def build_tagger(
embed: Model[Array2d, Array2d],
encode: Model[Padded, Padded],
predict: Model[Array2d, Array2d],
) -> Model[List[Array2d], Padded]:
model = chain(
list2padded(),
with_array(embed),
encode,
with_array(predict),
)
model.set_ref("embed", embed)
model.set_ref("encode", encode)
model.set_ref("predict", model.layers[-1])
return model
def MaxoutWindowEncoder(width: int, window_size: int, maxout_pieces: int,
depth: int) -> Model[List[Floats2d], List[Floats2d]]:
"""Encode context using convolutions with maxout activation, layer
normalization and residual connections.
width (int): The input and output width. These are required to be the same,
to allow residual connections. This value will be determined by the
width of the inputs. Recommended values are between 64 and 300.
window_size (int): The number of words to concatenate around each token
to construct the convolution. Recommended value is 1.
maxout_pieces (int): The number of maxout pieces to use. Recommended
values are 2 or 3.
depth (int): The number of convolutional layers. Recommended value is 4.
"""
cnn = chain(
expand_window(window_size=window_size),
Maxout(
nO=width,
nI=width * ((window_size * 2) + 1),
nP=maxout_pieces,
dropout=0.0,
normalize=True,
),
)
model = clone(residual(cnn), depth) # type: ignore[arg-type]
model.set_dim("nO", width)
receptive_field = window_size * depth
return with_array(model, pad=receptive_field) # type: ignore[arg-type]
def cnn_tagger(width: int, vector_width: int, nr_classes: int = 17):
with Model.define_operators({">>": chain}):
model = strings2arrays() >> with_array(
HashEmbed(nO=width, nV=vector_width, column=0) >> expand_window(
window_size=1) >> Relu(nO=width, nI=width * 3) >> Relu(
nO=width, nI=width) >> Softmax(nO=nr_classes, nI=width))
return model
def noop_models():
return [
with_padded(noop()),
with_array(noop()),
with_array2d(noop()),
with_list(noop()),
with_ragged(noop())
]
def get_array_model():
def _trim_array_forward(model, X, is_train):
def backprop(dY):
return model.ops.alloc2f(dY.shape[0], dY.shape[1] + 1)
return X[:, :-1], backprop
return with_array(Model("trimarray", _trim_array_forward))
def TransformersTagger(
starter: str, n_tags: int = 17
) -> Model[List[List[str]], List[Floats2d]]:
return chain(
TransformersTokenizer(starter),
Transformer(starter),
with_array(Softmax(nO=n_tags)),
)
def test_pickle_with_flatten(linear):
Xs = [linear.ops.alloc2f(2, 3), linear.ops.alloc2f(4, 3)]
model = with_array(linear).initialize()
pickled = srsly.pickle_dumps(model)
loaded = srsly.pickle_loads(pickled)
Ys = loaded.predict(Xs)
assert len(Ys) == 2
assert Ys[0].shape == (Xs[0].shape[0], linear.get_dim("nO"))
assert Ys[1].shape == (Xs[1].shape[0], linear.get_dim("nO"))
def Tok2Vec_v1(
embed: Model[List[Doc], List[Floats2d]],
encode: Model[Floats2d, Floats2d],
) -> Model[List[Doc], List[Floats2d]]:
"""Construct a tok2vec model out of embedding and encoding subnetworks.
See https://explosion.ai/blog/deep-learning-formula-nlp
embed (Model[List[Doc], List[Floats2d]]): Embed tokens into context-independent
word vector representations.
encode (Model[List[Floats2d], List[Floats2d]]): Encode context into the
embeddings, using an architecture such as a CNN, BiLSTM or transformer.
"""
receptive_field = encode.attrs.get("receptive_field", 0)
tok2vec = chain(embed, with_array(encode, pad=receptive_field))
tok2vec.set_dim("nO", encode.get_dim("nO"))
tok2vec.set_ref("embed", embed)
tok2vec.set_ref("encode", encode)
return tok2vec
def build_tagger_model(
tok2vec: Model[List[Doc], List[Floats2d]],
nO: Optional[int] = None) -> Model[List[Doc], List[Floats2d]]:
"""Build a tagger model, using a provided token-to-vector component. The tagger
model simply adds a linear layer with softmax activation to predict scores
given the token vectors.
tok2vec (Model[List[Doc], List[Floats2d]]): The token-to-vector subnetwork.
nO (int or None): The number of tags to output. Inferred from the data if None.
