class Window(QtWidgets.QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):
"""
重写修改该类即可实现自定义后端界面，相加什么按钮可以随便加，目前还只是个demo
self.canvas.draw() 每执行该函数，图形重绘
"""
def __init__(self, figure):
super(Window, self).__init__()
self.setupUi(self) # 先执行父类方法，以产生成员变量
self.figure = figure
self.canvas = FigureCanvas(self.figure) # 这里的canvas就是曲线图
self.toolbar = NavigationToolbar(self.canvas, self)
self.toolbar.hide() # 隐藏QT原来的工具栏
# self.graphicsView.addWidget(self.canvas) # 将canvas渲染到布局中
self.scene = QGraphicsScene()
self.scene.addWidget(self.canvas)
self.graphicsView.setScene(self.scene)
self.graphicsView.show()
self.actionX_X.triggered.connect(self.axes_control_slot)
# 初始化当前界面
self.init_gui()
# 槽函数连接
# 当前子图对象切换
self.current_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
self.saveAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/save.png')), 'save',
self)
self.saveAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+S')
self.saveAction.triggered.connect(self.save_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.saveAction)
self.settingAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/setting.png')),
'setting', self)
self.settingAction.triggered.connect(self.axes_control_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.settingAction)
self.homeAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/home.png')), 'home',
self)
self.homeAction.setShortcut('Ctrl+H')
self.homeAction.triggered.connect(self.home_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.homeAction)
self.backAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/back.png')), 'back',
self)
self.backAction.triggered.connect(self.back_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.backAction)
self.frontAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/front.png')), 'front',
self)
self.frontAction.triggered.connect(self.front_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.frontAction)
self.zoomAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/zoom.png')), 'zoom',
self)
self.zoomAction.triggered.connect(self.zoom_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.zoomAction)
self.panAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/pan.png')), '平移',
self)
self.panAction.triggered.connect(self.pan_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.panAction)
self.rotateAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/rotate.png')),
'rotate', self)
self.rotateAction.triggered.connect(self.rotate_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.rotateAction)
self.textAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/text.png')), 'text',
self)
self.textAction.triggered.connect(self.add_text_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.textAction)
self.rectAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/rect.png')), 'rect',
self)
self.rectAction.triggered.connect(self.add_rect_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.rectAction)
self.ovalAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/oval.png')), 'oval',
self)
self.ovalAction.triggered.connect(self.add_oval_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.ovalAction)
self.arrowAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/arrow.png')), 'arrow',
self)
self.arrowAction.triggered.connect(self.add_arrow_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.arrowAction)
self.pointAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/point.png')), 'point',
self)
self.pointAction.triggered.connect(self.add_point_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.pointAction)
self.styleAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/style.png')), 'style',
self)
self.styleAction.triggered.connect(self.add_style_slot)
self.toolBar.addAction(self.styleAction)
# 将下拉菜单放在最右边
self.toolBar.addSeparator()
spacer = QWidget()
spacer.setSizePolicy(QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Expanding)
self.toolBar.addWidget(spacer)
self.toolBar.addWidget(self.comboBox)
# 以上为工具栏1
self.gridAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/grid.png')),
'显示/隐藏网格', self)
self.gridAction.triggered.connect(self.show_grid_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.gridAction)
self.legendAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/legend.png')),
'显示/隐藏图例', self)
self.legendAction.triggered.connect(self.show_legend_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.legendAction)
self.colorbarAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/colorbar.png')),
'显示/隐藏colorbar', self)
self.colorbarAction.triggered.connect(self.show_colorbar_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.colorbarAction)
self.layoutAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/layout.png')), '改变布局',
self)
# self.layoutAction.triggered.connect(self.show_layout_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.layoutAction)
self.mainViewAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/mainView.png')),
'mainView', self)
self.mainViewAction.triggered.connect(self.mainView_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.mainViewAction)
self.leftViewAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/leftView.png')),
'leftView', self)
self.leftViewAction.triggered.connect(self.leftView_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.leftViewAction)
self.rightViewAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/rightView.png')),
'rightView', self)
self.rightViewAction.triggered.connect(self.rightView_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.rightViewAction)
self.topViewAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/topView.png')),
'topView', self)
self.topViewAction.triggered.connect(self.topView_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.topViewAction)
self.bottomViewAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/bottomView.png')),
'bottomView', self)
self.bottomViewAction.triggered.connect(self.bottomView_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.bottomViewAction)
self.backViewAction = QAction(
QIcon(os.path.join(self.current_path, 'icons/backView.png')),
'backView', self)
self.backViewAction.triggered.connect(self.backView_slot)
self.toolBar_2.addAction(self.backViewAction)
# 样式右键菜单功能集
self.setContextMenuPolicy(QtCore.Qt.CustomContextMenu)
self.customContextMenuRequested.connect(self.rightMenuShow)
self.rightMenuShow() # 创建上下文菜单
self.comboBox.currentIndexChanged.connect(self.combobox_slot)
# 获取子图对象
self.axes = self.canvas.figure.get_axes()
if not self.axes:
QtWidgets.QMessageBox.warning(self.canvas.parent(), "Error",
"There are no axes to edit.")
