def __init__(self, comm, broadcast_comm, gd, aux_gd, spos_ac):
self.comm = comm
self.broadcast_comm = broadcast_comm
self.gd = gd
self.aux_gd = aux_gd
rank_a = gd.get_ranks_from_positions(spos_ac)
aux_rank_a = aux_gd.get_ranks_from_positions(spos_ac)
self.partition = AtomPartition(gd.comm, rank_a, name='gd')
if gd is aux_gd:
name = 'aux-unextended'
else:
name = 'aux-extended'
self.aux_partition = AtomPartition(aux_gd.comm, aux_rank_a, name=name)
self.work_partition = AtomPartition(comm,
np.zeros(len(spos_ac)),
name='work').as_even_partition()
if gd is aux_gd:
aux_broadcast_comm = gd.comm.new_communicator([gd.comm.rank])
else:
aux_broadcast_comm = broadcast_comm
self.aux_dist = AtomicMatrixDistributor(self.partition,
aux_broadcast_comm,
self.aux_partition)
self.work_dist = AtomicMatrixDistributor(self.partition,
broadcast_comm,
self.work_partition)
def redistribute_and_broadcast(self, dist_comm, dup_comm):
# Data exists on self which is a "nice" distribution but now
# we want it on sub_partition which has a smaller communicator
# whose parent is self.comm.
#
# We want our own data replicated on each
# XXX direct comparison of communicators are unsafe as we do not use
# MPI_Comm_compare
#assert subpartition.comm.parent == self.partition.comm
from gpaw.utilities.partition import AtomPartition
newrank_a = self.partition.rank_a % dist_comm.size
masters_only_partition = AtomPartition(self.partition.comm, newrank_a)
dst_partition = AtomPartition(dist_comm, newrank_a)
copy = self.deepcopy()
copy.redistribute(masters_only_partition)
dst = ArrayDict(dst_partition,
self.shapes_a,
dtype=self.dtype,
keymap=self.keymap)
data = dst.toarray()
if dup_comm.rank == 0:
data0 = copy.toarray()
data[:] = data0
dup_comm.broadcast(data, 0)
dst.fromarray(data)
return dst
def read(self, filename):
from ase.io.trajectory import read_atoms
self.log('Reading from {}'.format(filename))
self.reader = reader = Reader(filename)
atoms = read_atoms(reader.atoms)
self._set_atoms(atoms)
res = reader.results
self.results = dict((key, res.get(key)) for key in res.keys())
if self.results:
self.log('Read {}'.format(', '.join(sorted(self.results))))
self.log('Reading input parameters:')
# XXX param
self.parameters = self.get_default_parameters()
dct = {}
for key, value in reader.parameters.asdict().items():
if (isinstance(value, dict)
and isinstance(self.parameters[key], dict)):
self.parameters[key].update(value)
else:
self.parameters[key] = value
dct[key] = self.parameters[key]
self.log.print_dict(dct)
self.log()
self.initialize(reading=True)
self.density.read(reader)
self.hamiltonian.read(reader)
self.occupations.read(reader)
self.scf.read(reader)
self.wfs.read(reader)
# We need to do this in a better way: XXX
from gpaw.utilities.partition import AtomPartition
atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.wfs.gd.comm,
np.zeros(len(self.atoms), dtype=int))
self.wfs.atom_partition = atom_partition
self.density.atom_partition = atom_partition
self.hamiltonian.atom_partition = atom_partition
rank_a = self.density.gd.get_ranks_from_positions(self.spos_ac)
new_atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.density.gd.comm, rank_a)
for obj in [self.density, self.hamiltonian]:
obj.set_positions_without_ruining_everything(
self.spos_ac, new_atom_partition)
self.hamiltonian.xc.read(reader)
if self.hamiltonian.xc.name == 'GLLBSC':
# XXX GLLB: See test/lcaotddft/gllbsc.py
self.occupations.calculate(self.wfs)
return reader
def get_density(self, atom_indices=None, gridrefinement=2):
"""Get sum of atomic densities from the given atom list.
