def solut(theta, D, nmax, N, wold):
""" Method that sets up the tridiagonal implicitt scheme to be solved with tdma using an iteration process
Args:
theta(float): parameter between 0 and 1 seperating different schemes (FTCS, Laasonen, Crank-Nicolson...)
D(float): Numerical diffusion number
nmax(int): number of timesteps
N(int): number of equations
wold(array): solution from previous iteration
Returns:
wnew(array): iterated solution at timestep nmax
"""
tmp1 = D*(1. - theta)
for n in range(nmax):
a = np.zeros(N)
b = np.zeros(N)
c = np.zeros(N)
d = np.zeros(N)
for j in range(1,N):
fac = 0.5 / (j + 1)
a[j] = -D*theta*(1 - fac)
b[j] = (1 + 2*D*theta)
c[j] = -D*theta*(1 + fac)
d[j] = tmp1*((1 - fac)*wold[j - 1] + (1 + fac)*wold[j + 1]) + (1 - 2*tmp1)*wold[j]
b[0] = 1 + 4*D*theta/3
c[0] = -4*D*theta/3
d[0] = (1-4*tmp1/3.)*wold[0] + 4*tmp1*wold[1]/3.
wnew = tdma(a, b, c, d)
wold = np.append(wnew, [0])
return wnew
def solveAllTimestepsStartup(theta, D, nmax, N, wold):
""" Method that sets up the tridiagonal theta-scheme for the startup of flow in a pipe (Szymanski's problem).
The method solves without storing solutions from t0 to t = dt*nmax, using standard tdma solver.
The Governing equation is:
dw/dt = w'' + w'/r, w = w(r,t), 0 < r < 1
where w' denotes dw/dr.
velocity field: u(r,t) = us(r) -w(r,t)
where us = 1 - r^2
Boundary conditions: w^n+1(0) = (1-2D)w^n(1) + 4Du^n(1), w(r) = 0
Initial condition: w(r,0) = 1- r^2 = us
Args:
theta(float): parameter between 0 and 1 seperating different schemes (FTCS, Laasonen, Crank-Nicolson...)
D(float): Numerical diffusion number
nmax(int): number of iterations
N(int): number of equations
wold(array): solution from previous iteration
Returns:
wnew(array): solution at time t = dt*nmax
"""
tmp1 = D * (1. - theta)
for n in range(nmax):
a = np.zeros(N)
b = np.zeros(N)
c = np.zeros(N)
d = np.zeros(N)
for j in range(1, N):
fac = 0.5 / (j)
a[j] = -D * theta * (1 - fac)
b[j] = (1 + 2 * D * theta)
c[j] = -D * theta * (1 + fac)
d[j] = tmp1 * ((1 - fac) * wold[j - 1] +
(1 + fac) * wold[j + 1]) + (1 - 2 * tmp1) * wold[j]
b[0] = 1 + 4 * D * theta
c[0] = -4 * D * theta
d[0] = wold[0] + 4 * tmp1 * (wold[1] - wold[0])
wnew = tdma(a, b, c, d)
wold = np.append(wnew, [0])
return wold
def solveAllTimestepsStartup(theta, D, nmax, N, wold):
""" Method that sets up the tridiagonal theta-scheme for the startup of flow in a pipe (Szymanski's problem).
The method solves without storing solutions from t0 to t = dt*nmax, using standard tdma solver.
The Governing equation is:
dw/dt = w'' + w'/r, w = w(r,t), 0 < r < 1
where w' denotes dw/dr.
velocity field: u(r,t) = us(r) -w(r,t)
where us = 1 - r^2
Boundary conditions: w^n+1(0) = (1-2D)w^n(1) + 4Du^n(1), w(r) = 0
Initial condition: w(r,0) = 1- r^2 = us
Args:
theta(float): parameter between 0 and 1 seperating different schemes (FTCS, Laasonen, Crank-Nicolson...)
D(float): Numerical diffusion number
nmax(int): number of iterations
N(int): number of equations
wold(array): solution from previous iteration
Returns:
wnew(array): solution at time t = dt*nmax
"""
tmp1 = D*(1. - theta)
for n in range(nmax):
a = np.zeros(N)
b = np.zeros(N)
c = np.zeros(N)
d = np.zeros(N)
for j in range(1, N):
fac = 0.5 / (j)
a[j] = -D*theta*(1 - fac)
b[j] = (1 + 2*D*theta)
c[j] = -D*theta*(1 + fac)
d[j] = tmp1*((1 - fac)*wold[j - 1] + (1 + fac)*wold[j + 1]) + (1 - 2*tmp1)*wold[j]
b[0] = 1 + 4*D*theta
c[0] = -4*D*theta
d[0] = wold[0] + 4*tmp1*(wold[1] - wold[0])
wnew = tdma(a, b, c, d)
wold = np.append(wnew, [0])
return wold
def solveNextTimestepStartupV2(theta, D, N, wold):
""" Method that sets up the tridiagonal theta-scheme for the startup of flow in a pipe (Szymanski's problem).