return
elif len(self.axes) == 1:
self.current_subplot, = self.axes
titles = ['图1']
else:
titles = ['图' + str(i + 1) for i in range(len(self.axes))]
# 将三维图的初始视角保存下来，便于旋转之后可以复原
self.init_views = [(index, item.azim, item.elev)
for index, item in enumerate(self.axes)
if hasattr(item, 'azim')]
self.comboBox.addItems(titles)
# 鼠标拖拽，实现三维图形旋转功能
self.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.on_rotate)
# 鼠标拖拽，实现画矩形功能
self.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.add_rect)
self.mouse_pressed = False
# 鼠标拖拽，实现画椭圆和按住shift画圆的功能实现
self.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.add_oval)
# 画箭头
self.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.add_arrow)
# 画点，并且按住点能够移动
self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.add_point)
self.canvas.mpl_connect('motion_notify_event', self.add_point)
self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_release_event', self.add_point)
self.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', self.add_point)
self.press_time = 0
# 记录鼠标运动的位置
self.rotate_mouse_point = None
self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.add_text)
# 为曲线添加样式的功能实现
self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.add_style)
self.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', self.add_style)
# 为图例绑定监听事件
self.canvas.mpl_connect('button_press_event', self.change_legend)
self.canvas.mpl_connect('pick_event', self.change_legend)
# 所有的按钮标志
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.artist = None
for ax in self.axes:
for line in ax.lines:
line.set_picker(True)
line.set_pickradius(5)
def make_flag_invalid(self):
self.add_rect_flag = False
self.add_oval_flag = False
self.add_text_flag = False
self.rotate_flag = False
self.home_flag = False
self.pan_flag = False
self.zoom_flag = False
self.add_arrow_flag = False
self.add_point_flag = False
self.add_style_flag = False
self.show_grid_flag = False
self.show_legend_flag = False
# 禁用移动和缩放
self.toolbar.mode = None
def home_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.home_flag = not self.home_flag
self.home()
def home(self):
"""
matplotlib lines里面放曲线，patches可以放图形，artists也可以放东西，设为空则可以删除对应的对象
"""
if not self.home_flag:
return
self.toolbar.home()
# 将三维图视角还原
for item in self.init_views:
self.axes[item[0]].view_init(azim=item[1], elev=item[2])
# 将所有添加的形状去除
for item in self.axes:
item.patches = []
item.artists = [] # 去除画在图中的点，是否需要去掉有待考究
self.canvas.draw()
def zoom_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.zoom_flag = not self.zoom_flag
self.zoom()
def zoom(self):
if not self.zoom_flag:
return
self.toolbar.zoom()
def pan_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.pan_flag = not self.pan_flag
self.pan()
def pan(self):
if not self.pan_flag:
return
self.toolbar.pan()
def save_slot(self):
self.toolbar.save_figure()
def front_slot(self):
self.toolbar._nav_stack.forward()
self.toolbar._update_view()
def back_slot(self):
self.toolbar._nav_stack.back()
self.toolbar._update_view()
def add_text_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.add_text_flag = not self.add_text_flag
def add_text(self, event):
if not self.add_text_flag:
return
if self.add_text_flag and event.xdata and event.ydata and not hasattr(
event.inaxes, 'azim'):
text, ok = QtWidgets.QInputDialog.getText(self.canvas.parent(),
'输入文字', '添加注释')
if ok and text:
event.inaxes.text(event.xdata, event.ydata, text)
# plt.text(event.xdata, event.ydata, text)
self.canvas.draw()
def rotate_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.rotate_flag = not self.rotate_flag
def on_rotate(self, event):
"""
通过观察发现，旋转时产生的xdata,ydata是以图像中心为原点，正负0.1范围内的数值
"""
if not self.rotate_flag:
return
# 如果鼠标移动过程有按下，视为拖拽，判断当前子图是否有azim属性来判断当前是否3D
if event.button and hasattr(event.inaxes, 'azim'):
for item in self.init_views:
if self.axes[item[0]] == event.inaxes:
delta_azim = 180 * event.xdata * -1 / 0.1
delta_elev = 180 * event.ydata / 0.1
azim = delta_azim + item[1]
elev = delta_elev + item[2]