"""
# TODO: glorot_uniform_init seems to work a bit better than zero_init here?!
t2v_width = tok2vec.get_dim("nO") if tok2vec.has_dim("nO") else None
output_layer = Softmax(nO, t2v_width, init_W=zero_init)
softmax = with_array(output_layer) # type: ignore
model = chain(tok2vec, softmax)
model.set_ref("tok2vec", tok2vec)
model.set_ref("softmax", output_layer)
model.set_ref("output_layer", output_layer)
return model
def MishWindowEncoder(width: int, window_size: int,
depth: int) -> Model[List[Floats2d], List[Floats2d]]:
"""Encode context using convolutions with mish activation, layer
normalization and residual connections.
width (int): The input and output width. These are required to be the same,
to allow residual connections. This value will be determined by the
width of the inputs. Recommended values are between 64 and 300.
window_size (int): The number of words to concatenate around each token
to construct the convolution. Recommended value is 1.
depth (int): The number of convolutional layers. Recommended value is 4.
"""
cnn = chain(
expand_window(window_size=window_size),
Mish(nO=width,
nI=width * ((window_size * 2) + 1),
dropout=0.0,
normalize=True),
)
model = clone(residual(cnn), depth)
model.set_dim("nO", width)
return with_array(model)
def create_embed_relu_relu_softmax(depth, width, vector_length):
with Model.define_operators({">>": chain}):
model = strings2arrays() >> with_array(
HashEmbed(width, vector_length) >> expand_window(window_size=1) >>
ReLu(width, width * 3) >> ReLu(width, width) >> Softmax(17, width))
return model
def CharacterEmbed(
width: int,
rows: int,
nM: int,
nC: int,
include_static_vectors: bool,
feature: Union[int, str] = "LOWER",
) -> Model[List[Doc], List[Floats2d]]:
"""Construct an embedded representation based on character embeddings, using
a feed-forward network. A fixed number of UTF-8 byte characters are used for
each word, taken from the beginning and end of the word equally. Padding is
used in the centre for words that are too short.
For instance, let's say nC=4, and the word is "jumping". The characters
used will be jung (two from the start, two from the end). If we had nC=8,
the characters would be "jumpping": 4 from the start, 4 from the end. This
ensures that the final character is always in the last position, instead
of being in an arbitrary position depending on the word length.
The characters are embedded in a embedding table with a given number of rows,
and the vectors concatenated. A hash-embedded vector of the LOWER of the word is
also concatenated on, and the result is then passed through a feed-forward
network to construct a single vector to represent the information.
feature (int or str): An attribute to embed, to concatenate with the characters.
width (int): The width of the output vector and the feature embedding.
rows (int): The number of rows in the LOWER hash embedding table.
nM (int): The dimensionality of the character embeddings. Recommended values
are between 16 and 64.
nC (int): The number of UTF-8 bytes to embed per word. Recommended values
are between 3 and 8, although it may depend on the length of words in the
language.
include_static_vectors (bool): Whether to also use static word vectors.
Requires a vectors table to be loaded in the Doc objects' vocab.
"""
feature = intify_attr(feature)
if feature is None:
raise ValueError(Errors.E911.format(feat=feature))
char_embed = chain(
_character_embed.CharacterEmbed(nM=nM, nC=nC),
cast(Model[List[Floats2d], Ragged], list2ragged()),
)
feature_extractor: Model[List[Doc], Ragged] = chain(
FeatureExtractor([feature]),
cast(Model[List[Ints2d], Ragged], list2ragged()),
with_array(HashEmbed(nO=width, nV=rows, column=0,
seed=5)), # type: ignore
)
max_out: Model[Ragged, Ragged]
if include_static_vectors:
max_out = with_array(
Maxout(width,
nM * nC + (2 * width),
nP=3,
normalize=True,
dropout=0.0) # type: ignore
)
model = chain(
concatenate(
char_embed,
feature_extractor,
StaticVectors(width, dropout=0.0),
),
max_out,
cast(Model[Ragged, List[Floats2d]], ragged2list()),
)
else:
max_out = with_array(
Maxout(width, nM * nC + width, nP=3, normalize=True,
dropout=0.0) # type: ignore
)
model = chain(
concatenate(
char_embed,
feature_extractor,
),
max_out,
cast(Model[Ragged, List[Floats2d]], ragged2list()),
)
return model
def MultiHashEmbed(
width: int,
attrs: List[Union[str, int]],
rows: List[int],
include_static_vectors: bool,
) -> Model[List[Doc], List[Floats2d]]:
"""Construct an embedding layer that separately embeds a number of lexical
attributes using hash embedding, concatenates the results, and passes it
through a feed-forward subnetwork to build a mixed representation.
The features used can be configured with the 'attrs' argument. The suggested
attributes are NORM, PREFIX, SUFFIX and SHAPE. This lets the model take into
account some subword information, without constructing a fully character-based
representation. If pretrained vectors are available, they can be included in
the representation as well, with the vectors table will be kept static
(i.e. it's not updated).
The `width` parameter specifies the output width of the layer and the widths
of all embedding tables. If static vectors are included, a learned linear
layer is used to map the vectors to the specified width before concatenating
it with the other embedding outputs. A single Maxout layer is then used to
reduce the concatenated vectors to the final width.
