The `fit_transform` function in the `nilearn.input_data.NiftiMasker` class in Python's `nilearn` library is used to fit and transform the input data. It takes a Nifti image as input and applies a mask to it, filtering out the data outside the mask. The function first fits the masker to the input data by extracting the masker's internal representation of the mask. Then, it transforms the input data by applying this mask, resulting in a new set of masked data. The function returns the transformed masked data.
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