event.inaxes.view_init(azim=azim, elev=elev)
self.canvas.draw()
def add_rect_slot(self):
# 除了本标记，其余全置False
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.add_rect_flag = not self.add_rect_flag
def add_rect(self, event):
if not self.add_rect_flag:
return
if not event.button and event.inaxes:
self.ax_init = event
if self.mouse_pressed and event.inaxes.patches:
event.inaxes.add_patch(event.inaxes.patches[0])
self.mouse_pressed = False
# 仅能在二维图形中画矩形，鼠标按下，且当前子图和初始点的子图相同
try:
if event.button and event.inaxes and event.inaxes == self.ax_init.inaxes and not hasattr(
event.inaxes, 'azim'):
self.mouse_pressed = True
if event.inaxes.patches:
event.inaxes.patches.pop()
rect = plt.Rectangle((self.ax_init.xdata, self.ax_init.ydata),
event.xdata - self.ax_init.xdata,
event.ydata - self.ax_init.ydata,
fill=False,
edgecolor='red',
linewidth=1)
event.inaxes.add_patch(rect)
self.canvas.draw()
self.canvas.flush_events()
except Exception:
pass
def add_oval_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.add_oval_flag = not self.add_oval_flag
def add_oval(self, event):
if not self.add_oval_flag:
return
if not event.button and event.inaxes:
self.ax_init = event
if self.mouse_pressed and event.inaxes.patches:
event.inaxes.add_patch(event.inaxes.patches[0])
self.mouse_pressed = False
try:
if event.button and event.inaxes and event.inaxes == self.ax_init.inaxes and not hasattr(
event.inaxes, 'azim'):
self.mouse_pressed = True
if event.inaxes.patches:
event.inaxes.patches.pop()
oval = Ellipse(xy=(self.ax_init.xdata, self.ax_init.ydata),
width=abs(event.xdata - self.ax_init.xdata) * 2,
height=abs(event.ydata - self.ax_init.ydata) *
2,
angle=0,
fill=False,
edgecolor='red',
linewidth=1)
event.inaxes.add_patch(oval)
self.canvas.draw()
self.canvas.flush_events()
except Exception:
pass
def add_arrow_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.add_arrow_flag = not self.add_arrow_flag
def add_arrow(self, event):
if not self.add_arrow_flag:
return
if not event.button and event.inaxes:
self.ax_init = event
if self.mouse_pressed and event.inaxes.patches:
event.inaxes.add_patch(event.inaxes.patches[0])
self.mouse_pressed = False
try:
if event.button and event.inaxes and event.inaxes == self.ax_init.inaxes and not hasattr(
event.inaxes, 'azim'):
self.mouse_pressed = True
if event.inaxes.patches:
event.inaxes.patches.pop()
arrow = event.inaxes.arrow(self.ax_init.xdata,
self.ax_init.ydata,
event.xdata - self.ax_init.xdata,
event.ydata - self.ax_init.ydata,
width=0.01,
length_includes_head=True,
head_width=0.05,
head_length=0.1,
fc='r',
ec='r')
event.inaxes.add_patch(arrow)
# 请恕我无知，我也不懂这里为什么还要pop一次，我不想思考，但的确这样是正确的。
if event.inaxes.patches:
event.inaxes.patches.pop()
self.canvas.draw()
self.canvas.flush_events()
except Exception:
pass
def add_point_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.add_point_flag = not self.add_point_flag
# def add_point(self, event):
# if not self.add_point_flag:
# return
# if event.inaxes and event.button and not hasattr(event.inaxes, 'azim'):
# x_range = np.array(event.inaxes.get_xlim())
# y_range = np.array(event.inaxes.get_ylim())
# self.offset = np.sqrt(np.sum((x_range - y_range) ** 2)) / 20 # 将坐标轴范围的1/50视为误差
# self.nearest_point = None
# d_min = 10 * self.offset
# for point in event.inaxes.artists:
# xt, yt = point.get_data()
# d = ((xt - event.xdata) ** 2 + (yt - event.ydata) ** 2) ** 0.5
# if d <= self.offset and d < d_min: # 如果在误差范围内，移动该点
# d_min = d
# self.nearest_point = point
# if self.nearest_point:
# new_point = Line2D([event.xdata], [event.ydata], ls="",
# marker='o', markerfacecolor='r',
# animated=False)
# event.inaxes.add_artist(new_point)
# event.inaxes.artists.remove(self.nearest_point)
# self.canvas.restore_region(self.bg)
# event.inaxes.draw_artist(new_point)
# self.canvas.blit(event.inaxes.bbox)
# self.bg = self.canvas.copy_from_bbox(event.inaxes.bbox)
def add_point(self, event):
if not self.add_point_flag:
return
if event.name == 'pick_event':
self.artist = event.artist
return
