def define_distribution(worker_hosts=True, task_index=True):
"""Register distributed execution flags.
Args:
worker_hosts: Create a flag for specifying comma-separated list of workers.
task_index: Create a flag for specifying index of task.
Returns:
A list of flags for core.py to marks as key flags.
"""
key_flags = []
if worker_hosts:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name='worker_hosts',
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
'Comma-separated list of worker ip:port pairs for running '
'multi-worker models with DistributionStrategy. The user would '
'start the program on each host with identical value for this '
'flag.'))
if task_index:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name='task_index',
default=-1,
help=help_wrap('If multi-worker training, the task_index of this '
'worker.'))
return key_flags
def define_image(data_format=True):
"""Register image specific flags.
Args:
data_format: Create a flag to specify image axis convention.
Returns:
A list of flags for core.py to marks as key flags.
"""
key_flags = []
if data_format:
flags.DEFINE_enum(
name="data_format",
short_name="df",
default=None,
enum_values=["channels_first", "channels_last"],
help=help_wrap(
"A flag to override the data format used in the model. "
"channels_first provides a performance boost on GPU but is not "
"always compatible with CPU. If left unspecified, the data format "
"will be chosen automatically based on whether TensorFlow was "
"built for CPU or GPU."))
key_flags.append("data_format")
return key_flags
def define_device(tpu=True):
"""Register device specific flags.
Args:
tpu: Create flags to specify TPU operation.
Returns:
A list of flags for core.py to marks as key flags.
"""
key_flags = []
if tpu:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="tpu",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"The Cloud TPU to use for training. This should be either the name "
"used when creating the Cloud TPU, or a "
"grpc://ip.address.of.tpu:8470 url. Passing `local` will use the"
"CPU of the local instance instead. (Good for debugging.)"))
key_flags.append("tpu")
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="tpu_zone",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"[Optional] GCE zone where the Cloud TPU is located in. If not "
"specified, we will attempt to automatically detect the GCE "
"project from metadata."))
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="tpu_gcp_project",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"[Optional] Project name for the Cloud TPU-enabled project. If not "
"specified, we will attempt to automatically detect the GCE "
"project from metadata."))
flags.DEFINE_integer(name="num_tpu_shards",
default=8,
help=help_wrap("Number of shards (TPU chips)."))
return key_flags
def define_experimental(experimental_preloading=True):
"""Register flags for experimental features.
Args:
experimental_preloading: Create a flag to specify parallelism of data loading.
Returns:
A list of flags for core.py to marks as key flags.
"""
key_flags = []
if experimental_preloading:
flags.DEFINE_bool(
name="experimental_preloading",
default=False,
help=help_wrap(
"Support for data.experimental.prefetch_to_device TensorFlow operator."
"This feature is experimental and works only with single node."
"The environment variable `HBN_TF_REGISTER_DATASETOPS` must be set to `1`."
"TensorFlow extension library `dynpatch_prf_remote_call.so` must be loaded via the `LD_PRELOAD` environment variable."
"See `-x` switch for `demo_resnet50` script."))
return key_flags
def define_base(data_dir=True, model_dir=True, clean=False, train_epochs=False,
epochs_between_evals=False, stop_threshold=False,
batch_size=True, num_gpu=False, hooks=False, export_dir=False,
distribution_strategy=False, run_eagerly=False,
save_checkpoint_steps=True, display_steps=True, no_hpu=True):
"""Register base flags.
Args:
data_dir: Create a flag for specifying the input data directory.
model_dir: Create a flag for specifying the model file directory.
clean: Create a flag for removing the model_dir.
train_epochs: Create a flag to specify the number of training epochs.
epochs_between_evals: Create a flag to specify the frequency of testing.
stop_threshold: Create a flag to specify a threshold accuracy or other
eval metric which should trigger the end of training.
batch_size: Create a flag to specify the batch size.
num_gpu: Create a flag to specify the number of GPUs used.
hooks: Create a flag to specify hooks for logging.
export_dir: Create a flag to specify where a SavedModel should be exported.
distribution_strategy: Create a flag to specify which Distribution Strategy
to use.
run_eagerly: Create a flag to specify to run eagerly op by op.
save_checkpoint_steps: Create a flag to specify number of steps between
checkpoints.
display_steps: Create a flag to specify number of steps between training
results display.
no_hpu: Create a flag for controling Habana device.