All atoms are taken if the list is not given."""
all_atoms = self.calculator.get_atoms()
if atom_indices is None:
atom_indices = range(len(all_atoms))
density = self.calculator.density
spos_ac = all_atoms.get_scaled_positions()
rank_a = self.finegd.get_ranks_from_positions(spos_ac)
density.set_positions(all_atoms.get_scaled_positions(),
AtomPartition(self.finegd.comm, rank_a))
# select atoms
atoms = []
D_asp = {}
rank_a = []
all_D_asp = self.calculator.density.D_asp
all_rank_a = self.calculator.density.atom_partition.rank_a
for a in atom_indices:
if a in all_D_asp:
D_asp[len(atoms)] = all_D_asp.get(a)
atoms.append(all_atoms[a])
rank_a.append(all_rank_a[a])
atoms = Atoms(atoms,
cell=all_atoms.get_cell(),
pbc=all_atoms.get_pbc())
spos_ac = atoms.get_scaled_positions()
Z_a = atoms.get_atomic_numbers()
par = self.calculator.parameters
setups = Setups(Z_a, par.setups, par.basis, XC(par.xc),
self.calculator.wfs.world)
# initialize
self.initialize(setups, self.calculator.timer, np.zeros(len(atoms)),
False)
self.set_mixer(None)
# FIXME nparray causes partitionong.py test to fail
self.set_positions(spos_ac, AtomPartition(self.gd.comm, rank_a))
self.D_asp = D_asp
basis_functions = BasisFunctions(
self.gd, [setup.phit_j for setup in self.setups], cut=True)
basis_functions.set_positions(spos_ac)
self.initialize_from_atomic_densities(basis_functions)
aed_sg, gd = self.get_all_electron_density(atoms, gridrefinement)
return aed_sg.sum(axis=0), gd
def read(self, reader):
nt_xG = self.gd.empty(self.ncomponents)
self.gd.distribute(reader.density.density, nt_xG)
nt_xG *= reader.bohr**3
# Read atomic density matrices
natoms = len(self.setups)
atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.gd.comm, np.zeros(natoms, int),
'density-gd')
D_asp = self.setups.empty_atomic_matrix(self.ncomponents,
atom_partition)
self.atom_partition = atom_partition # XXXXXX
spos_ac = np.zeros((natoms, 3)) # XXXX
self.atomdist = self.redistributor.get_atom_distributions(spos_ac)
D_sP = reader.density.atomic_density_matrices
if self.gd.comm.rank == 0:
D_asp.update(unpack_atomic_matrices(D_sP, self.setups))
D_asp.check_consistency()
if self.collinear:
nt_sG = nt_xG
nt_vG = None
else:
nt_sG = nt_xG[:1]
nt_vG = nt_xG[1:]
self.initialize_directly_from_arrays(nt_sG, nt_vG, D_asp)
def set_positions(self, spos_ac):
self.positions_set = False
rank_a = self.gd.get_ranks_from_positions(spos_ac)
atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.gd.comm, rank_a)
# XXX pass AtomPartition around instead of spos_ac?
# All the classes passing around spos_ac end up needing the ranks
# anyway.
if self.rank_a is not None and self.kpt_u[0].P_ani is not None:
self.timer.start('Redistribute')
mynks = len(self.kpt_u)
def get_empty(a):
ni = self.setups[a].ni
return np.empty((mynks, self.bd.mynbands, ni), self.dtype)
self.atom_partition.redistribute(atom_partition,
[kpt.P_ani for kpt in self.kpt_u],
get_empty)
self.timer.stop('Redistribute')
self.rank_a = rank_a
self.atom_partition = atom_partition
self.kd.symmetry.check(spos_ac)
def set_positions(self, spos_ac, rank_a):
atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.gd.comm, rank_a)
self.nct.set_positions(spos_ac)
self.ghat.set_positions(spos_ac)
self.mixer.reset()
#self.nt_sG = None
self.nt_sg = None
self.nt_g = None
self.rhot_g = None
self.Q_aL = None
# If both old and new atomic ranks are present, start a blank dict if
# it previously didn't exist but it will needed for the new atoms.
assert rank_a is not None
if (self.rank_a is not None and
self.D_asp is None and (rank_a == self.gd.comm.rank).any()):
self.D_asp = {}
if (self.rank_a is not None and self.D_asp is not None
and not isinstance(self.gd.comm, SerialCommunicator)):
self.timer.start('Redistribute')
def get_empty(a):
ni = self.setups[a].ni
return np.empty((self.ns, ni * (ni + 1) // 2))
self.atom_partition.redistribute(atom_partition, self.D_asp,
get_empty)
self.timer.stop('Redistribute')
self.rank_a = rank_a
self.atom_partition = atom_partition
def set_positions(self, spos_ac, rank_a):
atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.gd.comm, rank_a)
self.spos_ac = spos_ac
self.vbar.set_positions(spos_ac)
self.xc.set_positions(spos_ac)
