def _parse(cls, rep, dom, lev=None): if type(rep) is tuple: num, den = rep if lev is not None: if type(num) is dict: num = dmp_from_dict(num, lev, dom) if type(den) is dict: den = dmp_from_dict(den, lev, dom) else: num, num_lev = dmp_validate(num) den, den_lev = dmp_validate(den) if num_lev == den_lev: lev = num_lev else: raise ValueError('inconsistent number of levels') if dmp_zero_p(den, lev): raise ZeroDivisionError('fraction denominator') if dmp_zero_p(num, lev): den = dmp_one(lev, dom) else: if dmp_negative_p(den, lev, dom): num = dmp_neg(num, lev, dom) den = dmp_neg(den, lev, dom) else: num = rep if lev is not None: if type(num) is dict: num = dmp_from_dict(num, lev, dom) elif type(num) is not list: num = dmp_ground(dom.convert(num), lev) else: num, lev = dmp_validate(num) den = dmp_one(lev, dom) return num, den, lev
def dmp_factor_list(f, u, K0, **args): """Factor polynomials into irreducibles in `K[X]`. """ if not u: return dup_factor_list(f, K0, **args) if not K0.has_CharacteristicZero: # pragma: no cover raise DomainError('only characteristic zero allowed') if K0.is_Algebraic: coeff, factors = dmp_ext_factor(f, u, K0) else: if not K0.is_Exact: K0_inexact, K0 = K0, K0.get_exact() f = dmp_convert(f, u, K0_inexact, K0) else: K0_inexact = None if K0.has_Field: K = K0.get_ring() denom, f = dmp_ground_to_ring(f, u, K0, K) f = dmp_convert(f, u, K0, K) else: K = K0 if K.is_ZZ: coeff, factors = _dmp_inner_factor(f, u, K) elif K.is_Poly: f, v = dmp_inject(f, u, K) coeff, factors = dmp_factor_list(f, v, K.dom, **args) for i, (f, k) in enumerate(factors): factors[i] = (dmp_eject(f, v, K), k) coeff = K.convert(coeff, K.dom) else: # pragma: no cover raise DomainError('factorization not supported over %s' % K0) if K0.has_Field: for i, (f, k) in enumerate(factors): factors[i] = (dmp_convert(f, u, K, K0), k) coeff = K0.convert(coeff, K) denom = K0.convert(denom, K) coeff = K0.quo(coeff, denom) if K0_inexact is not None: for i, (f, k) in enumerate(factors): factors[i] = (dmp_convert(f, u, K0, K0_inexact), k) coeff = K0_inexact.convert(coeff, K0) if not args.get('include', False): return coeff, factors else: if not factors: return [(dmp_ground(coeff, u), 1)] else: g = dmp_mul_ground(factors[0][0], coeff, u, K) return [(g, factors[0][1])] + factors[1:]
def test_dmp_ground(): assert dmp_ground(ZZ(0), 2) == [[[]]] assert dmp_ground(ZZ(7),-1) == ZZ(7) assert dmp_ground(ZZ(7), 0) == [ZZ(7)] assert dmp_ground(ZZ(7), 2) == [[[ZZ(7)]]]
def dmp_inner_subresultants(f, g, u, K): """ Subresultant PRS algorithm in `K[X]`. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys import ring, ZZ >>> R, x,y = ring("x,y", ZZ) >>> f = 3*x**2*y - y**3 - 4 >>> g = x**2 + x*y**3 - 9 >>> a = 3*x*y**4 + y**3 - 27*y + 4 >>> b = -3*y**10 - 12*y**7 + y**6 - 54*y**4 + 8*y**3 + 729*y**2 - 216*y + 16 >>> prs = [f, g, a, b] >>> beta = [[-1], [1], [9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]] >>> delta = [0, 1, 1] >>> R.dmp_inner_subresultants(f, g) == (prs, beta, delta) True """ if not u: return dup_inner_subresultants(f, g, K) n = dmp_degree(f, u) m = dmp_degree(g, u) if n < m: f, g = g, f n, m = m, n R = [f, g] d = n - m v = u - 1 b = dmp_pow(dmp_ground(-K.one, v), d + 1, v, K) c = dmp_ground(-K.one, v) B, D = [b], [d] if dmp_zero_p(f, u) or dmp_zero_p(g, u): return R, B, D h = dmp_prem(f, g, u, K) h = dmp_mul_term(h, b, 0, u, K) while not dmp_zero_p(h, u): k = dmp_degree(h, u) R.append(h) lc = dmp_LC(g, K) p = dmp_pow(dmp_neg(lc, v, K), d, v, K) if not d: q = c else: q = dmp_pow(c, d - 1, v, K) c = dmp_quo(p, q, v, K) b = dmp_mul(dmp_neg(lc, v, K), dmp_pow(c, m - k, v, K), v, K) f, g, m, d = g, h, k, m - k B.append(b) D.append(d) h = dmp_prem(f, g, u, K) h = [ dmp_quo(ch, b, v, K) for ch in h ] return R, B, D