Returns:
A list of flags for core.py to marks as key flags.
"""
key_flags = []
if data_dir:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="data_dir", short_name="dd", default="/tmp",
help=help_wrap("The location of the input data."))
key_flags.append("data_dir")
if model_dir:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="model_dir", short_name="md", default="/tmp",
help=help_wrap("The location of the model checkpoint files."))
key_flags.append("model_dir")
if clean:
flags.DEFINE_boolean(
name="clean", default=False,
help=help_wrap("If set, model_dir will be removed if it exists."))
key_flags.append("clean")
if train_epochs:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="train_epochs", short_name="te", default=1,
help=help_wrap("The number of epochs used to train."))
key_flags.append("train_epochs")
if epochs_between_evals:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="epochs_between_evals", short_name="ebe", default=1,
help=help_wrap("The number of training epochs to run between "
"evaluations."))
key_flags.append("epochs_between_evals")
if stop_threshold:
flags.DEFINE_float(
name="stop_threshold", short_name="st",
default=None,
help=help_wrap("If passed, training will stop at the earlier of "
"train_epochs and when the evaluation metric is "
"greater than or equal to stop_threshold."))
if batch_size:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="batch_size", short_name="bs", default=32,
help=help_wrap("Batch size for training and evaluation. When using "
"multiple gpus, this is the global batch size for "
"all devices. For example, if the batch size is 32 "
"and there are 4 GPUs, each GPU will get 8 examples on "
"each step."))
key_flags.append("batch_size")
if num_gpu:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="num_gpus", short_name="ng",
default=1,
help=help_wrap(
"How many GPUs to use at each worker with the "
"DistributionStrategies API. The default is 1."))
if run_eagerly:
flags.DEFINE_boolean(
name="run_eagerly", default=False,
help="Run the model op by op without building a model function.")
if hooks:
# Construct a pretty summary of hooks.
hook_list_str = (
u"\ufeff Hook:\n" + u"\n".join([u"\ufeff {}".format(key) for key
in hooks_helper.HOOKS]))
flags.DEFINE_list(
name="hooks", short_name="hk", default="LoggingTensorHook",
help=help_wrap(
u"A list of (case insensitive) strings to specify the names of "
u"training hooks.\n{}\n\ufeff Example: `--hooks ProfilerHook,"
u"ExamplesPerSecondHook`\n See utils.logs.hooks_helper "
u"for details.".format(hook_list_str))
)
key_flags.append("hooks")
if export_dir:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="export_dir", short_name="ed", default=None,
help=help_wrap("If set, a SavedModel serialization of the model will "
"be exported to this directory at the end of training. "
"See the README for more details and relevant links.")
)
key_flags.append("export_dir")
if distribution_strategy:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="distribution_strategy", short_name="ds", default="default",
help=help_wrap("The Distribution Strategy to use for training. "
"Accepted values are 'off', 'default', 'one_device', "
"'mirrored', 'parameter_server', 'collective', "
"case insensitive. 'off' means not to use "
"Distribution Strategy; 'default' means to choose "
"from `MirroredStrategy` or `OneDeviceStrategy` "
"according to the number of GPUs.")
