def extract_val(self) -> Any:
val = None
if self.raw.HasField("any_val"):
val = self.raw.any_val
elif self.raw.HasField("ascii_val"):
val = self.raw.ascii_val
elif self.raw.HasField("bool_val"):
val = self.raw.bool_val
elif self.raw.HasField("bytes_val"):
val = base64.b64encode(self.raw.bytes_val)
elif self.raw.HasField("decimal_val"):
val = self.raw.decimal_val
val = Decimal(str(val.digits / 10**val.precision))
elif self.raw.HasField("float_val"):
val = self.raw.float_val
elif self.raw.HasField("int_val"):
val = self.raw.int_val
elif self.raw.HasField("json_ietf_val"):
val = json.loads(self.raw.json_ietf_val)
elif self.raw.HasField("json_val"):
val = json.loads(self.raw.json_val)
elif self.raw.HasField("leaflist_val"):
val = []
for elem in self.raw.leaflist_val.element:
val.append(TypedValue_(elem).extract_val())
elif self.raw.HasField("proto_bytes"):
val = self.raw.proto_bytes
elif self.raw.HasField("string_val"):
val = self.raw.string_val
elif self.raw.HasField("uint_val"):
val = self.raw.uint_val
else:
raise ValueError("Unhandled typed value %s" % self.raw)
return val
def name_value_extractor(token_generator):
"""
Generator to extract a name and value from input.
Yields tuples of the form (name, value).
Input format should be of form:
name value1 [value2 value3 ...];
terminating with semicolon. If multiple values are present, they are
summed. For the special case where "name" begins with "CapGains" (case-
insensitive), the values extracted are 2-tuples containing a numeric value
representing the gain, and a length of time (in days). In the future, a 3-tuple may
contain the gain, the length of time, and a comment.
"""
field_name = re.compile(r'^[' + string.ascii_letters + r']')
capgain_name = re.compile(r'cap-?gain', re.IGNORECASE)
semicolon = re.compile(r'^;');
name = None
value = Decimal(0.0)
cap_gains_capture = False
for token in token_generator:
if re.match(capgain_name, token):
log.debug("Interpreted token {0} as special cap gain field name.".format(token))
cap_gains_capture = True
name = token
value = list()
elif re.match(field_name, token):
name = token
elif re.match(semicolon, token):
yield (name, value)
if (cap_gains_capture):
cap_gains_capture = False
name = None
value = Decimal(0.0)
else:
if (not cap_gains_capture):
# TODO: make sure to convert string to clean number
value += Decimal(token)
else:
## Read tokens in following order: purchase price, purchase date,
## sale price, sale date
## by advancing through token_generator's values
buy_price = Decimal(token)
buy_date = date(token_generator.__next__())
sell_price = Decimal(token_generator.__next__())
sell_date = date(token_generator.__next__())
if (buy_price < 0): # Purchase prices should be negative(cost).
buy_price *= -1
if (buy_date > sell_date):
raise InputError(
"Sell date {0} occurs after buy date {1}"
.format(sell_date, buy_date))
## Push back a tuple of form ( gain, days ) into the list
value.append( (sell_price + buy_price,
(sell_date - buy_date).days) )
def _calculate(self, rolls, environment):
T = self._initializeViterbi()
for roll in rolls:
U = {}
for next_state in DiceTypes:
total = Decimal(0)
argmax = []
valmax = Decimal(0)
# prob = None
# vpath = []
# vprobability = None
for state in DiceTypes:
objs = T[state]
prob = Decimal(objs[0])
vpath = objs[1]
vprobability = Decimal(objs[2])
trans_value = environment.get_transition_probability(
state, next_state)
env_value = environment.get_emission_probability(
state, roll.roll_value)
prop_value = env_value * trans_value
prob = prob * prop_value
vprobability = vprobability * prop_value
total = total + prob
if vprobability > valmax:
argmax.clear()
argmax.extend(vpath)
argmax.append(next_state)
valmax = vprobability
U[next_state] = [total, argmax, valmax]
T = U
total = Decimal(0)
argmax = []
valmax = Decimal(0)
for state in DiceTypes:
objs = T[state]
prob = Decimal(objs[0])
vpath = objs[1]
vprob = objs[2]
total = total.append(prob)
if vprob > valmax:
argmax.clear()
argmax.extend(vpath)
valmax = vprob
for k, v in T.items():
logger.info("{} {}".format(k, v))
return argmax
def _calculate(self, rolls, environment):
T = self._initializeViterbi()
for roll in rolls:
U = {}
for next_state in DiceTypes:
total = Decimal(0)
argmax = []
valmax = Decimal(0)
# prob = None
# vpath = []
# vprobability = None
for state in DiceTypes:
objs = T[state]
prob = Decimal(objs[0])
vpath = objs[1]
vprobability = Decimal(objs[2])
trans_value = environment.get_transition_probability(state, next_state)
env_value = environment.get_emission_probability(state, roll.roll_value)
prop_value = env_value * trans_value
prob = prob * prop_value
vprobability = vprobability * prop_value
total = total + prob
if vprobability > valmax:
argmax.clear()
argmax.extend(vpath)
argmax.append(next_state)
valmax = vprobability
U[next_state] = [total, argmax, valmax]
T = U
total = Decimal(0)
argmax = []
valmax = Decimal(0)
for state in DiceTypes:
objs = T[state]
prob = Decimal(objs[0])
vpath = objs[1]
vprob = objs [2]
total = total.append(prob)
if vprob > valmax:
argmax.clear()
argmax.extend(vpath)
valmax = vprob
for k, v in T.items():
logger.info("{} {}".format(k, v))
return argmax
def deserialize_decimals(value):
"""Counterpart to serialize_decimals().