# If both old and new atomic ranks are present, start a blank dict if
# it previously didn't exist but it will needed for the new atoms.
# XXX what purpose does this serve? In what case does it happen?
# How would one even go about figuring it out? Why does it all have
# to be so unreadable? -Ask
#
if (self.rank_a is not None and self.dH_asp is None
and (rank_a == self.gd.comm.rank).any()):
self.dH_asp = {}
if self.rank_a is not None and self.dH_asp is not None:
self.timer.start('Redistribute')
def get_empty(a):
ni = self.setups[a].ni
return np.empty((self.ns, ni * (ni + 1) // 2))
self.atom_partition.redistribute(atom_partition, self.dH_asp,
get_empty)
self.timer.stop('Redistribute')
self.rank_a = rank_a
self.atom_partition = atom_partition
self.dh_distributor = AtomicMatrixDistributor(atom_partition,
self.setups,
self.kptband_comm,
self.ns)
def read(self, reader):
h = reader.hamiltonian
# Read all energies:
for name in ENERGY_NAMES:
energy = h.get(name)
if energy is not None:
energy /= reader.ha
setattr(self, name, energy)
# Read pseudo potential on the coarse grid
# and broadcast on kpt/band comm:
self.vt_sG = self.gd.empty(self.nspins)
self.gd.distribute(h.potential / reader.ha, self.vt_sG)
self.atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.gd.comm,
np.zeros(len(self.setups), int),
name='hamiltonian-init-serial')
# Read non-local part of hamiltonian
self.dH_asp = {}
dH_sP = h.atomic_hamiltonian_matrices / reader.ha
if self.gd.comm.rank == 0:
self.dH_asp = unpack_atomic_matrices(dH_sP, self.setups)
if hasattr(self.poisson, 'read'):
self.poisson.read(reader)
self.poisson.set_grid_descriptor(self.finegd)
def initialize_positions(self, atoms=None):
"""Update the positions of the atoms."""
self.log('Initializing position-dependent things.\n')
if atoms is None:
atoms = self.atoms
else:
atoms = atoms.copy()
self._set_atoms(atoms)
mpi.synchronize_atoms(atoms, self.world)
rank_a = self.wfs.gd.get_ranks_from_positions(self.spos_ac)
atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.wfs.gd.comm, rank_a, name='gd')
self.wfs.set_positions(self.spos_ac, atom_partition)
self.density.set_positions(self.spos_ac, atom_partition)
self.hamiltonian.set_positions(self.spos_ac, atom_partition)
def redistribute_atomic_matrices(D_asp, gd2, nspins, setups, redistributor,
kptband_comm):
D_sP = pack_atomic_matrices(D_asp)
natoms = len(setups)
atom_partition = AtomPartition(gd2.comm, np.zeros(natoms, int),
'density-gd')
D_asp = setups.empty_atomic_matrix(nspins, atom_partition)
spos_ac = np.zeros((natoms, 3)) # XXXX
atomdist = redistributor.get_atom_distributions(spos_ac)
if gd2.comm.rank == 0:
if kptband_comm.rank > 0:
nP = sum(setup.ni * (setup.ni + 1) // 2 for setup in setups)
D_sP = np.empty((nspins, nP))
kptband_comm.broadcast(D_sP, 0)
D_asp.update(unpack_atomic_matrices(D_sP, setups))
D_asp.check_consistency()
return atom_partition, atomdist, D_asp
def get_density(self, atom_indices=None, gridrefinement=2):
"""Get sum of atomic densities from the given atom list.