def dmp_inner_subresultants(f, g, u, K): """ Subresultant PRS algorithm in ``K[X]``. **Examples** >>> from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ >>> from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_inner_subresultants >>> f = ZZ.map([[3, 0], [], [-1, 0, 0, -4]]) >>> g = ZZ.map([[1], [1, 0, 0, 0], [-9]]) >>> a = [[3, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 0, -27, 4]] >>> b = [[-3, 0, 0, -12, 1, 0, -54, 8, 729, -216, 16]] >>> R = ZZ.map([f, g, a, b]) >>> B = ZZ.map([[-1], [1], [9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]) >>> D = ZZ.map([0, 1, 1]) >>> dmp_inner_subresultants(f, g, 1, ZZ) == (R, B, D) True """ if not u: return dup_inner_subresultants(f, g, K) n = dmp_degree(f, u) m = dmp_degree(g, u) if n < m: f, g = g, f n, m = m, n R = [f, g] d = n - m v = u - 1 b = dmp_pow(dmp_ground(-K.one, v), d+1, v, K) c = dmp_ground(-K.one, v) B, D = [b], [d] if dmp_zero_p(f, u) or dmp_zero_p(g, u): return R, B, D h = dmp_prem(f, g, u, K) h = dmp_mul_term(h, b, 0, u, K) while not dmp_zero_p(h, u): k = dmp_degree(h, u) R.append(h) lc = dmp_LC(g, K) p = dmp_pow(dmp_neg(lc, v, K), d, v, K) if not d: q = c else: q = dmp_pow(c, d-1, v, K) c = dmp_exquo(p, q, v, K) b = dmp_mul(dmp_neg(lc, v, K), dmp_pow(c, m-k, v, K), v, K) f, g, m, d = g, h, k, m-k B.append(b) D.append(d) h = dmp_prem(f, g, u, K) h = [ dmp_exquo(ch, b, v, K) for ch in h ] return R, B, D
def dmp_inner_subresultants(f, g, u, K): """ Subresultant PRS algorithm in `K[X]`. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys.domains import ZZ >>> from sympy.polys.euclidtools import dmp_inner_subresultants >>> f = ZZ.map([[3, 0], [], [-1, 0, 0, -4]]) >>> g = ZZ.map([[1], [1, 0, 0, 0], [-9]]) >>> a = [[3, 0, 0, 0, 0], [1, 0, -27, 4]] >>> b = [[-3, 0, 0, -12, 1, 0, -54, 8, 729, -216, 16]] >>> R = ZZ.map([f, g, a, b]) >>> B = ZZ.map([[-1], [1], [9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]]) >>> D = ZZ.map([0, 1, 1]) >>> dmp_inner_subresultants(f, g, 1, ZZ) == (R, B, D) True """ if not u: return dup_inner_subresultants(f, g, K) n = dmp_degree(f, u) m = dmp_degree(g, u) if n < m: f, g = g, f n, m = m, n R = [f, g] d = n - m v = u - 1 b = dmp_pow(dmp_ground(-K.one, v), d + 1, v, K) c = dmp_ground(-K.one, v) B, D = [b], [d] if dmp_zero_p(f, u) or dmp_zero_p(g, u): return R, B, D h = dmp_prem(f, g, u, K) h = dmp_mul_term(h, b, 0, u, K) while not dmp_zero_p(h, u): k = dmp_degree(h, u) R.append(h) lc = dmp_LC(g, K) p = dmp_pow(dmp_neg(lc, v, K), d, v, K) if not d: q = c else: q = dmp_pow(c, d - 1, v, K) c = dmp_quo(p, q, v, K) b = dmp_mul(dmp_neg(lc, v, K), dmp_pow(c, m - k, v, K), v, K) f, g, m, d = g, h, k, m - k B.append(b) D.append(d) h = dmp_prem(f, g, u, K) h = [dmp_quo(ch, b, v, K) for ch in h] return R, B, D
def dmp_inner_subresultants(f, g, u, K): """ Subresultant PRS algorithm in `K[X]`. Examples ======== >>> from sympy.polys import ring, ZZ >>> R, x,y = ring("x,y", ZZ) >>> f = 3*x**2*y - y**3 - 4 >>> g = x**2 + x*y**3 - 9 >>> a = 3*x*y**4 + y**3 - 27*y + 4 >>> b = -3*y**10 - 12*y**7 + y**6 - 54*y**4 + 8*y**3 + 729*y**2 - 216*y + 16 >>> prs = [f, g, a, b] >>> sres = [[1], [1], [3, 0, 0, 0, 0], [-3, 0, 0, -12, 1, 0, -54, 8, 729, -216, 16]] >>> R.dmp_inner_subresultants(f, g) == (prs, sres) True """ if not u: return dup_inner_subresultants(f, g, K) n = dmp_degree(f, u) m = dmp_degree(g, u) if n < m: f, g = g, f n, m = m, n if dmp_zero_p(f, u): return [], [] v = u - 1 if dmp_zero_p(g, u): return [f], [dmp_ground(K.one, v)] R = [f, g] d = n - m b = dmp_pow(dmp_ground(-K.one, v), d + 1, v, K) h = dmp_prem(f, g, u, K) h = dmp_mul_term(h, b, 0, u, K) lc = dmp_LC(g, K) c = dmp_pow(lc, d, v, K) S = [dmp_ground(K.one, v), c] c = dmp_neg(c, v, K) while not dmp_zero_p(h, u): k = dmp_degree(h, u) R.append(h) f, g, m, d = g, h, k, m - k b = dmp_mul(dmp_neg(lc, v, K), dmp_pow(c, d, v, K), v, K) h = dmp_prem(f, g, u, K) h = [ dmp_quo(ch, b, v, K) for ch in h ] lc = dmp_LC(g, K) if d > 1: p = dmp_pow(dmp_neg(lc, v, K), d, v, K) q = dmp_pow(c, d - 1, v, K) c = dmp_quo(p, q, v, K) else: c = dmp_neg(lc, v, K) S.append(dmp_neg(c, v, K)) return R, S