The method solves only for the next time-step, using standard tdma solver.
The Governing equation is:
dw/dt = w'' + w'/r, w = w(r,t), 0 < r < 1
where w' denotes dw/dr.
velocity field: u(r,t) = us(r) -w(r,t)
where us = 1 - r^2
Boundary conditions: w(0) = (4w(1)-w(2))/3), w(r) = 0
Initial condition: w(r,0) = 1- r^2 = us
Args:
theta(float): parameter between 0 and 1 seperating different schemes (FTCS, Laasonen, Crank-Nicolson...)
D(float): Numerical diffusion number
N(int): number of equations
wold(array): solution from previous iteration
Returns:
wnew(array): solution at time t^n+1
"""
wold = wold[1:] # in this version of startup w0 is not solved with tdma
N = N - 1 # this version has one less unknown to be solved with tdma
tmp1 = D * (1. - theta)
a = np.zeros(N)
b = np.zeros(N)
c = np.zeros(N)
d = np.zeros(N)
for j in range(1, N):
fac = 0.5 / (j + 1)
a[j] = -D * theta * (1 - fac)
b[j] = (1 + 2 * D * theta)
c[j] = -D * theta * (1 + fac)
d[j] = tmp1 * ((1 - fac) * wold[j - 1] +
(1 + fac) * wold[j + 1]) + (1 - 2 * tmp1) * wold[j]
b[0] = 1 + 4 * D * theta / 3
c[0] = -4 * D * theta / 3
d[0] = (1 - 4 * tmp1 / 3.) * wold[0] + 4 * tmp1 * wold[1] / 3.
wnew = tdma(a, b, c, d) # solve with tdma
w0 = (4 * wnew[0] - wnew[1]) / 3
wnew = np.append(np.append(w0, wnew), [0]) # add BCs
return wnew
def solveNextTimestepStartupV2(theta, D, N, wold):
""" Method that sets up the tridiagonal theta-scheme for the startup of flow in a pipe (Szymanski's problem).
The method solves only for the next time-step, using standard tdma solver.
The Governing equation is:
dw/dt = w'' + w'/r, w = w(r,t), 0 < r < 1
where w' denotes dw/dr.
velocity field: u(r,t) = us(r) -w(r,t)
where us = 1 - r^2
Boundary conditions: w(0) = (4w(1)-w(2))/3), w(r) = 0
Initial condition: w(r,0) = 1- r^2 = us
Args:
theta(float): parameter between 0 and 1 seperating different schemes (FTCS, Laasonen, Crank-Nicolson...)
D(float): Numerical diffusion number
N(int): number of equations
wold(array): solution from previous iteration
Returns:
wnew(array): solution at time t^n+1
"""
wold = wold[1:] # in this version of startup w0 is not solved with tdma
N = N - 1 # this version has one less unknown to be solved with tdma
tmp1 = D*(1. - theta)
a = np.zeros(N)
b = np.zeros(N)
c = np.zeros(N)
d = np.zeros(N)
for j in range(1,N):
fac = 0.5 / (j + 1)
a[j] = -D*theta*(1 - fac)
b[j] = (1 + 2*D*theta)
c[j] = -D*theta*(1 + fac)
d[j] = tmp1*((1 - fac)*wold[j - 1] + (1 + fac)*wold[j + 1]) + (1 - 2*tmp1)*wold[j]
b[0] = 1 + 4*D*theta/3
c[0] = -4*D*theta/3
d[0] = (1-4*tmp1/3.)*wold[0] + 4*tmp1*wold[1]/3.
wnew = tdma(a, b, c, d) # solve with tdma
w0 = (4*wnew[0]-wnew[1])/3
wnew = np.append(np.append(w0, wnew), [0]) # add BCs
return wnew
def solveNextTimestepCouette(theta, D, N, uold):
""" Method that sets up the tridiagonal theta-scheme for the transient couettflow.
At time t=t0 the plate starts moving at y=0
The method solves only for the next time-step, using standard tdma solver.
The Governing equation is:
du/dt = d^2(u)/dx^2 , u = u(y,t), 0 < y < 1
Boundary conditions: u(0, t) = 1, u(1, t) = 0
Initial condition: u(t, 0) = 0 t<0, u(t, 0) = 1 t>0
Args:
theta(float): parameter between 0 and 1 seperating different schemes (FTCS, Laasonen, Crank-Nicolson...)