Parameters
----------
atom_indices : list_like
All atoms are taken if the list is not given.
gridrefinement : 1, 2, 4
Gridrefinement given to get_all_electron_density
Returns
-------
type
spin summed density, grid_descriptor
"""
all_atoms = self.calculator.get_atoms()
if atom_indices is None:
atom_indices = range(len(all_atoms))
# select atoms
atoms = self.calculator.get_atoms()[atom_indices]
spos_ac = atoms.get_scaled_positions()
Z_a = atoms.get_atomic_numbers()
par = self.calculator.parameters
setups = Setups(Z_a, par.setups, par.basis, XC(par.xc),
self.calculator.wfs.world)
# initialize
self.initialize(setups, self.calculator.timer, np.zeros(
(len(atoms), 3)), False)
self.set_mixer(None)
rank_a = self.gd.get_ranks_from_positions(spos_ac)
self.set_positions(spos_ac, AtomPartition(self.gd.comm, rank_a))
basis_functions = BasisFunctions(
self.gd, [setup.phit_j for setup in self.setups], cut=True)
basis_functions.set_positions(spos_ac)
self.initialize_from_atomic_densities(basis_functions)
aed_sg, gd = self.get_all_electron_density(atoms, gridrefinement)
return aed_sg.sum(axis=0), gd
def read_projections(self, reader):
nslice = self.bd.get_slice()
nproj_a = [setup.ni for setup in self.setups]
atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.gd.comm,
np.zeros(len(nproj_a), int))
for u, kpt in enumerate(self.kpt_u):
if self.collinear:
index = (kpt.s, kpt.k)
else:
index = (kpt.k, )
kpt.projections = Projections(self.bd.nbands,
nproj_a,
atom_partition,
self.bd.comm,
collinear=self.collinear,
spin=kpt.s,
dtype=self.dtype)
if self.gd.comm.rank == 0:
P_nI = reader.proxy('projections', *index)[nslice]
if not self.collinear:
P_nI.shape = (self.bd.mynbands, -1)
kpt.projections.matrix.array[:] = P_nI
def set_positions(self, spos_ac, atom_partition=None):
self.positions_set = False
# rank_a = self.gd.get_ranks_from_positions(spos_ac)
# atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.gd.comm, rank_a)
# XXX pass AtomPartition around instead of spos_ac?
# All the classes passing around spos_ac end up needing the ranks
# anyway.
if atom_partition is None:
rank_a = self.gd.get_ranks_from_positions(spos_ac)
atom_partition = AtomPartition(self.gd.comm, rank_a)
if self.atom_partition is not None and self.kpt_u[0].P_ani is not None:
with self.timer('Redistribute'):
for kpt in self.mykpts:
P = kpt.projections
assert self.atom_partition == P.atom_partition
kpt.projections = P.redist(atom_partition)
assert atom_partition == kpt.projections.atom_partition
self.atom_partition = atom_partition
self.kd.symmetry.check(spos_ac)
self.spos_ac = spos_ac
def read(paw, reader, read_projections=True):
r = reader
timer = paw.timer
timer.start('Read')
wfs = paw.wfs
density = paw.density
hamiltonian = paw.hamiltonian
natoms = len(paw.atoms)
world = paw.wfs.world
gd = wfs.gd
kd = wfs.kd
bd = wfs.bd
master = (world.rank == 0)
parallel = (world.size > 1)
version = r['version']
hdf5 = hasattr(r, 'hdf5')
# Verify setup fingerprints and count projectors and atomic matrices:
for setup in wfs.setups.setups.values():
try:
key = atomic_names[setup.Z] + 'Fingerprint'
if setup.type != 'paw':
key += '(%s)' % setup.type
if setup.fingerprint != r[key]:
str = 'Setup for %s (%s) not compatible with restart file.' \
% (setup.symbol, setup.filename)
if paw.input_parameters['idiotproof']:
raise RuntimeError(str)
else:
warnings.warn(str)
except (AttributeError, KeyError):
str = 'Fingerprint of setup for %s (%s) not in restart file.' \
% (setup.symbol, setup.filename)