The `rows` parameter controls the number of rows used by the `HashEmbed`
tables. The HashEmbed layer needs surprisingly few rows, due to its use of
the hashing trick. Generally between 2000 and 10000 rows is sufficient,
even for very large vocabularies. A number of rows must be specified for each
table, so the `rows` list must be of the same length as the `attrs` parameter.
width (int): The output width. Also used as the width of the embedding tables.
Recommended values are between 64 and 300.
attrs (list of attr IDs): The token attributes to embed. A separate
embedding table will be constructed for each attribute.
rows (List[int]): The number of rows in the embedding tables. Must have the
same length as attrs.
include_static_vectors (bool): Whether to also use static word vectors.
Requires a vectors table to be loaded in the Doc objects' vocab.
"""
if len(rows) != len(attrs):
raise ValueError(f"Mismatched lengths: {len(rows)} vs {len(attrs)}")
seed = 7
def make_hash_embed(index):
nonlocal seed
seed += 1
return HashEmbed(width,
rows[index],
column=index,
seed=seed,
dropout=0.0)
embeddings = [make_hash_embed(i) for i in range(len(attrs))]
concat_size = width * (len(embeddings) + include_static_vectors)
max_out: Model[Ragged, Ragged] = with_array(
Maxout(width, concat_size, nP=3, dropout=0.0,
normalize=True) # type: ignore
)
if include_static_vectors:
feature_extractor: Model[List[Doc], Ragged] = chain(
FeatureExtractor(attrs),
cast(Model[List[Ints2d], Ragged], list2ragged()),
with_array(concatenate(*embeddings)),
)
model = chain(
concatenate(
feature_extractor,
StaticVectors(width, dropout=0.0),
),
max_out,
cast(Model[Ragged, List[Floats2d]], ragged2list()),
)
else:
model = chain(
FeatureExtractor(list(attrs)),
cast(Model[List[Ints2d], Ragged], list2ragged()),
with_array(concatenate(*embeddings)),
max_out,
cast(Model[Ragged, List[Floats2d]], ragged2list()),
)
return model
def TextCatEnsemble_v1(
width: int,
embed_size: int,
pretrained_vectors: Optional[bool],
exclusive_classes: bool,
ngram_size: int,
window_size: int,
conv_depth: int,
dropout: Optional[float],
nO: Optional[int] = None,
) -> Model:
# Don't document this yet, I'm not sure it's right.
cols = [ORTH, LOWER, PREFIX, SUFFIX, SHAPE, ID]
with Model.define_operators({">>": chain, "|": concatenate, "**": clone}):
lower = HashEmbed(nO=width,
nV=embed_size,
column=cols.index(LOWER),
dropout=dropout,
seed=10)
prefix = HashEmbed(
nO=width // 2,
nV=embed_size,
column=cols.index(PREFIX),
dropout=dropout,
seed=11,
)
suffix = HashEmbed(
nO=width // 2,
nV=embed_size,
column=cols.index(SUFFIX),
dropout=dropout,
seed=12,
)
shape = HashEmbed(
nO=width // 2,
nV=embed_size,
column=cols.index(SHAPE),
dropout=dropout,
seed=13,
)
width_nI = sum(
layer.get_dim("nO") for layer in [lower, prefix, suffix, shape])
trained_vectors = FeatureExtractor(cols) >> with_array(
uniqued(
(lower | prefix | suffix | shape) >> Maxout(
nO=width, nI=width_nI, normalize=True),
column=cols.index(ORTH),
))
if pretrained_vectors:
static_vectors = StaticVectors(width)
vector_layer = trained_vectors | static_vectors
vectors_width = width * 2
else:
vector_layer = trained_vectors
vectors_width = width
tok2vec = vector_layer >> with_array(
Maxout(width, vectors_width, normalize=True) >>
residual((expand_window(window_size=window_size) >> Maxout(
nO=width, nI=width *
((window_size * 2) + 1), normalize=True)))**conv_depth,
pad=conv_depth,
)
cnn_model = (tok2vec >> list2ragged() >> ParametricAttention(width) >>
reduce_sum() >> residual(Maxout(nO=width, nI=width)) >>
Linear(nO=nO, nI=width) >> Dropout(0.0))
linear_model = build_bow_text_classifier(
nO=nO,
ngram_size=ngram_size,
exclusive_classes=exclusive_classes,
no_output_layer=False,
)
nO_double = nO * 2 if nO else None
if exclusive_classes:
output_layer = Softmax(nO=nO, nI=nO_double)
else:
output_layer = Linear(nO=nO,
nI=nO_double) >> Dropout(0.0) >> Logistic()
model = (linear_model | cnn_model) >> output_layer
model.set_ref("tok2vec", tok2vec)
if model.has_dim("nO") is not False:
model.set_dim("nO", nO)
model.set_ref("output_layer", linear_model.get_ref("output_layer"))
model.attrs["multi_label"] = not exclusive_classes
return model