D(float): Numerical diffusion number
N(int): number of equations
uold(array): solution from previous iteration
Returns:
unew(array): solution at time t^n+1
"""
u0 = uold[0]
uold = uold[1:]
N = N - 1
tmp1 = D * (1. - theta)
a = np.zeros(N)
b = np.zeros(N)
c = np.zeros(N)
d = np.zeros(N)
for j in range(1, N):
a[j] = -D * theta
b[j] = (1. + 2 * D * theta)
c[j] = -D * theta
d[j] = tmp1 * (uold[j - 1] + uold[j + 1]) + (1. - 2 * tmp1) * uold[j]
b[0] = (1 + 2 * D * theta)
c[0] = -D * theta
d[0] = tmp1 * (u0 + uold[1]) + (1. - 2 * tmp1) * uold[0] + D * theta * u0
unew = tdma(a, b, c, d) # solve with tdma
unew = np.append(np.append(1., unew), 0.) # add BCs
return unew
def solveNextTimestepCouette(theta, D, N, uold):
""" Method that sets up the tridiagonal theta-scheme for the transient couettflow.
At time t=t0 the plate starts moving at y=0
The method solves only for the next time-step, using standard tdma solver.
The Governing equation is:
du/dt = d^2(u)/dx^2 , u = u(y,t), 0 < y < 1
Boundary conditions: u(0, t) = 1, u(1, t) = 0
Initial condition: u(t, 0) = 0 t<0, u(t, 0) = 1 t>0
Args:
theta(float): parameter between 0 and 1 seperating different schemes (FTCS, Laasonen, Crank-Nicolson...)
D(float): Numerical diffusion number
N(int): number of equations
uold(array): solution from previous iteration
Returns:
unew(array): solution at time t^n+1
"""
u0 = uold[0]
uold = uold[1:]
N = N - 1
tmp1 = D*(1. - theta)
a = np.zeros(N)
b = np.zeros(N)
c = np.zeros(N)
d = np.zeros(N)
for j in range(1,N):
a[j] = -D*theta
b[j] = (1. + 2*D*theta)
c[j] = -D*theta
d[j] = tmp1*(uold[j - 1] + uold[j + 1]) + (1. - 2*tmp1)*uold[j]
b[0] = (1 + 2*D*theta)
c[0] = -D*theta
d[0] = tmp1*(u0 + uold[1]) + (1. - 2*tmp1)*uold[0] + D*theta*u0
unew = tdma(a, b, c, d) # solve with tdma
unew = np.append(np.append(1., unew), 0.) # add BCs
return unew
it, itmax, dymax, RelTol = 0, 15, 1., 10**-10
legends=[]
while (dymax > RelTol) and (it < itmax):
"""iteration process of linearized system of equations using taylor
"""
plot(x,ym) # plot ym for iteration No. it
legends.append(str(it))
it = it + 1
a = np.ones(n)
c = np.ones(n)
b = -(np.ones(n)*2. + fac*ym)
d = -(fac*0.5*ym**2)
d[n-1] = d[n-1]-1
d[0] = d[0]-4
ym1 = tdma(a,b,c,d) # solution
dymax = np.max(np.abs((ym1-ym)/ym))
ym = ym1
print('it = {}, dymax = {} '.format(it, dymax))
legend(legends,loc='best',frameon=False)
ya = 4./(1+x)**2
feil = np.abs((ym1-ya)/ya)
print "\n"
for l in range(len(x)):
print 'x = {}, y = {}, ya = {}'.format(x[l], ym1[l], ya[l])
1 - x
) # initial guess of y. ym = np.zeros(n) will converge to y1. ym = -20*x*(1-x) for instance will converge to y2
itmax = 15
for it in range(itmax):
"""iteration process of linearized system of equations"""
# need to set a, b, c and d vector inside for loop since indices are changed in tdma solver
a = np.ones(n)
c = np.ones(n)
b = -(np.ones(n) * 2. + fac * ym)
d = -(np.ones(n) * fac * 0.5 * ym**2)
d[n - 1] = -1.
d[0] = -4.
ym1 = tdma(a, b, c, d) # solution
dy = np.abs(ym1 - ym)
tr2 = np.max(dy) / np.max(np.abs(ym1))
tr3 = np.sum(dy) / np.sum(np.abs(ym1))
ym = ym1
print 'it = {}, tr2 = {}, tr3 = {} '.format(it, tr2, tr3)
ya = 4. / (1 + x)**2
feil = np.abs((ym1 - ya) / ya)
# plotting:
legends = [] # empty list to append legends as plots are generated
# Add the labels
plot(x, ym1, "b") # plot numerical solution
legends.append('y2 numerical')