)
if display_steps:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="display_steps", short_name="dis", default=1,
help=help_wrap("How many steps should pass between displaying results "
"output"))
key_flags.append("display_steps")
# default is None to not save any checkpoints
# Tip: when setting save_checkpoint_steps, set also model_dir,
# otherwise model, events etc. will be saved in /tmp/
if save_checkpoint_steps:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="save_checkpoint_steps", short_name="cs", default=None,
help=help_wrap("Number of steps between saving checkpoint."))
key_flags.append("save_checkpoint_steps")
if no_hpu:
flags.DEFINE_boolean(
name="no_hpu", default=False,
help=help_wrap("If set Habana device won't be used for training."))
key_flags.append("no_hpu")
return key_flags
def define_performance(num_parallel_calls=False,
inter_op=False,
intra_op=False,
synthetic_data=False,
max_train_steps=False,
max_eval_steps=False,
dtype=False,
data_loader_image_type=False,
all_reduce_alg=False,
num_packs=False,
tf_gpu_thread_mode=False,
datasets_num_private_threads=False,
datasets_num_parallel_batches=False,
dynamic_loss_scale=False,
fp16_implementation=False,
loss_scale=False,
tf_data_experimental_slack=False,
enable_xla=False,
force_v2_in_keras_compile=False):
"""Register flags for specifying performance tuning arguments.
Args:
num_parallel_calls: Create a flag to specify parallelism of data loading.
inter_op: Create a flag to allow specification of inter op threads.
intra_op: Create a flag to allow specification of intra op threads.
synthetic_data: Create a flag to allow the use of synthetic data.
max_train_steps: Create a flags to allow specification of maximum number
of training steps
max_eval_steps: Create a flags to allow specification of maximum number
of evaluation steps
dtype: Create flags for specifying dtype.
all_reduce_alg: If set forces a specific algorithm for multi-gpu.
num_packs: If set provides number of packs for MirroredStrategy's cross
device ops.
tf_gpu_thread_mode: gpu_private triggers us of private thread pool.
datasets_num_private_threads: Number of private threads for datasets.
datasets_num_parallel_batches: Determines how many batches to process in
parallel when using map and batch from tf.data.
dynamic_loss_scale: Allow the "loss_scale" flag to take on the value
"dynamic". Only valid if `dtype` is True.
fp16_implementation: Create fp16_implementation flag.
loss_scale: Controls the loss scaling, normally for mixed-precision
training. Can only be turned on if dtype is also True.
tf_data_experimental_slack: Determines whether to enable tf.data's
`experimental_slack` option.
enable_xla: Determines if XLA (auto clustering) is turned on.
force_v2_in_keras_compile: Forces the use of run_distribued path even if not
using a `strategy`. This is not the same as
`tf.distribute.OneDeviceStrategy`
Returns:
A list of flags for core.py to marks as key flags.
"""
key_flags = []
if num_parallel_calls:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="num_parallel_calls",
short_name="npc",
default=multiprocessing.cpu_count(),
help=help_wrap(
"The number of records that are processed in parallel "
"during input processing. This can be optimized per "
"data set but for generally homogeneous data sets, "
"should be approximately the number of available CPU "
"cores. (default behavior)"))
if inter_op:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="inter_op_parallelism_threads",
short_name="inter",
default=0,
help=help_wrap(
"Number of inter_op_parallelism_threads to use for CPU. "
"See TensorFlow config.proto for details."))
if intra_op:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="intra_op_parallelism_threads",
short_name="intra",
default=0,
help=help_wrap(
"Number of intra_op_parallelism_threads to use for CPU. "
"See TensorFlow config.proto for details."))
if synthetic_data:
flags.DEFINE_bool(
name="use_synthetic_data",
short_name="synth",
default=False,
help=help_wrap(
"If set, use fake data (zeroes) instead of a real dataset. "
"This mode is useful for performance debugging, as it removes "
"input processing steps, but will not learn anything."))
if max_train_steps:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="max_train_steps",
short_name="mts",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"The model will stop training if the global_step reaches this "
"value. If not set, training will run until the specified number "
"of epochs have run as usual. It is generally recommended to set "
"--train_epochs=1 when using this flag."))
if max_eval_steps:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="max_eval_steps",
short_name="mes",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"The model will stop evaluation if the global_step reaches this "
"value."))