Recursively turns dict representations of decimals back into
decimal.Decimal objects.
"""
if isinstance(value, dict) and '__ftw_publisher_serialized_obj__' in value:
if value.get('__type__') == 'Decimal':
retval = Decimal(value.get('value_str'))
elif isinstance(value, dict) or isinstance(value, PersistentMapping):
retval = value.__class__()
for key in value:
retval[key] = deserialize_decimals(value[key])
elif isinstance(value, list) or isinstance(value, PersistentList):
retval = value.__class__()
for item in value:
retval.append(deserialize_decimals(item))
else:
retval = value
return retval
def _read_item(buf, offset=0, unpack_from=unpack_from):
ftype = buf[offset]
offset += 1
# 'S': long string
if ftype == 'S':
slen, = unpack_from('>I', buf, offset)
offset += 4
val = buf[offset:offset + slen]
offset += slen
# 's': short string
elif ftype == 's':
slen, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
offset += 1
val = buf[offset:offset + slen]
offset += slen
# 'b': short-short int
elif ftype == 'b':
val, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
offset += 1
# 'B': short-short unsigned int
elif ftype == 'B':
val, = unpack_from('>b', buf, offset)
offset += 1
# 'U': short int
elif ftype == 'U':
val, = unpack_from('>h', buf, offset)
offset += 2
# 'u': short unsigned int
elif ftype == 'u':
val, = unpack_from('>H', buf, offset)
offset += 2
# 'I': long int
elif ftype == 'I':
val, = unpack_from('>i', buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'i': long unsigned int
elif ftype == 'i':
val, = unpack_from('>I', buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'L': long long int
elif ftype == 'L':
val, = unpack_from('>q', buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'l': long long unsigned int
elif ftype == 'l':
val, = unpack_from('>Q', buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'f': float
elif ftype == 'f':
val, = unpack_from('>f', buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'd': double
elif ftype == 'd':
val, = unpack_from('>d', buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'D': decimal
elif ftype == 'D':
d, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
offset += 1
n, = unpack_from('>i', buf, offset)
offset += 4
val = Decimal(n) / Decimal(10 ** d)
# 'F': table
elif ftype == 'F':
tlen, = unpack_from('>I', buf, offset)
offset += 4
limit = offset + tlen
val = {}
while offset < limit:
keylen, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
offset += 1
key = buf[offset:offset + keylen]
offset += keylen
val[key], offset = _read_item(buf, offset)
# 'A': array
elif ftype == 'A':
alen, = unpack_from('>I', buf, offset)
offset += 4
limit = offset + alen
val = []
while offset < limit:
v, offset = _read_item(buf, offset)
val.append(v)
# 't' (bool)
elif ftype == 't':
val, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
val = bool(val)
offset += 1
# 'T': timestamp
elif ftype == 'T':
val, = unpack_from('>Q', buf, offset)
offset += 8
val = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(val)
# 'V': void
elif ftype == 'V':
val = None
else:
raise FrameSyntaxError(
'Unknown value in table: {0!r} ({1!r})'.format(
ftype, type(ftype)))
return val, offset
def _read_item(buf, offset=0, unpack_from=unpack_from, ftype_t=ftype_t):
ftype = ftype_t(buf[offset]) if ftype_t else buf[offset]
offset += 1
# 'S': long string
if ftype == 'S':
slen, = unpack_from('>I', buf, offset)
offset += 4
val = _bytes_to_str(buf[offset:offset + slen])
offset += slen
# rabbitmq implement 's' not as short string
# see https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-common/issues/261
# 's': short string
# elif ftype == 's':
# slen, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
# offset += 1
# val = _bytes_to_str(buf[offset:offset + slen])
# offset += slen
# 'b': short-short int
elif ftype == 'b':
val, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
offset += 1
# 'B': short-short unsigned int
elif ftype == 'B':
val, = unpack_from('>b', buf, offset)
offset += 1
# RabbitMQ implement 's' as short int
# 'U': short int
elif ftype in ['U', 's']:
val, = unpack_from('>h', buf, offset)
offset += 2
# 'u': short unsigned int
elif ftype == 'u':
val, = unpack_from('>H', buf, offset)
offset += 2
# 'I': long int
elif ftype == 'I':
val, = unpack_from('>i', buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'i': long unsigned int
elif ftype == 'i':
val, = unpack_from('>I', buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'L': long long int
elif ftype == 'L':
val, = unpack_from('>q', buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'l': long long unsigned int
elif ftype == 'l':
val, = unpack_from('>Q', buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'f': float
elif ftype == 'f':
val, = unpack_from('>f', buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'd': double
elif ftype == 'd':
val, = unpack_from('>d', buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'D': decimal
elif ftype == 'D':
d, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
offset += 1
n, = unpack_from('>i', buf, offset)
offset += 4
val = Decimal(n) / Decimal(10**d)
# 'F': table
elif ftype == 'F':
tlen, = unpack_from('>I', buf, offset)
offset += 4
limit = offset + tlen
val = {}
while offset < limit:
keylen, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
offset += 1
key = _bytes_to_str(buf[offset:offset + keylen])
offset += keylen
val[key], offset = _read_item(buf, offset)
# 'A': array
elif ftype == 'A':
alen, = unpack_from('>I', buf, offset)
offset += 4
limit = offset + alen
val = []
while offset < limit:
v, offset = _read_item(buf, offset)
val.append(v)
# 't' (bool)
elif ftype == 't':
val, = unpack_from('>B', buf, offset)
val = bool(val)
offset += 1
# 'T': timestamp
elif ftype == 'T':
val, = unpack_from('>Q', buf, offset)
offset += 8
val = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(val)
# 'V': void
elif ftype == 'V':
val = None
else:
raise FrameSyntaxError('Unknown value in table: {0!r} ({1!r})'.format(
ftype, type(ftype)))
return val, offset
import sys a = list(map(int, sys.stdin.readlines())) print(sum(a[1:])) Напишите программу, которая находит сумму чётных чисел в числового ряда. Формат входных данных Числовой ряд, заканчивающийся нулём. Формат выходных данных Сумма чётных чисел. import sys a = list(map(int, sys.stdin.readlines())) b = [] for i in a: if i%2 == 0: b.append(i) print(sum(b)) def count_char(text, char): count = 0 for c in text: if c == char: count += 1 return count a = int(input()) b = int(input()) print(int((a*(a//b) + b*(b//a))/(b//a+a//b)))
def _read_item(buf, offset):
ftype = ftype_t(buf[offset]) if ftype_t else buf[offset]
offset += 1
# 'S': long string
if ftype == "S":
(slen, ) = unpack_from(">I", buf, offset)
offset += 4
try:
val = pstr_t(buf[offset:offset + slen])
except UnicodeDecodeError:
val = buf[offset:offset + slen]
offset += slen
# 's': short string
elif ftype == "s":
(slen, ) = unpack_from(">B", buf, offset)
offset += 1
val = pstr_t(buf[offset:offset + slen])
offset += slen
# 'x': Bytes Array
elif ftype == "x":
(blen, ) = unpack_from(">I", buf, offset)
offset += 4
val = buf[offset:offset + blen]
offset += blen
# 'b': short-short int
elif ftype == "b":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">B", buf, offset)
offset += 1
# 'B': short-short unsigned int
elif ftype == "B":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">b", buf, offset)
offset += 1
# 'U': short int
elif ftype == "U":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">h", buf, offset)
offset += 2
# 'u': short unsigned int
elif ftype == "u":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">H", buf, offset)
offset += 2
# 'I': long int
elif ftype == "I":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">i", buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'i': long unsigned int
elif ftype == "i":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">I", buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'L': long long int
elif ftype == "L":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">q", buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'l': long long unsigned int