if paw.input_parameters['idiotproof']:
raise RuntimeError(str)
else:
warnings.warn(str)
nproj = sum([setup.ni for setup in wfs.setups])
nadm = sum([setup.ni * (setup.ni + 1) // 2 for setup in wfs.setups])
# Verify dimensions for minimally required netCDF variables:
ng = gd.get_size_of_global_array()
shapes = {
'ngptsx': ng[0],
'ngptsy': ng[1],
'ngptsz': ng[2],
'nspins': wfs.nspins,
'nproj': nproj,
'nadm': nadm
}
for name, dim in shapes.items():
if r.dimension(name) != dim:
raise ValueError('shape mismatch: expected %s=%d' % (name, dim))
timer.start('Density')
density.read(r, parallel, wfs.kptband_comm)
timer.stop('Density')
timer.start('Hamiltonian')
hamiltonian.read(r, parallel)
timer.stop('Hamiltonian')
from gpaw.utilities.partition import AtomPartition
atom_partition = AtomPartition(gd.comm, np.zeros(natoms, dtype=int))
# <sarcasm>let's set some variables directly on some objects!</sarcasm>
wfs.atom_partition = atom_partition
wfs.rank_a = np.zeros(natoms, int)
density.atom_partition = atom_partition
hamiltonian.atom_partition = atom_partition
if version > 0.3:
Etot = hamiltonian.Etot
energy_error = r['EnergyError']
if energy_error is not None:
paw.scf.energies = [Etot, Etot + energy_error, Etot]
wfs.eigensolver.error = r['EigenstateError']
if version < 1:
wfs.eigensolver.error *= gd.dv
else:
paw.scf.converged = r['Converged']
if version > 0.6:
if paw.occupations.fixmagmom:
if 'FermiLevel' in r.get_parameters():
paw.occupations.set_fermi_levels_mean(r['FermiLevel'])
if 'FermiSplit' in r.get_parameters():
paw.occupations.set_fermi_splitting(r['FermiSplit'])
else:
if 'FermiLevel' in r.get_parameters():
paw.occupations.set_fermi_level(r['FermiLevel'])
else:
if (not paw.input_parameters.fixmom
and 'FermiLevel' in r.get_parameters()):
paw.occupations.set_fermi_level(r['FermiLevel'])
# Try to read the current time and kick strength in time-propagation TDDFT:
for attr, name in [('time', 'Time'), ('niter', 'TimeSteps'),
('kick_strength', 'AbsorptionKick')]:
if hasattr(paw, attr):
try:
if r.has_array(name):
value = r.get(name, read=master)
else:
value = r[name]
setattr(paw, attr, value)
except KeyError:
pass
# Try to read FDTD-related data
try:
use_fdtd = r['FDTD']
except:
use_fdtd = False
if use_fdtd:
from gpaw.fdtd.poisson_fdtd import FDTDPoissonSolver
# fdtd_poisson will overwrite the poisson at a later stage
paw.hamiltonian.fdtd_poisson = FDTDPoissonSolver(restart_reader=r,
paw=paw)
# Try to read the number of Delta SCF orbitals
try:
norbitals = r.dimension('norbitals')
paw.occupations.norbitals = norbitals
except (AttributeError, KeyError):
norbitals = None
nibzkpts = r.dimension('nibzkpts')
nbands = r.dimension('nbands')
nslice = bd.get_slice()
if (nibzkpts != len(wfs.kd.ibzk_kc)
or nbands != bd.comm.size * bd.mynbands):
paw.scf.reset()
else:
# Verify that symmetries for for k-point reduction hasn't changed:
tol = 1e-12
if master:
bzk_kc = r.get('BZKPoints', read=master)
weight_k = r.get('IBZKPointWeights', read=master)
assert np.abs(bzk_kc - kd.bzk_kc).max() < tol
assert np.abs(weight_k - kd.weight_k).max() < tol
for kpt in wfs.kpt_u:
# Eigenvalues and occupation numbers:
timer.start('Band energies')
k = kpt.k
s = kpt.s
if hdf5: # fully parallelized over spins, k-points
do_read = (gd.comm.rank == 0)
indices = [s, k]
indices.append(nslice)
kpt.eps_n = r.get('Eigenvalues',
parallel=parallel,
read=do_read,
*indices)
gd.comm.broadcast(kpt.eps_n, 0)
kpt.f_n = r.get('OccupationNumbers',
parallel=parallel,
read=do_read,
*indices)
gd.comm.broadcast(kpt.f_n, 0)