if data_loader_image_type:
flags.DEFINE_enum(name="data_loader_image_type",
short_name="dlit",
default="fp32",
enum_values=DTYPE_MAP.keys(),
help=help_wrap("data loader images output type"))
if dtype:
flags.DEFINE_enum(
name="dtype",
short_name="dt",
default="fp32",
enum_values=DTYPE_MAP.keys(),
help=help_wrap("The TensorFlow datatype used for calculations. "
"Variables may be cast to a higher precision on a "
"case-by-case basis for numerical stability."))
loss_scale_help_text = (
"The amount to scale the loss by when the model is run. {}. Before "
"gradients are computed, the loss is multiplied by the loss scale, "
"making all gradients loss_scale times larger. To adjust for this, "
"gradients are divided by the loss scale before being applied to "
"variables. This is mathematically equivalent to training without "
"a loss scale, but the loss scale helps avoid some intermediate "
"gradients from underflowing to zero. If not provided the default "
"for fp16 is 128 and 1 for all other dtypes.{}")
if dynamic_loss_scale:
loss_scale_help_text = loss_scale_help_text.format(
"This can be an int/float or the string 'dynamic'",
" The string 'dynamic' can be used to dynamically determine the "
"optimal loss scale during training, but currently this "
"significantly slows down performance")
loss_scale_validation_msg = (
"loss_scale should be a positive int/float "
"or the string 'dynamic'.")
else:
loss_scale_help_text = loss_scale_help_text.format(
"This must be an int/float", "")
loss_scale_validation_msg = "loss_scale should be a positive int/float."
if loss_scale:
flags.DEFINE_string(name="loss_scale",
short_name="ls",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(loss_scale_help_text))
@flags.validator(flag_name="loss_scale",
message=loss_scale_validation_msg)
def _check_loss_scale(loss_scale): # pylint: disable=unused-variable
"""Validator to check the loss scale flag is valid."""
if loss_scale is None:
return True # null case is handled in get_loss_scale()
if loss_scale == "dynamic" and dynamic_loss_scale:
return True
try:
loss_scale = float(loss_scale)
except ValueError:
return False
return loss_scale > 0
if fp16_implementation:
# Currently, this flag is only defined for the estimator resnet and transformer models.
flags.DEFINE_enum(
name="fp16_implementation",
default="casting",
enum_values=("casting', 'graph_rewrite"),
help=help_wrap(
"When --dtype=fp16, how fp16 should be implemented. This has no "
"impact on correctness. 'casting' will cause manual tf.casts to "
"be inserted in the model. 'graph_rewrite' means "
"tf.train.experimental.enable_mixed_precision_graph_rewrite will "
"be used to automatically use fp16 without any manual casts."
))
@flags.multi_flags_validator(
["fp16_implementation", "dtype", "loss_scale"])
def _check_fp16_implementation(flags_dict):
"""Validator to check fp16_implementation flag is valid."""
if (flags_dict["fp16_implementation"] == "graph_rewrite"
and flags_dict["dtype"] != "fp16"):
raise flags.ValidationError(
"--fp16_implementation should not be "
"specified unless --dtype=fp16")
return True
if all_reduce_alg:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="all_reduce_alg",
short_name="ara",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"Defines the algorithm to use for performing all-reduce."
"When specified with MirroredStrategy for single "
"worker, this controls "
"tf.contrib.distribute.AllReduceCrossTowerOps. When "
"specified with MultiWorkerMirroredStrategy, this "
"controls "
"tf.distribute.experimental.CollectiveCommunication; "
"valid options are `ring` and `nccl`."))
if num_packs:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="num_packs",
default=1,
help=help_wrap("Sets `num_packs` in the cross device ops used in "
"MirroredStrategy. For details, see "
"tf.distribute.NcclAllReduce."))
if tf_gpu_thread_mode:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="tf_gpu_thread_mode",
short_name="gt_mode",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"Whether and how the GPU device uses its own threadpool."))