elif ftype == "l":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">Q", buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'f': float
elif ftype == "f":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">f", buf, offset)
offset += 4
# 'd': double
elif ftype == "d":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">d", buf, offset)
offset += 8
# 'D': decimal
elif ftype == "D":
(d, ) = unpack_from(">B", buf, offset)
offset += 1
(n, ) = unpack_from(">i", buf, offset)
offset += 4
val = Decimal(n) / Decimal(10**d)
# 'F': table
elif ftype == "F":
(tlen, ) = unpack_from(">I", buf, offset)
offset += 4
limit = offset + tlen
val = {}
while offset < limit:
(keylen, ) = unpack_from(">B", buf, offset)
offset += 1
key = pstr_t(buf[offset:offset + keylen])
offset += keylen
val[key], offset = _read_item(buf, offset)
# 'A': array
elif ftype == "A":
(alen, ) = unpack_from(">I", buf, offset)
offset += 4
limit = offset + alen
val = []
while offset < limit:
v, offset = _read_item(buf, offset)
val.append(v)
# 't' (bool)
elif ftype == "t":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">B", buf, offset)
val = bool(val)
offset += 1
# 'T': timestamp
elif ftype == "T":
(val, ) = unpack_from(">Q", buf, offset)
offset += 8
val = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(val)
# 'V': void
elif ftype == "V":
val = None
else:
raise FrameSyntaxError("Unknown value in table: {0!r} ({1!r})".format(
ftype, type(ftype)))
return val, offset
a = 3
print(sq(5)) # expected 125 but 25 returned
### this happens because partial take the reference to the object
### assign another value to a create another object in memory
def my_func_8(a, b):
print(a, b)
a = [1, 2]
f5 = partial(my_func_8, a)
f5(100) # [1, 2] 100
a.append(3)
f5(100) # [1, 2, 3] 100
### it is only mutate the internal state of the same object, reference to list
### is the same
## applications examples
### distance between two points
origin = (0, 0)
l = [(1, 1), (0, 2), (-3, 2), (0, 0), (10, 10)]
dist2 = lambda a, b: (a[0] - b[0])**2 + (a[1] - b[1])**2
print(dist2((1, 1), origin)) # 2
print(sorted(l)) # doesn't work well
class GenericDataContainer:
"""A data container for storing some common Python types with some basic validation capabilities
"""
def __init__(self,
result_set_name: str = 'anonymous',
data_type: object = str,
data_validator: DataValidator = None,
logger=L):
self.data = None
self.data_type = data_type
if data_type.__name__ == 'str':
self.data = ''
elif data_type.__name__ == 'list' or data_type.__name__ == 'tuple':
self.data = list()
elif data_type.__name__ == 'int':
self.data = 0
elif data_type.__name__ == 'float':
self.data = 0.0
elif data_type.__name__ == 'Decimal':
self.data = Decimal('0.0')
elif data_type.__name__ == 'dict':
self.data = dict()
else:
raise Exception(
'Data type "{}" was not found in the current supported types: {}'
.format(data_type.__name__, ('str', 'list', 'tuple', 'int',
'float', 'Decimal', 'dict')))
self.data_validator = None
if data_validator is not None:
if isinstance(data_validator, DataValidator):
self.data_validator = data_validator
logger.info(
'Using DataValidator implementation of "{}"'.format(
self.data_validator.__class__.__name__))
else:
raise Exception(
'Invalid data validator type. Expected an implementation of DataValidator'
)
else:
logger.warning('No data validator set')
logger.info('GenericDataContainer "{}" ready'.format(result_set_name))
self.logger = logger
self.result_set_name = result_set_name
def _store_dict(self, data: object, key: object, **kwarg) -> int:
if key is None:
raise Exception(
'Expected a key value but found None (data_type was set to dict)'
)
if key in self.data:
self.logger.warning(
'Key "{}" already exists in dict - old value was replaced with new value'
.format(key))
if self.data_validator is not None:
if isinstance(self.data_validator, DataValidator):
if not self.data_validator.validate(data=data, **kwarg):
raise Exception('Dictionary validation failed')
self.logger.info(
'Validation for value passed. key="{}"'.format(key))
else:
# FIXME: The code below should be unreachable. Further scenarios in testing should be explored.
self.logger.warning(
'No DataValidator set - Dictionary value for key "{}" stored without validation! [2]'
.format(key)) # pragma: no cover
else:
self.logger.warning(
'No DataValidator set - Dictionary value for key "{}" stored without validation! [1]'
.format(key))
self.data[key] = data
return len(self.data)
def _store_str(self, data: object, key: object = None, **kwarg) -> int:
validated = False
if self.data_validator is not None:
if isinstance(self.data_validator, StringDataValidator):
validated = True
if not self.data_validator.validate(data=data, **kwarg):
raise Exception('String validation failed')
self.data = data
if not validated:
if data is None:
self.data = None
return 0
else:
self.data = '{}'.format(data)
return len(self.data)
def _store_list(self, data: object, key: object = None, **kwarg) -> int:
if self.data_validator is not None:
if isinstance(self.data_validator, DataValidator):
if not self.data_validator.validate(data=data, **kwarg):
raise Exception('List item validation failed')
self.logger.debug(
'Validation for value passed. New list size: {}'.format(
len(self.data) + 1))
else:
self.logger.warning(
'No DataValidator set - List value stored without validation! [2]. New list size: {}'
.format(len(self.data) + 1))
self.data.append(data)
return len(self.data)
def _store_tuple(self, data: object, key: object = None, **kwarg) -> int:
if data is None:
raise Exception(
'Input data cannot be None - expecting a list or tuple')
if type(data).__name__ not in ('list', 'tuple'):
raise Exception('Expecting a list or tuple but got "{}"'.format(
type(data)))
if self.data_validator is not None:
item_index = 0
for item in data:
if not self.data_validator.validate(data=item, **kwarg):
raise Exception(
'List item validation failed on item number {}'.format(
item_index))
item_index = item_index + 1
self.logger.info(
'Validation for value passed. New list size: {}'.format(
len(self.data) + 1))
if len(self.data) == 0 and type(self.data).__name__ == 'list':
if type(data).__name__ == 'list':
self.data = data
self.data = tuple(self.data)
elif type(data).__name__ == 'tuple':
self.data = data
else:
raise Exception(
'Tuple already set. You have to create another GenericDataContainer instance to store another tuple'
)
return len(self.data)
def _store_int(self, data: object, key: object = None, **kwarg) -> int:
if type(data).__name__ not in ('int', 'float', 'str'):
raise Exception(
'Expecting a int, float or str but got "{}"'.format(
type(data).__name__))
tmp_value = None
if isinstance(data, str):
tmp_value = int(float(data))
elif isinstance(data, float):
tmp_value = int(data)
elif isinstance(data, int):
tmp_value = data
self.data = tmp_value
if self.data_validator is not None:
if isinstance(self.data_validator, NumberDataValidator):
if self.data_validator.validate(data=self.data, **
kwarg) is False:
raise Exception('Input validation failed')
else:
raise Exception('Expected a NumberDataValidator')
return 1
def _store_float(self, data: object, key: object = None, **kwarg) -> int:
if isinstance(data, str):
self.data = float(data)
elif isinstance(data, int):
self.data = float(data)
elif isinstance(data, float):
self.data = data
else:
raise Exception('Could not convert input data to float')
if self.data_validator is not None:
if isinstance(self.data_validator, NumberDataValidator):
if self.data_validator.validate(data=self.data, **
kwarg) is False:
raise Exception('Input validation failed')
else:
raise Exception('Expected a NumberDataValidator')
return 1
def _store_decimal(self, data: object, key: object = None, **kwarg) -> int:
if isinstance(data, str) or isinstance(data, int) or isinstance(
data, float):
self.data = Decimal(data)
elif isinstance(data, Decimal):
self.data = data
else:
raise Exception('Could not convert input data to Decimal')
if self.data_validator is not None:
if isinstance(self.data_validator, NumberDataValidator):
if self.data_validator.validate(data=self.data, **
kwarg) is False:
raise Exception('Input validation failed')
else:
raise Exception('Expected a NumberDataValidator')
return 1
def store(self, data: object, key: object = None, **kwarg) -> int:
if self.data_type.__name__ == 'dict':
return self._store_dict(data=data, key=key, **kwarg)
elif self.data_type.__name__ == 'str':
return self._store_str(data=data, key=key, **kwarg)
elif self.data_type.__name__ == 'list':
return self._store_list(data=data, key=key, **kwarg)
elif self.data_type.__name__ == 'tuple':
return self._store_tuple(data=data, key=key, **kwarg)
elif self.data_type.__name__ == 'int':
return self._store_int(data=data, key=key, **kwarg)
elif self.data_type.__name__ == 'float':
return self._store_float(data=data, key=key, **kwarg)
elif self.data_type.__name__ == 'Decimal':
return self._store_decimal(data=data, key=key, **kwarg)