else:
eps_n = r.get('Eigenvalues', s, k, read=master)
f_n = r.get('OccupationNumbers', s, k, read=master)
kpt.eps_n = eps_n[nslice].copy()
kpt.f_n = f_n[nslice].copy()
timer.stop('Band energies')
if norbitals is not None: # XXX will probably fail for hdf5
timer.start('dSCF expansions')
kpt.ne_o = np.empty(norbitals, dtype=float)
kpt.c_on = np.empty((norbitals, bd.mynbands), dtype=complex)
for o in range(norbitals):
kpt.ne_o[o] = r.get('LinearExpansionOccupations',
s,
k,
o,
read=master)
c_n = r.get('LinearExpansionCoefficients',
s,
k,
o,
read=master)
kpt.c_on[o, :] = c_n[nslice]
timer.stop('dSCF expansions')
if (r.has_array('PseudoWaveFunctions')
and paw.input_parameters.mode != 'lcao'):
timer.start('Pseudo-wavefunctions')
wfs.read(r, hdf5)
timer.stop('Pseudo-wavefunctions')
if (r.has_array('WaveFunctionCoefficients')
and paw.input_parameters.mode == 'lcao'):
wfs.read_coefficients(r)
timer.start('Projections')
if hdf5 and read_projections:
# Domain masters read parallel over spin, kpoints and band groups
cumproj_a = np.cumsum([0] + [setup.ni for setup in wfs.setups])
all_P_ni = np.empty((bd.mynbands, cumproj_a[-1]), dtype=wfs.dtype)
for kpt in wfs.kpt_u:
kpt.P_ani = {}
indices = [kpt.s, kpt.k]
indices.append(bd.get_slice())
do_read = (gd.comm.rank == 0)
# timer.start('ProjectionsCritical(s=%d,k=%d)' % (kpt.s,kpt.k))
r.get('Projections',
out=all_P_ni,
parallel=parallel,
read=do_read,
*indices)
# timer.stop('ProjectionsCritical(s=%d,k=%d)' % (kpt.s,kpt.k))
if gd.comm.rank == 0:
for a in range(natoms):
ni = wfs.setups[a].ni
P_ni = np.empty((bd.mynbands, ni), dtype=wfs.dtype)
P_ni[:] = all_P_ni[:, cumproj_a[a]:cumproj_a[a + 1]]
kpt.P_ani[a] = P_ni
del all_P_ni # delete a potentially large matrix
elif read_projections and r.has_array('Projections'):
wfs.read_projections(r)
timer.stop('Projections')
# Manage mode change:
paw.scf.check_convergence(density, wfs.eigensolver, wfs, hamiltonian,
paw.forces)
newmode = paw.input_parameters.mode
try:
oldmode = r['Mode']
if oldmode == 'pw':
from gpaw.wavefunctions.pw import PW
oldmode = PW(ecut=r['PlaneWaveCutoff'] * Hartree)
except (AttributeError, KeyError):
oldmode = 'fd' # This is an old gpw file from before lcao existed
if newmode == 'lcao':
spos_ac = paw.atoms.get_scaled_positions() % 1.0
wfs.load_lazily(hamiltonian, spos_ac)
if newmode != oldmode:
paw.scf.reset()
# Get the forces from the old calculation:
if r.has_array('CartesianForces'):
paw.forces.F_av = r.get('CartesianForces', broadcast=True)
else:
paw.forces.reset()
hamiltonian.xc.read(r)
timer.stop('Read')
def shape(a):
return (a, a // 2) # Shapes: (0, 0), (1, 0), (2, 1), ...
natoms = 33
if world.size == 1:
rank_a = np.zeros(natoms, int)
else:
# When on more than 2 cores, make sure that at least one core
# (rank=0) has zero entries:
lower = 0 if world.size == 2 else 1
rank_a = gen.randint(lower, world.size, natoms)
assert (rank_a < world.size).all()
serial = AtomPartition(world, np.zeros(natoms, int))
partition = AtomPartition(world, rank_a)
even_partition = partition.as_even_partition()
def check(atomdict, title):
if world.rank == world.size // 2 or world.rank == 0:
print('rank %d %s: %s' % (world.rank, title.rjust(10), atomdict))
# Create a normal, "well-behaved" dict against which to test arraydict.
ref = dict(atomdict)
#print atomdict
assert set(atomdict.keys()) == set(ref.keys()) # check keys()
for a in atomdict: # check __iter__, __getitem__
#print ref[a].shape, atomdict[a].shape #ref[a].shape, atomdict[a].shape
#print ref[a], atomdict[a]