if event.name == 'button_press_event' and not self.artist and hasattr(
event, 'inaxes') and not hasattr(event.inaxes, 'azim'):
point = Line2D([event.xdata], [event.ydata],
ls="",
marker='o',
markerfacecolor='r',
animated=False,
pickradius=5,
picker=True)
event.inaxes.add_artist(point)
self.canvas.draw()
return
if event.name == 'motion_notify_event' and self.artist and hasattr(
event, 'inaxes') and event.button and not hasattr(
event.inaxes, 'azim'):
xy = self.artist.get_data()
if len(xy[0]) == 1: # 判断该对象是否是一个点。
self.artist.set_data(([event.xdata], [event.ydata]))
self.canvas.draw()
if event.name == 'button_release_event':
self.artist = None
def add_style_slot(self):
self.make_flag_invalid()
self.add_style_flag = not self.add_style_flag
def add_style(self, event):
if not self.add_style_flag:
return
if event.name == 'pick_event':
self.artist = event.artist
if self.artist and event.name == 'button_press_event':
for line in event.inaxes.lines:
if self.artist != line:
line.set_alpha(0.5)
else:
line.set_alpha(1)
self.canvas.draw_idle()
if event.button == 3:
self.contextMenu.popup(QCursor.pos()) # 2菜单显示的位置
self.contextMenu.show()
return
elif event.button == 1:
self.artist = None
return
if not self.artist and event.name == 'button_press_event' and event.button == 1:
for line in event.inaxes.lines:
line.set_alpha(1)
self.canvas.draw_idle()
def show_legend_slot(self):
legend_titles = []
for index in range(len(self.current_subplot.lines)):
legend_titles.append('curve ' + str(index + 1)) # 从1开始算
if self.current_subplot.lines: # 如果存在曲线才允许画图例
leg = self.current_subplot.legend(self.current_subplot.lines,
legend_titles)
leg.set_draggable(True) # 设置legend可拖拽
for legline in leg.get_lines():
legline.set_pickradius(10)
legline.set_picker(True) # 给每个legend设置可点击
self.canvas.draw()
def change_legend(self, event):
if event.name == 'pick_event':
self.artist = event.artist
if self.artist and event.name == 'button_press_event' and event.button == 3:
self.contextMenu.popup(QCursor.pos()) # 2菜单显示的位置
self.contextMenu.show()
def show_colorbar_slot(self):
# print(self.current_subplot.curves)
pass
# self.canvas.figure.colorbar(self.canvas,self.current_subplot)
def rightMenuShow(self):
self.contextMenu = QMenu()
self.actionStyle = self.contextMenu.addAction('修改曲线样式')
self.actionLegend = self.contextMenu.addAction('修改图例样式')
self.actionCurve = self.contextMenu.addAction('修改曲线类型')
self.actionStyle.triggered.connect(self.styleHandler)
self.actionLegend.triggered.connect(self.legendHandler)
self.actionLegend.triggered.connect(self.curveHandler)
def styleHandler(self):
print(self.artist)
def legendHandler(self):
print(self.artist)
def curveHandler(self):
print(self.artist)
def mainView_slot(self):
if hasattr(self.current_subplot, 'azim'):
self.current_subplot.view_init(azim=0, elev=0)
self.canvas.draw()
def leftView_slot(self):
if hasattr(self.current_subplot, 'azim'):
self.current_subplot.view_init(azim=90, elev=0)
self.canvas.draw()
def rightView_slot(self):
if hasattr(self.current_subplot, 'azim'):
self.current_subplot.view_init(azim=-90, elev=0)
self.canvas.draw()
def topView_slot(self):
if hasattr(self.current_subplot, 'azim'):
self.current_subplot.view_init(azim=0, elev=90)
self.canvas.draw()
def bottomView_slot(self):
if hasattr(self.current_subplot, 'azim'):
self.current_subplot.view_init(azim=0, elev=-90)
self.canvas.draw()
def backView_slot(self):
if hasattr(self.current_subplot, 'azim'):
self.current_subplot.view_init(azim=180, elev=0)
self.canvas.draw()
def show_grid_slot(self):
self.show_grid_flag = not self.show_grid_flag
self.current_subplot.grid(self.show_grid_flag)
self.canvas.draw_idle()
def init_gui(self):
self.toolbar._update_view()
def combobox_slot(self):
self.current_subplot = self.axes[
self.comboBox.currentIndex()] # 将当前选择付给子图对象
def axes_control_slot(self):
if not self.current_subplot:
QtWidgets.QMessageBox.warning(self.canvas.parent(), "错误",
"没有可选的子图！")
return
Ui_Form_Manager(self.current_subplot, self.canvas)
def show(self):
super().show()