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="per_gpu_thread_count",
short_name="pgtc",
default=0,
help=help_wrap(
"The number of threads to use for GPU. Only valid when "
"tf_gpu_thread_mode is not global."))
if datasets_num_private_threads:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="datasets_num_private_threads",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"Number of threads for a private threadpool created for all"
"datasets computation.."))
if datasets_num_parallel_batches:
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name="datasets_num_parallel_batches",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"Determines how many batches to process in parallel when using "
"map and batch from tf.data."))
if tf_data_experimental_slack:
flags.DEFINE_boolean(
name="tf_data_experimental_slack",
default=False,
help=help_wrap(
"Whether to enable tf.data's `experimental_slack` option."))
if enable_xla:
flags.DEFINE_boolean(name="enable_xla",
default=False,
help="Whether to enable XLA auto jit compilation")
if force_v2_in_keras_compile:
flags.DEFINE_boolean(
name="force_v2_in_keras_compile",
default=None,
help="Forces the use of run_distribued path even if not"
"using a `strategy`. This is not the same as"
"`tf.distribute.OneDeviceStrategy`")
return key_flags
def define_benchmark(benchmark_log_dir=True, bigquery_uploader=True):
"""Register benchmarking flags.
Args:
benchmark_log_dir: Create a flag to specify location for benchmark logging.
bigquery_uploader: Create flags for uploading results to BigQuery.
Returns:
A list of flags for core.py to marks as key flags.
"""
key_flags = []
flags.DEFINE_enum(
name="benchmark_logger_type",
default="BaseBenchmarkLogger",
enum_values=[
"BaseBenchmarkLogger", "BenchmarkFileLogger",
"BenchmarkBigQueryLogger"
],
help=help_wrap(
"The type of benchmark logger to use. Defaults to using "
"BaseBenchmarkLogger which logs to STDOUT. Different "
"loggers will require other flags to be able to work."))
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="benchmark_test_id",
short_name="bti",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"The unique test ID of the benchmark run. It could be the "
"combination of key parameters. It is hardware "
"independent and could be used compare the performance "
"between different test runs. This flag is designed for "
"human consumption, and does not have any impact within "
"the system."))
flags.DEFINE_integer(
name='log_steps',
default=100,
help='For every log_steps, we log the timing information such as '
'examples per second. Besides, for every log_steps, we store the '
'timestamp of a batch end.')
if benchmark_log_dir:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="benchmark_log_dir",
short_name="bld",
default=None,
help=help_wrap("The location of the benchmark logging."))
if bigquery_uploader:
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="gcp_project",
short_name="gp",
default=None,
help=help_wrap(
"The GCP project name where the benchmark will be uploaded."))
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="bigquery_data_set",
short_name="bds",
default="test_benchmark",
help=help_wrap(
"The Bigquery dataset name where the benchmark will be uploaded."
))
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="bigquery_run_table",
short_name="brt",
default="benchmark_run",
help=help_wrap("The Bigquery table name where the benchmark run "
"information will be uploaded."))
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="bigquery_run_status_table",
short_name="brst",
default="benchmark_run_status",
help=help_wrap("The Bigquery table name where the benchmark run "
"status information will be uploaded."))
flags.DEFINE_string(
name="bigquery_metric_table",
short_name="bmt",
default="benchmark_metric",
help=help_wrap(
"The Bigquery table name where the benchmark metric "
"information will be uploaded."))
@flags.multi_flags_validator(
["benchmark_logger_type", "benchmark_log_dir"],
message="--benchmark_logger_type=BenchmarkFileLogger will require "
"--benchmark_log_dir being set")
def _check_benchmark_log_dir(flags_dict):
benchmark_logger_type = flags_dict["benchmark_logger_type"]
if benchmark_logger_type == "BenchmarkFileLogger":
return flags_dict["benchmark_log_dir"]
return True
return key_flags